CN114279312B - High-sensitivity braided strain sensor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-sensitivity braided strain sensor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114279312B CN114279312B CN202111656409.5A CN202111656409A CN114279312B CN 114279312 B CN114279312 B CN 114279312B CN 202111656409 A CN202111656409 A CN 202111656409A CN 114279312 B CN114279312 B CN 114279312B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-sensitivity weaving strain sensor which comprises an elastic fabric substrate, conductive fibers and fabric fibers, wherein the elastic fabric substrate comprises a plurality of latex yarns, the conductive fibers are woven on the latex yarns in a reciprocating manner to form a net-shaped structure, the winding connection parts of the conductive fibers and the latex yarns are bound and fixed through the fabric fibers to enable the conductive fibers and the latex yarns to be limited and fixed, and the adjacent two strands of conductive fibers are mutually contacted or separated under the pulling of the latex yarns to cause resistance change so as to realize the measurement of strain. The weaving strain sensor has the characteristics of wide measurement range and high sensitivity, and can carry out full-range measurement on human motion signals, such as pulse beat, muscle motion, motion of human joints and the like; the performance is stable, the repeatability is good, and signals are not obviously different after 3000 times of cyclic loading; the knitted strain sensor can be washed by water; and the mass production can be realized by adopting the traditional weaving process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fabric strain sensors, in particular to a high-sensitivity weaving strain sensor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the appearance and development of flexible electronic technology has attracted global attention. The flexible large strain sensor has important application value in the aspects of intelligent wearing, medical rehabilitation, intelligent robots and the like as an important branch in a flexible electronic device.
At present, a common flexible large strain sensor is a structure in which a flexible polymer substrate (such as PDMS) and a micro-nano conductive material (such as a carbon nanotube, a silver nanowire, graphene oxide, and the like) are compounded. Such strain sensors can achieve high sensitivity (GF > 100) and a large measurement range (strain 100% or even higher), but they have some disadvantages: poor air permeability, poor heat dissipation, poor comfort caused by long-term contact with a human body and the like. The woven strain sensor has better comfort and is easier to integrate with clothes, so that the woven strain sensor is more beneficial to application in intelligent clothes. However, the existing braided strain sensor has the defects of low sensitivity, small measurement range, poor stability, water-washing incapability and the like due to the preparation process.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a high-sensitivity braided strain sensor has been devised.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-sensitivity knitted strain sensor and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the air permeability is poor, the heat dissipation is poor, the comfort degree is poor due to long-term contact with a human body, and similar fabric strain sensors are low in sensitivity and small in measurement range.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a strain sensor is woven to high sensitivity, includes elastic fabric base, conductive fiber and fabric fibre, elastic fabric base includes several latex silks, conductive fiber weaves on several the latex silks and forms network structure in reciprocating, conductive fiber and latex silks's junction is fixed so that spacing fixed between conductive fiber and the latex silks through fabric fibre bundling, and adjacent two strands of conductive fiber contact each other or keep away from under the pulling of latex silks in order to arouse resistance change to realize perception and measurement to the strain.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the latex filaments are arranged in parallel with each other.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conductive fibers are woven with a plurality of latex filaments to form a grid-like mesh structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conductive fibers are woven on the latex filaments with pre-strain.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, after the conductive fibers are woven in the pre-strained latex filaments, the common fabric fibers are used to bind the conductive fibers and the latex filaments together at the junction, so as to prevent relative slippage between the conductive fibers and the latex filaments.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, after the knitting is finished, the prestrain of the latex yarn is released to bring the conductive fibers into contact with each other.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the conductive fiber may be selected from any one of the following conductive materials, but is not limited to the following conductive materials: silver limit, copper fiber, carbon fiber and gold fiber.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fabric fiber is made of any one of the following materials, but not limited to: polyester yarn, nylon yarn and polypropylene yarn.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the sensor has a measurable strain above 50%, with a strain sensitivity coefficient of 100 or even higher.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method comprises:
s1: stretching a plurality of latex filaments which are arranged in parallel to the limit of elasticity of the latex filaments;
s2: weaving a strand of conductive fiber on the latex yarn in a reciprocating manner to form a net-shaped structure;
s3: binding the joint of the conductor fiber and the latex yarn by using fabric fiber by adopting a knitting method, and limiting and fixing the conductor fiber on the latex yarn;
