CN111635684B - 一种彩钢瓦用底漆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于涂料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种彩钢瓦用底漆及其制备方法。本发明提供的一种彩钢瓦用底漆,由A组分和B组分组成,其中,所述A组分包括以下重量份的各组分:水性丙烯酸乳液50‑60份、分散剂0.2‑0.4份、消泡剂0.1‑0.2份、润湿剂0.2‑0.4份、填料2‑5份、去离子水5‑8份、pH调节剂0.1‑2份、矿物短纤维0.5‑1.5份和微胶囊颗粒2‑5份;所述微胶囊颗粒囊芯含有干性短油度醇酸树脂;所述B组分为水性固化剂;所述A组分与所述B组分的质量之比为6‑8:1。本发明提供的彩钢瓦底漆具有修复、防锈功能,且修复后漆膜的附着力好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于涂料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种彩钢瓦用底漆及其制备方法。
背景技术
彩钢瓦是由具有波形结构的压型钢板涂饰彩色油漆制成,压型钢板在涂饰彩色面漆之前,通常需要涂饰底漆来提高面漆的附着力、增加面漆的丰满度、提供防腐防锈功能等。在彩钢瓦使用过程中,由于彩钢瓦和涂料层之间的热膨胀系数差异、钢板锈蚀、磕碰和雨水冲刷下,彩钢瓦的表面极易产生微小裂纹,微小裂纹若不及时修补则会导致水和空气侵入钢板,直接导致钢板的锈蚀。CN110330846A中公开了彩钢瓦技术领域的一种彩钢瓦免除锈底漆,通过在原漆中加入稀盐酸、基材润湿剂、促进剂、保色剂和紫外线吸收剂后,喷涂到彩钢瓦上,能够快速对彩钢瓦的表面形成一层氧化膜,提高了除锈效率,提高彩钢瓦的防腐性能。CN103275582A中公开了一种钢结构彩钢瓦防水涂料,它包含以下重量比的组分:丙烯酸乳液70~78,重质碳酸钙5~8,钛白粉10~13,玻化微珠8-11,增稠剂0.1~0.3,二丁酯0.3~0.5,氨中和剂0.1~0.2,纤维素0.1~0.5,防腐剂0.1~0.5,消泡剂0.1~0.3,水2~4,能够解决了现有金属彩钢瓦屋面铁钉生锈等原因引起的渗水问题。现有技术中的彩钢瓦涂料均不能解决彩钢瓦上涂层裂纹修复问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足之处,本发明提供一种彩钢瓦用底漆及其制备方法,能够对彩钢瓦涂层裂纹进行修复,具有裂纹修复效果。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是提供一种彩钢瓦用底漆,由A组分和B组分组成,
其中,所述A组分包括以下重量份的各组分:
水性丙烯酸乳液50-60份、分散剂0.2-0.4份、消泡剂0.1-0.2份、润湿剂0.2-0.4份、填料2-5份、去离子水5-8份、pH调节剂0.1-2份、矿物短纤维0.5-1.5份和微胶囊颗粒2-5份;
所述微胶囊颗粒囊芯含有干性短油度醇酸树脂;
所述B组分为水性固化剂;
所述A组分与所述B组分的质量之比为6-8:1。
在本发明中,水性丙烯酸乳液可采用HD1092,分散剂可采用聚丙烯酸钠,消泡剂可采用有机硅消泡剂BYK-14,润湿剂可采用为Tego-270,填料可采用碳酸钙,固化剂采用异氰酸酯固化剂XP2655,pH调节剂采用二甲基乙醇胺。
进一步地,所述微胶囊颗粒囊芯还包括渗透剂。所述渗透剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚渗透剂,选自AEO-12、AEO-16、XL-50中至少一种。通过添加渗透剂,在微胶囊破裂时,能够加快干性短油度醇酸树脂在矿物短纤维上的侵润。
