CN111615335A - 用于制备包含黑麦的食物产品的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制备包含黑麦的食物产品的方法,其包括以下步骤:制备初级食物混合物;向所述初级食物混合物中添加包含至少一种糖苷水解酶家族10(GH10)酶的组合物;并且加工所述初级食物混合物以产生所述包含黑麦的食物产品。本发明进一步提供了GH10酶、包含所述酶的组合物以及所述酶和所述组合物在制备食物产品中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备包含黑麦(rye)的食物产品的方法,其中所述方法包括以下步骤:制备初级食物混合物(primary food mixture);向所述初级食物混合物中加入包含至少一种糖苷水解酶家族10(GH10)酶的组合物;并且加工所述初级食物混合物以产生所述包含黑麦的食物产品。本发明进一步提供了GH10酶、包含所述酶的组合物以及所述酶和所述组合物在制备食物产品中的用途。
背景技术
由于对人类健康的饮食益处,包含黑麦的食物产品被广泛用于人类饮食。这样的益处是基于有利的非淀粉多糖含量,诸如高的阿拉伯木聚糖(arabinoxylan,AX)含量。然而,加工包含黑麦的初级食物混合物并通过例如烘焙来生产最终食物产品受到包含黑麦的食物混合物的粘性和生面团不稳定性的阻碍,这是由黑麦面粉无法形成可以保留气体的粘弹性蛋白质网络(诸如在小麦生面团的面筋网络中发现的)而引起的(Courtin&Delcour,2002)。这导致致密、湿润和粘性的面包屑(crumb)结构,以及导致具有致密面包屑和减小的面包体积(loaf volume)的烘焙产品。因此,高AX含量同等地是包含黑麦的食物产品的福利和祸害。
一种改良包含黑麦的生面团性质的可能方法是通过使用具有木聚糖酶活性的酶对阿拉伯木聚糖进行酶促水解。木聚糖酶增强了对不同面粉品质和加工参数的耐受性(Dervilly等人,2002)。根据它们的特异性,木聚糖酶切割AX的线性(1→4)-β-d-吡喃木糖主链的糖苷键。大多数木聚糖酶可以在糖苷水解酶(GH)家族5、7、8、10、11和43中找到(Lombard等人,2013);然而,根据Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes Database(CAZy),它们也出现在其他家族中,诸如16、51、52、62(Adelsberger等人,2004;Bouraoui等人,2016;Collins等人,2005)。木聚糖酶最突出的酶家族是GH10和GH11,它们在物理化学性质和底物特异性方面都显著不同。
尽管有时GH10酶的两个成员之间的序列相似性较低(通常在催化模块中低于氨基酸(aa)残基的30%),但家族10木聚糖酶的三维二级结构的特征在于形成碗状形状的(β/α)8桶形结构(Larson等人,2003),而GH11酶显示β-果冻角色类型的折叠。可以从序列中预测酶的这种三维结构,并且即使序列相同性非常低,蛋白质也可以具有相同的折叠。活性位点和结合底物的氨基酸残基相对相当保守,即使这些保守的氨基酸残基相对于完整的蛋白质序列而言是相当短的序列。
与家族11木聚糖酶相比,家族10木聚糖酶通常具有较高的分子量和较低的pI(Kolenová等人,2006;Collins等人,2005;Biely等人,1997)。相比于GH11木聚糖酶,GH10木聚糖酶可以将木聚糖主链切割得更接近主链修饰,诸如1,2-或1,3-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷和1,2-O-甲基-α-D-葡糖醛酸侧基(Biely等人,2016)。
通常用于增加含小麦的烘焙产品的体积的木聚糖酶主要包含在GH家族11中,而GH家族10木聚糖酶在烘焙应用中被认为是次等的(Dornez等人,2011年)。然而,GH家族11木聚糖酶不能提高由黑麦制成的烘焙产品的质量;尤其是,它们无法改良诸如面包屑结构和面包体积的特性(等人,2017)。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种用于制备包含黑麦的食物产品的方法,该方法克服了现有技术的障碍。
该目的是通过根据权利要求1的方法解决的,所述方法包括将包含至少一种GH家族10(GH10)酶的组合物添加到包含黑麦的食物产品中的步骤。令人惊讶地发现,在初级食物混合物(诸如用于烘焙的生面团)的加工期间,将家族GH10木聚糖酶添加到包含黑麦的食物产品中显著改良了生面团加工和烘焙后烘焙产品的质量。GH木聚糖酶降低生面团粘度,同时增强水结合能力,产生改良的宏观结构。当在其制备期间用GH10木聚糖酶处理时,包含黑麦的食物产品显示出较不致密的生面团结构和改良的可加工性。这导致明显的体积增加和更柔软的面包屑结构。
在一个实施方案中,所述至少一种GH10酶以选自以下的形式包含在初级食物混合物中或用于制备食物产品:细胞提取物、无细胞提取物、部分纯化的蛋白质和纯化的蛋白质。
在一个实施方案中,所述至少一种GH10酶是从微生物中分离的。
在一个实施方案中,所述至少一种GH10酶是重组酶。
在一个实施方案中,所述至少一种GH10酶包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与选自SEQ ID NO:1至6的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性并且显示半纤维素分解活性。
本发明进一步提供了具有半纤维素分解活性的GH10酶,其包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与根据SEQ ID NO 4和5的多肽或根据SEQ ID NO:6的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性。
在一个实施方案中,具有半纤维素分解活性的GH10酶包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与SEQ ID NO:4、5或6的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性。
本发明进一步涉及一种核酸分子,其包含编码根据本发明的具有半纤维素分解活性的GH10酶的核酸序列。
本发明还涉及一种宿主细胞,其表达根据本发明的具有半纤维素分解活性的GH10酶。在一个实施方案中,所述宿主细胞是大肠杆菌(E.coli)或芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)细胞。此外,本发明提供了一种产生具有半纤维素分解活性的GH10酶的方法,该方法包括在允许产生该酶的条件下培养所述宿主细胞,并从培养物中回收该酶。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了包含至少一种GH10的组合物。
本发明进一步涉及使用至少一种GH10酶生产食物产品的方法。
具体实施方式
在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明提供了一种制备包含黑麦的食物产品的方法,所述黑麦包含阿拉伯木聚糖,并且所述方法包括向所述食物产品中添加包含至少一种GH10酶的组合物的步骤。
更优选地,所述至少一种GH10酶具有半纤维素分解活性,最优选地木聚糖分解活性。
根据本发明的“半纤维素分解活性”定义为酶水解半纤维素的能力。半纤维素是可以通过对植物组织进行碱性提取而制备的多糖的通用名称。构成半纤维素的一些主要多糖是木聚糖、葡糖醛酸木聚糖、阿拉伯木聚糖、葡甘露聚糖、混联β-葡聚糖和木糖葡聚糖。通过水解活性使这些多糖解聚的酶称为半纤维素酶。木聚糖酶是属于半纤维素酶组的一类代表性酶。
根据本发明的“木聚糖酶活性”定义为酶将木聚糖的线性多糖β-1,4-木聚糖主链降解为较短寡糖的能力。特别地,根据本发明,木聚糖酶活性是指改变谷物来源中的聚合阿拉伯木聚糖含量以克服包含黑麦的产品的限制(例如致密、湿润且粘稠的面包屑结构)以及克服具有致密面包屑和降低的面包体积的烘焙产品的限制。改变阿拉伯木聚糖的微观结构会伴随生面团的宏观结构变化,这通过改变的水结合能力和以增加的生面团稳定性形式的改良的可加工性而变得明显。
根据本发明的“GH10酶”、“GH10木聚糖酶”或“家族10木聚糖酶”是指具有3维二级结构的酶,该结构特征在于,形成碗状形状的(β/α)8桶状结构(Larson等人,2003)。相反,GH11酶显示出β-果冻角色类型的折叠。活性位点和结合底物的氨基酸残基相对相当保守,即使这些保守的氨基酸残基相对于完整的蛋白质序列而言是相当短的序列。与家族11相比,家族10木聚糖酶通常具有较高的分子量和较低的pI(Kolenová等人,2006;Collins等人,2005;Biely等人,1997)。相比于GH11木聚糖酶,GH10木聚糖酶可以将木聚糖主链切割得更接近主链修饰,诸如1,2-或1,3-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷和1,2-4-O-甲基-α-D-葡糖醛酸侧基(Biely等人,2016)。将酶分类为GH家族遵循Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes Database(CAZy,http://www.cazy.org/Glycoside-Hydrolases.html)公开的标准:序列相似性和折叠相似性之间存在直接关系,并且这种分类:
(i)反映这些酶的结构特征优于其唯一的底物特异性,
(ii)有助于揭示这些酶之间的进化关系,
(iii)提供方便的工具来推导机械信息,
(iv)说明推导家庭成员身份和底物特异性之间关系的困难。
选择根据本发明的GH10酶实例
选自具有最大系统发生距离的微生物的三种GH10木聚糖酶显示了GH10酶在改变包含黑麦的食物产品混合物中的功效。木聚糖酶各自从以下获得:
·真菌界(Kingdom fungi),子囊菌门(division ascomycota),镰刀菌属(genusFusarium),轮枝镰刀菌种(species Fusarium verticilloides)
·细菌界(Kingdom bacteria),变形菌门(phylum proteobacteria),气单胞菌属(genus Aeromonas),斑点气单胞菌种(species Aeromonas punctata)
·细菌界(Kingdom bacteria),壁厚菌门(phylum firmicutes),梭菌属(genusClostridium),热纤维梭菌种(species Clostridium thermocellum),也称为Ruminiclostridium thermocellum。
尽管序列相似性低,但三维折叠以及水解方式和活性模式是保守的,如实施例中显示的结果所示:模型底物上的低活性和包含黑麦的食物产品混合物中的高改变活性。
在本发明的上下文中,“黑麦”是指通过加工黑麦谷物产生的所有产品,包括薄片、磨碎产品(诸如面粉)和由谷物产生的产品以及通过物理、化学和/或生物操作加工的所述产品。进一步地,在本发明的上下文中,“黑麦”还包括黑麦与其他谷类或加工谷物的混合物。这样的其他谷类可以选自小麦、大麦、黑小麦、二粒小麦、燕麦、玉米、小米、高粱、荞麦、藜麦(quinoa)、苋菜(amaranth)和水稻。相应黑麦混合物中的黑麦比率包括优选10%或更多,20%或更多或者30%或更多,更优选40%或更多,50%或更多或者60%或更多,最优选70%或更多或者80%或更多,尤其优选90%或更多或者95%或更多的黑麦。
所述“包含黑麦的食物产品”可以是已经被烹饪、蒸煮、挤压或以其他方式加热的食物产品。因此,本发明的方法优选包括加热步骤,其中应用了例如烘焙、蒸煮、烹饪或以其他方式的加热以生产最终食物产品。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述包含黑麦的食物产品可以是烘焙食物产品。实例是通常以条或卷形式的面包、法式棍型面包、扁平面包、皮塔饼面包、玉米饼、蛋糕、薄煎饼、饼干、小甜饼干、大馅饼皮、酥脆面包、薄脆饼干、比萨饼、萨莫萨三角饺(samosa)等。在一个实施方案中,所述包含黑麦的食物产品可以是蒸煮食物产品。实例是馒头、小圆面包或饺子。在一个实施方案中,所述包含黑麦的食物产品可以是烹饪食物产品。实例是烹饪的饺子和意大利面。在进一步的实施方案中,所述包含黑麦的食物产品可以是挤出或共挤出的食物产品。实例是棒状零食、flip、薄脆饼干、小甜饼干或谷类薄片。
在本发明方法的一个实施方案中,在包含食物产品成分的初级食物混合物的混合和/或掺和(blending)期间,加入所述包含至少一种GH10酶的组合物。还可以在食物产品成分的混合和/或掺和之前添加包含至少一种GH10酶的组合物。对于一些应用,可以在包含食物产品成分的初级食物混合物的混合和/或掺和之后添加包含至少一种GH10酶的组合物。
因此,在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,用于制备包含黑麦的食物产品的方法包括以下步骤:
·制备初级食物混合物;
·向所述初级食物混合物中加入包含至少一种GH10酶的组合物;和
·加工所述初级食物混合物以产生所述包含黑麦的食物产品,其中所述加工是利用热来处理初级食物混合物。
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备包含黑麦的产品的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:混合和/或掺和GH10酶和其他改良组合物以产生用于产生本发明的食物产品的生面团、面糊、粉末、成分的干混合物,或初级食物混合物的任何形式。
在本发明的方法和产品中添加的黑麦通常以面粉添加,但是也可以为薄片、麸皮或谷物的形式。
阿拉伯木聚糖包含在多种谷类中。下表示出了谷类的阿拉伯木聚糖含量的概述:
d.w.干重
*(Oloffs等人,1999)
**(Knudsen 2014)
在其他实施方案中,本发明的方法还可以使用另一种谷类来进行,该谷类包含阿拉伯木聚糖或混联β-葡聚糖,而不是黑麦。这样的其他谷类可以选自小麦、大麦、黑小麦、二粒小麦、燕麦、玉米、小米、高粱、荞麦、藜麦、苋菜和水稻。
适当地,本发明的初级食物混合物/或食物产品除黑麦以外还进一步包括初级和次级原料。初级原料例如选自酵母、盐、水以及结构性主要成分如其他谷类。次级原料是以一种方式或另一种方式(例如食物产品的味道或柔软度)改良生面团或最终产品的材料。在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明的初级食物混合物和/或食物产品进一步包含一种或多种食物改良剂作为次级原料,该食物改良剂选自酶、水状胶质、乳化剂、氧化剂、脂肪和脂质、调味剂、(多)糖(包括(多)糖醇)、蛋白质、盐和酸、膨发剂、乳和奶酪产品以及其他食物添加剂或它们的混合物。
