CN1116227A - Usage of sericin in durable material - Google Patents

Abstract

Said silk glue can be used in mount of paper or cloth calligraphy and painting; preparation of art pigment, paper pulp, plate material of paper and cloth, and the surface protection of art articles. Said invention has advantages of excellent weatherability, good permeability, no warp after drying, and easy to form film etc.

Description

The utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material

The invention belongs to the exploitation of weather-proof sticking outstanding glue novel material.

The sticking work agent of natural and synthetic is the important materials of various engineering at present, and main function is the adhesion of foreign matter or same material, also because its sticking work performance, and develops into the coating material of lining film forming; The glueing material of compound reinforcement.And develop into the goods of the special pearl function of each tool because of its each characteristic.Become machinery, building, electronics, the important material of various industries such as daily necessities.

Though present various sticking outstanding agent respectively has characteristic and function, following two common shortcomings are arranged.

A, weathering resistance difference or uncertain, when meeting the needing of prolonged preservation in 1,100, its weathering resistance and sticking work performance thereof just lack certain record or real example.And present simulation weather resistant experiment, when being engaged in the mensuration more than 1,100, its accuracy also has doubtful.For example generally believe the PolyesterResin that weathering resistance is extremely strong at present.It is difficult to natural decomposition, has classified one of source of pollution as, but in the seashore fishing port, everywhere the fragment of visible its G.R.P (glass fibre adds strong rubber) ships and light boats equipment decomposition decay.Other are as plastic cement such as PU Teflon, and it glues the authentic data that also lacks more than 50 years of keeping of work property.

Other common drawback of B, the agent of high-grade sticking work is that cost is too high, though the discovery of present mass production and new compound has made cost-greatly reduce as urea resin etc., energy weather-proof more than 50 years the person still belong to high priced line with regard to the weight meter.

Natural sticking work agent aspect, also lack the strong material of weathering resistance equally, according to whole world archaeological excavation gained, from finding no Chinese animal skin, bone, reticular tissue, fish-skin, the air bladder glue of using of sticking work material still intact more than the millennium, early on the books, but in excavating the historical relic that is unearthed, also truly have the clues and traces of sticking work, but its composition can not be examined because of decayed then.Have only the raw lacquer implements of China that real example more than 2000 is arranged.But it is rare with being the agent of sticking work.Comprehensive speech, we need a kind of weathering resistance extremely strong, with the sticking work agent of metering in 1,100, maybe can be for the sticking work of weather-proof product with being the starting material of weather-proof product.

Silk gum weight accounts for 25%-30% of silk cocoon, and quantity can claim very big.Experience the operation in thousands of years, aspect the utilizing of silk quality, reached high level.But silk gum is still the huge resource without exploitation so far, mix in the regenerated fiber to improve its sense of touch person though Japan has seen, its protein structure that also changes becomes the research of high-grade nutrient food, but not seeing as yet so far has commodity to push market, so the silk gum of enormous amount is still waste so far.

But silk gum has following known feature, merits attention:

(1) weathering resistance obtains proof by archaeology, and just the literature search of having delivered in the water soluble animal glue protein, does not still have similar discovery.

(2) silk gum is the thin film of attached work outside the silk quality fiber, may be so good film forming properties is arranged.

(3) film is to become a raw silk with two rhizoid matter fibers are bonding, so it possesses binding property as can be known, for natural fiber adds strong rubber, the natural performance of combined artificial material is arranged.

(4) silk gum at least can with the pigment of finding out its kind, fused naturally in long-term storage, and make color keep bright-coloured, be a kind of natural tranquilizer of colorant as can be known.

More than four characteristics if can after the filature dissolving, still can keep or gain, make this waste product be changed to the resource of China most probably, become valuable material, be of value to national economy.

Silk is made of silk gum (Sercin 25-30%) and silk quality (Fibroin 70%-75%), part silk gum water-soluble (lukewarm water) during filature, and extract raw silk out.Raw silk or its fabric, stripping silk gum (concise) forms boiled-off silk and fabric once more in hot water.

(in the water) is added into solubility promoter in the lukewarm water, as ferment, yellow soda ash, soap etc.Contain the lukewarm water of silk gum at present, go out of use more.

The real example that the weathering resistance of silk gum is sent out clumsy acquisition through archaeology reached more than 5000.(1) in the Yangshao culture ruins at the Neolithic Age, find the cocoon shell partly cut, through textual criticism, the time 5000 before 7000, silk gum is described under painstakingly protection not, its weather-proof life-span can be more than 5000 years.

