CN111619896B - 操作包装机的方法 - Google Patents

操作包装机的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111619896B
CN111619896B CN202010126784.8A CN202010126784A CN111619896B CN 111619896 B CN111619896 B CN 111619896B CN 202010126784 A CN202010126784 A CN 202010126784A CN 111619896 B CN111619896 B CN 111619896B
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tool
control device
packaging machine
temperature
machine
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CN111619896A (zh
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P·布赫伯格
T·普法尔茨
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Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
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Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849—Packaging machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8167—Quick change joining tools or surfaces
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/87—Auxiliary operations or devices
    • B29C66/872—Starting or stopping procedures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/876—Maintenance or cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91212—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
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    • B65B41/12—Feeding webs from rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65B47/00—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved
    • B65B47/02—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved with means for heating the material prior to forming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B47/00—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved
    • B65B47/04—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved by application of mechanical pressure
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    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65B2051/105—Heat seal temperature control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Abstract

操作包装机的方法。包装机(1)包括具有可更换工具(31)的工作站(9、21)。集成到工具(31)中的控制装置(45)在工具(31)安装到工作站(9、21)中的状态下通过适当地向集成在工具(31)中的加热装置(35)供应电力而基于操作温度目标参数调节工具(31)的温度。工具(31)在从工作站(9、21)移除的状态下连接到外部电源(57)，并且控制装置(45)通过适当地向加热装置(35)供应由外部电源(57)提供的电力而基于预热温度目标参数来调节工具(31)的温度。

Description

操作包装机的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于包装产品的包装机的领域。