所述食物改良剂可以改良初级食物混合物的加工或食物产品的性质,诸如体积、质地、微结构、营养价值、耐受性、可消化性、稳定性、味道、气味、保质期等。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的酶的非排他性实例选自α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶、麦芽糖淀粉酶、蛋白酶、其他木聚糖酶、阿拉伯呋喃糖酶、麦芽四糖水解酶、葡萄糖氧化酶、氧化还原酶、葡聚糖酶、纤维素酶、转谷酰胺酶、异构酶、脂肪酶、磷脂酶、脂氧合酶(Iipooxygenase)、果胶酶或它们的混合物。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的水状胶质的非排他性实例选自黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、甲基纤维素(MC)和羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、阿拉伯胶、刺槐豆胶和塔拉胶、魔芋甘露聚糖、黄蓍胶、果胶、明胶和角叉菜胶。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的乳化剂的非排他性实例选自卵磷脂E322、单甘油酯E471、DATEM E472e、ACETEM E472a、LACTEM E472b、SSL E481、CSL E482、聚甘油酯E475和丙二醇酯E477。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的氧化剂和还原剂的非排他性实例选自偶氮二甲酸酰胺、抗坏血酸、碘酸钾、碘酸钙、溴酸钾、谷胱甘肽和半胱氨酸。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的脂肪和脂质的非排他性实例选自ω-3脂肪酸、动物脂肪(例如黄油或猪油)、植物油或脂肪酸的单甘油酯和二甘油酯。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的调味剂的非排他性实例公开在目前有>2500个条目的European Food Safety Authority(EFSA)的EU Lists of Flavourings database中(参见https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/foods_system/main/?event=substances.search&;amp;substances.sort.by=substanceName&;amp;substances.sort.order=DE SC&;amp;substances.pagination=1)。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的(多)糖和(多)糖醇的非排他性实例选自淀粉、纤维素、半纤维素、聚葡萄糖、环糊精、麦芽糊精、菊粉、β-葡聚糖、果胶、欧车前果壳粘液,半乳甘露聚糖或树胶、葡甘露聚糖或魔芋胶、阿卡胶(阿拉伯胶)、梧桐树胶、黄芪胶、胶凝糖、黄原胶、琼脂、藻酸盐、角叉菜胶、几丁质和壳聚糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、右旋糖、乳糖、麦芽糖和赤藓糖醇。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的蛋白质的非排他性实例选自源自谷类和假谷物的面筋蛋白质、大豆粉、动物蛋白质和昆虫蛋白质。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的盐和酸的非排他性实例选自碳酸钙E170、山梨酸E200、山梨酸钾E202、山梨酸钙E203、乙酸E260、乙酸钠E262、乙酸钙E263、乳酸E270、丙酸E280、丙酸钙E282、抗坏血酸E300、卵磷脂E322、柠檬酸E330、柠檬酸钠E331、柠檬酸钾E332、柠檬酸钙E333、正磷酸钙E341、二磷酸E450和硫酸钙E516。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的膨发剂的非排他性实例选自碳酸氢盐、磷酸单钙、焦磷酸二钠、磷酸铝钠、烘焙酵母和酸面团。
可以作为食物改良剂添加的乳和奶酪产品的非排他性实例选自乳粉、酪乳粉、低脂乳粉、酸奶粉、凝乳干酪粉和乳蛋白质。
GH10酶以选自以下的形式可以添加到初级食物混合物或食物产品中:细胞提取物、无细胞提取物、部分纯化的蛋白质和纯化的蛋白质。
而且,取决于用途和/或应用方式和/或施用方式,可以将GH10酶以溶液形式或作为固体添加至初级食物混合物或食物产品中。固体形式可以为干酶粉末或颗粒状酶。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种用于添加到初级食物混合物或食物产品中的酶组合物,所述组合物包含至少一种GH10酶和任选地至少一种配制剂、赋形剂、稳定剂和/或防腐剂。该制剂可以是液体制剂(诸如溶液)、或干燥制剂(诸如粉末或颗粒)。
液体酶制剂例如选自甘油或水。
在一实施方案中,酶组合物包含稳定剂。不限于这些实例,稳定剂可以选自:
·盐,诸如氯化钠、氯化镁、硫酸钠和硫酸钾,
·小溶质,如ectoine,
·氨基酸或蛋白质,诸如组氨酸、甘氨酸、精氨酸或BSA,
·多元醇、聚合物和(多)糖,例如淀粉、寡糖、麦芽糊精、海藻糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、纤维二糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、山梨糖醇、右旋糖酐或PEG;
·表面活性剂诸如明胶、泊洛沙姆Brij、辛基-吡喃葡萄糖苷、棕榈酸、二棕榈酰基磷脂酰胆碱、羟丙基-环糊精、聚山梨酯20或聚山梨酯80,
·抗氧化剂,诸如DTT、EDTA、THPP和巯基乙醇,
·聚阳离子,例如聚乙烯亚胺,和
·聚阴离子,诸如聚丙烯酸。
在另一实施方案中,酶组合物包含防腐剂。防腐剂例如为对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、苯甲酸酯、山梨酸酯或其他食品认可的防腐剂或它们的混合物。
在又一个实施方案中,酶组合物包含至少一种选自膨胀剂、填充剂、粘合剂、风味掩蔽剂、苦味阻滞剂和活性增强剂的其他物质。
适当地,用于要添加到初级食物混合物或食物产品中的酶组合物中的所有物质都以食品级使用。
用于本发明的方法中的GH10酶可以得自任何属或种的微生物。出于本发明的目的,如本文使用的与给定来源相关的术语“得自”应当意指由核苷酸序列编码的多肽是由该来源产生的或由其中已经插入来自该来源的核苷酸序列的菌株产生的。本发明的酶可以在细胞外产生或可以在细胞内产生。在优选的实施方案中,得自给定来源的多肽被分泌到细胞外。因此,用于本发明的方法的GH10酶可以由天然的、重组的或合成的基因/多核苷酸序列产生。
用于本发明的方法中的GH10酶可以来自细菌来源。例如,GH10酶可以得自革兰氏阳性细菌的属,诸如芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、乳球菌属(Lactococcus)、梭菌属(Clostridium)、Herbinix属、Herivorax属、地芽孢杆菌属(Geobacillus)或大洋芽孢杆菌属(Oceanobacillus);或得自革兰氏阴性细菌的属,诸如气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、纤维弧菌属(Cellovibrio)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)、杜檊氏菌属(Duganella)、孢杆菌属(Cytobacter)、埃希氏菌属(Escherichia)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、堆囊菌属(Sorangium)、科尔韦尔氏菌属(Colwellia)、弯曲菌属(Campylobacter)、螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)、梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)、热袍菌属(Thermotoga)、泥杆菌属(Ilyobacter)、奈瑟氏菌属(Neisseria)或尿素支原体(Ureaplasma)。
在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明方法中使用的GH10酶得自一组细菌,该组细菌包括以下物种:阿氏梭状杆菌(Clostridium aldrichii)、碱纤维梭菌(Clostridiumalkalicellulosi)、污泥梭菌(Clostridium caenicola)、产纤维二糖梭菌(Clostridiumcellobioparum)、解纤维梭菌(Clostridium cellulolyticum)、高纤维梭状芽孢杆菌(Clostridium cellulosi)、木质纤维素降解菌(Clostridium clariflavum)、亨氏梭菌(Clostridium hungatei)、约氏梭菌(Clostridium josui)、柔嫩梭菌(Clostridiumleptum)、甲基戊酸梭菌(Clostridium methylpentosum)、溶纸梭菌(Clostridiumpapyrosolvens)、Clostridium sporospaeroides、粪堆梭菌(Clostridiumstercorarium)、Clostridium straminosolvens、黄色梭菌(Clostridium sufflavum)、白蚁梭菌(Clostridium termitidis)、琥珀酸嗜热梭菌(Clostridiumthermosuccinogenes)、绿色梭菌(Clostridium viride)或热纤维梭菌(Clostridiumthermocellum)、Herbinix hemicellulosilytica、哈尔滨毛螺菌(Herbinix luporum)和Herbivorax saccincola。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,用于本发明的方法中的GH10酶得自一组细菌,该组细菌包括:豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae)、Tolumonas lignilytica、耐冷假单胞菌(Pseudomonas psychrotolerans)、Cellvibrio japonicus、混合纤维弧菌(Cellvibriomixtus)、日本希瓦氏菌(Shewanella japonica)、耐冷假单胞菌(Pseudomonaspsychrotolerans)、栖稻假单胞菌(Pseudomonas oryzihabitans)、假别单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas atlantica)、纤维堆囊菌(Sorangium cellulosum)和深棕色孢囊杆菌(Cystobacter ferrugineus).
在另一个优选的实施方案中,GH10酶得自一组细菌,该组细菌包括不产色链霉菌(Streptomyces achromogenes)、阿维链霉菌(Streptomyces avermitilis)、奇异链霉菌(Streptomyces mirabilis)、透明质酸酶链霉菌(Streptomyces hyaluromycini)、天蓝色链霉菌(Streptomyces coelicolor)、灰色链霉菌(Streptomyces griseus)和变铅青链霉菌(Streptomyces lividans)。
用于本发明的方法的GH10酶还可以是真菌多肽,更优选酵母多肽,诸如来自包含在以下组中的酵母属:假丝酵母属(Candida)、克鲁维酵母属(Kluyveromyces)、毕赤酵母属(Pichia)、酵母菌属(Saccharomyces)、裂殖酵母属(Schizosaccharomyces)和亚罗酵母属(Yarrowia);或更优选地来自包含在以下组中的丝状真菌属:枝顶孢霉属(Acremonium)、伞菌属(Agaricus)、链格孢属(Alternaria)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、短梗霉属(Aureobasidium)、葡萄座腔菌属(Botryospaeria)、拟腊菌属(Ceriporiopsis)、毛壳属(Chaetomidium)、金孢子菌属(Chrysosporium)、麦角菌属(Claviceps)、旋孢腔菌属(Cochliobolus)、拟鬼伞属(Coprinopsis)、家白蚁属(Coptotermes)、棒囊壳属(Corynascus)、隐丛壳属(Cryphonectria)、隐球菌属(Cryptococcus)、色二孢属(Diplodia)、黑耳属(Exidia)、Filibasidium、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)、赤霉菌属(Gibberella)、全鞭毛虫属(Holomastigotoides)、腐质霉属(Humicola)、肉座菌属(Hypocrea)、耙齿菌属(Irpex)、香菇属(Lentinula)、小腔球菌属(Leptospaeria)、梨孢菌属(Magnaporthe)、黑果菌属(Melanocarpus)、亚灰树花菌属(Meripilus)、毛霉属(Mucor)、毁丝霉属(Myceliophthora)、新美鞭菌属(Neocallimastix)、链孢菌属(Neurospora)、拟青霉属(Paecilomyces)、青霉菌属(Penicillium)、平革菌属(Phanerochaete)、瘤胃壶菌属(Piromyces)、Poitrasia、假黑盘菌属(Pseudoplectania)、假披发虫属(Pseudotrichonympha)、根毛霉菌属(Rhizomucor)、裂褶菌属(Schizophyllum)、柱顶孢属(Scytalidium)、篮状菌属(Talaromyces)、嗜热子囊菌属(Thermoascus)、梭孢壳霉属(Thielavia)、弯颈霉属(Tolypocladium)、木霉属(Trichoderma)、长毛盘菌属(Trichophaea)、轮枝孢属(Verticillium)、小包脚菇属(Volvariella)和炭角菌属(Xylaria)。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明的方法中使用的GH10酶得自包含以下的酵母的组:卡氏酵母(Saccharomyces carlsbergensis)、酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)、糖化酵母(Saccharomyces diastaticus)、道格拉斯酵母(Saccharomyces douglasii)、克氏酵母(Saccharomyces kluyveri)、诺地酵母(Saccharomyces norbensis)和卵形酵母(Saccharomyces oviformis).