(2) the people 47 years silk goods that are unearthed in Kingsoft, Zhejiang wherein have the thin,tough silk sheet, silk ribbon and silk thread, claim according to the witness, the monfil smooth surface, clear-cut texture should be the product of knitting behind the reel silk from cocoons, its life-span proves 4600～5400 years, whether this all product end explanation silk gum retains, but is difficult for molten removing according to silk gum, and the standard of living before 4000, can infer that silk gum still has part to exist, and tide over years in 5000.

Can prove that by above silk gum is the extremely strong material of a kind of confirmed weathering resistance.

The value of silk gum and pigment calligraphy and painting is to coat the color on the paper cloth, thus select fine arts material for use, essential straight and indirectly, at least without detriment to colored ink marks, and with can conserve color, pigment is highest goal.Drawing, painting and calligraphy are different again with dyeing, and the latter can adding medicine, heating, pressurization, and dyestuff is combined with paper cloth, book is painted then under the situation of normal temperature and pressure, be coated on the paper cloth surface, can not attach harmfully, or whether harmful unknown its any medicament to help its infiltration stable.So book is painted the prolonged preservation of color, be both important, Kun Nan thing again.Fortunately the book copied on silk of Mawangdui, Hunan, painting on silk reach colored drawing on the genonema fabric, have proposed this answer; Real example silk gum has the characteristic of this preciousness.

The present situation that the paper cloth historical relic is mounted: mount and use the starch based thickener, outside watt volume, warpage, hollow, the pipe, other has following five shortcomings and the big evil of paper cloth calligraphy and painting of being known as:

(1) life-span of starch based thickener must heavily mount the paper cloth calligraphy and painting far below paper cloth (comprising fabrics such as cotton, fiber crops, silk) again and again, renews thickener, and makes calligraphy and painting be subjected to damage, life-span thereby the shortening of degree difference.

(2) starch based thickener though the research of technologist in 1,100 improves, nationality seed selection, powder process, removes muscle, boils the technology of profundities such as pastes, making beating, with its adhesive force manufacturing wonderful degree extremely.But starch viscosity system is with weakening time, and the time one is long, causes the product of mounting to have to heavily mount eventually, makes calligraphy and painting impaired, life-span thereby reduction.

(3) though starch through gelatinization, its seepage force is limited, though use hard brush fluffing when mounting, makes slurry go deep into the top layer of paper and the space of fiber, only is sandwich one deck eventually.It is limited to add physical strength own, even still have clinging power, but also can decomposing, chap of the crisp starch of this thin layer itself must heavily mount calligraphy and painting, life-span thereby reduction.

(4) very easily moisture absorption of starch, (1) tackiness reduces after the moisture absorption.(2) physical strength reduces.(3) cause the wet drying shrinkage that rises, make product distortion absciss layer (4) breed bacteria of mounting, cause rotten.The life-span of straight calligraphy and painting indirectly reduces.

(5) China mounts at the calligraphy and painting of plate, and for example the wedding couplets ew Year pictures are not done the plan more than a year, and just use thickener and stick on door leaf, on the lintel post, the then modes of inlaying that adopt of senior calligraphy and painting more, floating holder is on traditional screen covering of the fan.Reason be entirely since thickener can not be for a long time and the hard plate adhere, making mounts is confined to the flexible fibre braided material.Make Chinese paintings and calligraphic works, lose a kind of longevity, anti-corrosion available cushioning material.

Over the past thousands of years, know that thickener is the big evil of paper cloth perfectly well, but also do not use the stronger tackiness agent of other clinging powers all the time instead.Its reason is arranged really.For example mix paste producing in flour with fish glue, just be used for the mounting of paper a long time ago, its clinging power is excellent, can be at lacquer painting mount paper.The made gelatin of skin, angle, bone, reticular tissue that uses animal for another example also is the tackiness agent of China tradition use, and is coated on and paints on the thin,tough silk.But all abandoned by experience in the mounting of paper cloth calligraphy and painting, reason was dark color and luster and poor durability, and indissoluble takes off, and the life-span is shorter than starch.

By above situation, as can be known at high price, need historical relic, especially the mounting of paper cloth calligraphy and painting of permanent preservation, just waiting for the long-lived better material that reaches.

