CN111615862B - Carbon nano tube heating fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon nano tube heating fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111615862B CN111615862B CN201980002219.6A CN201980002219A CN111615862B CN 111615862 B CN111615862 B CN 111615862B CN 201980002219 A CN201980002219 A CN 201980002219A CN 111615862 B CN111615862 B CN 111615862B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/441—Yarns or threads with antistatic, conductive or radiation-shielding properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/0088—Fabrics having an electronic function
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
- D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
- D10B2101/122—Nanocarbons
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Abstract
The application discloses a preparation method of a carbon nano tube heating fabric, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a carbon nanotube film from a carbon nanotube array, twisting the carbon nanotube film to prepare carbon nanotube fiber yarns, and combining a specified number of the carbon nanotube fiber yarns into a carbon nanotube fiber bundle; spinning the carbon nanotube fiber bundles to obtain carbon nanotube fabrics, or mixing and spinning the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and yarns to obtain the carbon nanotube fabrics; and arranging conductive structures on two opposite side edges of the carbon nanotube fabric, thereby obtaining the carbon nanotube heating fabric. According to the preparation method of the carbon nanotube heating fabric, the carbon nanotube heating fabric is electrified through the two opposite conductive side edges, so that the temperature of the fabric can be instantly raised, the temperature of the fabric is stable, and the carbon nanotube heating fabric can be widely applied to clothes, home textiles and any fields needing to be soft, light and thin and capable of being bent randomly to modify the heating fabric.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of carbon nanotubes, in particular to a carbon nanotube heating fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, common electric heating materials are mainly alloy electric heating materials which are made of metal alloy materials such as copper and nickel. The alloy electric heating material has longer development time, mature and stable technology, low cost and larger market share, but is not as soft as fabric, has larger self weight and certain limitation in the use process, can generate corrosion, aging, polarity weakening and other phenomena in the use process, and has certain potential safety hazard because the driving voltage is usually higher, open fire can be generated. In addition, the metal wires adopted by the alloy electric heating material have low strength and are easy to break, and particularly are easy to break when bent or wound at a certain angle, so that the application of the alloy electric heating material is limited, and the service life is short. Meanwhile, the heat generated by the alloy electric heating material made of metal is radiated outwards by common wavelength, the electric heating conversion efficiency is not high, and the energy is not saved.
Carbon nanotubes, which are the carbon materials that were first used in the field of energy storage, have a large aspect ratio and a hollow structure, resulting in a large specific surface area. In addition, the carbon nano tube has good conductivity and chemical stability, so that the carbon nano tube can provide larger cycle stability and longer service life when used for preparing the energy storage material. The current research on carbon nanotube electrode materials mainly focuses on powder, thin films and the like, and the research on carbon nanotube fabrics is less.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
One of the purposes of the embodiment of the application is as follows: the preparation method of the carbon nanotube heating fabric aims to solve the technical problems that an alloy electric heating material is poor in flexibility, low in metal wire strength, easy to break, high in potential safety hazard and low in electric heating conversion efficiency, and corrosion, aging and the like can occur in the using process.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a method for preparing a carbon nanotube heating fabric comprises the following steps:
obtaining a carbon nanotube film from a carbon nanotube array, twisting the carbon nanotube film to prepare carbon nanotube fiber yarns, and combining a specified number of the carbon nanotube fiber yarns into a carbon nanotube fiber bundle;
spinning the carbon nanotube fiber bundles to obtain carbon nanotube fabrics, or mixing and spinning the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and yarns to obtain the carbon nanotube fabrics;
and arranging conductive structures on two opposite side edges of the carbon nanotube fabric, thereby obtaining the carbon nanotube heating fabric.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining a carbon nanotube film from a carbon nanotube array and twisting the carbon nanotube film to form a carbon nanotube fiber comprises:
and drawing a carbon nanotube film with the width of 0.1-20 cm from the carbon nanotube array, and twisting and spinning the carbon nanotube film into carbon nanotube fiber yarns with the twist of 100-15000 tpm.
In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array have a length of 100 to 1000 micrometers and a diameter of 6 to 15 nanometers.
In one embodiment, the diameter of the carbon nanotube fiber filament is 7-200 microns.
In one embodiment, the carbon nanotube fiber bundle comprises 5-20 carbon nanotube fiber filaments.