在另一个优选的实施方案中,用于本发明的方法的GH10酶得自包括以下的真菌的组:解纤维枝顶孢霉(Acremonium cellulolyticus)、棘孢曲霉(Aspergillus aculeatus)、泡盛曲霉(Aspergillus awamori)、烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)、臭曲霉(Aspergillus foetidus)、日本曲霉(Aspergillus japonicus)、构巢曲霉(Aspergillusnidulans)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)、嗜角质金孢子菌(Chrysosporium keratinophilum)、Chrysosporium lucknowense、热带金孢子菌(Chrysosporium tropicum)、Chrysosporiummerdarium、狭边金孢子菌(Chrysosporiuminops)、毡金孢子菌(Chrysosporium pannicola)、昆士兰金孢子菌(Chrysosporiumqueenslandicum)、带纹金孢子菌(Chrysosporium zonatum)、燕麦镰孢(Fusariumavenaceum)、杆孢状镰孢(Fusarium bactridioides)、禾谷镰孢(Fusarium cerealis)、共享镰孢菌(Fusariumcommune)、库威镰孢(Fusarium crookwellense)、黄色镰孢菌(Fusariumculmorum)、Fusarium fujikori、禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum)、禾赤镰孢(Fusarium graminum)、异孢镰孢(Fusarium heterosporum)、杧果畸形病病原菌(Fusarium mangiferae)、合欢木镰孢(Fusarium negundi)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusariumoxysporum)、层出镰孢菌(Fusarium proliferatum)、多枝镰孢(Fusarium reticulatum)、粉红镰孢(Fusarium roseum)、接骨木镰孢(Fusarium sambucinum)、肤色镰孢(Fusariumsarcochroum)、拟枝孢镰孢(Fusarium sporotrichioides)、硫色镰刀菌(Fusariumsulphureum)、圆镰孢(Fusarium torulosum)、拟丝孢镰孢(Fusarium trichothecioides)、镶片镰孢(Fusarium venenatum)、轮枝镰刀菌(Fusarium verticilloides)、灰腐质霉(Humicola grisea)、特异腐质霉(Humicola insolens)、柔毛腐质霉(Humicolalanuginosa)、乳白粑齿菌(Irpex lacteus)、米黑毛霉(Mucor miehei)、嗜热毁丝霉(Myceliophthora thermophila)、粗糙脉孢菌(Neurospora crassa)、绳状青霉(Penicillium funiculosum)、产紫青霉(Penicillium purpurogenum)、黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)、解纤维篮状菌(Talaromyces cellulolyticus)、嗜热子囊菌(Thermoascus aurantiacus)、无色梭孢壳(Thielavia achromatica)、成层梭孢壳(Thielavia albomyces)、白毛梭孢壳(Thielavia albopilosa)、澳洲梭孢壳(Thielaviaaustraleinsis)、粪梭孢壳(Thielavia fimeti)、小孢梭孢壳(Thielavia microspora)、卵孢梭孢壳(Thielavia ovispora)、秘鲁梭孢壳(Thielavia peruviana)、瘤孢梭孢壳(Thielavia spededonium)、毛梭孢壳(Thielavia setosa)、耐热梭孢壳(Thielaviasubthermophila)、土生梭孢壳(Thielavia terrestris)、变色栓菌(Trametesversicolor)、哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)、康宁木霉(Trichoderma koningii)、长枝木霉(Trichoderma longibrachiatum)、里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)或绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)。
将理解的是,对于以上提到的属和种,本发明涵盖完美和不完美的状态以及其他分类学等价物,例如无性型,而不管它们已知的物种名称。本领域的技术人员将容易识别合适等价物的本体。
这些物种的菌株在许多培养物保藏中心可以为公众所获得,诸如美国典型培养物保藏中心(American Type Culture Collection,ATCC)、德国微生物菌种保藏中心(Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH,DSMZ)、荷兰微生物菌种保藏中心(Centraalbureau\/oor Schimmelcultures,CBS)和Agricultural ResearchService Patent Culture Collection,Northern Regional Research Center(NRRL)。
此外,这样的多肽可以从其他来源包括从自然界(例如,土壤、堆肥、水等)分离的微生物中鉴定与获得。从天然生长环境中分离微生物的技术是本领域所熟知的。此外,可以通过DNA文库的活性筛选来分离这些多肽的基因,该DNA文库是通过在合适的表达宿主如大肠杆菌(E.coli)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)或嗜热栖热菌(Thermusthermophilus)中克隆片段化的宏基因组DNA而制备的。宏基因组文库的筛选是获得新酶基因的最新技术状况。然后可以通过类似地筛选这种微生物或环境样品的基因组或cDNA文库获得多核苷酸。一旦用合适的(一个或多个)探针检测到编码多肽的多核苷酸,就可以通过使用本领域普通技术人员熟知的技术分离或克隆该多核苷酸(参见例如,Sambrook等人,1989)。
在一个优选的实施方案中,在本发明的方法中使用的GH10酶具有木聚糖酶和/或β-葡聚糖酶活性。更优选地,在本发明的方法中使用的GH10酶改变半纤维素成分的含量。GH10酶更改阿拉伯木聚糖含量以克服包含黑麦的产品的限制(例如致密、湿润且粘稠的面包屑结构)以及具有致密面包屑和降低的面包体积的烘焙产品的限制。在一个实施方案中,更改阿拉伯木聚糖含量是指改变阿拉伯木聚糖的含量。在另一个实施方案中,更改阿拉伯木聚糖含量意味着使食物体系的微结构变化,产生蛋白质的改良水结合能力和互连性(等人,2015)。考虑到出现的流变变化,可以改良生面团和面包性质。
在进一步的实施方案中,本发明提供了包含黑麦面粉以及至少一种GH10酶的初级食物混合物。
在进一步的实施方案中,本发明提供了包含黑麦面粉以及至少一种GH10酶的食物产品。
以上描述的用于该方法的优点和有利的实施方案同样适用于本发明的初级食物混合物和食物产品,因此应在上文中提及。
初级食物混合物可包含其他生面团改良添加剂和/或面包改良添加剂,例如上述任何添加剂。
本发明进一步提供了具有SEQ ID NO 1至6的推定氨基酸序列的多肽,以及这些多肽的片段、类似物和衍生物。当提及SEQ ID NO 1至6的多肽时,术语“片段”、“衍生物”和“类似物”是指保留与木聚糖酶基本相同的生物学功能或活性的多肽。例如,类似物可包括原蛋白(proprotein),其可通过切割原蛋白而活化以产生活性成熟蛋白。
本发明的多肽可以是重组多肽、天然多肽或合成多肽。SEQ ID NO 4至6的多肽的片段、衍生物或类似物可以是(i)其中一个或多个氨基酸残基被保守或非保守氨基酸残基(优选保守氨基酸)取代并且该取代的氨基酸残基可以是或不是由遗传密码编码的一种片段、衍生物或类似物,或(ii)其中一个或多个氨基酸残基包含取代基团的一种片段、衍生物或类似物,或(iii)其中另外的氨基酸与成熟蛋白融合的一种片段、衍生物或类似物,诸如前导序列或分泌序列,或用于纯化、或用于成熟多肽的底物或复合物结合的序列,或原蛋白序列。这些片段、衍生物和类似物被认为在本领域技术人员根据本文的教导为基础所提供的范围内。
本发明的多肽包括SEQ ID NO 4至6的多肽,以及与SEQ ID NO 4至6的多肽具有至少75%的相似性(例如,优选至少50%;并且优选至少70%的相同性),更优选地与SEQ IDNO 4至6的多肽具有至少85%的相似性(例如,优选至少70%的相同性),并且最优选与SEQID NO 4至6的多肽具有至少95%的相似性(例如优选至少90%的相同性)的多肽。此外,它们应优选包括含有至少30个氨基酸、更优选至少50个氨基酸的序列的此类多肽的精确部分。
本发明的多肽的片段或部分可以用作通过肽合成产生相应全长多肽的中间体。本发明的多核苷酸的片段或者部分可用于合成本发明的全长多核苷酸。
在一个优选的实施方案中,所述GH10酶包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与选自SEQ ID NO 1至6的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性并且显示木聚糖酶活性。
SEQ ID NO:1:GH10(热纤维梭菌)WT
SEQ ID NO:2:GH10(轮枝镰刀菌)WT
SEQ ID NO:3:GH10(斑点气单胞菌)WT
SEQ ID NO:4:GH10(热纤维梭菌)无CBM
SEQ ID NO:5:GH10(热纤维梭菌)无doc
SEQ ID NO:6:GH10(热纤维梭菌)无doc/CBM
在一个更优选的实施方案中,所述具有木聚糖酶活性的GH10酶包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与根据SEQ ID NO.4的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性,前提条件是GH10酶不是SEQ ID NO:1、2的多肽或SEQ ID NO:3的多肽。
在又一个更优选的实施方案中,所述GH10酶包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与SEQ ID NO:4至6的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中,所述GH10酶包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与SEQ ID NO:4的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性,其中在所述GH10酶中,CBM被缺失,这导致酶活性提高了4倍。
在进一步的特别优选的实施方案中,所述GH10酶包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与SEQ ID NO:5的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性,其中在所述GH10酶中,dockerin模块被缺失,这导致酶活性提高了4倍。
在进一步的特别优选的实施方案中,所述GH10酶包含多肽,基本上由多肽组成或由多肽组成,该多肽与SEQ ID NO:6的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性,其中在所述GH10酶中,CBM和dockerin模块被缺失,这导致酶活性提高了8倍。
根据本发明优选的是SEQ ID NO:1-3中任一项的GH10酶,其在酸性pH,优选在3.5至6.5的范围内,优选在3.5至6.0的范围内,更优选在3.5至5.5或在3.5至5.0,最优选在3.5至4.5的范围内,诸如4.3,显示出最佳的酶活性,特别是木聚糖酶活性。
这样的酶特别适合用于本发明的初级食物混合物的加工中,该初级食物混合物被热处理以形成最终食物产品。本发明提供的GH10酶仍显示出足够的木聚糖酶活性以同样在较高温度下改变包含黑麦的生面团的阿拉伯木聚糖含量或链长。在酸性范围内的最佳pH值例如在酸性生面团的加工中也是有利的。