The raw material of weather resistance article material, the agent of sticking work.Commodity are respectively the one-time-consumption commodity, consumer lines repeatedly, and weather resistance is produced commodity, and weather resistance is preserved commodity.Wherein the manufacturing of weather resistance commodity is many must the useful life longevity materials.

Present sticking outstanding agent, natural producer are gradually made synthetic person and are replaced for artificial, wherein have many because of its difficult decomposition, and the person that is listed in source of pollution.As P.E.P。U。P.E.T。Deng all be, the matrix material of some use jellies reinforcement also is listed in source of pollution, and row are as F.R.P.But these materials be listed in source of pollution, surpass 100 years persons its mathematic(al) expectation very less, this is because the agent of artificial sticking work is produced all in a century, and the aspect examination of simulating weather-proof aspect is surveyed in addition, its accurate scope is also many does not do the above judgement of a century.Certainly, chemical stability also often is incorporated in the deduction in life-span, but for the agent of sticking work, and it is durable two contents, and the one, the weathering of molecular structure is decomposed, and other has one to be keeping of its sticking work property (avidity).Owing to the reason of the unknown, even the former has no to change, but its sticking work property is lost or is weakened.For example glass fibre is strengthened the made plastic-steel (claiming glass reinforced plastic again) of Polyester, and generally being identified as without fail can be weather-proof 50 years, and actually rule of thumb, about 30 years, wherein the clinging power of Polyester is just seen decline and caused loose efflorescence.Demonstrate,prove matrix materials such as all general water-proof climate resisting plywood, the more clear proofs of situation.On the other hand, generally to the weather-proof ability of sticking work agent, its real also difficulty has the epigenesist at a century, and same so century-old above weather-proof sticking work just becomes the technology of a unexpected winner, the above sticking outstanding agent of weather-proof a century is is also just researched and developed by industrial community less.As for need person more than anti-thousand, one to the item that only can not ask as being expected in art circles.

The purpose of invention: the present invention's purpose is to utilize the concise silk gum that produces of filature, 1. brings out its sticking work property and 2. utilize its weathering resistance on processing procedure; 3. utilize the fused property of itself and multiple pigment; 4. utilize it can conserve the characteristic of pigment color for a long time; Exploitation becomes the starting material of a kind of natural sticking outstanding agent and weather-proof product.

The manufacture craft of silk gum is:

(1) stripping: after the steam swelling that silk cocoon is 60 ℃, can quicken its dissolving.

After the pulverizing, dissolving is obviously quickened.

24～36 hours immersion (40 ℃ of water temperatures) can make silk easily softening when heating.

Known best dissolving-out method is that 40 ℃ of water rettings 36 hours → 80 ℃ of water vapour steamed 20 minutes → 95 ℃ poach 20 minutes.

If do not add the hydrotropy material agent of tradition, then can keep its sticking work property.

(2) concentrate: colloidal sol (gel) condenses into frozen glue (jelly shape) gol) its speed becomes contravariant just to become to become with concentration with temperature, is reduced into fluid colloidal sol after the heating.

Colloidal sol is with warm between 100 ℃ of steams, or can concentrate with the low pressure evaporation, and concentration is bigger, and viscosity strengthens thereupon.

Thickening can dry and hard one-tenth solid.

Solid is difficult for moisture absorption in normal temperature, also difficult water-soluble, add water after need pulverizing, and heats to dissolving more than 80 ℃, and dissolving back sticking work property does not have apparent variation.

Freeze in the time of 0 ℃, (look concentration when freezing and split out clear water) heating becomes colloidal sol, viscosity not to have apparent variation again.

Water quality is impure, is the emulsus cohesion before the gum deposit.(hard water is right especially)

Having elutriation to go out to be dehydration during rare colloidal sol gum deposit concentrates.

(3) infiltration: paper cloth is tiled on the release plate, simultaneously is coated with silk gum at paper cloth again, another side is drenched situation, and dry and hard back paper cloth promptly manifests mercerising or forms minute surface.When the glue temperature is high, or glue spread for a long time, is on paper cloth through state, makes the similar filter paper of paper cloth, filter cloth.

The avidity of colloidal sol is strong, observes with magnifying glass, and colloidal sol holds between the space that is contained in the paper cloth fiber once being coated with just filling.

Because high infiltration and avidity, colloidal sol often is coated on outside the paper cloth fiber, becomes a skim.