In one embodiment, before weaving the carbon nanotube fiber bundles into a carbon nanotube fabric, or weaving the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and yarns into a carbon nanotube fabric, the method further comprises: and coating an insulating layer on the outer surface of the carbon nano tube fiber bundle except the two end surfaces.
In one embodiment, the material of the insulating layer is selected from: at least one of acetal paint, polyurethane paint, polyimide paint, polyester-imide paint, polyvinyl alcohol paint, epoxy resin paint and ceramic paint.
In one embodiment, the step of mixing the carbon nanotube fiber bundles with yarns and spinning the mixture to obtain the carbon nanotube fabric comprises: when the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and the yarns are arranged and spun in the same direction in a mixed manner, the number ratio of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles to the yarns is in the range of 1: (1-10).
In one embodiment, the yarn is selected from: at least one of cotton yarn, wool yarn, acrylic fiber, hollow polyester fiber and porous filament yarn.
In one embodiment, the method of textile processing comprises: weaving and knitting.
In one embodiment, the average gram weight of the carbon nanotube heating fabric is 50-200g/m2, and the thickness of the carbon nanotube heating fabric is 0.1-2 mm.
In one embodiment, when a current of 0.001-1A is applied to the carbon nanotube fiber bundle through the conductive structures on the two sides, the temperature of the carbon nanotube heating fabric rises to 40-60 ℃ within 5 seconds.
In a second aspect, a carbon nanotube heating fabric is provided, the carbon nanotube heating fabric comprises a carbon nanotube fiber bundle and a conductive side, the length of a carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is 100-1000 micrometers, the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 6-15 nanometers, and after a current of 0.001-1A is applied to the carbon nanotube fiber bundle, the temperature of the carbon nanotube heating fabric rises to 40-60 ℃ within 5 seconds.
Effects of the invention
The preparation method of the carbon nanotube heating fabric provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that: the carbon nanotube fabric is obtained by spinning carbon nanotube fiber bundles as raw materials, and then conductive structures are arranged on two opposite side edges of the carbon nanotube fabric to obtain the carbon nanotube heating fabric. The carbon nanotube fiber bundle is characterized in that a single carbon nanotube fiber yarn forming the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is directly prepared by a carbon nanotube array, a plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged along the axial direction to form the carbon nanotube fiber bundle, and the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is connected with the tubes by Van der Waals force, so that the prepared carbon nanotube fiber bundle has the advantages of excellent conductivity, high strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, long service life, difficult deformation at high temperature, light weight, small occupied space, softness, free bending and difficult generation of flying flowers in the spinning process. The carbon nanotube heating fabric prepared by the method is electrified through the two opposite conductive side edges, the temperature of the fabric can be instantly raised through small current, the temperature of the fabric is stable, and the carbon nanotube heating fabric can be widely applied to clothes, home textiles and any fields needing soft, light and thin and can be bent randomly to denaturize the heating fabric.
The carbon nanotube heating fabric provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that: the carbon nanotube heating fabric comprises the carbon nanotube fiber bundle and the conductive side edge, the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube fiber bundle has the advantages of high length-diameter ratio, excellent electrical property, high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, long service life, low mass, small occupied space and flexibility, is not easy to deform at high temperature, and can be bent at will, so that the carbon nanotube heating fabric can be rapidly heated only by extremely small current, and has the advantages of good heating stability and wide application range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of the carbon nanotube fiber prepared in example 1 of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a carbon nanotube fabric prepared in example 1 of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a carbon nanotube fabric prepared in example 2 of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a carbon nanotube fabric prepared in example 3 of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and the specific meanings of the above terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In order to explain the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions are made with reference to specific drawings and examples.
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a carbon nanotube heating fabric, which comprises the following preparation steps:
s10, obtaining a carbon nanotube film from a carbon nanotube array, twisting the carbon nanotube film to prepare carbon nanotube fiber yarns, and combining a specified number of carbon nanotube fiber yarns with carbon nanotube fiber bundles;
s20, spinning the carbon nanotube fiber bundles to obtain a carbon nanotube fabric, or mixing and spinning the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and yarns to obtain the carbon nanotube fabric;
and S30, arranging conductive structures on two opposite side edges of the carbon nanotube fabric to obtain the carbon nanotube heating fabric.