本发明的方法和GH10酶的优点在于,例如其导致生面团改良,特别是包含黑麦的生面团。生面团改良是指改良生面团加工和/或改良最终食物产品的质量,使得最终食物产品显示出较不致密的结构、增加的柔软性,体积增加和/或较软的面包屑结构,例如稳定性增加、生面团耐延展性降低、粘性降低。
优选地,当与不用本发明的GH10酶加工的生面团相比时,用本发明的GH10酶实现在115%和225%的范围内,优选至少115%、130%或145%,更优选160%、175%或190%,最优选205%、220%或225%的范围内的生面团稳定性增加。
优选地,当与不用本发明的GH10酶加工的生面团相比时,用本发明的GH10酶实现在9%和30%的范围内,优选至少9%、12%或15%,更优选18%、21%或24%,最优选27%或30%的范围内的生面团耐延展性降低。
优选地,当与不用本发明的GH10酶加工的生面团相比时,用本发明的GH10酶实现在8%和18%的范围内,优选至少8%、9%或10%,更优选11%、12%、13%或14%,最优选15%、16%、17%或18%的生面团粘性降低。
优选地,当与不用本发明的GH10酶加工的生面团相比时,用本发明的GH10酶实现18%和49%的范围内,优选至少8%、13%或18%,更优选23%、28%或33%,最优选38%、43%或49%的范围内的面包屑硬度降低。
优选地,当与不用本发明的GH10酶加工的生面团相比时,用本发明的GH10酶实现在108%和122%的范围内,优选至少108%、109%、110%、111%或112%,更优选113%、114%、115%、116%或117%,最优选118%、119%、120%、121%或122%的范围内的体积增加。
本发明进一步涉及一种核酸分子,其包含编码根据本发明的GH10酶的核酸序列,特别是编码选自SEQ ID NO 4至6的氨基酸序列。
本发明的“多核苷酸”或者“核酸”可以为RNA的形式或者DNA的形式;DNA应理解为包括cDNA、基因组DNA、重组DNA和合成DNA。DNA可以是双链或单链,并且如果是单链,则可以是编码链或非编码(反义)链。由于遗传密码的冗余或简并性或单核苷酸多态性,编码该多肽的编码序列可以与SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6所示的多肽的编码序列相同,或者可以是编码相同多肽的不同编码序列。例如,它也可以是RNA转录物,该转录物包括SEQID NO:4至6中任一个的多肽的编码序列的全长。在一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的“多核苷酸”是SEQ ID NO 16至18之一。
编码SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的多肽的核酸可以包括但不限于单独的多肽的编码序列;多肽的编码序列加上另外的编码序列,诸如前导或分泌序列或原蛋白序列;和多肽的编码序列(和任选的另外的编码序列)加上非编码序列,诸如内含子或该多肽的编码序列的非编码序列5'和/或3'。
因此,术语“编码多肽的多核苷酸”或术语“编码多肽的核酸”应理解为涵盖仅包含本发明的GH10酶(例如选自SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的多肽)的编码序列的多核苷酸或核酸,以及包括另外的编码和/或非编码序列的多核苷酸或核酸。术语多核苷酸和核酸可互换地使用。
本发明还包括多核苷酸,其中多肽的编码序列可以在同一阅读框中与有助于从宿主细胞表达和分泌多肽的多核苷酸序列融合;例如,可以如此融合前导序列,该前导序列用作控制多肽从细胞转运的分泌序列。具有这样的前导序列的多肽被称为前蛋白(preprotein)或前原蛋白(preproprotein),并且可以具有被宿主细胞切割以形成该蛋白的成熟形式的前导序列。这些多核苷酸可具有5'延伸区,使得其编码原蛋白,该原蛋白是成熟蛋白加上在N末端处的另外的氨基酸残基。具有这种前序列(prosequence)的表达产物被称为原蛋白,它是成熟蛋白的无活性形式;然而,一旦前序列被切割,活性的成熟蛋白就会保留下来。另外的序列也可以连接到蛋白质并成为成熟蛋白的一部分。因此,例如,本发明的多核苷酸可编码多肽、或具有前序列的蛋白质、或具有前序列和导肽(presequence)(诸如前导序列)的蛋白质。
本发明的多核苷酸还可以具有与标记序列在框内融合的编码序列,其允许纯化本发明的多肽。标记序列可以是亲和标签或表位标签,诸如聚组氨酸标签、链霉亲和素标签、Xpress标签、FLAG标签、纤维素或几丁质结合标签、谷胱甘肽S转移酶标签(GST)、血凝素(HA)标签、c-myc标签或V5标签。
HA标签将对应于得自流感血凝素蛋白的表位(Wilson等人,1984),而c-myc标签可以是来自人Myc蛋白的表位(Evans等人,1985)。
认为本发明进一步提供了与上述序列杂交的多核苷酸,其中序列之间具有至少70%,优选至少90%,更优选至少95%的相同性或相似性,并因此编码具有相似生物活性的蛋白质。此外,如本领域中已知的,当氨基酸序列包含针对序列中每个单独残基的相同或保守的氨基酸取代物时,两个多肽之间存在“相似性”。可以使用序列分析软件(例如,ClustalW at PBIL(Bioinformatique Lyonnais)http://npsa-pbil.ibcp.fr)测量相同性和相似性。本发明特别提供了这样的多核苷酸,其在严格条件下与上述多核苷酸杂交。
合适的严格条件可以通过例如预杂交和杂交溶液中盐或甲酰胺的浓度或通过杂交温度来定义,并且是本领域熟知的。特别地,可以通过降低盐的浓度,通过增加甲酰胺的浓度和/或通过提高杂交温度来提高严格性。
例如,在高严格性条件下的杂交可在约37℃至42℃采用约50%的甲酰胺,而在降低的严格性条件下的杂交可在约30℃至35℃采用约35%至25%的甲酰胺。在高严格性条件下杂交的一组特定条件采用42℃,50%甲酰胺,5x SSPE,0.3%SDS和200μg/ml切变和变性的鲑鱼精子DNA。对于在降低的严格性下的杂交,可以在35℃的降低温度在35%的甲酰胺中使用如上所述的类似条件。通过计算感兴趣的核酸的嘌呤与嘧啶比率并相应调节温度,可以进一步缩小与特定严格性水平相对应的温度范围。上述范围和条件的变化是本领域熟知的。优选地,仅当序列之间具有至少95%,更优选至少97%的相同性时才应发生杂交。在一个优选的实施方案中,与上述多核苷酸杂交的多核苷酸编码表现出与SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的成熟蛋白基本相同的生物学功能或活性的多肽。
如上所述,合适的多核苷酸探针可以具有至少14个碱基,优选地30个碱基,并且更优选地至少50个碱基,并如上所述,将与与其具有相同性的本发明的多核苷酸杂交。例如,这样的多核苷酸可用作与编码SEQ ID NO:4至6的多肽的多核苷酸(诸如SEQ ID NO:16-18的多核苷酸)分别杂交的探针,例如用于回收这样的多核苷酸,或用作诊断探针,或用作PCR引物。因此,本发明包括与编码SEQ ID NO:4至6的多肽的SEQ ID NO:16至18的多核苷酸具有至少70%的相同性,优选至少90%的相同性,更优选至少95%的相同性的多核苷酸,及其片段,该片段优选具有至少30个碱基,更优选至少50个碱基。
如本文可互换使用的,术语“同源性”或“相同性”是指两个多核苷酸序列之间或两个多肽序列之间的序列相似性,其中相同性是更严格的比较。短语“相同性或同源性百分比”和“相同性或同源性”是指在两个或多个多核苷酸序列或两个或多个多肽序列的比较中发现的序列相似性的百分比。“序列相似性”是指两个或多个多核苷酸序列之间的碱基对序列(如通过任何合适的方法确定)的相似性百分比。两个或多个序列可以在0-100%相似的任何地方,或是其间的任何整数值。可以通过比较每个序列中为了比较目的而可以比对的位置来确定相同性或相似性。当所比较序列中的位置被相同的核苷酸碱基或氨基酸占据时,则分子在该位置相同。多核苷酸序列之间的相似性或相同性程度是多核苷酸序列共有的位置处的相同或匹配核苷酸的数目的函数。
多肽序列的相同性程度是多肽序列共有的位置处的相同氨基酸的数目的函数。多肽序列的同源性或相似性程度是多肽序列共有的位置处的氨基酸数目的函数。如本文所用,术语“基本上相同”是指至少70%、75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或更高的相同性或同源性。
序列相同性的程度是通过选择一个序列作为查询序列,并使用blastp算法(NCBI)将其与具有从GenBank获取的同源序列用基于互联网的工具ClustalW进行比对来确定的。
如本领域中熟知的,遗传密码是冗余的,因为某些氨基酸由超过一个的核苷酸三联体(密码子)编码,并且本发明包括使用与本文的序列中具体例示的密码子不同的密码子编码相同氨基酸的那些多核苷酸序列。这样的多核苷酸序列在本文中称为“等价”多核苷酸序列。本发明进一步包括上述多核苷酸的变体,其对片段进行编码,诸如SEQ ID NO 4至6的多肽的部分或全部蛋白质、类似物和衍生物。多核苷酸的变体形式可以是多核苷酸的天然等位基因变体或多核苷酸的非天然存在的变体。例如,核酸中的变体可以简单地是由遗传密码的简并性导致的氨基酸的密码子序列差异,或者可以存在缺失变体、取代变体以及添加或插入变体。如本领域已知,等位基因变体是多核苷酸序列的替代形式,其可以具有基本上不改变所编码多肽的生物学功能的一个或多个核苷酸的取代、缺失或添加。
本发明还包括载体(其包括这样的多核苷酸)、用这样的载体进行遗传工程化的宿主细胞,以及通过使用前述的重组技术来生产SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的多肽。用这样的载体对宿主细胞进行基因工程化(转导或转化或转接合或转染),所述载体可以是例如克隆载体或表达载体。载体可以是例如质粒、接合质粒、病毒颗粒、噬菌体等形式。载体或基因可以在特定或未指定位点整合入染色体。用于重组DNA的基因组整合的方法,诸如同源重组或转座酶介导的整合,是本领域熟知的。可以在常规营养培养基中培养工程化的宿主细胞,所述常规营养培养基经修饰以适合于激活启动子,选择转化体或扩增本发明的基因。培养条件,诸如温度、pH等,是选择用于表达的宿主细胞通常所使用的那些条件,如本领域普通技术人员熟知的。
本发明的多核苷酸可用于通过重组技术产生SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的多肽。因此,例如,多核苷酸可以包含在多种表达载体中的任何一种中。
可通过各种操作将合适的DNA序列插入到载体中。通常,可以通过本领域已知的操作将DNA序列插入合适的(一个或多个)限制性酶切位点,该操作被认为在本领域技术人员的范围内。
表达载体中的DNA序列可操作地连接至合适的(一个或多个)表达控制序列(启动子),以引导mRNA合成。作为此类启动子的代表性实例,可以提及:LTR或SV40启动子,大肠杆菌lac、ara、rha或trp,噬菌体λPL启动子和其他已知用以控制基因在原核或真核细胞或其病毒中表达的启动子。
更优选地,本发明的GH10酶可以使用以下工具表达:
尤其是在细菌宿主细胞中用于指导本发明的核酸构建体的转录的合适启动子的具体实例是得自以下各项的启动子:大肠杆菌lac操纵子、天蓝色链霉菌(Streptomycescoelicolor)琼脂糖酶基因(dagA)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)果聚糖蔗糖酶基因(sacB)、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)α-淀粉酶基因(amyL)、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(Bacillus stearothermophilus)产麦芽糖淀粉酶基因(amyM)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)α-淀粉酶基因(amyQ)、地衣芽孢杆菌青霉素酶基因(penP)、经由xylA和xylB基因的枯草芽孢杆菌木糖基表达、普通应激蛋白的枯草芽孢杆菌sigmaB依赖性表达(gsiB)和原核β-内酰胺酶基因(Villa-Kamaroff等人,1978)以及tac启动子(DeBoer等人,1983)。还有,枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)的组成型启动子p43和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)的hpall。其他启动子描述在“Useful proteins fromrecombinant bacteria”in Scientific American,1980,242:74-94;和Sambrook等人,1989中。上述启动子的杂合、双或三联组合及其突变和截短变体也是可能的。