进一步地,所述微胶囊的囊壁材质为脲醛树脂。脲醛树脂具有较好的硬度能够耐弱酸弱碱性,将其作为囊壁材质能够保护微胶囊中的醇酸树脂在储存过程中不被泄露,脲醛树脂外观呈半透明状,不影响底漆成色。同时,脲醛树脂的脆性较大,当漆膜收到外界压力的情况下会发生破裂,其中包含的干性短油度醇酸树脂便会流出,在矿物短纤维上发生侵润,固化后与原漆膜之间通过矿物短纤维连接紧密,新生成漆膜附着力好不易脱落。
进一步地,所述微胶囊颗粒的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)将100-120份尿素和180-200份浓度为30-40%的甲醛溶液混合,采用氢氧化钠调节pH为8-10,升温至65-75℃搅拌反应1-1.5小时,得到脲醛树脂预聚物溶液;
2)在100-150份干性短油度醇酸树脂中加入5-10份吐温80,1-2份渗透剂,高速搅拌30-60min得到芯材乳液;
3)将脲醛树脂预聚物溶液和芯材乳液混合,在搅拌下,滴加15-25%的盐酸溶液作为酸性催化剂,调节混合液pH为2-3,升温至45-55℃,反应4-5h后加入氢氧化钠调节pH为6-7,过滤,水洗,烘干即得。
进一步地,所述干性短油度醇酸树脂中的干性油原料选自包括亚麻油、豆油、蓖麻油和桐油中至少一种。
本发明还提供所述干性短油度醇酸树脂,采用以下方法制备:
将200-250份的干性油置于容器中,升温至100-130℃,加入干性油重量0.01-0.03%的氢氧化锂,升温至240-250℃,保温45-70min,降温至200-210℃,加入20-25份二甲苯、100-120份甘油和80-100份季戊四醇,缓慢升温至250℃,搅拌,保温4小时,降温至160-170℃,加入200-250份200#溶剂油和50-80份二甲苯,搅拌15-30min即得。
干性短油度醇酸树脂在室温下能自动氧化干燥,自干性能良好,在本发明中以干性短油度醇酸树脂作为微胶囊的芯材使用,当漆膜发生破损或裂缝时,微胶囊的壁材会在压力下破裂,释放的干性短油度醇酸树脂在常温下能够直接进行固化。由于钢板的锈蚀是在水和氧气的作用下发生,采用本发明的方案,使用干性短油度醇酸树脂作为修复剂,干性短油度醇酸树脂固化的过程中吸收漆膜中的氧气,减少新生成的修复漆膜内的氧气量,从而延缓钢板的锈蚀。
进一步地,所述矿物短纤维选自针状水镁石绒、硅灰石纤维和海泡石绒中至少一种,更进一步地,所述矿物短纤维的粒度为0.2-1mm,该粒度范围内的矿物短纤维不会起团影响底漆的均匀性同时能够在原漆膜和修复漆膜之间起到搭接作用。在具体的实施例中,所述矿物短纤维选用河北宏利海泡石绒有限公司生产的粒度为0.2-1mm的海泡石绒。
在本发明中,矿物短纤维添加到彩钢瓦底漆中能够提高漆膜的韧性和耐用性,使漆膜具有更好的机械强度和粘附力。更重要的是,上述矿物短纤维能够在干性短油度醇酸树脂修复漆膜与原漆膜之间形成连接桥,增强修复漆膜和原漆膜连接性,防止修复漆膜脱落。
本发明还提供上述彩钢瓦用底漆的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
制备A组分:
S1:在容器中依次加入去离子水、润湿剂、消泡剂、分散剂,在200-400r/min下搅拌5-10min;
S2:依次加入填料和水性丙烯酸乳液,在900-1100r/min分散20-30min,至细度≤60um;
S3:加入pH调节剂调节pH至中性,依次加入矿物短纤维和微胶囊颗粒,在100-200r/min搅拌2-5min;
在使用时,将制备好的A组分与B组分按照质量之比为6-8:1混合。