According to the preparation method of the carbon nanotube heating fabric, the carbon nanotube fiber bundles are taken as raw materials to be woven to obtain the carbon nanotube fabric, and then the conductive structures are arranged on the two opposite side edges of the carbon nanotube fabric to obtain the carbon nanotube heating fabric. The carbon nanotube fiber bundle is characterized in that a single carbon nanotube fiber yarn forming the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is directly prepared by a carbon nanotube array, a plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged along the axial direction to form the carbon nanotube fiber bundle, and the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is connected with the tubes by Van der Waals force, so that the prepared carbon nanotube fiber bundle has the advantages of excellent conductivity, high strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, long service life, difficult deformation at high temperature, light weight, small occupied space, softness, free bending and difficult generation of flying flowers in the spinning process. The carbon nanotube heating fabric prepared by the embodiment of the application is electrified through the two opposite conductive side edges, the temperature of the fabric can be instantly raised through small current, the temperature of the fabric is stable, and the carbon nanotube heating fabric can be widely applied to clothes, home textiles and any fields needing soft, light and thin and can be bent randomly to modify the heating fabric.
Specifically, in step S10, a carbon nanotube film is obtained from the carbon nanotube array and twisted to form carbon nanotube filaments, and a predetermined number of the carbon nanotube filaments are combined into a carbon nanotube fiber bundle. The carbon nanotube fiber bundle is prepared by directly preparing the carbon nanotube fiber yarns from the carbon nanotube array with high crystallinity, high purity, good verticality and good uniformity and then preparing the carbon nanotube fiber bundle, so that the prepared carbon nanotube fiber bundle has excellent conductivity, high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, long service life, low deformation resistance at high temperature, light weight, small occupied space, flexibility, random bending and difficult flying during the spinning process. And then combining the carbon nanotube fiber yarns into a carbon nanotube fiber bundle, so as to be convenient for subsequent spinning to obtain the carbon nanotube fabric.
In some embodiments, the step of obtaining a carbon nanotube film from a carbon nanotube array and twisting the carbon nanotube film to produce a carbon nanotube fiber filament comprises: and drawing a carbon nanotube film with the width of 0.1-20 cm from the carbon nanotube array, and spinning the carbon nanotube film into carbon nanotube fiber yarns under the twisting condition with the twist of 100-15000 tpm. According to the embodiment of the application, the carbon nanotube fiber yarns are reasonably controlled by reasonably controlling the film-drawing width in the carbon nanotube array, the diameter of the conventional carbon nanotube array substrate is about 8 inches generally, the maximum width of the drawable film is 20cm, but the utilization rate of the carbon nanotube array is low, and only a few meters of film can be drawn out from a disc; the smaller the width of the drawn film is, the higher the utilization rate of the carbon nanotube array is, so that the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is prepared by using a doubling mode more frequently. In addition, the carbon nanotube fiber is twisted and spun by the twist of 100-15000 tpm, under the optimal twist, the carbon nanotubes are tightly cohered, the carbon nanotubes do not seriously deform in the axial direction of the fiber, the mechanical property of the carbon nanotube fiber is excellent, and the carbon nanotube fiber is suitable for the next processing and weaving. When the twist is too large, the carbon nanotube fiber can form a spiral shape, the carbon nanotube is seriously deformed in the axial direction of the fiber due to excessive twisting, and when the fiber is stressed in the axial direction, the bearing capacity of the carbon nanotube along the axial direction of the fiber is reduced due to the deformation, so that the integral mechanical property of the carbon nanotube fiber is reduced. When the twist is too small, the carbon nanotube film is not completely twisted, and the carbon nanotube film is still in a film state in some places or the carbon nanotubes are not tightly cohered and loosened to form weak nodes, so that the carbon nanotube film is firstly broken when the fiber is stressed. In some embodiments, a carbon nanotube film having a width of 0.1 cm, 2 cm, 5cm, 8 cm, 10cm, 15 cm, 18 cm, or 20cm is drawn from a carbon nanotube array and spun into a carbon nanotube fiber filament using a twist that may be 100tpm, 1000tpm, 5000tpm, 10000tpm, or 15000 tpm.
In some embodiments, when a carbon nanotube film with a width of 5cm is pulled out from a carbon nanotube array, a disk of carbon nanotube array can pull out a film of hundreds of meters, and the utilization rate of the carbon nanotube array is high; and twisting and spinning the carbon nano tube fiber yarn with the twist of 100-15000 tpm.