(4) adhesion: 1. the adhesive force extra-heavy of pair hand papermaking, relatively poor to the paper of machine manufacturing.

2. during as cushioning material, fiber crops, the cotton manufactured goods hair that looses easily holds and contains silk gum more; And how smooth silk goods are, is difficult for containing glue, answers unsettled coating, makes implicit more silk gum.

3. the attached outstanding power to glass (comprising pottery magnetic glaze) is strong.

4. the attached work work power to stainless steel, nickel, chromium and surfacing thereof is strong.

5. little to the attached outstanding power of acrylic.

6. the silk gum film on separate-type paper, the minute surface of easy dry and hard one-tenth fragmentation should add attention.

7. adhesive force just becomes to become with gum concentration, if the material textiles of sticking work should be rare slightly, in the hope of silk gum can infiltrate really and the fiber that is covered outside.But can not be rare to sticking work property deficiency, and the space between can not the filling fiber weakens stiffening effect.If material be hardboard then glue is denseer, sticking work is better, but can not be dense to difficult evenly coating.

(5) mercerising and minute surface: silk gum is oozed by the bottom surface and drenched paper cloth face, and on the paper cloth face, be coated with silk gum, the former paper manifests the gloss of moist skin texture and little existing silk, the latter then forms a film that is covered on the paper, it is reflective to be faint minute surface, all can make skill product appearance elegance gentle and lovely, and it acts on similar spray on sale on the market (Crystal Clear-Acrylic Spray Coat), this kind spray is used in decorates the fine arts of using, but the rare senior drawing that is used in the long lifetime.Reason is that promptly the life-span of Acrylic (acryl) is a unknown number.The silk gum of long lifetime can have similar effect, will be one can support the new function of utilization.

(6) suction and warpage: mount with starch, when dry, need four limits of the product of will mounting to link closely (gluing) on drying plate with paste, in case when the universe is dry warpage.Then need not fastening four limits when mounting, only need floating being affixed on the drying plate with silk gum, smooth naturally after dry and hard, hence one can see that finished product that silk gum mounts, it is little because of the warpage that moisture absorption forms far beyond thickener.

(7) solution-off of silk gum: to being used in the sizing material of artistic products, otherwise two phase requirements are arranged, one is can its adhesion of permanent maintenance, and one takes off for can convenient dissolving getting.Mounting with Chinese paintings and calligraphic works is an example: at the beginning of mounting, just be required to be heavily to mount and be convenient to solution-off and do arrangement, the albumen (muscle) of flour must be reduced as far as possible during paste producing reducing its viscosity, its purpose is heavily to mount and prepare for washing picture.Use silk gum, owing to all use the infiltration lining of weathering resistance material and silk gum, Ying Wuxi draws the needs of heavily mounting.But must be understood, through test, silk gum is mounted product once water spray dipping, draw the heart promptly with the cushioning material absciss layer, after uncovering, it is pliable and tough pure and fresh to draw the heart.

(8) bleaching: silk gum has yellow, because of the kind of silkworm has the difference of dark line slightly, selects the appropriate to the occasion attention that adds for use.

The concentration of silk gum just becomes to become with color and luster, so suitable rare with glue should not increase yellow the time.If take sticking intensity into account, gloss, available rare glue is coated with at twice.

After using hydrogen peroxide to mix silk gum fully to stir, yellow obviously reduces.

(9) system bacterium and insect protected: silk gum is subjected to parasitism of bacterium and decomposes under suitable humiture, again as organism, also unavoidably in insect pest, so the Ying Jiafang system.

China's thickener is fried in shallow oil water modulation with the tuber of stemona, frankincense, pepper, this three kind of plant, and through looking into, the tuber of stemona has the effect of system bacterium insect protected, and pepper is like the effect of tool system bacterium not, but in Chinese medicine, its fragrance has the anthelmintic effect, and frankincense then only helps glue outstanding.These three kinds of Chinese medicines all hold test in fact through the time, do not harm permanent preservation at least, so in the choosing tuber of stemona and pepper infiltration collodion silk wherein, with the additive that is the insect protected of system bacterium.And for example find to have medicine among 31 kinds of sterilizations in the ancient tomb, Jing Zhou, if can know its kind, when selecting to be used in the silk gum.