与现有技术中的彩钢瓦漆相比,本发明提供的彩钢瓦用底漆具有的有益效果是:本发明通过彩钢瓦底漆中添加包含有干性短油度醇酸树脂的微胶囊,当漆膜发生破损或裂缝时,微胶囊的壁材会在压力下破裂,微胶囊在外界压力的作用下,释放干性短油度醇酸树脂可以自动氧化干燥固化成膜,对裂缝起到修补作用。同时,在渗透剂的作用下,干性短油度醇酸树脂通过在矿物短纤维上发生侵润,矿物短纤维能够在干性短油度醇酸树脂修复漆膜与原漆膜之间形成连接桥,增强修复漆膜和元漆膜连接性,防止修复漆膜脱落。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特别说明,均为常规方法。下述实施例涉及的原料若无特别说明,均为普通市售品,皆可通过市场购买获得。下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述:
实施例1
本实施例提供干性短油度醇酸树脂的制备,将120份的亚麻油和100份蓖麻油置于反应器中,升温至120℃,加入干性油重量0.02%的氢氧化锂,升温至250℃,保温60min,降温至200℃,加入25份二甲苯、100份甘油和100份季戊四醇,缓慢升温至240℃,搅拌,保温4小时,降温至160℃,加入200份200#溶剂油和80份二甲苯,搅拌20min即得干性短油度醇酸树脂。
实施例2
本实施例提供干性短油度醇酸树脂的制备,将100份的亚麻油和120份桐油置于反应器中,升温至130℃,加入干性油重量0.01%的氢氧化锂,升温至240℃,保温75min,降温至210℃,加入20份二甲苯、120份甘油和80份季戊四醇,缓慢升温至240℃,搅拌,保温3小时,降温至170℃,加入200份200#溶剂油和50份二甲苯,搅拌15min即得干性短油度醇酸树脂。
实施例3
本实施例提供干性短油度醇酸树脂的制备,将220份桐油置于反应器中,升温至100℃,加入干性油重量0.03%的氢氧化锂,升温至240℃,保温45min,降温至200℃,加入20份二甲苯、120份甘油和80份季戊四醇,缓慢升温至240℃,搅拌,保温5小时,降温至170℃,加入250份200#溶剂油和50份二甲苯,搅拌30min即得干性短油度醇酸树脂。
实施例4
本实施例提供干性短油度醇酸树脂的制备,将100份的桐油和120份蓖麻油置于反应器中,升温至130℃,加入干性油重量0.02%的氢氧化锂,升温至240℃,保温75min,降温至210℃,加入20份二甲苯、120份甘油和80份季戊四醇,缓慢升温至240℃,搅拌,保温3小时,降温至170℃,加入200份200#溶剂油和60份二甲苯,搅拌15min即得干性短油度醇酸树脂。
实施例5
本实施例提供包含干性短油度醇酸树脂的微胶囊的制备方法,将110份尿素和190份浓度为35%的甲醛溶液混合,采用氢氧化钠调节pH为9,升温至70℃搅拌反应1.2小时,得到脲醛树脂预聚物溶液;向120份实施例1制备的干性短油度醇酸树脂中加入8份吐温80和1.5份AEO-12,高速搅拌45min得到芯材乳液;将脲醛树脂预聚物溶液和芯材乳液混合,在搅拌下,滴加20%的盐酸溶液作为酸性催化剂,调节混合液pH为2,升温至50℃,反应4.5h后加入氢氧化钠调节pH为7,过滤,水洗,烘干即得微胶囊。
实施例6
本实施例提供包含干性短油度醇酸树脂的微胶囊的制备方法,将100份尿素和180份浓度为30%的甲醛溶液混合,采用氢氧化钠调节pH为10,升温至75℃搅拌反应1小时,得到脲醛树脂预聚物溶液;向100份实施例3制备的干性短油度醇酸树脂中加入5份吐温80和2份AEO-16,高速搅拌30min得到芯材乳液;将脲醛树脂预聚物溶液和芯材乳液混合,在搅拌下,滴加25%的盐酸溶液作为酸性催化剂,调节混合液pH为2,升温至45℃,反应4h后加入氢氧化钠调节pH为6,过滤,水洗,烘干即得微胶囊。
实施例7