背景技术
诸如热成形包装机或托盘密封器的已知的包装机包括用于执行生产产品包装的加工步骤的工作站。例如，能够提供通过密封顶膜将填充的包装托盘或热成形到下膜带中的填充的包装托盘密封的密封站。密封站能够包括可加热的密封工具，用于通过施加热和压力来密封顶膜。包装机的工作站的另一示例是通过热成形在基膜带中成形待填充的包装托盘的成形站。
能够将例如电阻加热器形式的加热元件集成到工作站的工具中用于加热工具。为了在操作期间将工具的温度保持在适当范围内，还能够在工具中设置温度传感器，基于该传感器的输出，加热元件根据控制程序进行操作。从实践中已知，加热元件由包装机的中央机器控制装置控制。能够在包装机的控制柜中设置用于适当地向加热元件供应电流的对应的开关元件(诸如继电器)。
从DE 10 2016 125 132A1中已知在包装机的各个工作站(诸如密封站或成形站)处设置总线节点装置，在该总线节点装置中布置有已被布置在传统机器的中央控制柜中的电子器件。因此减少了中央控制柜中的空间需求。总线节点装置配置在工作站壁的外侧，以方便维护目的的访问。此外，在总线节点装置的板上还设置有用于致动工作站的工具的加热元件的电气或电子控制元件。当将工具安装在工作站中时，工具的连接(例如经由该连接为加热元件供电)与总线节点装置的连接相连。
DE 10 2016 117 834A1说明了一种密封构件，该密封构件能够使用加热导体进行加热，以生产由热塑性材料(诸如塑料膜)制成的包装。该密封构件包括被形成为安装到包装机的壳体。控制电子器件和/或功率电子器件配置在壳体内，从而能够自主地使用密封构件，因此包装机自身不必实现密封构件的控制或调节功能，因为这是通过密封构件自身实现的。包装机仅需要提供一般的能量供应以及可能的密封过程所需的特定目标变量(诸如目标温度)的定义。
已知的包装机的操作的缺点在于，在生产开始时，必须首先观察工作站中的可加热工具的加热时间。当在工具更换后恢复生产时，这种延迟特别不利。加热各个工作站中新安装的工具确实可能花费一些时间，从而延迟了生产的恢复。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种操作包装机的方法，该方法允许在工具更换之后通过简单的方式快速恢复生产。
该目的通过技术方案1的主题实现。从属技术方案提供了本发明的有利实施方式。
本发明提出了一种操作包装机的方法，包装机包括具有可更换工具的工作站。控制装置被集成到工具中。当工具安装到工作站中时，控制装置通过适当地向集成在工具中的加热装置供应电力而基于操作温度目标参数(target specification)调节工具的温度。当处于从工作站移除的状态的工具连接到外部电源时，控制装置通过适当地向加热装置供应由外部电源提供的电力而基于预热温度目标参数来调节工具的温度。
本发明允许通过控制装置基于预热温度目标参数将工具连接到外部电源而首先预热处于从工作站移除的状态的工具。如果然后将预热的工具安装到工作站中，则包装操作最优地能够直接或至少比未预热的工具更快地开工，因为操作期间所需的工具温度已经可用或至少更快达到。这避免或减少了重新启动包装机时或更换工具时操作开工的延迟。预热工具的安装需要操作热工具。然而，如果采取了适当的防护措施，并且对工具进行了适当设计，人员得到充分培训，则能够安全地操作热工具。
特别有利的是，通过集成在工具中的控制装置(在包装机的包装操作期间)基于操作温度目标参数来调节工作站中工具的温度，以及基于预热温度目标参数进行来调节工具被移除的状态下的工具的温度。因此无需为了预热工作站外部的工具而为预热器设置其自身的控制装置。相反足够的是，处于从工作站移除的状态下的工具简单地连接到外部电源，该外部电源提供用于加热装置的操作的电力和用于工具的控制装置的操作的电力。
由于控制装置集成在工具自身中，因此还能够在同一工作站中操作需要不同构造的控制装置的工具，并且能够将它们连接到相同的外部电源。集成到工具中的控制装置的构造能够分别适于工具的特性，例如适于工具中的加热装置的数量、尺寸和定位。
操作温度目标参数和/或预热温度目标参数可以是温度目标值。然而，还能够想到将工具的温度不调节到特定值，而调节到特定范围。因此，还能够将操作温度目标参数和/或预热温度目标参数形成为目标温度范围。
外部电源优选地为工具提供电加热功率，但是不提供控制或调节信号。能够通过集成到工具中的控制装置来完全控制预热。除了电加热功率之外，外部电源还能够为工具提供电源以操作控制装置。例如，外部电源能够包括具有或不具有电网供电单元(mainssupply unit)的电源线，用于连接到工具以及连接到电源插座(power outlet)。还能够想到的是，外部电源包括扩展坞(docking station)，工具能够被插入到该扩展坞中，或者工具能够被扩展到该扩展坞中。
根据优选实施方式，控制装置的预热温度目标参数由包装机的机器控制装置确定。包装机的机器控制装置特别地能够在工具从工作站移除之前将预热温度目标参数传送给工具。如果在重新安装到工作站之前对工具进行预热，则能够基于包装机的机器控制装置先前传送的预热温度目标参数来实现。这样，能够以简单的方式使预热温度目标参数适于包装机的构造。此外，无需花费太多额外时间就能够基于经由包装机的机器控制装置的包装机处的用户输入为工具指定预热温度目标参数。