(10) plate is mounted: because silk gum has special adhesive force to glass and metal, and glass (comprising pottery, glaze) is the longevity material, number of metal also is the extremely strong material of corrosion resistance, the silk gum that cooperates longevity, just can meet the requirement of the permanent preservation of calligraphy and painting artistic products, the method for mounting is as follows:

A, glass are mounted: glass transparent, should keep this advantage, through test of many times, design as follows:

1, glass is cleaned, covered on baking oven.

2, baking oven keeps the temperature of 35 degree.

3, the mode of paper cloth calligraphy and painting gluing has three kinds:

A, calligraphy and painting face down and are tiled on glassly, and at the backing of calligraphy and painting, the pigment that its method is used for 1. calligraphy and painting is flat, thin; 2. silk gum can see through pigment; There is glass in the mount calligraphy and painting front of back, similar glaze picture frame.

B, calligraphy and painting are tiled on the detailed catalogue lace curtaining of copying paper, and picture is downward, and backing starts lace curtaining, and counter-rotating with the work glue back side of calligraphy and painting, is rolled and is layered on the sheet glass, has got lace curtaining, are layered on the calligraphy and painting front with separate-type paper, drive bubble out of with brushing pressure.The calligraphy and painting that this kind method is suitable for is identical, but sticking outstanding on sheet glass with the back side of calligraphy and painting.

C, on sheet glass spray cloth or brushing silk gum, build up to certain thickness (thickness should cooperate concentration), calligraphy and painting faces down, and the back side is tiled on the glue, the front with mesohigh blower blow pressure calligraphy and painting makes silk gum go up paper cloth thoroughly, and displaces bubble.This kind method is applicable to the calligraphy and painting of surface irregularity.

Mount when on glass in the calligraphy and painting front, its back side other close cushion materials of can mounting again strengthening physical strength, and provide direct protection to the back side of calligraphy and painting.

Mount when on glass in B, calligraphy and painting front; Can be overleaf make with silk gum and suitable material and do not absorb water fully and airtight one deck parent pad, for example glass or metal sheet then become airtight mounting, though weight increases slightly, for valuable calligraphy and painting, should be the modes of completely newly mounting of taking into account exhibition, depositing.

C, mount in metal, in the time of on pottery and other plates:

1, the bonding plane sand milling should be formed pitted skin.

2, the method for gluing and glassy phase are together.

3, if pottery oils, then needn't sand milling.

4, if the thermal expansivity of plate surpasses " 0.1 ", and open up when depositing maximum temperature difference for ± 40 ℃, the maximum wide length of calligraphy and painting should not surpass 60cm.

The advantage of mounting with silk gum: use silk gum as follows in the specific function of paper cloth calligraphy and painting:

The fiber of A, paper cloth is wrapped among the extremely strong silk gum of weathering resistance, and is prolonged its life-span.

B, the high seepage force that utilizes silk gum and deadlocked performance make the fibrous reinforcement laminat molding, not only have strengthened physical strength, and fill up space between the paper cloth fiber with silk gum, make the many again one decks protections of fiber.Be two of brand-new function.

C, utilize the high seepage force of silk gum, the transparency, and reflective form gentle soft mercerising (gloss of silk cocoon) or reflective Artline minute surface on the calligraphy and painting face.

D, utilize the high seepage force of silk gum, the transparency is infiltrated among the calligraphy and painting pigment, or is soaked and hold in the palm under pigment, or is covered on the pigment, brings into play the special natural function of its self-restraint color, safeguards the basic value of calligraphy and painting.

E, utilize the avidity of silk gum and glass and multiple resistant metal, can develop the plate of paper cloth calligraphy and painting and mount, the weathering resistance of integral body is strengthened, and because glass transparent, and then develop airtight mounting, make mounting of paper cloth calligraphy and painting obtain a brand-new pattern and a function.

Utilize silk gum to make raw material, the tackiness agent of weather resistance article material:

A, use silk gum to be the pigment blending stock, or add material.

B, with the additive that is papermaking, paper medicine.

C, the painting and calligraphy thin,tough silk silks of infiltrating China replace habitual gelatin.

D, infiltrate the fiber crops of western drawing, cotton, painting canvas such as canvas and infiltrating in the bottoming bed material.

E, be coated with several doses that are the western drawing plate.

F, with the sealer spray that is artistic products.

G, under picture system holder one silk gum reinforcing fibre thin layer, in order to replacing

Rotten paper, cloth, sheet material.

H, with the patching material that is artwork.