本实施例提供包含干性短油度醇酸树脂的微胶囊的制备方法,将120份尿素和200份浓度为40%的甲醛溶液混合,采用氢氧化钠调节pH为8,升温至65℃搅拌反应1.5小时,得到脲醛树脂预聚物溶液;向150份实施例2制备的干性短油度醇酸树脂中加入10份吐温80和1份XL-50,高速搅拌60min得到芯材乳液;将脲醛树脂预聚物溶液和芯材乳液混合,在搅拌下,滴加15%的盐酸溶液作为酸性催化剂,调节混合液pH为3,升温至55℃,反应5h后加入氢氧化钠调节pH为7,过滤,水洗,烘干即得微胶囊。
实施例8
本实施例提供彩钢瓦用底漆,按照下述方法制备:
制备A组分:在容器中依次加入6份去离子水、0.3份Tego-270润湿剂、0.15份BYK-14消泡剂、0.3份聚丙烯酸钠分散剂,在300r/min下搅拌8min;向容器中依次加入4份碳酸钙填料和55份HD1092水性丙烯酸乳液,在1000r/min分散25min,至细度≤60um;加入pH调节剂调节pH至中性,依次加入1份针状海泡石绒和3份实施例5中的微胶囊颗粒,在200r/min搅拌3min;
B组分采用XP2655异氰酸酯固化剂。
在使用时,将制备好的A组分与B组分按照质量之比为7:1混合。
实施例9
本实施例提供彩钢瓦用底漆,按照下述方法制备:
制备A组分:在容器中依次加入5份去离子水、0.4份Tego-270润湿剂、0.2份BYK-14消泡剂、0.4份聚丙烯酸钠分散剂,在400r/min下搅拌5min;依次加入2份碳酸钙填料和60份HD1092水性丙烯酸乳液,在900r/min分散30min,至细度≤60um;加入pH调节剂调节pH至中性,依次加入0.5份海泡石绒和2份实施例5中的微胶囊颗粒,在100r/min搅拌5min;
B组分采用XP2655异氰酸酯固化剂。
在使用时,将制备好的A组分与B组分按照质量之比为8:1混合。
实施例10
本实施例提供彩钢瓦用底漆,按照下述方法制备:
制备A组分:在容器中依次加入5份去离子水、0.4份Tego-270润湿剂、0.2份BYK-14消泡剂、0.4份聚丙烯酸钠分散剂,在400r/min下搅拌5min;依次加入2份碳酸钙填料和60份HD1092水性丙烯酸乳液,在900r/min分散30min,至细度≤60um;加入pH调节剂调节pH至中性,依次加入0.5份海泡石绒和2份实施例5中的微胶囊颗粒,在100r/min搅拌5min;
B组分采用XP2655异氰酸酯固化剂。
在使用时,将制备好的A组分与B组分按照质量之比为8:1混合。
对比例1
与实施例8的区别在于,不添加海泡石绒,其余组分及制备方法同实施例8。
对比例2
与实施例8的区别在于,不添加微胶囊颗粒和海泡石绒,其余组分及制备方法同实施例8。
试验例1
将实施例8-10,对比例1-2制得彩钢瓦底漆进行修复和生锈情况测试,测试方法如下,将彩钢瓦底漆分别涂在彩钢瓦上,待漆膜养护干燥后,用小刀划出一道宽0.1mm长10mm的裂缝,观察彩钢瓦上漆膜的修复效果,30d后观察生锈情况,结果如表1所示:
表1:各组彩钢瓦修复和生锈结果
由表1可知,实施例8-10提供的含有微胶囊和海泡石绒的彩钢瓦底漆与对比例1提供的含有微胶囊的彩钢瓦底漆均具有较好的自修复功能和防锈蚀效果,对比例2提供的彩钢瓦底漆不具备修复效果。
试验例2
将实施例8-10与对比例1制得彩钢瓦底漆进行附着力测试,测试方法如下,将彩钢瓦底漆分别涂在彩钢瓦上,待漆膜养护干燥后,用小刀划出一道宽0.1mm长25mm的裂缝,待48h后,采用GB/T9286-1998(划格器)的方法对裂缝处的进行附着力测试,结果显示,实施例8-10的附着力均为1级,对比例1的附着力为3级,说明采用本发明的技术方案,在含有微胶囊的彩钢瓦底漆中添加海泡石绒能提高修复漆膜的附着力。