用于指导本发明的核酸构建体在丝状真菌宿主细胞中的转录的合适启动子的实例是得自以下各项的基因的启动子:米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)TAKA淀粉酶、米黑根毛霉(Rhizomucor miehei)天冬氨酸蛋白酶、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)中性α-淀粉酶、黑曲霉酸稳定性α-淀粉酶、黑曲霉或泡盛曲霉(Aspergillus awamori)葡糖淀粉酶(glaA)、米黑根毛霉脂肪酶、米曲霉碱性蛋白酶、米曲霉丙糖磷酸异构酶、构巢曲霉(spergillusnidulans)乙酰胺酶、镶片镰孢(Fusarium venenatum)淀粉葡糖苷酶(WO 00/56900)、镶片镰孢Daria(WO 00/56900)、镶片镰孢Quinn(WO 00/56900)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusariumoxysporum)胰蛋白酶样蛋白酶(WO 96/00787)、里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)β-葡糖苷酶、里氏木霉纤维二糖水解酶I、里氏木霉纤维二糖水解酶II、里氏木霉内切葡聚糖酶I、里氏木霉内切葡聚糖酶II、里氏木霉内切葡聚糖酶III、里氏木霉内切葡聚糖酶IV、里氏木霉内切葡聚糖酶V、里氏木霉木聚糖酶I、里氏木霉木聚糖酶II、里氏木霉β-木糖苷酶,以及NA2-tpi启动子(一种修饰的启动子,其来自编码黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)中的中性α-淀粉酶的基因,其中未翻译的前导子已经被编码构巢曲霉(Aspergillus nidulans)中的丙糖磷酸异构酶的基因的未翻译的前导子替代);及其突变型、截短型及杂合型启动子。
在酵母宿主中,有用的启动子得自以下各项的基因:酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)烯醇酶(ENO-1)、酿酒酵母半乳糖激酶(GAL1)、酿酒酵母醇脱氢酶/甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(ADH1、ADH2/GAP)、酿酒酵母丙糖磷酸异构酶(TPI)、酿酒酵母金属硫蛋白(CUP1),以及酿酒酵母3-磷酸甘油酸激酶。Romanos等人,1992描述了酵母宿主细胞的其他有用启动子。在毕赤酵母属(Pichia)宿主中,有用的启动子得自毕赤酵母(Pichiapastoris)醇氧化酶(AOX1)和毕赤酵母3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAP)。
控制序列也可以是合适的转录终止子序列,一种被宿主细胞识别而终止转录的序列。该终止子序列可操作地连接到编码多肽的核苷酸序列的3'末端。可以将在所选宿主细胞中有功能的任何终止子用于本发明。优选的终止子结构来自例如解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)amyE基因、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)penP基因、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)bglS或apreE基因和、苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillusthuringiensis)cry基因。
用于丝状真菌宿主细胞的优选终止子得自以下各项的基因:米曲霉TAKA淀粉酶、黑曲霉葡糖淀粉酶、构巢曲霉邻氨基苯甲酸合酶、黑曲霉α-葡糖苷酶和尖孢镰刀菌胰蛋白酶样蛋白酶。
用于酵母宿主细胞的优选终止子得自以下各项的基因获得:酿酒酵母烯醇酶、酿酒酵母细胞色素C(CYC1)、以及酿酒酵母甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶。Romanos等人,1992描述了酵母宿主细胞的其他有用终止子。
控制序列也可以是合适的前导序列,对宿主细胞的翻译重要的mRNA非翻译区域。前导序列可操作地连接至编码多肽的核苷酸序列的5'末端。可以将在所选宿主细胞中有功能的任何前导序列用于本发明。优选的非翻译区来自解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillusamyloliquefaciens)amyE基因、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)penP基因、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)bglS或apreE基因、和苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)cry基因。
用于丝状真菌宿主细胞的优选前导序列得自米曲霉TAKA淀粉酶和构巢曲霉丙糖磷酸异构酶的基因。
用于酵母宿主细胞的合适前导序列得自以下各项的基因:酿酒酵母烯醇酶(ENO-1)、酿酒酵母3-磷酸甘油酸激酶、酿酒酵母α因子、以及酿酒酵母醇脱氢酶/甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(ADH2/GAP)。
控制序列也可以是聚腺苷酸化序列,一种可操作地连接到核苷酸序列的3'末端,并且在转录时,被宿主细胞识别为将聚腺苷残基添加至转录的mRNA的信号的序列。可以将在所选宿主细胞中有功能的任何聚腺苷酸化序列用于本发明。
用于丝状真菌宿主细胞的优选聚腺苷酸化序列得自以下各项的基因:米曲霉TAKA淀粉酶、黑曲霉葡糖淀粉酶、构巢曲霉邻氨基苯甲酸合酶、尖孢镰刀菌胰蛋白酶样蛋白酶和黑曲霉α-葡糖苷酶。
对于酵母宿主细胞有用的聚腺苷酸化序列由Guo和Sherman,1995描述。
控制序列也可以是信号肽编码序列,其编码与多肽的氨基末端连接并指导编码多肽进入细胞的分泌途径的信号肽。核苷酸序列的编码序列的5'端可以固有地包含在翻译阅读框中与编码分泌性多肽的编码序列的区段天然地连接的信号肽编码序列。可替代地,编码序列的5'端可以包含相对于编码序列为外源的信号肽编码序列。在编码序列不天然地包含信号肽编码序列的情况下,可能需要外源信号肽编码序列。可替代地,外源信号肽编码序列可以简单地替代天然信号肽编码序列以便增强多肽的分泌。然而,可以将引导已表达的多肽进入所选宿主细胞的分泌途径(即,分泌到培养基中)的任何信号肽编码序列用于本发明。
用于细菌宿主细胞的有效信号肽编码序列是得自以下各项的基因的信号肽编码序列:芽孢杆菌NCIB 11837产麦芽糖淀粉酶、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌α-淀粉酶、地衣芽孢杆菌枯草杆菌蛋白酶、地衣芽孢杆菌β内酰胺酶、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌中性蛋白酶(nprT、nprS、nprM)和枯草芽孢杆菌prsA。Simonen和Palva,1993,以及Brockmeie等人,2006描述了另外的信号肽。
用于丝状真菌宿主细胞的有效信号肽编码序列是得自以下各项的基因的信号肽编码序列:米曲霉TAKA淀粉酶、黑曲霉中性淀粉酶、黑曲霉葡糖淀粉酶、米黑根毛霉天冬氨酸蛋白酶、特异腐质霉(Humicola insolens)纤维素酶、特异腐质霉内切葡聚糖酶V、柔毛腐质霉(Humicola lanuginosa)脂肪酶。
酵母宿主细胞的有用信号肽得自酿酒酵母α-因子和酿酒酵母转化酶的基因。其他的有用的信号肽编码序列由上文提及的Romanos等人,1992描述。
控制序列也可以是编码位于多肽的氨基末端处的原肽(propeptide)的原肽编码序列。所得多肽已知为原酶或多肽原(或在一些情况下为酶原)。原肽通常是无活性的并且可以通过催化切割或自催化切割来自多肽原的原肽而转化为成熟的活性多肽。原肽编码序列可以得自以下各项的基因:枯草芽孢杆菌碱性蛋白酶(aprE)、枯草芽孢杆菌中性蛋白酶(nprT)、酿酒酵母α因子、米黑根毛霉天冬氨酸蛋白酶以及嗜热毁丝霉(Myceliophthorathermophila)漆酶(WO 95/33836)。
在信号肽序列和原肽序列二者都存在于多肽的氨基末端的情况下,该原肽序列定位成紧邻多肽的氨基末端并且该信号肽序列定位成紧邻该原肽序列的氨基末端。
也可能期望的是加入调节序列,这些调节序列相对于宿主细胞的生长调节多肽的表达。调节系统的实例是响应于化学或物理刺激而引起基因的表达开启或关闭的那些,包括调节化合物的存在。原核系统中的调节系统包括lac、tac、以及trp操纵子系统。在酵母中,可以使用ADH2系统、GAL1系统或AOX1系统。在丝状真菌中,可以使用TAKA α-淀粉酶启动子、黑曲霉葡糖淀粉酶启动子以及米曲霉葡糖淀粉酶启动子作为调节序列。调节序列的其他实例是允许基因扩增的那些。在真核系统中,这些调节序列包括在甲氨蝶呤存在下被扩增的二氢叶酸还原酶基因以及用重金属扩增的金属硫蛋白基因。在这些情况下,编码该多肽的核苷酸序列将与调节序列可操作地连接。
表达载体
本发明还涉及包含本发明多核苷酸、启动子、以及转录和翻译终止信号的重组表达载体。本文所述的各种核酸和控制序列可以连接在一起以产生重组表达载体,该重组表达载体可以包括一个或多个(几个)便利的限制酶切位点以允许在这些位点处插入或取代编码该多肽的核苷酸序列。可替代地,本发明的多核苷酸序列可以通过将核苷酸序列或包括该序列的核酸构建体插入用于表达的适当载体来表达。在产生该表达载体时,编码序列位于该载体中,使得该编码序列与用于表达的适当控制序列可操作地连接。
重组表达载体可以是便利地经受重组DNA操作并且可引起核苷酸序列表达的任何载体(例如,质粒或病毒)。载体的选择将通常取决于该载体与待引入该载体的宿主细胞的相容性。该载体可以是线性的或闭合的环形质粒。
载体可以是自主复制载体,即,作为染色体外实体存在的载体,其复制独立于染色体复制,例如,质粒、染色体外元件、微型染色体或人工染色体。该载体可以包含用于确保自我复制的任何装置。可替代地,该载体可以是这样载体,当它被引入宿主细胞中时,被整合到基因组中并且与其中已整合了它的(一个或多个)染色体一起复制。此外,可以使用单独的载体或质粒或两个或多个载体或质粒,其共同包含待引入宿主细胞基因组的总DNA,或转座子。
本发明的载体优选地包含一个或多个(几个)选择性标记,该标记容许容易地选择转化细胞、转染细胞、转导细胞等。选择性标记是其产物提供杀生物剂或病毒抗性、重金属抗性、原养型到营养缺陷型等的基因(Kroll等人,2009)。这些营养缺陷型包括但不限于在氨基酸生物合成中分别地破坏或缺失丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬酰胺、天冬氨酸、半胱氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、和缬氨酸。这些营养缺陷型还可以包括但不限于破坏或缺失嘌呤、嘧啶或酶辅因子生物合成基因。营养缺陷表型是游离互补的,其包括引起营养缺陷的突变基因的完整并表达的形式以及包含感兴趣的基因的表达盒。
细菌的选择性标记的实例是地衣芽孢杆菌或枯草芽孢杆菌dal基因,或赋予抗生素抗性(如氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素、氯霉素或四环素抗性)的标记。用于酵母宿主细胞的合适标记是ADE2、HIS3、LEU2、LYS2、MET3、TRP1以及URA3。在丝状真菌宿主细胞中使用的选择性标记包括但不限于amdS(乙酰胺酶)、argB(鸟氨酸氨甲酰基转移酶)、bar(草胺膦乙酰转移酶)、hph(潮霉素磷酸转移酶)、niaD(硝酸还原酶)、pyrG(乳清苷-5'-磷酸脱羧酶)、sC(硫酸腺苷基转移酶)、以及trpC(邻氨基苯甲酸合酶),连同其等价物。优选在曲霉属(Aspergillus)细胞中使用的是构巢曲霉或米曲霉的amdS和pyrG基因以及吸水链霉菌(Streptomyces hygroscopicus)的bar基因。
本发明的载体优选包含允许载体整合到宿主细胞的基因组中或载体在细胞中独立于基因组自主复制的(一个或多个)元件。
为了整合到宿主细胞基因组中,该载体可以依靠编码多肽的多核苷酸序列或者用于通过同源或非同源重组整合到该基因组中的该载体的任何其他元件。可替代地,载体可以包含指导在(一个或多个)染色体的(一个或多个)精确位置通过同源重组整合到宿主细胞的基因组中的附加核苷酸序列。为了增加在精确位置整合的可能性,整合元件应优选包含足够数量的核酸,诸如100至10,000个碱基对,优选400至10,000个碱基对,且最优选800至10,000个碱基对,这些碱基对与相应的靶序列具有高度的序列相同性以提高同源重组的可能性。该整合元件可以是与宿主细胞基因组内的靶序列同源的任何序列。此外,整合元件可以是非编码或编码多核苷酸序列。另一方面,该载体可以通过非同源重组整合入宿主细胞的基因组。
