CN112852588A - Light-guiding three-dimensional porous biological membrane substrate reactor and method for culturing microalgae biological membrane - Google Patents

Light-guiding three-dimensional porous biological membrane substrate reactor and method for culturing microalgae biological membrane Download PDF

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CN112852588A
CN112852588A CN202110091746.8A CN202110091746A CN112852588A CN 112852588 A CN112852588 A CN 112852588A CN 202110091746 A CN202110091746 A CN 202110091746A CN 112852588 A CN112852588 A CN 112852588A
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light guide
light
reactor
liquid phase
microalgae
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CN112852588B (en
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黄云
陈科名
廖强
朱恂
夏奡
朱贤青
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Chongqing University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/02Photobioreactors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M25/00Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings
    • C12M25/02Membranes; Filters
    • C12M25/04Membranes; Filters in combination with well or multiwell plates, i.e. culture inserts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/12Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor and a method for culturing microalgae biomembranes; a light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor comprises a reactor main body; the reactor body is made of a transparent material; the top and the bottom of the device are respectively provided with a spray nozzle and a liquid phase discharge outlet, and the spray nozzles are simultaneously connected with a nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline and a gas pipeline; the method is characterized in that: a light guide biological film carrier is placed in the reactor main body, and the light guide biological film carrier is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures from top to bottom; side light guide optical fibers are embedded in each layer of light guide biological film; the light guide side of the side light guide fiber extends out of the reactor main body and is connected with a special light source for the fiber through a fiber collector; light guide nanoparticles are uniformly added into the light guide biomembrane and uniformly scatter light received by the side light guide optical fiber to the periphery; the invention can be widely applied to the fields of biology, environmental protection and the like.

Description

Light-guiding three-dimensional porous biological membrane substrate reactor and method for culturing microalgae biological membrane
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biomembrane substrate reactor, in particular to a light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor and a method for culturing a microalgae biomembrane.
Background
While bringing social progress and economic prosperity to human beings, fossil fuels also cause double crises of increasingly exhausted fossil energy and gradual global warming, so that development and utilization of a novel environment-friendly energy source capable of replacing fossil energy sources is of great importance. Among them, biomass energy is inexhaustible and inexhaustible as a renewable energy source for storing solar energy in the form of chemical energy in biomass, and is likely to become an important component of a sustainable energy system in the future. Microalgae used as third-generation biomass energy can utilize CO in flue gas of power plant2The carbon source, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage are used as nutrients, the solar energy is used as an energy source, and energy substances such as grease and other products with high added values are synthesized through photosynthesis, so that multiple purposes of reducing and removing waste and biomass energy are achieved. Meanwhile, microalgae has the advantages of fast propagation, short period, high photosynthetic efficiency and the like, and is considered to be a biomass energy raw material with great potential.
Compared with microalgae suspension culture, the membrane type microalgae culture method has the advantages of reducing the water demand of the system, effectively improving the biomass density in the photobioreactor, being stable in operation, convenient to harvest, efficient and energy-saving and the like, and has greater development and popularization potentials. At present, the culture mode of the microalgae biofilm is mostly based on the photoautotrophy of algae cells, namely that the microalgae is driven by light energy and utilizes CO2、H2O and simple inorganic nutrient salts synthesize nutrients required by themselves to maintain respiratory metabolism and growth reproduction. This method of microalgae culture is the major limiting factor. However, in the current application of microalgae biofilm culture, related research on the adoption of a biofilm substrate emphasizes the consideration of the adsorption performance of materials on microalgae biofilms and the growthCompatibility, neglects the transmittance of the substrate material to light. The biofilm substrate has great reduction effect on light, so that the growth condition of microalgae in a biofilm culture form is greatly limited by light attenuation. Therefore, it is very important to optimize the light conditions in the biofilm by using a material having excellent light transmittance as a substrate of the microalgae biofilm. In addition, the light source setting of traditional little algae biomembrane cultivation generally adopts the unilateral light source, because light can constantly attenuate in little algae biomembrane and biomembrane carrier, when the biomembrane grows to certain thickness, the emergent light intensity that ordinary unilateral light source pierces through behind the little algae of top layer is difficult to reach the optical compensation point, can't satisfy the growth of lower floor's little algae biomembrane, strengthens light source illumination intensity, will lead to the little algae biomembrane of top layer to produce the photoinhibition again. Under the traditional single-side light source arrangement, when the microalgae biomembrane is arranged in a plurality of layers in space, the integral light distribution uniformity is poor, and the light penetration is obviously limited; this greatly limits the stacking of microalgae biofilm cultures in three-dimensional space.