最后应当说明的是,以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,但本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种彩钢瓦用底漆,其特征在于,由A组分和B组分组成,
其中,所述A组分包括以下重量份的各组分:
水性丙烯酸乳液50-60份、分散剂0.2-0.4份、消泡剂0.1-0.2份、润湿剂0.2-0.4份、填料2-5份、去离子水5-8份、pH调节剂0.1-2份、矿物短纤维0.5-1.5份和微胶囊颗粒2-5份;所述矿物短纤维选自针状水镁石绒、硅灰石纤维和海泡石绒中至少一种;所述矿物短纤维的粒度为0.2-1mm;
所述微胶囊颗粒囊芯含有干性短油度醇酸树脂;所述微胶囊颗粒囊芯还包括渗透剂,所述渗透剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚渗透剂,选自AEO-12、AEO-16、XL-50 中至少一种;
所述B组分为水性固化剂;
所述A组分与所述B组分的质量之比为6-8:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的彩钢瓦用底漆,其特征在于,所述微胶囊的囊壁材质为脲醛树脂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的彩钢瓦用底漆,其特征在于,所述微胶囊颗粒的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)将100-120份尿素和180-200份浓度为30-40%的甲醛溶液混合,采用氢氧化钠调节pH为8-10,升温至65-75℃搅拌反应1-1.5小时,得到脲醛树脂预聚物溶液;
2)在100-150份干性短油度醇酸树脂中加入5-10份吐温80,1-2份渗透剂,高速搅拌30-60min得到芯材乳液;
3)将脲醛树脂预聚物溶液和芯材乳液混合,在搅拌下,滴加15-25%的盐酸溶液作为酸性催化剂,调节混合液pH为2-3,升温至45-55℃,反应4-5h后加入氢氧化钠调节pH为6-7,过滤,水洗,烘干即得。
4.根据权利要求2所述的彩钢瓦用底漆,其特征在于,所述干性短油度醇酸树脂中的干性油原料选自亚麻油、豆油、蓖麻油和桐油中至少一种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的彩钢瓦用底漆,其特征在于,所述干性短油度醇酸树脂,采用以下方法制备:
将200-250份的干性油置于容器中,升温至100-130℃,加入干性油重量0.01-0.03%的氢氧化锂,升温至240-250℃,保温45-70min,降温至200-210℃,加入20-25份二甲苯、100-120份甘油和80-100份季戊四醇,缓慢升温至240-250℃,搅拌,保温3-5小时,降温至160-170℃,加入200-250份200#溶剂油和50-80份二甲苯,搅拌15-30min即得。
6.权利要求1所述的彩钢瓦用底漆的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
制备A组分:
S1:在容器中依次加入去离子水、润湿剂、消泡剂、分散剂,在200-400r/min下搅拌5-10min;
S2:依次加入填料和水性丙烯酸乳液,在900-1100r/min分散20-30min,至细度≤60μm;
S3:加入pH调节剂调节pH至中性,依次加入矿物短纤维和微胶囊颗粒,在100-200r/min搅拌2-5min;
在使用时,将制备好的A组分与B组分按照质量之比为6-8:1混合。
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