为了自主复制,载体可以进一步包括使该载体能够在所讨论的宿主细胞中自主地进行复制的复制起点。复制起点可以是在细胞中起作用的介导自主复制的任何质粒复制子。术语“复制起点”或“质粒复制子”在本文定义为使质粒或载体能够在体内复制的核苷酸序列。
细菌复制起点的实例是允许在大肠杆菌中复制的质粒pBR322、pUC19、pACYC177以及pACYC184,以及允许在芽孢杆菌中复制的质粒pUB110、pE194、pTA1060以及pAMβ1的复制起点。
用于酵母宿主细胞中的复制起点的实例是2微米复制起点、ARS1、ARS4、ARS1和CEN3的组合以及ARS4和CEN6的组合。
在丝状真菌细胞中有用的复制起点的实例是AMA1和ANS1(Gems等人,1991)。可以根据WO 00/24883中公开的方法完成AMA1基因的分离和包含该基因的质粒或载体的构建。
可以将本发明的多核苷酸的超过一个拷贝插入宿主细胞以增加基因产物的产生。通过将序列的至少一个另外的拷贝整合到宿主细胞基因组中或者通过包含与该多核苷酸一起的可扩增的选择性标记基因可以获得多核苷酸的增加的拷贝数目,其中通过在适当的选择性物质的存在下培养细胞可以选择包含选择性标记基因的经扩增的拷贝以及由此包含该多核苷酸的另外的拷贝的细胞。
用于连接以上所描述的元件以构建本发明的重组表达载体的操作是本领域的技术人员熟知的(参见,例如,Sambrook等人,1989)。
在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明提供了一种宿主细胞,其表达根据SEQ ID NO:1至6之一,优选地SEQ ID NO:4至6之一的GH10酶。更优选地,所述宿主细胞包含本发明的核苷酸分子,其编码SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的多肽。更优选地,所述宿主细胞是大肠杆菌或枯草芽孢杆菌。
本发明在进一步的实施方案中提供了一种产生SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选地SEQ IDNO:4至6的GH10酶的方法,该方法包括在允许产生酶的条件下培养如本文所述的宿主细胞,并从培养物中回收酶。
产生方法
更优选地,本发明提供了产生本发明的多肽(即SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的GH10酶)的方法,包括:(a)在有助于所述多肽产生的条件下培养产生多肽的细胞;和(b)回收多肽。在一个优选的方面,所述细胞为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)属的细胞。在一个更优选的方面,所述细胞是枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)或地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacilluslicheniformis)。
本发明还涉及产生本发明的多肽的方法,该方法包括:(a)在有助于产生多肽的条件下培养如本文所述的重组宿主细胞;和(b)回收多肽。
本发明还涉及产生本发明多肽的方法,其包括:(a)在有助于产生多肽的条件下培养重组宿主细胞,其中所述宿主细胞包含GH10酶的基因,更具体地,包含得自细菌的GH10酶,更具体地重组细菌GH10酶。
在本发明的产生方法中,在适于使用本领域熟知的方法产生多肽的营养培养基中培养细胞。例如,可以通过在合适培养基中并在允许表达和/或分离多肽的条件下进行的摇瓶培养,和实验室或工业发酵罐中的小规模或大规模发酵(包括连续、分批、补料分批或固态发酵)来培养细胞。使用本领域已知的操作在合适的营养培养基中进行培养,所述营养培养基包含碳源和氮源和无机盐。合适的培养基能够从商业供应商获得或可以根据公开的组成(例如,在美国典型培养物保藏中心的目录中)制备。若该多肽分泌到营养培养基中,则该多肽能够从所述培养基中直接回收。若该多肽不分泌至培养基中,则其可从细胞裂解液回收。
可以使用本领域已知的对于所述多肽是特异性的方法来检测所述多肽。这些检测方法可包括特异性抗体的使用、酶产物的形成或酶底物的消失。例如,酶测定法(enzymeassay)可用于测定如本文中所述的多肽的活性。
所得多肽可使用本领域已知的方法回收。例如,多肽可以通过常规操作(包括但不限于离心、过滤、提取、喷雾干燥、蒸发或沉淀)从营养培养基中回收。
本发明的多肽可以通过本领域已知的各种操作纯化以获得基本上纯的多肽,该各种操作包括但不限于层析(例如,离子交换、亲和、疏水、层析聚焦和尺寸排阻)、电泳操作(例如,制备型等电点聚焦)、差示溶解度(例如,硫酸铵沉淀)、SDS-PAGE或提取(参见,例如,Protein Purification,J.-C.Janson and Lars Ryden,editors,VCH Publishers,NewYork,1989)。
组合物
本发明还涉及包含本发明的多肽(即SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的GH10酶)的组合物。优选地,组合物富集这种多肽。术语“富集”表示该组合物的GH10木聚糖酶活性已经提高,例如以至少1.1的富集系数提高。
多肽组合物可以根据本领域已知的方法来制备,并且可以是液体组合物或干燥组合物的形式。组合物中包含的多肽可根据本领域已知并且如以上所述的方来稳定化。
酶制备物
本发明进一步提供了一种包含SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的GH10酶的酶制备物,其用作本发明方法中的烘焙、烹饪、蒸煮或挤出添加剂。酶制备物优选为液体、粒状或团聚粉末的形式,更优选为粒状或团聚粉末的形式。
粒状或团聚的粉末优选具有窄的粒度分布,其中超过95%(重量)的颗粒在25至500微米的范围内。
颗粒和团聚的粉末可以通过常规方法制备,例如,通过将木聚糖酶喷到流化床制粒机中的载体上。载体可以由具有适当颗粒大小的颗粒核心组成。载体可以是可溶的或不溶的,例如盐(诸如氯化钠或硫酸钠)、糖(诸如蔗糖或乳糖)、糖醇(诸如山梨糖醇)、寡糖(诸如麦芽糊精)、淀粉、水稻、玉米粗粉或大豆。
在又一个实施方案中,本发明涉及GH10酶在生产包含阿拉伯木聚糖的食物产品中的用途。
通常,以上针对本发明的方法、初级食物混合物和食物产品描述的优点和有利实施方案同样适用于根据本发明的用途和使用方法,因此其应在上文中提及。
特别地,本发明还涉及在烘焙应用中使用GH10酶,诸如SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQID NO:4至6的GH10酶,或包含其的组合物来生产烘焙食物产品的方法。
本发明还涉及在烹饪应用中使用GH10酶,诸如SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的GH10酶,或包含其的组合物来生产蒸煮食物产品的方法。
本发明还涉及在烹饪应用中使用GH10酶,诸如SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的GH10酶,或包含其的组合物来生产烹饪食物产品的方法。
本发明还涉及在挤出中使用GH10酶,诸如SEQ ID NO:1至6,优选SEQ ID NO:4至6的GH10酶,或包含其的组合物来生产挤出食物产品的方法。
通过以下附图和实施例进一步描述本发明,这些附图和实施例不应解释为限制本发明的范围。
在本文中
图1显示了相对于SEQ ID NO 1的野生型酶的酶活性,SEQ ID NO 4至6酶的相对酶活性增加(%)。令人惊讶地,与SEQ ID NO 1酶的酶活性相比,SEQ ID NO 4至6酶的酶活性增加了4-8倍。酶活性:用DNSA试验测定每分钟每mg酶从阿拉伯木聚糖中释放的微摩尔还原糖。一式三份测量酶活性。
图2分别显示了SEQ ID NO 1、4、5和6的重组产生酶的SDS-PAGE。将PageRulerPrestained Protein Ladder 10至180kDa(#26616,ThermoFischer Scientific)用作蛋白质标准。
图3显示了与GH家族11酶SEQ ID NO 7和Pentopan Mono BG*相比,SEQ ID NO 2和3的GH10酶的相对酶活性。将SEQ ID NO 6木聚糖酶的活性设定为100%。酶活性:用DNSA试验测定每分钟每mg酶从阿拉伯木聚糖中释放的微摩尔还原糖。一式三份测量酶活性。
图4显示了在烘焙黑麦面包的方法中,与SEQ ID NO 7的GH家族11酶和PenttopanMono BG*相比,使用GH10酶SEQ ID NO 2、3和6在面包体积方面的结果。所用的酶浓度均为0.1ppm。一式三份进行烘焙和体积估计。无酶添加的标准面包体积设定为100%。具有不同字母的均值显著不同(One-Way ANOVA,然后进行Tukey检验,p<0.05,n=3)。
图5显示了与GH10酶的标准无添加(左)相比,用0.13ppm的SEQ ID NO 6的GH10酶(右)在4.3的pH烘焙的黑麦面包的照片
图6显示了通过在4.3的pH降低烘焙黑麦面包的方法中的面包屑硬度,与GH10酶的标准无添加相比,使用0.13ppm的SEQ ID NO 6的GH10酶的面包屑改良效果。重复进行硬度计算。
图7显示了在扭矩测量Z型捏和机中GH10和GH11木聚糖酶对黑麦生面团样品稳定性的影响。具有不同字母的均值显著不同(One-Way ANOVA,然后进行Tukey检验,p<0.05,n=4)。
图8显示了具有不同木聚糖酶量0.0ppm(■)、0.01ppm(□)、0.1ppm的SEQ IDNO:6的氨基酸序列的GH10木聚糖酶对在扭矩测量Z型捏和机中以70%黑麦和30%小麦(A)以及10%黑麦和90%小麦(B)生面团样品的比率的黑麦-小麦生面团在稳定性方面的影响。具有不同字母的均值显著不同(One-Way ANOVA,然后进行Tukey检验,p<0.05,n=2)。
图9显示了不同木聚糖酶量0.0ppm(■)、0.01ppm(□)、0.1ppm对黑麦-小麦(黑麦(R)与小麦(W)的比率30:70%)生面团样品的粘性的影响,该粘性使用配备了陈-霍斯尼生面团粘性测试装置(Chen-Hoseney Dough Stickiness Rig)的Ta.XT plus质地分析仪(Stable Micro Systems Ltd,Godalming,UK)测定。具有不同字母的均值显著不同(One-Way ANOVA,然后进行Tukey检验,p<0.05,n=2)。
图10显示了不同木聚糖酶量0.0ppm(■)、0.01ppm(□)、0.1ppm对黑麦-小麦(黑麦(R)与小麦(W)的比率A)10:90%,B)30:70%,和C)70:30%)生面团样品的耐延展性RK max的影响,该耐延展性使用配备了SMS/Kieffer延展性装置的Ta.XT plus质地分析仪(StableMicro Systems Ltd,Godalming,UK)测定。具有不同字母的均值显著不同(One-Way ANOVA,然后进行Tukey检验,p<0.05,n=2)。
实施例1:对编码木聚糖酶的SEQ ID NO 14-19克隆
材料
用作缓冲剂和底物的化学品是至少试剂级的商业产品。大肠杆菌DH10Β用于常规克隆,并且大肠杆菌BL21 Star(DE3)分别用于表达SEQ ID NO 14和SEQ ID NO 16-19的热纤维梭菌DSM1237(也称为Ruminiclostridium thermocellum DSM1237)和Herbivoraxsaccincola DSM101079木聚糖酶基因。用于克隆的合成DNA接收自Integrated DNATechnologies公司(Leuven,Belgium)。使用了SEQ ID NO 15的轮枝镰刀菌木聚糖酶、毕赤酵母X33的表达(ThermoFisher)。SEQ ID NO 3的斑点气单胞菌GH10木聚糖酶购自Megazyme(E-XYNAP,Megazyme,Bray,Ireland),而Pentopan Mono BG*购自Sigma-Aldrich(SigmaAldrich,St.Louis,Missouri,USA)。
DNA修饰
通过标准操作进行染色体和质粒DNA的制备、核酸内切酶消化和连接(Sambrook Jand Russell DW.2001)。
编码GH10和GH11木聚糖酶的基因的克隆
分别使用SEQ ID NO:8和9以及SEQ ID NO:10和9的引物组,引物组SEQ ID NO 8和11以及引物组SEQ ID No 10和11,根据制造商的说明书(Phusion High-Fidelity DNAPolymerase,F530S,ThermoFisher Scientific)从热纤维梭菌DSM1237的染色体DNA中扩增出具有编码GH10木聚糖酶的SEQ ID NO:14、16至18的核酸序列的基因。使用SEQ ID NO 4至6酶,研究了不同蛋白质模块缺失对酶活性和功能的影响。在SEQ ID NO 4酶中缺失纤维素结合结构域。在SEQ ID NO 5酶中缺失了dockerin模块,在SEQ ID NO 6酶中缺失两个模块。随后通过Gibson组装(NEB,Cat.Nr.E2611S)在NdeI/XhoI消化的pET24c(+)载体(Novagen,MerckMillipore)中克隆所有PCR产物,并通过Eurofins进行测序以确认正确的序列。