In some embodiments, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array have a length of 100 to 1000 microns and a diameter of 6 to 15 nanometers. The carbon nano tubes in the carbon nano tube array in the embodiment of the application have the length of 100-1000 microns and the diameter of 6-15 nanometers, and the carbon nano tubes with high length-diameter ratio have better performances such as electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. The longer the carbon nano tube is, the smaller the tube diameter is, namely the higher the length-diameter ratio is, the higher the strength of the prepared carbon nano tube fiber is, and the better the electric and heat conducting performance is. When the length-diameter ratio of the carbon nano tubes is the same, the more the number of the carbon nano tubes is, the smaller the resistance is, the better the electric conduction and heat conduction performance is, and the heat generation of the prepared carbon nano tube fabric is quicker after the carbon nano tube fabric is electrified. In some embodiments, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array may have a length of 100 microns, 300 microns, 500 microns, 700 microns, 900 microns, or 1000 microns and a diameter of 6 nanometers, 8 nanometers, 10 nanometers, 12 nanometers, 14 nanometers, or 15 nanometers.
In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube fiber filaments have a diameter of 7 to 200 microns. In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube fiber bundle comprises 5-20 carbon nanotube fiber filaments. According to the carbon nanotube fiber bundle, 5-20 carbon nanotube fibers with the diameters of 7-200 microns are combined to form the carbon nanotube fiber bundle, the more the combined number is, the larger the cross-sectional area of the fiber bundle is, the smaller the resistance in unit length is, and the larger the current required to reach a certain temperature is. The heating temperature of the carbon nanotube heating fabric in the embodiment of the application is determined by the diameter and the number of the combined carbon nanotube fiber bundles and the current in the branch. The smaller the diameter of the carbon nano tube fiber and the smaller the number of the combined roots, the higher the temperature of the fabric under the same current. The carbon nanotube fiber bundle with the diameter of 7-200 microns effectively ensures the spinnability of the carbon nanotube fiber bundle, enables the fiber bundle to rapidly reach the preset temperature through small current, and is good in temperature stability.
In some embodiments, the twist of the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is small or zero, so that the cross section of the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is not circular due to stress extrusion and the like in the fabric, and the size of the cross section is equal to the sum of the cross sections of the plurality of fiber filaments with the diameters of 7-200 micrometers. In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube fiber filaments have a diameter of 7 microns, 20 microns, 50 microns, 100 microns, 150 microns, or 200 microns.
Specifically, in step S20, the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is spun to obtain a carbon nanotube fabric, or the carbon nanotube fiber bundle and the yarn are mixed and spun to obtain the carbon nanotube fabric. The carbon nanotube fabric can be obtained by directly adopting the carbon nanotube fiber bundle for textile treatment, and the carbon nanotube fiber bundle has the characteristics of excellent conductivity, high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, long service life, low probability of deformation at high temperature, light weight, small occupied space, flexibility, random bending, low probability of flying and the like in the textile process, so that the textile performance is excellent, the carbon nanotube fabric obtained by spinning can be rapidly heated by small current to realize heating, and the carbon nanotube fabric has the advantages of light weight, good flexibility, long service life and high safety.
In some embodiments, before weaving the carbon nanotube fiber bundles into a carbon nanotube fabric, or weaving the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and yarns into a carbon nanotube fabric, the method further comprises: and coating an insulating layer on the outer surface of the carbon nano tube fiber bundle except the two end surfaces. When the weft direction or the warp direction is completely carbon nanotube fibers, or when the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and other yarns are arranged, in order to avoid potential safety hazards caused by mutual contact of adjacent carbon nanotube fibers, the outer surfaces of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles except two end surfaces are coated with insulating materials. In some embodiments, the material of the insulating layer is selected from: at least one of acetal paint, polyurethane paint, polyimide paint, polyester-imide paint, polyvinyl alcohol paint, epoxy resin paint and ceramic paint. The insulating layer materials adopted by the embodiment of the application have good insulativity, can better prevent the contact conduction between the carbon nanotube fiber bundles when being coated and deposited on the outer surfaces of the two end surfaces of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles, and further improves the safety of the carbon nanotube fabric.
In some embodiments, the yarn is selected from: at least one of cotton yarn, wool yarn, acrylic fiber, hollow polyester fiber and porous filament yarn. The carbon nanotube fiber bundle can be mixed and spun with cotton yarn, wool yarn, acrylic fiber, hollow polyester, porous filament yarn and other yarns with good heat retention, skin-friendly feeling, comfort and heat retention of the fabric are improved, and the carbon nanotube fiber bundle can be directly used in the fields of clothes, home textiles and the like.