In the current biofilm type culture of microalgae, the arrangement form of a single-side external light source and the adoption of a poor light-transmitting substrate material influence the transmission performance of light in a biofilm substrate, so that the microalgae biofilm is difficult to realize multilayer arrangement, and the space utilization rate of the microalgae biofilm during culture is greatly limited. Therefore, a self-luminous three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor is urgently needed to be developed, the light transmission in the microalgae biomembrane is optimized, the limitation influence of light attenuation on the membrane type culture of the microalgae biomembrane in the culture process of the microalgae biomembrane is solved, the economic effect of the membrane type culture of the microalgae is further improved, the wide application prospect is widened, and more social values are created.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor and a method for culturing microalgae biomembranes.
The invention has the technical scheme that the light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor comprises a reactor main body; the reactor body is made of a transparent material; the top and the bottom of the device are respectively provided with a spray nozzle and a liquid phase discharge outlet, and the spray nozzles are simultaneously connected with a nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline and a gas pipeline; the method is characterized in that: a light guide biological film carrier is placed in the reactor main body, and the light guide biological film carrier is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures from top to bottom; side light guide optical fibers are embedded in each layer of light guide biological film; the light guide side of the side light guide fiber extends out of the reactor main body and is connected with a special light source for the fiber through a fiber collector; light guide nanoparticles are uniformly added into the light guide biomembrane and uniformly scatter light received by the side light guide optical fiber to the periphery.
According to the invention, the side light guide optical fibers are embedded in each layer of light guide biomembrane, so that light sources between the biomembrane substrate layers are uniformly distributed, and the layer-by-layer attenuation of light in the biomembrane in a single-side light source arrangement mode is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the light scattering of the nanometer light guide particles enables the light distribution in the whole reactor to be more uniform, and the defect that the local light intensity in the reactor is too much or not enough is effectively overcome. And the three-dimensional porous hollow structure is combined with the nano light guide material, so that the light transmission and uniformity in the whole reactor are effectively enhanced, meanwhile, the specific surface area of the whole reactor is effectively improved by the three-dimensional porous structure, and the space utilization rate of the microalgae biomembrane during culture is greatly improved.
The reactor adopts a spray type nutrient supply mode, and spray can be uniformly sprayed on the surface of each layer of microalgae biomembrane in the column type biomembrane photobioreactor, so that the nutrient supply required by the microalgae biomembrane is considered, and the additional attenuation of the liquid environment to light in the liquid soaking environment of the three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate is effectively avoided. Effectively helping the uniformity of the distribution of the incident light throughout the reactor.
According to the invention, the liquid channel is arranged at the bottom, when the nutrient solution spray is continuously accumulated in the reactor and converged into liquid accumulated at the bottom of the reactor, the liquid discharge passage can timely discharge excessive nutrient solution, so that the liquid-free environment of a biological membrane carrier in the whole reactor is maintained, the illumination environment in the whole reactor is always kept good, and the influence of the light shading of the light-tight nutrient solution is avoided.
According to the preferable scheme of the light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor, the light-guiding biomembrane carrier is formed by integrally molding a plurality of layers of light-guiding biomembranes with three-dimensional porous structures.
According to the preferable scheme of the light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor, the reactor main body is also provided with an algae liquid phase inlet and an algae liquid phase outlet; in the microalgae adsorption film forming stage, microalgae algae liquid enters the reactor main body through the peristaltic pump and the algae liquid phase inlet, and is discharged from the algae liquid phase outlet when the microalgae algae liquid in the reactor main body reaches the height of the algae liquid phase outlet.