从WO2014019219A1中公开的氨基酸序列中推定针对轮枝镰刀菌GH10木聚糖酶的序列SEQ ID NO 15编码的DNA。DNA由Integrated DNA Technologies合成,使用Gibson组装(NEB,Cat.Nr.E2611S)插入SalI/EcoRI消化的pICZαA(EasySelectTMPichia ExpressionKit)并通过Eurofins进行测序以确认正确的序列。
使用SEQ ID NO:12和13的引物对从菌株DSM101079的相应染色体DNA扩增出来自Herbivorax saccincola的GH11木聚糖酶的编码序列SEQ ID NO 19。从利用牛粪运作并在55℃用青贮玉米秸秆进料的20l发酵罐中分离出名为Herbivorax saccincola的一种新的纤维素降解细菌菌株(Koeck等人,2016)。为了对菌株Herbivorax saccincola进行基因组测序,使用总共4微克的基因组DNA来构建8-k配偶对(mate-pari)测序文库(Nextera MatePair样品制备试剂盒,Illumina Inc.),其在Illumina MiSeq系统上应用双末端方案而测序。在GenDB内的并借助于碳水化合物活性酶数据库(Carbohydrate-active-enzymedatabase)dbCAN的Herbivorax saccincola基因组序列的分析和解释(Yin等人,2012)揭示了预测用来编码酶的超过100个基因,该酶主要属于糖苷水解酶(GH)的不同家族和碳水化合物结合模块(CBM)。酶之一(SEQ ID NO 7)被鉴定为糖苷水解酶家族11成员。
表达SEQ ID NO 15木聚糖酶的毕赤酵母X33重组菌株的构建
为了转化毕赤酵母菌株X33,将含有SEQ ID NO 15核酸的pICZalpha A用SacI线性化,并用于转化电转感受态毕赤酵母细胞(Lin-Cereghino等人,2005)。使用利用EasySelectTMPichia Expression Kit中提供的引物进行的菌落PCR来筛选在含有抗生素的YPDS琼脂(1%(重量/体积)酵母提取物、2%(重量/体积)蛋白胨和2%(w/v)右旋糖、1M山梨糖醇和1.5%(重量/体积)琼脂)上生长的克隆以便插入SEQ ID NO 15的核酸。选择阳性克隆来产生SEQ ID NO 2酶。
实施例2:SEQ ID NO 1-7的酶的蛋白质生产
细胞的生长
在受控的并配备有Biostat B Twin DCU(Sartorius AG,Gottingen,Germany)的10L Uni-Vessel中进行含有来自SEQ ID NO 14、16-18的热纤维梭菌ATCC27405/DSM1237的GH10木聚糖酶基因和Herbivorax saccincola DSM101079木聚糖酶基因SEQ ID NO 19的重组大肠杆菌菌株的补料分批发酵。在发酵期间在线监测温度、pH、泡沫、浊度、重量和溶解氧。溶解氧(DO%)设定为25%(体积/体积),并在增加搅拌和恒定气流的情况下保持。泡沫的形成是通过添加消泡剂206(Sigma Aldrich,St.Louis,Missouri,USA)而控制的。通过添加25%(体积/体积)的氢氧化铵溶液和25%(体积/体积)的HPO4溶液保持pH为6.9。将大肠杆菌菌株在以10L规模的Riesenberg培养基(Korz等人,1995)中培养,进料溶液由1021g/L甘油、20g/L MgSO4·7H2O、13mg/L EDTA、4mg/L CoCl2·6H2O、23.5mg/L MnCl2·4H2O、2.5mg/L CuC12·2H2O、5mg/L H3BO3、4mg/L Na2MoO4 x 2H2O、16mg/L Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O、40mg/L柠檬酸Fe(III)组成(Korz等人,1995)。在消耗初始碳水化合物底物后,根据方程式1来控制生长速率,其中mS是底物的质量流量(g h-l),μset为期望比生长速率(h-l),YX/S为生物质/底物收率系数(g g-1),m为比维持系数(g g-1h-l),V为培养体积(L),且X为生物质浓度(gL-1):
公式1
接种操作如下:基于冷冻原液,制备了含有足够抗生素的新鲜琼脂平板。利用一个菌落,在含有30mL Lysogeny培养液(Sambrook等人,1989)的锥形烧瓶中进行接种,并在30℃孵育12至15h。将30mL的该第一预培养物用于接种到5L锥形烧瓶中的500mL发酵培养基中,并另外孵育14小时。在10L发酵罐中装入6L发酵培养基,并接种500mL第二预培养物。以50μg/mL添加卡那霉素。通过将甘油进料改为乳糖进料来诱导蛋白质产生。通过在9000rpm和22℃离心1h而在48h后收获细胞。将300g细胞的部分溶于3L裂解缓冲剂(50mM MOPS pH7.3、0.1M NaCl、20mM咪唑)中。细胞裂解是通过在超声流经腔室中进行超声处理而实现的。通过离心(9000rpm,22℃)分离细胞碎片。通过应用0.2μm过滤盒进行切向过滤并用裂解缓冲剂进行三体积洗涤,从残留的细胞或碎片中澄清上清液。通过用30kDa过滤盒进行切向过滤来浓缩酶溶液,然后用三体积的裂解缓冲剂进行透析。将GH10木聚糖酶通过固定金属离子亲和色谱法(IMAC)纯化。用含有50mM MOPS pH 7.3、0.25M咪唑、0.1M NaCl和20mM CaCl2的洗脱缓冲剂来洗脱纯酶。
产生SEQ ID NO 1酶的变体(诸如本发明的SEQ ID NO 4-6的酶)的另一种可能性是用包含突变DNA的合适载体来转化感受态枯草芽孢杆菌菌株并根据Park等人,1991培养重组菌株。
SEQ ID NO 2的轮枝镰刀菌木聚糖酶的产生是通过由在YPD琼脂(1%(重量/体积)酵母提取物、2%(w/v)蛋白胨和2%(重量/体积)右旋糖、1.5%(重量/体积)琼脂)上生长的单个菌落,在50mL锥形烧瓶中的5mL YPD培养液(1%(重量/体积)酵母提取物、2%(w/v)蛋白胨和2%(重量/体积)右旋糖)中接种含有SEQ ID NO 15基因组插入的预培养物,并在定轨摇床中以180rpm在30℃孵育预培养物6h而在毕赤酵母X33中进行。将1ml预培养物用于在带有挡板的5l锥形烧瓶中在BMD 1%培养基(0.2M磷酸钾缓冲剂pH6、13.4g/L酵母氮基、0.4mg/l生物素、1.1%(重量/体积)葡萄糖)中接种300ml表达培养物,并在定轨摇床中以180rpm在22℃孵育64h。通过加入240ml BMM2培养基(0.2M磷酸钾缓冲剂pH 6、13.4g/L酵母氮基、0.4mg/l生物素、1%(体积/体积)甲醇)诱导表达,并转移至28℃。每24小时用9%(体积/体积)BMM 10培养基(0.2M磷酸钾缓冲剂pH 6、13.4g/L酵母氮基、0.4mg/l生物素、5%(体积/体积)甲醇)和1%(体积/体积)纯甲醇供给表达培养物。将培养上清液用于通过如上所述的固定金属离子亲和色谱法(IMAC)来纯化酶。
实施例3:电泳方法
根据Laemmli(1970)进行十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。将蛋白质重悬于变性缓冲剂中,并在95℃加热15分钟。将PageRuler Prestained Protein Ladder 10至180kDa(#26616,ThermoFischer Scientific)用作分子量标准。将蛋白质用考马斯亮蓝(Coomassie brilliant blue)R-250染色(Weber and Osbourne,1969)。
实施例4:蛋白质定量
根据制造商的说明书,使用PierceTMBCA蛋白质测定试剂盒(#23225,ThermoFischer Scientific)测定蛋白质的量。
实施例5:活性测试,阿拉伯木聚糖降解
木聚糖酶活性
出于本发明的目的,任何可商购的木聚糖酶活性测量试剂盒均适合于测定木聚糖酶活性。一种合适的测量木聚糖酶活性的方法如下:
在相应酶的最佳温度和pH,对于SEQ ID NO 1、4、5、6和7是60℃、pH 5.8,以及对于SEQ ID NO 2的酶和Pentopan Mono BG*是50℃、pH5.8,用最终浓度为0.86%(重量/体积)的阿拉伯木聚糖(小麦阿拉伯木聚糖,中等粘度,Megazyme,Ireland)、反应缓冲剂(100mMMOPS、pH 6.5、50mM NaCl、10mM CaCl2)和适量酶进行木聚糖酶活性测量1h。如Wood和Bhat(1988)所述,使用3,5-二硝基水杨酸(DNSA)进行还原糖的定量。基于葡萄糖的校准曲线测定所释放的还原糖端的量。1个单位(U)定义为在一分钟内释放一微摩尔还原糖当量所需的酶的量。所有测定至少一式三份进行。
实施例6:与SEQ ID NO 1的酶相比,SEQ ID NO 4-6的酶的表征
如实施例1-4中所述产生、纯化和定量热纤维梭菌GH10木聚糖酶(SEQ ID NO:1、4-6)。如实施例5所述测定木聚糖酶活性,不同之处在于,使用温度和pH范围测量每种酶以测定pH最佳值(pH范围)和温度最佳值(温度范围)。按U/mg计算SEQ ID NO 1和4至6的酶的比活性。结果计算为与野生型酶SEQ ID NO 1的比率。图2显示了与SEQ ID NO:1的野生型蛋白相比,SEQ ID No:4至6的酶的大小。与野生型蛋白质相比,SEQ ID NO 4至6的所有变体在12%至36%更小。然而,令人惊讶地,SEQ ID NO 4、SEQ ID NO 5和SEQ ID NO 6的变体的酶比活性高至少4倍(图1),这仅仅不与大小变化相对应(图2)。令人惊讶地,如SEQ ID NO:4至6的变体中所示的蛋白结构域的缺失导致酶活性的显著增加。SEQ ID NO 4和5的酶中的各个结构域缺失导致活性各自增加约4倍。SEQ ID NO 6的酶中两个结构域的缺失导致酶比活性更进一步提高,这没有通过酶的大小减小反映出来。
实施例7:GH11和GH10酶活性的比较
如实施例1和2中所述克隆并产生SEQ ID NO 7的GH11酶和SEQ ID NO 2和6的GH10酶。如实施例4中所述测定包括购买的GH11酶Pentopan Mono BG*的相应蛋白质浓度。SEQID NO 3的酶比活性由制造商(Megazyme,Ireland)提供。根据实施例5计算的酶比活性显示出与SEQ ID NO 2、3和6的GH10酶的相当低的酶比活性相比,GH11酶、SEQ ID NO7的酶和Pentopan Mono BG*的非常高的酶比活性。在图3中,结果显示为相对酶活性。将SEQ ID NO6木聚糖酶的活性设定为100%。
实施例8:使用GH10和GH11酶的烘焙实验
进行烘焙实验以确定GH11和GH10酶对包含黑麦面粉(100%)的面包体积的影响。在每种情况下,根据以下配方,在烘焙实验中添加相对于黑麦面粉为0.1ppm的酶:
使用SEQ ID NO 2、3、6和7的酶以及Pentopan Mono BG*,每种基于黑麦面粉为0.1ppm。
操作
1.对成分称量,添加面粉、酵母、盐、糖和酶
2.相对于面粉计量加入0.1ppm酶;除了阴性对照(没有酶)
3.对水进行温度调节,以便在混合、称量并将水添加到搅拌碗中后达到30℃的生面团温度
4.混合:用手持式混合器(Philips)全速混合1分钟
5.在烤箱中于30℃将生面团放置30分钟。
6.混合:用手持式混合器(Philips)全速混合1分钟
7.在烤箱中于30℃将生面团放置45分钟。
8.混合:用手持式混合器(Philips)全速混合1分钟
9.将生面团分成相等重的部分,然后模制成面包卷
10.给予模制面包卷10分钟的试验台-时间
11.将面包卷转移到遮盖的烤盘上。
12.将面包卷烘焙25分钟(顶部和底部220℃加热)
13.使面包卷冷却下来
14.评估面包卷
体积评估
通过油菜籽置换法测量烘焙面包卷和面包的体积。用油菜籽填充合适的烧杯(与最大的测试样品相比,三倍的高度,两倍的宽度和两倍的长度),直到烧杯完全充满为止。用平板除去多余的油菜籽,该平板完全覆盖了烧杯口。将测试面包卷放在烧杯中间的油菜籽的顶部,并用平板覆盖。通过在平板上施加稳定的中等压力,将面包卷插入油菜籽中。收集置换的油菜籽并在量杯中进行测量。置换的油菜籽ml视为面包卷的体积。对于每个烘焙实验,一式三份进行体积计算。测试了得自各种物种的属于家族10和11的几种木聚糖酶。图4总结了五种木聚糖酶(两个GH11家族代表和得自不同细菌或真菌的三种GH10木聚糖酶)的烘焙实验。将相同数量的各个酶用于烘焙试验。GH10酶的特征在于阿拉伯木聚糖的比活性低,然而这些酶显示出面包体积的最佳增加。如实施例7所示,与GH10酶相比,GH11酶的代表显示出高得多的酶比活性。然而,令人惊讶地发现,在烘焙实验中使用相同量的酶,GH11酶无法增加面包体积。