In some embodiments, the step of mixing the carbon nanotube fiber bundles with yarns to obtain the carbon nanotube fabric comprises: the carbon nano tube fiber bundles and the yarns are mixed, arranged and spun in the same direction, and the number ratio range of the carbon nano tube fiber bundles to the yarns is 1: (1-10), if the number ratio of the fiber bundles in the carbon nanotube fabric is too low, the arrangement interval of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles is too large, which causes uneven heating of the fabric and poor heating performance of the fabric. In some embodiments, when the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is mixed with a yarn with good heat retention property, such as cotton yarn, wool yarn, acrylic fiber, hollow polyester, porous filament yarn, and the like, and is arranged and spun in the same direction, the number ratio of the carbon nanotube fiber bundle to the yarn may be in a range of 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 1:8, or 1: 10.
In some embodiments, the method of textile processing comprises: weaving and knitting. In some embodiments, the warp or weft of the woven fabric is completely carbon nanotube fibers, as shown in fig. 4, or the carbon nanotube fibers and other yarns are arranged in a certain ratio, as shown in fig. 3; the weft knitted fabric or warp knitted fabric of the knitted fabric is completely carbon nanotube fiber, or the carbon nanotube fiber and other yarns are arranged at intervals according to a certain proportion, and the schematic diagram is shown in figure 2. The carbon nanotube fiber bundle in the embodiment of the application is applicable to various textile processes due to high strength and good mechanical property, and is flexible and convenient to process and wide in adaptability.
In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube heating fabric has an average grammage of 50-200g/m2The thickness of the carbon nano tube heating fabric is 0.1-2 mm. The average gram weight of the carbon nanotube fabric in the embodiment of the application is determined by the warp and weft density and the blended yarn density, and when the warp and weft density of the fabric is higher and the blended yarn density is higher, the gram weight of the fabric is higher. For the heating performance of the fabric, the influence of the warp and weft density and the proportion of carbon nanotube fiber bundles in the fabric is the largest, and the larger the warp and weft density is, the larger the proportion of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles in the fabric is, and the higher the heating value of the fabric is. In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube heating fabric may have an average grammage of 50g/m2，100g/m2，150g/m2Or 200g/m2The thickness of the carbon nanotube heating fabric may be 0.1 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, or 2 mm.
In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube fiber bundles in the carbon nanotube fabric have a warp and weft density in the range of 20-200 threads/10 cm and a blended yarn density in the range of 5-250 tex. Under the condition that the carbon nanotube fibers and other yarns are not changed, the density of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles in the fabric directly influences the gram weight and the thickness of the square meter, the larger the density is, the larger the gram weight and the thickness are, the more the number of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles in unit area is, the higher the heat of the fabric in unit area is, and the smaller the resistance is. In some embodiments, the warp and weft density of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles in the carbon nanotube fabric may be in a range of 20/10 cm, 50/10 cm, 100/10 cm, 150/10 cm, or 200/10 cm, and the blended yarn density may be in a range of 5tex, 10tex, 50tex, 100tex, 150tex, 200tex, or 250 tex.
Specifically, in step S30, conductive structures are disposed on two opposite sides of the carbon nanotube fabric, so as to obtain the carbon nanotube heating fabric. This application embodiment sets up electrically conductive structures such as electrically conductive silver thick liquid through the both sides limit relative at the carbon nanotube fabric, lets in the electric current to every carbon nanotube tow through electrically conductive side, can realize the whole circular telegram of carbon nanotube fabric to make the carbon nanotube fabric realize generating heat. In some embodiments, conductive silver paste is arranged on two side edges of the carbon nanotube heating fabric with the width of 50-100 cm, and the side edges made of the conductive silver paste are used for continuously and uniformly electrifying the carbon nanotube fabric, so that the fabric can rapidly heat.
In some embodiments, when a current of 0.001-1A is applied to the carbon nanotube fiber bundle through the conductive structures on the two sides, the temperature of the carbon nanotube heating fabric rises to 40-60 ℃ within 5 seconds. The carbon nanotube heating fabric disclosed by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of rapid temperature rise, stable heating and moderate temperature. In some embodiments, when the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is energized with a current of 0.001 to 1A through the conductive structures on the two side edges, the carbon nanotube fiber bundle reaches 40 to 60 ℃ within 1s, and then heat is transmitted to other yarns within 5s, so that the overall temperature of the fabric is raised, the heating fabric is generally used as an interlayer in clothing or home textiles, and when the temperature is transmitted to the surface of the clothing or home textiles, the temperature is lowered to 35 to 40 ℃ which is suitable for a human body due to heat conduction loss and the like.