还能够想到的是，预热温度目标参数能够作为预设参数、特别是“出厂(exfactory)”提供给控制装置。预热温度目标参数可以永久地储存在工具自身中。还能够以如下方式想到组合：预热温度目标参数的标准值最初能够作为预设参数使用，但是能够在工具安装在工作站中的状态下通过包装机的机器控制装置来改变。
优选地，控制装置包括存储器，预热温度目标参数(例如作为预设参数或在由包装机的机器控制装置传输之后)被储存在该存储器中。
根据优选实施方式，在将工具从工作站移除之前，控制装置特别地通过包装机的机器控制装置进入预热模式。在连接到外部电源之后，从工具移除的控制装置优选地识别出控制装置处于预热模式，并开始基于预热温度目标参数来调节工具的温度。当工具重新安装到工作站时，能够退出预热模式并通过包装机的机器控制装置进入包装操作模式，其中机器控制装置能够基于操作温度目标参数来调节工具的温度。控制装置能够优选地在首次安装在工作站中(即准“出厂”)之前已经处于预热模式。
能够想到的是，控制装置在连接到外部电源之后检测到没有与包装机的机器控制装置的通信连接，然后基于预热温度目标参数开始调节工具的温度。因此可以通过检测到缺乏与机器控制的通信连接来识别预热模式。然后机器控制装置就不必主动将工具设定为预热模式。如果将工具重新安装到工作站中并建立与机器控制装置的通信连接，则控制装置可以基于预热温度目标参数切换回调节工具的温度。
能够通过包装机的机器控制装置向控制装置指定操作温度目标参数。然而，由于工具自身包括控制装置，因此对于包装机部分而言，除了供电和可选地指定操作温度目标参数以外，没有其它绝对必要的需求。通过包装机的机器控制装置指定操作温度目标参数允许基于包装机的相应操作情况(可能还在操作期间)来调节工具的温度。然而，可替代地，还能够想到，操作温度目标参数已经被预先储存在控制装置中。
在工具安装在工作站中的状态下，控制装置能够与包装机的机器控制装置通信连接。例如，能够经由该通信连接将预热温度目标参数和/或操作温度目标参数传送到控制装置。然而，还能够想到，集成到工具中的控制装置或其它装置经由通信连接将数据发送到包装机。例如，能够想到传递工具ID。控制装置与包装机的机器控制装置之间的通信连接优选地通过通信总线系统来实现。相应的总线节点优选地集成到工具中。
原则上，工作站可以是包括待加热的工具的包装机的任何工作站。工作站优选地是包装机的密封站，并且工具是用于(特别地通过密封顶膜来)密封填充的包装的可加热密封工具。工作站还可以是例如包装机的成形站，并且工具可以是用于加热下膜带的加热板。工具特别地可以是可加热的成形冲头。
本发明优选地应用于作为热成形包装机或托盘密封器的包装机。然而，还能够想到将本发明应用于其它包装机，例如袋成形、填充和密封机。
优选地，至少一个温度传感器集成到工具中，并且控制装置使用由温度传感器提供的值来调节工具的温度。这样，能够特别精确地进行工具的温度调节。此外，调节所需的所有部件都集成到工具中。
温度传感器和控制装置能够作为联合模块集成到加热装置中。这减少了工具的制造工作量。
附图说明
以下将参照附图使用实施方式详细说明本发明，其中
图1示出了用于执行根据实施方式的方法的托盘密封器的示意性侧视图；
图2示出了用于执行根据实施方式的方法的热成形包装机的示意性侧视图；
图3示出了通过根据实施方式的安装有可加热工具的工作站的示意性截面图，其中该工作站是密封站；
图4以框图示出了根据实施方式的处于安装在工作站中的状态的工具的示意图；以及
图5以框图示出了根据实施方式的处于从工作站移除的状态的工具的示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种操作包装机1的方法。根据图1所示的示例性实施方式，包装机1可以是托盘密封器。沿着生产方向P在包装机1的机架3上连续地配置卸垛(destacking)装置5、装载轨道7和密封站9。卸垛装置5将待填充产品11的包装托盘13卸垛到图1中未示出的输送装置上。包装托盘13在装载轨道7上沿着生产方向P被输送至密封站9。包装托盘13在装载轨道7中被填充有待包装的产品11。然后，填充的包装托盘13在密封站9中通过密封顶膜15而封闭。为此，密封站9包括密封站上部9a和密封站下部9b，密封站上部9a和密封站下部9b能够沿着竖直方向彼此相对移动，以将顶膜15密封到容纳在密封站上部9a和密封站下部9b之间的包装托盘13上。包装机1包括具有用于控制包装机1的电子部件的中央机器控制装置17。机器控制装置17还可以包括显示和输入单元19(例如触摸屏显示器的形式)，操作者能够利用该显示和输入单元管理包装机1的功能，并且能够经由该显示和输入单元向用户显示有关包装机1的操作状态的信息。
本发明还适用于其它类型的包装机1。在图2中以这种示例示出的是被构造为热成形包装机的包装机1。在热成形包装机中，没有预制的包装托盘13进入生产过程。相反地，提供了成形站21，其通过热成形在从存储辊23拉出的下膜带25中形成包装托盘27。为了热成形包装托盘27，成形站21包括成形站上部21a和成形站下部21b，成形站上部21a和成形站下部21b能够相对于竖直方向彼此相对移动，以在成形站上部21a和成形站下部21b之间运行的下膜带25中形成包装托盘27。下膜带25通过未示出的传输装置沿着包装机1的生产方向P被输送。在离开成形站21之后，以复合物形式存在的包装托盘27在装载轨道7中被填充待包装的产品11。随后，将填充的包装托盘27供应到密封站9，在密封站9中，通过密封顶膜15来密封包装托盘27，类似于密封图1中的托盘密封器中的填充的包装托盘13。密封站9进而包括能够相对于彼此移动的密封站上部9a和密封站下部9b。在密封站9中将包装托盘27密封之后，将膜复合物向前输送到各个包装与复合物分离的切割站29。热成形包装机还包括用于控制包装机1的各个部件的机器控制装置17。如图1中的托盘密封器的机器控制装置17一样，机器控制装置17可以包括用于操作者进行交互的显示和输入单元19。