The method for culturing the microalgae biomembrane by utilizing the light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a reactor
The reactor comprises a reactor body; the reactor main body is provided with an algae liquid phase inlet and an algae liquid phase outlet; the top and the bottom of the reactor main body are respectively provided with a spray nozzle and a liquid phase discharge outlet; the spraying nozzle is simultaneously connected with the nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline and the gas pipeline; a light guide biological film carrier is placed in the reactor main body, and the light guide biological film carrier is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures from top to bottom; side light guide optical fibers are embedded in each layer of light guide biological film; the light guide side of the side light guide fiber extends out of the reactor main body and is connected with a special light source for the fiber through a fiber collector; light guide nano particles are uniformly added into the light guide biological film; the light guide nanoparticles uniformly scatter light received by the side light guide fiber to the periphery;
step two, a microalgae adsorption film forming stage
Allowing microalgae liquid to enter the reactor main body through a peristaltic pump and the algae liquid phase inlet and flow through the light guide biological film carrier; when the microalgae liquid in the reactor main body reaches the height of the microalgae liquid phase outlet, the microalgae liquid phase is discharged from the microalgae liquid phase outlet and pumped into the reactor main body through a peristaltic pump, so that the closed circulation of the flowing microalgae liquid is realized; continuously attaching and forming a microalgae biomembrane on the light guide biomembrane carrier along with the continuous increase of the time of flowing through the light guide biomembrane carrier, closing the peristaltic pump after a certain time, and stopping circulation;
step three, the liquid-phase-free culture stage of the microalgae biofilm
Opening the liquid phase discharge outlet, and completely discharging the microalgae liquid in the reactor through the liquid phase discharge outlet; turning on a special light source for the optical fiber, receiving incident light by the side light guide optical fiber, and scattering the incident light received by the side light guide optical fiber to the periphery by the light guide nano-particles; and opening a spray nozzle, mixing and atomizing the nutrient solution and the gas in the spray nozzle, uniformly spraying the atomized mixed spray on the light guide biological film carrier through the spray nozzle, flowing from the upper light guide biological film to the bottom light guide biological film, and finally, continuously growing and accumulating the microalgae biological film attached to the light guide biological film carrier under the environment of nutrient solution spraying and light from a liquid phase discharge outlet until the whole culture period is completed, thereby realizing the overall liquid-phase-free environment culture of the microalgae biological film.
According to the preferable scheme of the method for culturing the microalgae biofilm by using the light-guiding three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor, nutrient solution discharged from the liquid-phase discharge outlet in the step three reaches the liquid collecting device, and then reaches the spray nozzle through the nutrient solution liquid-phase pipeline, so that the cyclic utilization of the nutrient solution is realized.
According to the preferable scheme of the method for culturing the microalgae biomembrane by using the light-guide three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor, the light-guide biomembrane carrier is formed by integrally forming a plurality of layers of light-guide biomembranes with three-dimensional porous structures.
The light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor and the method for culturing the microalgae biomembrane have the advantages that light sources are uniformly distributed between the biomembrane substrate layers, the gradual attenuation of light in the biomembrane in a single-side light source arrangement mode is effectively avoided, the defect that the local light intensity in the reactor is excessive or insufficient is effectively avoided, the hollowed-out structure and the nanometer light-guiding material are combined for use, the light transmission and the uniformity in the whole reactor are effectively enhanced, meanwhile, the specific surface area of the whole reactor is effectively improved by the three-dimensional porous structure, and the space utilization rate during the culture of the microalgae biomembrane is greatly improved; in the culture stage of the microalgae biomembrane, a liquid-phase-free environment is kept, so that the illumination environment in the whole reactor is always kept good and is not influenced by the shading of the light-tight nutrient solution; the invention can be widely applied to the fields of biology, environmental protection and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-conducting three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the light-guiding biofilm carrier 1 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a light-guiding three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor includes a reactor body 9; the reactor body 9 is made of a light guide material; the top and the bottom of the device are respectively provided with a spray nozzle 2 and a liquid phase discharge outlet 3, and the spray nozzle 2 is simultaneously connected with a nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline and a gas pipeline; the liquid phase discharge outlet 3 is connected with a liquid collecting device 7, and the liquid collecting device 7 is connected with a nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline; a light guide biological film carrier 1 is arranged in the reactor main body 9, and the light guide biological film carrier 1 is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures from top to bottom; side light guide optical fibers 6 are embedded in each layer of light guide biological film; the light guide side of the side light guide fiber 6 extends out of the reactor main body 9 and is connected with a special optical fiber light source through an optical fiber collector 8; light guide nanoparticles 10 are uniformly added into the light guide biomembrane, and the light guide nanoparticles 10 uniformly scatter light received by the side light guide optical fiber 6 to the periphery.