The embodiment of the application also provides a carbon nanotube heating fabric, the carbon nanotube heating fabric comprises a carbon nanotube fiber bundle and a conductive side, the length of the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is 100-1000 micrometers, the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 6-15 nanometers, and after the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is electrified with 0.001-1A of current, the temperature of the carbon nanotube heating fabric rises to 40-60 ℃ within 5 seconds.
The carbon nanotube heating fabric comprises the carbon nanotube fiber bundle and the conductive side, the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube fiber bundle has high length-diameter ratio, excellent electrical property, high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, long service life, low probability of deformation at high temperature, light weight, small occupied space and flexibility, and can be bent at will, so that the carbon nanotube heating fabric can be rapidly heated up only by extremely small current, and has good heating stability and wide application range.
The carbon nanotube heating fabric of the embodiment of the present application can be prepared by the preparation method of each embodiment.
In order to make the above implementation details and operations of the present application clearly understood by those skilled in the art and to make the progress of the carbon nanotube heating fabric and the method for manufacturing the same obvious, the above technical solutions are illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
A carbon nano tube heating fabric comprises the following preparation steps:
firstly, drawing a film with the width of 7.5cm from a carbon nano tube array, twisting and spinning the film into carbon nano tube fiber yarns, wherein the twist degree is 1300 tpm;
combining 5 carbon nanotube fibers into a carbon nanotube fiber bundle, and coating a layer of flexible ceramic insulating paint on the surface of the carbon nanotube fibers;
thirdly, arranging the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and the wool yarns in a ratio of 1:2 by using a flat knitting machine, and sequentially weaving the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and the wool yarns into a knitted fabric to obtain a carbon nanotube fabric, wherein the carbon nanotube fabric is shown in figure 2, black lines are the carbon nanotube fiber bundles, and white lines are the wool yarns;
and fourthly, coating conductive silver paste on two sides of the knitted fabric to obtain the carbon nano tube heating fabric.
The carbon nanotube heating fabric of this example was subjected to a current application such that the temperature of the fabric was raised to 40 ℃ within 5 seconds when the current of each carbon nanotube fiber bundle branch was 0.05A, and the temperature distribution was uniform.
Example 2
A carbon nano tube heating fabric comprises the following preparation steps:
firstly, drawing a film with the width of 7.5cm from a carbon nano tube array, twisting and spinning the film into carbon nano tube fiber yarns, wherein the twist degree is 1300 tpm;
combining 10 carbon nanotube fibers into a carbon nanotube fiber bundle, and coating a layer of flexible ceramic insulating paint on the surface of the carbon nanotube fibers;
weaving a mixed fabric of carbon nanotube fiber bundles and cotton yarns by using a rapier loom, wherein the cotton is warp yarns, the carbon nanotube fiber bundles are weft yarns, and the carbon nanotube fabric is obtained as shown in the attached drawing 3, wherein black lines are the carbon nanotube fiber bundles, and white lines are the cotton yarns;
and fourthly, coating conductive silver paste on two sides of the knitted fabric to obtain the carbon nano tube heating fabric.
The carbon nanotube heating fabric of this example was subjected to a current application such that the temperature of the fabric was raised to 40 ℃ within 5 seconds when the current of each carbon nanotube fiber bundle branch was 0.1A, and the temperature distribution was uniform.
Example 3
A carbon nano tube heating fabric comprises the following preparation steps:
firstly, drawing a film with the width of 7.5cm from a carbon nano tube array, twisting and spinning the film into carbon nano tube fiber yarns, wherein the twist degree is 1300 tpm;
combining 10 carbon nanotube fibers into a carbon nanotube fiber bundle, and coating a layer of flexible ceramic insulating paint on the surface of the carbon nanotube fibers;
weaving carbon nanotube fiber bundles by using a rapier loom, wherein warp yarns and weft yarns are both the carbon nanotube fiber bundles, and obtaining a carbon nanotube fabric as shown in the attached figure 4;
and fourthly, coating conductive silver paste on two sides of the knitted fabric to obtain the carbon nano tube heating fabric.