托盘密封器的密封站9或热成形包装机的密封站9或成形站21分别是在相应的包装过程中执行特定功能的工作站的示例。图3的示意性截面图示出了被构造为密封站的这种工作站9。然而，本发明还可以应用于作为工作站的成形站21。如上所述，工作站9、21包括能够沿着竖直方向相对于彼此移动以处理包装的工作站上部9a、21a和工作站下部9b、21b。工作站9、21包括用于处理包装的可加热工具31。在根据图3的实施方式中，工具31设置在工作站上部9a中。在工作站下部9b中设置有配合工具33，配合工具33与工具31相互作用以处理包装。然而，还能够想到在工作站下部9b中设置可加热工具31并且在工作站上部9a中存在配合工具33。在所示实施方式中，可加热工具31是密封工具，特别是密封框架。配合工具能够被形成为背衬元件，使得可加热的密封工具和配合工具沿着包装边缘相互作用以形成用于将顶膜15密封到填充的包装上的密封缝。
工具31可以被加热以便能够适当地处理包装。为此，将加热装置35集成到工具31中。在图3所示的变型中，加热装置35包括多个加热元件37。加热元件37能够特别地被形成为电阻加热元件或感应加热元件。
另外，总线节点模块39被集成到工具31中，并且在工具31安装于工作站中的状态下，总线节点模块39经由包装机1的通信总线41与包装机1的机器控制装置17通信。在工具31的安装状态下，包装机1经由电连接43向总线节点模块39额外供电。
图4以示意性框图示出了在工具31的安装状态下集成到工具31中的总线节点模块39的构造以及总线节点模块39分别集成到包装机1的整个系统中或工具31中的情况。总线节点模块39包括控制装置45，用于通过适当地向加热装置35供电来调节工具31的温度。在工具31安装到工作站9、21中的状态下，控制装置45经由通信模块47连接到通信总线41，并且由此与包装机1的机器控制装置17通信连接。控制装置45包括处理单元49和存储器51。处理单元49被构造为控制确定加热装置35的加热元件37的电力供应的开关元件53。用于加热元件37的操作的电力以及用于控制装置45的操作的电力由包装机1的电连接43提供。此外，在工具31中集成用于测量工具31的温度的至少一个温度传感器55。在所示变型中，温度传感器55还设置在总线节点模块39中。然而，还能够想到将温度传感器55集成在工具31中的其它地方。将温度传感器55的测量值提供给控制装置45。
当将工具31安装在工作站9、21中时，或当在安装有工具31的情况下启动工作站9、21时，如果尚未处于包装操作模式，则控制装置45被包装机1的机器控制装置17置于包装操作模式。在包装操作模式中，控制装置45通过适当地向加热装置35供应电力(通过适当地控制开关元件53)，基于操作温度目标参数来调节工具31的温度。这确保了将工具31的温度保持在适合处理包装的范围内。操作温度目标参数能够指定温度目标值或温度目标范围。控制装置45的操作温度目标参数优选地通过包装机1的机器控制装置17经由通信总线41传送。操作温度目标参数能够通过机器控制装置17基于存储的值和/或包装机1的操作参数自动确定或者能够通过用户输入来设定。操作温度目标参数能够至少临时地存储在控制装置45的存储器51中。
为了避免或减少在启动包装机时或在已经更换工具31(例如由于格式改变)之后恢复包装操作时因工具31的初始加热而引起的延迟，根据本发明对已经在工作站9、21外部的工具31进行预热。为此，处于从工作站9、21移除的状态的工具31连接到外部电源57。
图5以示意性框图示出了处于从工作站移除并连接至外部电源57的状态的工具31。外部电源57提供电加热功率以供应工具31中的加热装置35以及用于控制装置45的供给电压。然而，外部电源57不会提供调节或控制信号。外部电源可以包括例如具有或不具有电网供电单元的电源线，该电源线能够连接到工具31并连接到电源插座。
在预热期间对工具31的温度的控制同样通过集成到工具31中的控制装置45来实现。在将工具31从工作站9、21移除之前，包装机1的机器控制装置17使控制装置45进入预热模式，或者一旦失去经由通信总线41的与机器控制装置17的连接，则使控制装置45处于预热模式。控制装置45还可以在出厂时就处于预热模式。如果在控制装置45处于预热模式的情况下将工具31连接到外部电源57，或者控制装置45没有与机器控制装置17有效通信连接，则控制装置45识别到它处于预热模式，并且基于预热温度目标参数通过适当地向加热装置35供应外部电源57提供的电力来调节工具31的温度。预热温度目标参数能够储存在控制装置45的存储器51中。预热温度目标参数特别地能够作为预设参数存在于存储器51中。然而，还能够想到，控制装置45的预热温度目标参数在工具31安装于工作站9、21中的状态下通过包装机1的机器控制装置17预先传送并储存在存储器51中。预热温度目标参数可以由包装机1的机器控制装置17基于储存的数据和/或包装机1的操作条件自动确定，或者基于用户输入确定。