The rationale of every purposes, and actual result's subitem of manufacturing use is illustrated in the back:

A, use silk gum as the blending stock of artwork pigment or add material:

No matter pigment as one of artwork is the ore deposit, plant, and the animal category, color all has more mould dark.When transferring profit to start to write, surface of pigments has the reflective of profit, and gloss still claims fresh and alive, in case the universe is saturating, color is just seen dimness, and chroma is just seen ruined falling.So the acrylic of using instead pigment person is arranged at present more.But synthetic resins, owing to produce many decades only in age, its weather resistance can't confirm, the example and the report of existing early ageing, and also become the object of repairing discussion.So few is that high-grade skill product adopt.

Because the beautiful elegance of color and luster of silk gum, and profit two is suitable, and outstanding with the water that is toning agent replacement pigment, and the oil of greasepaint, to pigment following benefit will be arranged:

1. weathering resistance increases.2. color and luster improves, and analyses the reflective Artline of light

3. the adherence of pigment improves.

Through using silk gum solution replacement water, the smart black liquid of the China ink that blending moonlight pencil company is produced.Compare with the water concocting person with pure, not only mass colour is honest and sincere because of reflective minimizing Shen work, and sends the radiance of a sample, make black, grey, white three I more see level.

In order to the blending greasepaint, then halation is appeared on the surface of greasepaint in one's mind, and than Semen Lini oil, turps also has improvement, and through trying out in the conventional pigment of the color China ink of China, more or less, color gloss all has improvement.

B, with the additive (paper medicine) that is papermaking: paper medicine (stalemate agent) and filler are all used in papermaking, and the resin of adding person is also arranged at present.1. silk gum glue the work ability because of having, the ability of the paper fiber that 2. is covered, and 3. weather-proof power, the ability of 4. conserving pigment, the 5. good sense of touch of looking is felt, 6. makes paper be difficult for the ability that song sticks up, so be good pulp additive.

C, manufacture Chinese Painting and Calligraphy thin,tough silk silks: silk such as painting and calligraphy thin,tough silk, silk fabric product, general designation is painted thin,tough silk, and gelatin commonly used now and alum coating penetrating be so that work is used look, and exempt from color and ooze and dye diffusion.Silk gum also is animal proteinum, and is similar with the composition of gelatin, both had been difficult for embrittlement, can weather-proofly live forever again, so be a kind of splendid thin,tough silk sizing material of painting.Except that the work pen is used look and gelatin is identical, and can exempt big evil of life-span without alum.It is glossy again to hold concurrently, and sense of touch is good, and is non-warping, and stiffening the grade used upward and advantage in appearance.Weather-proof beauty treatment aspect, it is clear proof that the Mawangdui is arranged again, on probation through manufacturing check sample, situation is similar to the gelatin coating person that alum is arranged.

D, mix in the painting canvas such as numb cotton duck and backing material of western drawing: infiltrate among the cloth with silk gum, can obtain following improvement

A, generation fiber add the effect of strong rubber (F.R.P), increase the cloth deflection, intensity, and elasticity, and all adjustable.

B, silk gum get up the fibers encapsulation of fabric, but secluding air and bacterium will help prolonged preservation.

C, silk gum soak into after the cloth, if can fill up the space between the fiber again, then cloth will be enclosed in the silk gum, make above effect more certain.

Rugosity at the bottom of d, the cloth cover can be by the concentration adjustment of silk gum, if the artist is willing to stand greasepaint is difficult for the coating of attached work on the silk gum face shortcoming, processing so far can no longer feel secure, directly colored drawing.

E, with the Liniment that is the western drawing plate: greasepaint and watercolor, use hardboard, plank for example, metal sheet etc.Before the drawing,, bottoming person is also arranged for improveing its stain sexuality or layout background color more.Because metal sheet is difficult for attached work, often makes picture and peel off, and silk gum comprises stainless steel and height fine aluminium to common metal that anti-corrosion long-service-life metal such as nickel has good attached outstanding power; Cooperating the long lifetime of silk gum own again, will be the best collocation material that needs long-time storage, so be splendid plate bottoming addition material and jelly.

F, with the sealer spray that is artistic products: this kind spray has six requirements:

1. good transparency and refractive index make picture beautiful.

2. reflective should be low, avoid picture to be subjected to light source to inject different reflective the influencing of angle.

3. there is not the electrostatic precipitation effect.

4. can conserve pigment.

5. do not change color and luster.

6. most important is, can solution-off.