s4: the pre-strain of the whole structure is released, and the net structure formed between the conductive fibers and the latex yarns shrinks, so that two adjacent strands of conductive fibers are contacted with each other.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides the following technical solutions:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with a large strain sensor with a polymer substrate, the strain sensor has the advantages of good air permeability, good heat dissipation performance, good comfort and convenience for integration with clothes, and is beneficial to application of the strain sensor in the aspect of intelligent clothes. Compared with the existing weaving strain sensor, the weaving strain sensor has high sensitivity (the sensitivity coefficient GF can reach 100 or even higher), and can carry out full-range measurement on human motion signals, such as pulse beat, muscle motion, motion of human joints and the like; the performance is stable, the repeatability is good, and signals are not obviously different after 3000 times of cyclic loading; the knitted strain sensor can be washed by water; the traditional weaving process is adopted, so that mass production can be realized; the measurement range is wide (the measurable strain range is more than 50 percent), and the large motion deformation at the human joint can be measured; the performance is stable, the repeatability is good, and signals have no obvious difference after 3000 times of cyclic loading; the knitted strain sensor can be washed by water; and the mass production can be realized by adopting the traditional weaving process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary and that other implementation drawings may be derived from the provided drawings by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a braided strain sensor provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the resistance of strain sensors braided with silver fibers of different sizes as a function of strain;
FIG. 3 is a graph of resistance versus strain for strain sensors of different widths provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 shows that 3000 times of resistance changes (under 50% strain condition) are repeatedly added and unloaded by the braided strain sensor provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a pictorial view of a woven strain sensor provided in accordance with the present invention;
the reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1. latex yarn; 2. a conductive fiber; 3. a textile fiber.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the invention provides a high-sensitivity knitted strain sensor, which includes an elastic fabric substrate, conductive fibers 2 and fabric fibers 3, the elastic fabric substrate includes a plurality of latex filaments 1, the conductive fibers 2 are knitted on the plurality of latex filaments 1 in a reciprocating manner and form a mesh structure, the joints of the conductive fibers 2 and the latex filaments 1 are bound and fixed by the fabric fibers 3 to limit and fix the conductive fibers 2 and the latex filaments 1, and two adjacent conductive fibers 2 are contacted or separated from each other under the pulling of the latex filaments 1 to cause resistance change, so as to measure strain.
When the weaving strain sensor is subjected to tensile deformation, the conductive fibers which are mutually contacted are separated, so that the resistance of the whole structure is changed, the strain is converted into an electrical signal, and the strain of a measured object can be obtained by measuring the resistance change of the structure.
In order to ensure that the resilience between the latex filaments is carried out along the parallel direction, the conductive fibers wound on the latex filaments can be mutually attached and contacted.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a plurality of latex filaments 1 are arranged in parallel with each other.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the conductive fiber 2 and the plurality of latex filaments 1 are woven to and fro to form a grid-shaped mesh structure, which facilitates the elastic connection between the conductive fiber 2 and the latex filaments 1, so that a complete loop is formed between the conductive limiting part 2 and the latex filaments 1, and further facilitates the resistance change in the strain sensor.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the conductive fiber 2 is woven on the pre-strained latex filament 1, and after the conductive fiber 2 is woven on the pre-strained latex filament 1, the common fabric fiber 3 is used to bind the conductive fiber 2 and the latex filament 1 together at the joint, so as to prevent relative slippage between the conductive fiber 2 and the latex filament 1, which facilitates the two adjacent conductive fibers 2 to move along the mutually parallel direction under the pulling of the latex filament 1, thereby facilitating the attachment of the two adjacent conductive fibers 2, and thus largely avoiding the relaxation of the strain sensor.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the sensor has a measurable strain of more than 50%, has a strain sensitivity of 100-1160, and can perform full-range measurement on human motion signals, such as pulse beat, muscle motion, motion at joints of a human body and the like; the performance is stable, the repeatability is good, and signals are not obviously different after 3000 times of cyclic loading (as shown in figure 4).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: stretching a plurality of latex filaments 1 arranged in parallel to the limit of elasticity of the latex filaments;
s2: weaving a strand of conductive fiber 2 on the latex yarn 1 in a reciprocating manner to form a mesh structure;
s3: binding the joint of the twisted wire fiber 2 and the latex wire 1 by using a fabric fiber 3 by adopting a knitting method, so that the wire fiber 2 is limited and fixed on the latex wire 1;
s4: the pre-strain of the whole structure is released, and the net structure formed between the conductive fibers 2 and the latex filaments 1 shrinks, so that two adjacent strands of conductive fibers are contacted with each other.