工具31优选地包括信号装置59，信号装置59由控制装置45控制以输出指示预热过程终止的信号。例如，信号装置59可以是在预热过程中闪烁并且一旦完成预热过程就连续发光的LED。
在预热过程终止之后，将工具31从外部电源57断开并安装到工作站9、21中。然后通过连接适当的插接装置将工具31连接到包装机1的电源43和通信总线41。然后，包装机1的机器控制装置17经由通信总线41使控制装置45从预热模式返回到包装操作模式，在包装操作模式中，工具31的温度基于操作温度目标参数进行调节。
由于在安装到工作站9、21中之前对工具31进行预热的事实，包装机1的操作能够理想地在安装工具31之后立即开始。

Claims (16)

1.一种操作包装机(1)的方法，所述包装机(1)包括具有可更换工具(31)的工作站(9、21)，其中，
集成到所述工具(31)中的控制装置(45)在所述工具(31)安装到所述工作站(9、21)中的状态下通过适当地向集成在所述工具(31)中的加热装置(35)供应电力而基于操作温度目标参数调节所述工具(31)的温度，
其特征在于，
所述工具(31)在从所述工作站(9、21)移除的状态下连接到外部电源(57)，并且所述控制装置(45)通过适当地向所述加热装置(35)供应由所述外部电源(57)提供的电力而基于预热温度目标参数来调节所述工具(31)的温度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述外部电源(57)向所述工具提供电加热功率，但是不提供控制或调节信号。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制装置(45)的预热温度目标参数由所述包装机(1)的机器控制装置(17)指定。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制装置(45)的预热温度目标参数可以用作预设参数。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制装置(45)包括存储器(51)，并且所述预热温度目标参数被储存在所述存储器(51)中。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在从所述工作站(9、21)移除所述工具(31)之前，通过所述包装机(1)的机器控制装置(17)使所述控制装置(45)处于预热模式，并且所述控制装置(45)在连接到所述外部电源(57)之后检测到所述控制装置(45)处于所述预热模式，并基于所述预热温度目标参数开始调节所述工具(31)的温度。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制装置(45)在连接到所述外部电源(57)之后检测到与所述包装机(1)的机器控制装置(17)没有通信连接，然后基于所述预热温度目标参数开始调节所述工具(31)的温度。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制装置(45)的操作温度目标参数由所述包装机(1)的机器控制装置(17)指定。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述工具(31)安装到所述工作站(9、21)中的状态下，所述控制装置(45)与所述包装机(1)的机器控制装置(17)通信连接。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述工作站(9、21)是密封站(9)，并且所述工具(31)是用于通过密封顶膜(15)来密封填充的包装的可加热密封工具。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述工作站(9、21)是成形站(21)，并且所述工具(31)是用于通过热成形在下膜带(25)中成形包装托盘(27)的可加热成形工具。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述包装机(1)是热成形包装机或托盘密封器。
13.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，将温度传感器(55)额外地集成到所述工具(31)中，并且所述控制装置(45)使用由所述温度传感器(55)提供的测量值来调节所述工具(31)的温度。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述温度传感器(55)和所述控制装置(45)作为联合模块集成到所述工具(31)中。
15.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制装置(45)的预热温度目标参数由所述包装机(1)的机器控制装置(17)在从所述工作站(9、21)移除所述工具(31)之前指定。
16.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制装置(45)经由通信总线系统与所述包装机(1)的机器控制装置(17)通信连接。
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