Be silk gum and can possess these six property able one; Especially to pastel drawing, suitable spray cloth can make silk gum infiltrate in the powder enamel, and the universe is formed integral body that is difficult for shedding and the special visual effect that can not lose powder enamel.

G, under oily painting and calligraphy face, make a silk gum reinforcing fibre thin layer: the cloth of oil colour painting or plate, just need renew in hundreds of years, its end of beating during transplanting, and the greasepaint at the end is very easily cracked, pieces together the Qi reduction and has both required great effort time-consuming, cannot say for sure complete again, especially in fragment seam part, often need to mend coloured silk, and make the original painting distortion.

Because silk gum is met the easy solution-off of the water capacity, and " silk gum reinforcing fibre " is pliable and tough weather-proof, if make the greasepaint or the pallet at its end, when transplanting with whole picture by fabric swatch on solution-off uncover; Make greasepaint or and the complete decayed fabric swatch of disengaging in the end.Make replacing cloth, when the plate or the end, can reduce to minimum the damage of paintings.

The patching material of h, artistic products: comprehensive above seven kinds of new purposes, silk gum is useful in the each side relevant with the fine arts as can be known, as concocting and making paints and paper; Handle and make artistic paper cloth plate; Not only can feel secure but also can form protective layer or the like, and when repairing artwork, necessarily also can be relevant with these.Can concentrate owing to silk gum again, anticorrosion, the nature that lives forever also is qualified, the convenient weather-proof patching material of energy of holding concurrently.

With being the manufacturing raw material that glues the work agent: the sticking work property of silk gum, because of thing different, and its function is better than other materials in suitable use target, some Polyester Resin that the skill product are to use the glass fibre reinforcement that mould are for example arranged at present, the life-span of resin then leaves a question open, if use silk gum or in this resin, mix in the silk gum showroom, its sticking work property and weather-proofly keep remote.

Present synthetic jelly is used in the indoor repairing of ancient building again, and or other natural gum product weather-proof misgivings person is arranged, all can utilize the weather-proof characteristics of silk gum.Laminated glass more generally is to be jelly with synthetic resins, also can use silk gum instead.Say it according to above comprehensive study, its characteristic is as follows:

(1) weathering resistance is extremely strong.For in the water-soluble xanthan gum.

(2) the show self restraint function of pigment.And can be for a long time to more than 2000.

(3) dissolving concentrates, and preserves and does not have difficulty.

(4) seepage force is strong.

(5) adhesive force is different because of material has, and its lasting adhesive force is water-soluble

Xanthan gum the best.

(6) the soft and moist beautiful elegance of gloss.

(7) universe dry after warpage not.

(8) add behind the water solution-off easily.

(9) can bleach.Excellent transparency

(10) antiseptic insect-repelling does not have difficulty.

(11) are little to the color and luster influence of pigment.

The dry nothing difficulty of (12) universe is difficult for be full of cracks.

(13) film forming properties is strong, and the lining ability is strong.

(14) physical strength is glued non-the best.Only the stamina of intensity is what for height.

More than statement and explanation, and experimental result divide following A, B, C three that examination partly is provided.

The method of mounting and the result thereof of A, paper cloth historical relic.

The sample that B, the real work of test form.

C, can wait for the experiment reality of transfer examining and make sample.

The method that A, paper cloth historical relic are mounted:

1, mounts: get the jade version and give birth to a surname and respectively one in Taiwan cotton paper factory 274

Strong white Xuan paper back side coating silk gum, facing down is tiled on the acrylic board, the gluing again of cotton paper front, glue faces down, and is tiled on the rice paper glue face, brushes pressure, drying, finishes.

2, solution-off: be sprayed at the back side of cotton paper, soaked into 20 minutes, treat that the saturating rice paper in its river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi is degree, spraying makes and forms moisture film between inferior unable plate and rice paper again, lifts the angle and uncovers cotton paper, and solution-off is finished.

3, warpage compares: get respectively one in living a surname of beautiful version and Taiwan cotton paper factory 274, superimposed four groups in the sample that cuts out is done following processing on acrylic board.

A group: add thickener at cotton paper reverse side periphery, face up then, be tiled on the acrylic board, then rice paper is added thickener and be attached on the cotton paper.

The B group: add thickener in the cotton paper front, then rice paper being faced up is tiled on the cotton paper.

The C group: add silk gum in the cotton paper front, then rice paper being faced up is tiled on the cotton paper.