Example one
As shown in fig. 5, 7 latex filaments were placed in parallel with a 1.4mm spacing between the latex filaments and a 0.5mm diameter latex filament, and the latex filaments were stretched to the elastic limit (about 130%). The conductive fiber adopts 210D (D: the measurement unit of the size of the Denier fiber) silver fibers (each strand of silver fibers contains 24), the conductive fiber is woven on the prestretched latex yarn in a reciprocating mode, meanwhile, the silver fibers and the latex yarn are tightly bound together through a similar knitting method by using 150D spandex yarn, and after weaving is finished, prestrain of the whole structure is released, so that the woven strain sensor can be formed. The sensitivity coefficient (GF) of the strain sensor can reach 100, and the strain measurement range can reach 50%.
The conductive fibers in this embodiment may be made of other conductive materials according to different requirements, such as: silver fibers, copper fibers, carbon fibers, gold fibers, and the like; other materials may also be used for the textile fibers, such as: polyester yarn, nylon yarn, polypropylene yarn, etc.
Example two
As shown in fig. 5, 7 latex filaments were placed in parallel with a 1.4mm spacing between the latex filaments and a 0.5mm diameter latex filament, and the latex filaments were stretched to the elastic limit (about 130%). The conductive fiber adopts 70D (D: the measurement unit of the size of the Denier fiber) silver fibers (each strand of silver fibers contains 8 silver fibers), the conductive fiber is woven to the pre-stretched latex yarn in a reciprocating mode, meanwhile, the silver fibers and the latex yarn are tightly bound together through a similar knitting method by using 150D spandex yarn, and after weaving is finished, the pre-strain of the whole structure is released, so that the weaving strain sensor can be formed. The sensitivity coefficient (GF) of the strain sensor can reach 50, and the strain measurement range can reach 100%.
The conductive fibers in this embodiment may be made of other conductive materials according to different requirements, such as: silver fibers, copper fibers, carbon fibers, gold fibers, and the like; other materials for the textile fibers may also be used, such as: polyester yarn, nylon yarn, polypropylene yarn, etc.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 5, 7 latex filaments were placed in parallel with a 1.4mm spacing between the latex filaments and a 0.5mm diameter latex filament, and the latex filaments were stretched to the elastic limit (about 130%). The conductive fiber adopts 140D (D: measurement unit of Denier fiber size) silver fibers (each strand of silver fibers contains 16 silver fibers), the conductive fiber is woven to the pre-stretched latex yarn in a reciprocating mode, meanwhile, the silver fibers and the latex yarn are tightly bound together by using 150D spandex yarn through a similar knitting method, after weaving is finished, pre-strain of the whole structure is released, and then the woven strain sensor can be formed, wherein the sensitivity coefficient (GF) of the strain sensor can reach 100%, and the strain measurement range can reach 60%.