In the embodiment, the light-guiding biological film carrier 1 is formed by integrally molding a plurality of layers of light-guiding biological films with three-dimensional porous structures.
In the embodiment, the reactor main body 9 is further provided with an algae liquid phase inlet 4 and an algae liquid phase outlet 5; in the initial stage of microalgae culture and the adsorption film forming stage, microalgae solution enters the reactor main body 9 through the peristaltic pump and the algae solution liquid phase inlet 4, and is discharged from the algae solution liquid phase outlet 5 when the microalgae solution in the reactor main body 9 reaches the height of the algae solution liquid phase outlet.
A method for culturing a microalgae biofilm by using a self-luminous three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor comprises the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a reactor
The reactor comprises a reactor body 9; the reactor main body 9 is provided with an algae liquid phase inlet 4 and an algae liquid phase outlet 5; the top and the bottom of the reactor main body 9 are respectively provided with a spray nozzle 2 and a liquid phase discharge outlet 3; the spray nozzle 2 is simultaneously connected with a nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline and a gas pipeline; the liquid phase discharge outlet 3 is connected with a liquid collecting device 7, and the liquid collecting device 7 is connected with a nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline; a light guide biological film carrier 1 is arranged in the reactor main body 9, and the light guide biological film carrier 1 is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures from top to bottom; side light guide optical fibers 6 are embedded in each layer of light guide biological film; the light guide side of the side light guide fiber 6 extends out of the reactor main body 9 and is connected with a special optical fiber light source through an optical fiber collector 8; light guide nano particles 10 are uniformly added into the light guide biological film; the light guide nano particles 10 uniformly scatter light received by the side light guide optical fiber 6 to the periphery;
step two, a microalgae adsorption film forming stage
Microalgae liquid enters the reactor main body 9 through a peristaltic pump and the algae liquid phase inlet 4 and flows through the light guide biological film carrier 1; when the microalgae liquid in the reactor main body 9 reaches the height of the microalgae liquid phase outlet, the microalgae liquid is discharged from the microalgae liquid phase outlet 5 and pumped into the reactor main body 9 through a peristaltic pump, so that the closed circulation of the flowing microalgae liquid is realized; the microalgae biofilm on the light guide biofilm carrier 1 is continuously attached and formed along with the continuous increase of the time of flowing through the light guide biofilm carrier 1, and after a certain time, the peristaltic pump is closed and the circulation is stopped;
step three, the liquid-phase-free culture stage of the microalgae biofilm
Opening the liquid phase discharge outlet 3, and completely discharging the microalgae liquid in the reactor through the liquid phase discharge outlet 3; turning on the special optical fiber light source, receiving light of the special optical fiber light source by the side light guide optical fiber 6, and scattering the light received by the side light guide optical fiber 6 to the periphery by the light guide nano-particles; open spray nozzle 2, nutrient solution and gaseous realization mix and are atomized in spray nozzle 2, and the mixed spraying after the atomizing is through spray nozzle even spraying on leaded light biomembrane carrier 1 to from upper light guiding biomembrane toward bottom leaded light biomembrane flow, discharge from liquid phase discharge outlet 3 at last, discharged nutrient solution reaches collection liquid device 7, and rethread nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline is from newly getting into spray nozzle 2, realizes the cyclic utilization of nutrient solution. The microalgae biofilm attached to the light guide biofilm carrier 1 continuously grows and accumulates under the environment of nutrient solution spraying and light until the whole culture period is completed, and the integral liquid-phase-free environment culture of the microalgae biofilm is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the light-guiding biological film carrier 1 is formed by integrally molding a plurality of layers of light-guiding biological films with three-dimensional porous structures.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A light-conducting three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor, comprising a reactor body (9); the reactor body (9) is made of a transparent material; the top and the bottom of the device are respectively provided with a spray nozzle (2) and a liquid phase discharge outlet (3), and the spray nozzle (2) is simultaneously connected with a nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline and a gas pipeline; the method is characterized in that: a light guide biological film carrier (1) is arranged in the reactor main body (9), and the light guide biological film carrier (1) is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures from top to bottom; side light guide optical fibers (6) are embedded in each layer of light guide biological film; the light guide side of the side light guide fiber (6) extends out of the reactor main body (9) and is connected with a special optical fiber light source through a fiber collector (8); light guide nanoparticles are uniformly added into the light guide biomembrane and uniformly scatter light received by the side light guide optical fiber (6) to the periphery.