The D group: add water in the cotton paper front, then rice paper being faced up is tiled on the cotton paper.

Fountain brush presses four groups to make it be attached on the acrylic board, place and do 24 in the drying shed, hour drying back situation as follows:

The smooth B of A comes off or warpage

Also warpage D's C person of coming off does not come off that four groups of samples water spray back is given the universes again after brush repoussage on the acrylic board is flat dry for warpage, and situation is still identical.

4, silk gum stripping: the length of heat-up time and its color and luster just are and become.So the stripping temperature is suitable low; Time should lack.

Be wrapped in the outer glue of silk quality, its outer color and luster is darker, if the misgivings of cost free and operation, the glue of the initial stage stripping usefulness of can biding farewell is in addition got glue glue in passing and then can't be handled respectively during filature).The face of silk gum was lighter when the silk product were concise, if no deleterious additive can be taken.

5, bleaching: silk gum can be bleached, through trying out the oxidative bleaching method H that silk quality is commonly used ₂O ₂Test, program is as follows:

Get in silk gum packing AB two containers

A is contrast.

B adds H ₂O ₂And be stirred to color and luster and shoal limpidly, de-bubble is got beautiful version and is given birth to each stack of a surname and Taiwan cotton paper factory 274 cotton papers and be cut into two groups.

The A group adds A glue (virgin rubber), mounts on acrylic board.

The B group adds B glue (through bleaching), mounts on acrylic board.

The result: the color and luster aspect, A is darker.

B is more shallow.

Sticking work aspect A is stronger.

B a little less than, but cover few.

6, mercerising and minute surface:

1,284 Taiwan cotton paper company is made machine-processed cotton papers are cut into three, and one is stayed and does contrast.

A. one is coated with silk gum in the front, and facing down is attached on the acrylic board.

B. one is layered on the acrylic board, faces down, and is coated with silk gum overleaf, makes its infiltration a that towel is onboard attached.Result: a, minute surface light, because cockling is reflective irregular, but than right

According to paper, still bright duty is many.

B, mercerising face form, and smooth nationality, the smoothness of accumulateing of paper is than contrast

Gentle and kind graceful.

2, give birth to a surname with beautiful version and do identical operation, the result is similar, but more sees elegance.

3, silk gum soaks into the back and does not appear paper, just can present soft mercerising.If coating is too many, or paper cloth organizes sparsely, or brush is pressed too far, then silk gum is formed thin film and is formed minute surface outside the paper cloth face, so the character that should look very much material during construction is controlled suitable gum concentration and quantity, it is just right that brush is pressed, and just can obtain the mercerising or the reflective mirror of requirement.

Claims (14)

1, the utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material is characterized in that: fit up in the processing of skill product with silk gum, and the manufacturing of the artistic material of weather resistance, and with the sizing material that is artificial composite reinforced material.

2, the utilization of silk gum according to claim 1 aspect durable article material, it is characterized in that: silk gum is used for mounting and being covered of paper cloth calligraphy artwork.

3, according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: silk gum soaks holder or soaks into the pigment of artwork.

4, according to claim 2, the utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material, it is characterized in that: silk gum soaks into calligraphy and painting paper cloth and base fabric cushioning material thereof.

5, according to claim 2, the utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material is characterized in that: silk gum is formed film on the surface of skill product.

6, its purposes of silk gum according to claim 2 is characterized in that: infiltrate in silk gum before mounting, or spray fabric bacterium insect protected medicament outside it mounts product.

7, the utilization of silk gum according to claim 2 aspect durable article material is characterized in that: will hang down cloth calligraphy and painting front and be glued under the glass.

8, the utilization of silk gum according to claim 7 aspect durable article material is characterized in that: the back side of calligraphy and painting can mount gas, waterproof material.

9, the utilization of silk gum according to claim 2 aspect durable article material is characterized in that: use the adhesive paste that infiltrates silk gum.

10, the utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material is characterized in that: mix in the art painting with silk gum.

11, the utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material is characterized in that: mix with silk gum in the bottoming bed material of fine arts paper cloth.

12, the utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material is characterized in that: with silk gum or its blending product coating or infiltration paper cloth sheet material.

13, the utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material is characterized in that: use or mix silk gum in artificial composite material.

14, the utilization of silk gum aspect durable article material is characterized in that: use or mix silk gum and be sizing material in the filamentary material of the skill product of material.