Example four
As shown in fig. 5, 25 latex filaments were placed in parallel with a spacing of 1.4mm between the latex filaments and a diameter of 0.5mm, and the latex filaments were stretched to the elastic limit (about 130%). The conductive fiber adopts 240D (D: the measurement unit of the size of the Denier fiber) silver fibers (each strand of silver fibers contains 24), the conductive fiber is woven on the prestretched latex yarn in a reciprocating mode, meanwhile, the silver fibers and the latex yarn are tightly bound together through a similar knitting method by using 150D spandex yarn, and after weaving is finished, prestrain of the whole structure is released, so that the woven strain sensor can be formed. The sensitivity coefficient (GF) of the strain sensor can reach 1160, and the strain measurement range can reach 50%.
The conductive fibers in this embodiment may be made of other conductive materials according to different requirements, such as: silver fibers, copper fibers, carbon fibers, gold fibers, and the like; other materials for the textile fibers may also be used, such as: polyester yarn, nylon yarn, polypropylene yarn, etc.
As shown in fig. 2, it is shown by the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment that the size of the conductive fiber affects the sensitivity coefficient and the strain measurement range of the strain sensor, and the specific relationship is that the larger the size of the conductive fiber is, the greater the sensitivity coefficient of the strain sensor is correspondingly increased; the larger the size of the conductive fibers, the correspondingly lower the strain measurement range of the strain sensor. Furthermore, as shown in fig. 3, by comparing the widths of the first and fourth examples, the wider the braided strain sensor, the higher its sensitivity without changing other parameters.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a strain sensor is woven to high sensitivity, characterized in that, includes elastic fabric base, conductive fiber (2) and fabric fibre (3), elastic fabric base includes several latex silk (1), conductive fiber (2) weave several reciprocal on latex silk (1) and form network structure, the handing-over department of conductive fiber (2) and latex silk (1) is fixed so that spacing is fixed between conductive fiber (2) and latex silk (1) through fabric fibre (3) bundling, and adjacent two strands of conductive fiber (2) contact each other or separate so as to arouse resistance change to realize the measurement to the strain under the pulling of latex silk (1).
2. A high sensitivity braided strain sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plurality of latex filaments (1) are arranged in parallel.
3. A high sensitivity braided strain sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conductive fibers (2) and the latex filaments (1) are woven in a reciprocating mode to form a grid-shaped net structure.
4. A high sensitivity braided strain sensor as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the conductive fibers (2) are woven on the pre-strained latex filaments (1).
5. A high sensitivity braided strain sensor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: after the conductive fiber (2) is woven on the pre-strained latex yarn (1), the conductive fiber (2) and the latex yarn (1) are bound together at the joint by using common fabric fiber (3), so that relative slippage between the conductive fiber (2) and the latex yarn (1) is avoided.
6. A high sensitivity braided strain sensor as claimed in claim 5, wherein: after weaving, releasing the prestrain of the latex filaments (1) to enable the conductive fibers (2) to be mutually contacted.
7. A high sensitivity braided strain sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conductive fibers (2) may be selected from any one of, but not limited to, the following conductive materials: silver fiber, copper fiber, carbon fiber, gold fiber.
8. A high sensitivity braided strain sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fabric fiber (3) is made of any one of the following materials by selection and not limitation: polyester yarn, nylon yarn and polypropylene yarn.
9. A high sensitivity braided strain sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sensor has a strain measurement range of 50% or more and a strain sensitive coefficient of 100 or more.
10. The method for preparing a high-sensitivity braided strain sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: stretching a plurality of latex filaments (1) which are arranged in parallel to the limit of the elasticity of the latex filaments;
s2: weaving a strand of conductive fiber (2) on the latex yarn (1) in a reciprocating manner to form a mesh structure;
s3: binding the joint of the conductive fiber (2) and the latex yarn (1) by using a fabric fiber (3) by adopting a knitting method, and limiting and fixing the conductive fiber (2) on the latex yarn (1);
s4: the pre-strain of the whole structure is released, and the net structure formed between the conductive fibers (2) and the latex yarns (1) shrinks, so that two adjacent conductive fibers are contacted with each other.
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