2. A light-conducting three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor according to claim 1, wherein: the light guide biological film carrier (1) is formed by integrally forming a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures.
3. A light-conducting three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the reactor main body (9) is also provided with an algae liquid phase inlet (4) and an algae liquid phase outlet (5); in the microalgae adsorption film forming stage, microalgae algae liquid enters the reactor main body (9) through the peristaltic pump and the algae liquid phase inlet (4), and is discharged from the algae liquid phase outlet (5) when the microalgae algae liquid in the reactor main body (9) reaches the height of the algae liquid phase outlet.
4. The method for culturing the microalgae biomembrane by utilizing the light-guiding three-dimensional porous biomembrane substrate reactor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a reactor
The reactor comprises a reactor body (9); the reactor main body (9) is provided with an algae liquid phase inlet (4) and an algae liquid phase outlet (5); the top and the bottom of the reactor main body (9) are respectively provided with a spray nozzle (2) and a liquid phase discharge outlet (3); the spray nozzle (2) is simultaneously connected with the nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline and the gas pipeline; a light guide biological film carrier (1) is arranged in the reactor main body (9), and the light guide biological film carrier (1) is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures from top to bottom; side light guide optical fibers (6) are embedded in each layer of light guide biological film; the light guide side of the side light guide fiber (6) extends out of the reactor main body (9) and is connected with a special optical fiber light source through a fiber collector (8); light guide nano particles are uniformly added into the light guide biological film; the light guide nano particles uniformly scatter light received by the side light guide optical fiber (6) to the periphery;
step two, a microalgae adsorption film forming stage
Microalgae liquid enters the reactor main body (9) through a peristaltic pump and the algae liquid phase inlet (4) and flows through the light guide biological film carrier (1); when the microalgae liquid in the reactor main body (9) reaches the height of the microalgae liquid phase outlet, the microalgae liquid is discharged from the microalgae liquid phase outlet (5) and pumped into the reactor main body (9) through the peristaltic pump to realize the closed circulation of the flowing microalgae liquid; along with the increasing of the time of flowing through the light guide biological film carrier (1), the microalgae biological film on the light guide biological film carrier (1) is continuously attached and formed, and after a certain time, the peristaltic pump is closed and the circulation is stopped;
step three, the liquid-phase-free culture stage of the microalgae biofilm
Opening the liquid phase discharge outlet (3), and completely discharging the microalgae liquid in the reactor through the liquid phase discharge outlet (3); turning on a special optical fiber light source, receiving incident light by the side light guide optical fiber (6), and scattering the incident light received by the side light guide optical fiber (6) to the periphery by the light guide nano-particles; open spray nozzle (2), nutrient solution and gaseous realization mix and atomized in spray nozzle (2), the mixed spraying after the atomizing is in through the even spraying of spray nozzle on leaded light biomembrane carrier (1) to from upper strata leaded light biomembrane toward bottom leaded light biomembrane flow, from liquid phase discharge outlet (3) at last, the little algae biomembrane that attaches to on leaded light biomembrane carrier (1) constantly grows the accumulation under nutrient solution spraying and light environment, until accomplishing whole culture cycle, realizes the holistic no liquid phase environment of little algae biomembrane and cultivates.
5. The method of culturing microalgae biofilm using the light-conducting three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor of claim 4, wherein: and in the third step, the nutrient solution discharged from the liquid phase discharge outlet (3) reaches the liquid collecting device (7) and then reaches the spray nozzle (2) through the nutrient solution liquid phase pipeline, so that the cyclic utilization of the nutrient solution is realized.
6. The method of culturing microalgae biofilm using the light-conducting three-dimensional porous biofilm substrate reactor of claim 1, wherein: the light guide biological film carrier (1) is formed by integrally forming a plurality of layers of light guide biological films with three-dimensional porous structures.
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