The carbon nanotube heating fabric of this example was subjected to a current application such that the temperature of the fabric was raised to 60 ℃ within 5 seconds when the current of each carbon nanotube fiber bundle branch was 0.1A, and the temperature distribution was uniform.
The carbon nanotube fiber prepared in example 1 is subjected to morphology test, as shown in the morphology chart of the carbon nanotube fiber in fig. 1, under a proper twist in example 1, the carbon nanotubes are tightly cohered, the carbon nanotubes do not seriously deform in the fiber axial direction, the deformation angle of the carbon nanotube fiber is about 25 degrees, the mechanical property of the carbon nanotube fiber is excellent, and the carbon nanotube fiber is suitable for being processed and woven in the next step.
The above are merely alternative embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the carbon nanotube heating fabric is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps of:
obtaining a carbon nanotube film from a carbon nanotube array, twisting the carbon nanotube film to prepare carbon nanotube fiber yarns, and combining a specified number of the carbon nanotube fiber yarns into a carbon nanotube fiber bundle;
spinning the carbon nanotube fiber bundles to obtain carbon nanotube fabrics, or mixing and spinning the carbon nanotube fiber bundles and yarns to obtain the carbon nanotube fabrics;
arranging conductive structures on two opposite sides of the carbon nanotube fabric to obtain a carbon nanotube heating fabric;
wherein the warp and weft density range of the carbon nanotube fiber bundles in the carbon nanotube heating fabric is 20-200 pieces/10 cm, and the density range of the blended yarn is 5-250 tex;
the average gram weight of the carbon nano tube heating fabric is 50-200g/m2And the thickness of the carbon nano tube heating fabric is 0.1-2 mm;
when the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is electrified with 0.001-1A of current through the conductive structures on the two sides, the temperature of the carbon nanotube heating fabric is reduced to 35-40 ℃ within 5 seconds after the temperature of the carbon nanotube heating fabric is increased to 40-60 ℃ within 1 second;
the method comprises the following steps of mixing the carbon nanotube fiber bundles with yarns, and spinning to obtain the carbon nanotube fabric: the carbon nano tube fiber bundles and the yarns are mixed, arranged and spun in the same direction, and the number ratio range of the carbon nano tube fiber bundles to the yarns is 1: (1-10).
2. The method for preparing a carbon nanotube heating fabric according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a carbon nanotube film from a carbon nanotube array and twisting the carbon nanotube film to form a carbon nanotube fiber comprises:
and drawing a carbon nanotube film with the width of 0.1-20 cm from the carbon nanotube array, and spinning the carbon nanotube film into carbon nanotube fiber yarns under the twisting condition with the twist of 100-15000 tpm.
3. The method for preparing a carbon nanotube heating fabric according to claim 2, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array have a length of 100 to 1000 μm and a diameter of 6 to 15 nm.
4. The method for preparing the carbon nanotube heating fabric according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the carbon nanotube fiber is 7 to 200 μm.
5. The method for preparing a carbon nanotube heating fabric according to claim 4, wherein the carbon nanotube fiber bundle comprises 5 to 20 carbon nanotube fibers.
6. The method for preparing a carbon nanotube heating fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the step of weaving the carbon nanotube fiber bundles into the carbon nanotube fabric, or the step of mixing the carbon nanotube fiber bundles with yarns into the carbon nanotube fabric further comprises: and coating an insulating layer on the outer surface of the carbon nano tube fiber bundle except the two end surfaces.
7. The method for preparing a carbon nanotube heating fabric according to claim 6, wherein the insulating layer is made of a material selected from the group consisting of: at least one of acetal paint, polyurethane paint, polyimide paint, polyester-imide paint, polyvinyl alcohol paint, epoxy resin paint and ceramic paint.
8. The method of preparing a carbon nanotube heating fabric according to claim 1, wherein the yarn is selected from the group consisting of: at least one of cotton yarn, wool yarn, acrylic fiber, hollow polyester fiber and porous filament yarn.
9. The method for preparing the carbon nanotube heating fabric according to claim 8, wherein the weaving process comprises: weaving and knitting.
10. A carbon nanotube heating fabric prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the carbon nanotube heating fabric comprises a carbon nanotube fiber bundle and a conductive side, the length of carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is 100 to 1000 μm, the diameter of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube fiber bundle is 6 to 15 nm, and the temperature of the carbon nanotube heating fabric rises to 40 to 60 ℃ within 5 seconds after a current of 0.001 to 1A is applied to the carbon nanotube fiber bundle.
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