实施例9 SEQ ID NO 6的酶对pH调节的黑麦面包的影响
按照不同的烘焙配方(2),包括pH调节,测试了SEQ ID NO 6的酶对黑麦面包体积和硬度的影响。
烘焙配方2
操作
1.对成分称量,添加面粉、酵母、盐、糖和酶
2.对水进行温度调节,以便在混合、称量并将水添加到搅拌碗中后达到30℃的生面团温度
4.捏和:用Z型捏和机以63rpm捏和3分钟
5.在醒发室中,生面团在30℃静置10分钟
6.将每200克面包成型并转移到烤模中
7.在醒发室(相对湿度90%)中,在30℃醒发75分钟。
8.将面包烘焙5分钟(从顶部230℃,从底部200℃)并且喷0.5l蒸汽
9.将面包烘焙7分钟(从顶部200℃,从底部200℃)
10.将面包烘焙7分钟(从顶部200℃,从底部200℃)
11.使面包变凉并在室温下存放
12.评估面包
面包屑结构的测量
根据AACC国际方法2011,通过质地分析仪(TVT 300XP,TexVol Instruments AB,Viken,Sweden)分析面包屑硬度。
一式两份进行烘焙实验,并且表明,如图5所示的pH调节的黑麦面包体积增加。与无酶的烘焙对照实验相比,面包屑结构得到了显著改良。图6显示,使用SEQ ID NO 6的酶显著降低了面包屑硬度。
实施例10:具有SEQ ID NO:2和SEQ ID NO:6的氨基酸序列的酶对不同面粉比率的黑麦-小麦面包的影响
按照不同的烘焙配方3,包括pH调节,测试了0.3ppm的具有SEQ ID NO:2和SEQ IDNO:6的氨基酸序列的酶对黑麦-小麦面包体积和面包屑硬度的影响。
烘焙配方3
997型黑麦面粉:70%、50%和30%
小麦面粉Radboud:30%、50%和70%
盐:1.8%
压缩酵母:3.5%
抗坏血酸:25ppm
柠檬酸:0.3%
丙酸钙:0.1%
水:65%
操作
1.对成分称量,添加面粉、酵母、盐、糖和0.3ppm酶
2.对水进行温度调节,以便在混合、称量并将水添加到搅拌碗中后达到30℃的生面团温度
4.捏和:用Z型捏和机以63rpm捏和3分钟
5.在醒发室(80%相对湿度)中,将生面团在33℃静置15分钟
6.将每750g面包成型并转移到烤模中。
7.在醒发室(80%相对湿度)中,在33℃醒发30分钟。
8.将面包在225℃烘焙30分钟
9.使面包变凉并在室温下存放
10.评估面包
以百分比表示的比体积增加定义为采用酶(ml/g)的面包的比体积除以标准物的比体积(ml/g)乘以100。
表1:补充木聚糖酶的黑麦-小麦面包的比体积增加和烘焙后1天和6天面包屑硬度
令人惊讶地,当与没有酶补充的面包相比时,SEQ ID NO:2和SEQ ID NO:6的木聚糖酶都能够增加黑麦-小麦面包的比体积并在烘焙后1和6天后显著降低面包屑硬度。
实施例11:SEQ ID NO:6的酶对不同面粉比率的黑麦-小麦生面团的影响
研究了SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:6的酶和Pentopan mono BG对不同生面团质量的影响。根据生面团配方3或4制备生面团,并按以下说明进行分析:
生面团配方3
酶:以0.17ppm的无酶浓度(基于面粉量)来添加SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:6或Pentopan mono BG
生面团配方4
根据American Association of Cereal Chemists(AACC)的方法54-21.02,使用商业黑麦面粉型1150和小麦面粉型550(Rosenmühle,Landshut,Germany),将扭矩测量Z型捏和机(doughLAB;Perten Instruments,Germany)用于制备比率为100:0%、70:30%和10:90%的黑麦-小麦生面团。向100份面粉混合物(水分含量校正为14.00g/100g面粉)中,加入70.0份去离子水和0.17ppm的SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:6的木聚糖酶和Pentopan mono BG。随后,在63rpm和30℃进行捏和153s。
向100份面粉混合物(水分含量校正为14.00g/100g面粉)中,将57.0份去离子水和0.01ppm或0.01ppm的SEQ ID NO:2的木聚糖酶添加到黑麦-小麦面粉混合物。随后,在63rpm和30℃下进行捏和153s。
方法
1.通过Z型捏和机测定捏合性能
根据所提及的AACC方法54-21.02,将扭矩测量Z型捏和机(doughLAB;PertenInstruments,Germany)用于测定生面团稳定性,这描述了超过500FU线和第一次下降到500FU下方之间的时间,并提供了有关生面团可加工性的信息。所有测量至少通过双重鉴定完成。
如图7中所示,添加SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:6木聚糖酶在黑麦生面团的捏和期间引起生面团稳定性的增加,而Pentopan mono(商用GH11木聚糖酶)没有这样。这实现仅具有黑麦的生面团的改良可加工性。在不同比率的黑麦-小麦面粉(70:30%(A)或10:90%(B))的情况下使用不同量的SEQ ID NO:2的木聚糖酶也可以改良捏和期间的生面团稳定性,如图8所示。捏和期间增加生面团稳定性提高(工业)面包制作期间黑麦小麦生面团的工艺可靠性和可加工性。
2.通过Chen-Hoseney生面团粘性小室测定的生面团粘性
生面团粘性的分析是通过使用如Chen和Hoseney(1995)所述的配备有生面团粘性装置的Ta.XT plus质地分析仪(Stable Micro Systems Ltd.,Godalming,UK)进行的。通过在抛光的Plexiglas中通过网格挤压到圆柱状物(直径25mm)的一块生面团来测量生面团的粘性(g)。捏和后将生面团放入小室中,并在室温下静置5分钟。生面团样品通过圆柱状物以0.5mm/s的速度,40g的作用力和0.10s的接触时间压缩;然后圆柱状物以10mm/s的速度返回到4mm。所有测量通过双重鉴定完成。
如图9所示,通过增加SEQ ID NO:6木聚糖酶量,生面团粘性显著降低,这表明对黑麦比率为30%的生面团的改良的生面团处理和机械加工性。
3.SMS/Kieffer延伸装置的伸长性质
使用用于Ta.XT plus质地分析仪(Stable Micro Systems Ltd.,Godalming,UK)的SMS/Kieffer延伸装置来分析单轴伸长率。为此,将每个生面团样品放入Kieffer样品平板中。在30℃的40分钟平衡时间后,记录每个生面团样品的十条线的最大峰值力(耐延展性(RKmax))。测试设置为:预测试速度:2.00mm/s;测试速度:3.3毫米/秒;测试后速度:10.0mm/s;距离:75mm;触发力:5.0g。所有测量通过双重鉴定完成。
如图10所示,通过增加SEQ ID NO 6木聚糖酶量,生面团耐延展性显著降低,这改良了发酵期间生面团的疏松度,并且在所有测试的黑麦比率为10%(A)、30%(B)和70%(C)黑麦面粉的情况下,实现关于生面团的较高面包体积。
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序列表
<110> 慕尼黑工业大学
<120> 用于制备包含黑麦的食物产品的方法
<130> MTU105WO
<150> EP 17 202 797.1
<151> 2017-11-21
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<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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Ala Leu Ile Tyr Asp Asp Phe Glu Thr Gly Leu Asn Gly Trp Gly Pro
1 5 10 15
Arg Gly Pro Glu Thr Val Glu Leu Thr Thr Glu Glu Ala Tyr Ser Gly
20 25 30
Arg Tyr Ser Leu Lys Val Ser Gly Arg Thr Ser Thr Trp Asn Gly Pro
35 40 45
Met Val Asp Lys Thr Asp Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Glu Ser Tyr Lys Leu
50 55 60
Gly Val Tyr Val Lys Phe Val Gly Asp Ser Tyr Ser Asn Glu Gln Arg
65 70 75 80
Phe Ser Leu Gln Leu Gln Tyr Asn Asp Gly Ala Gly Asp Val Tyr Gln
85 90 95
Asn Ile Lys Thr Ala Thr Val Tyr Lys Gly Thr Trp Thr Leu Leu Glu
100 105 110
Gly Gln Leu Thr Val Pro Ser His Ala Lys Asp Val Lys Ile Tyr Val
115 120 125
Glu Thr Glu Phe Lys Asn Ser Pro Ser Pro Gln Asp Leu Met Asp Phe
130 135 140
Tyr Ile Asp Asp Phe Thr Ala Thr Pro Ala Asn Leu Pro Glu Ile Glu
145 150 155 160
Lys Asp Ile Pro Ser Leu Lys Asp Val Phe Ala Gly Tyr Phe Lys Val
165 170 175
Gly Gly Ala Ala Thr Val Ala Glu Leu Ala Pro Lys Pro Ala Lys Glu
180 185 190
Leu Phe Leu Lys His Tyr Asn Ser Leu Thr Phe Gly Asn Glu Leu Lys
195 200 205
Pro Glu Ser Val Leu Asp Tyr Asp Ala Thr Ile Ala Tyr Met Glu Ala
210 215 220
Asn Gly Gly Asp Gln Val Asn Pro Gln Ile Thr Leu Arg Ala Ala Arg
225 230 235 240
Pro Leu Leu Glu Phe Ala Lys Glu His Asn Ile Pro Val Arg Gly His
245 250 255
Thr Leu Val Trp His Ser Gln Thr Pro Asp Trp Phe Phe Arg Glu Asn
260 265 270
Tyr Ser Gln Asp Glu Asn Ala Pro Trp Ala Ser Lys Glu Val Met Leu
275 280 285
Gln Arg Leu Glu Asn Tyr Ile Lys Asn Leu Met Glu Ala Leu Ala Thr
290 295 300
Glu Tyr Pro Thr Val Lys Phe Tyr Ala Trp Asp Val Val Asn Glu Ala
305 310 315 320
Val Asp Pro Asn Thr Ser Asp Gly Met Arg Thr Pro Gly Ser Asn Asn
325 330 335
Lys Asn Pro Gly Ser Ser Leu Trp Met Gln Thr Val Gly Arg Asp Phe
340 345 350
Ile Val Lys Ala Phe Glu Tyr Ala Arg Lys Tyr Ala Pro Ala Asp Cys
355 360 365
Lys Leu Phe Tyr Asn Asp Tyr Asn Glu Tyr Glu Asp Arg Lys Cys Asp
370 375 380
Phe Ile Ile Glu Ile Leu Thr Glu Leu Lys Ala Lys Gly Leu Val Asp
385 390 395 400
Gly Met Gly Met Gln Ser His Trp Val Met Asp Tyr Pro Ser Ile Ser
405 410 415
Met Phe Glu Lys Ser Ile Arg Arg Tyr Ala Ala Leu Gly Leu Glu Ile
420 425 430
Gln Leu Thr Glu Leu Asp Ile Arg Asn Pro Asp Asn Ser Gln Trp Ala
435 440 445
Leu Glu Arg Gln Ala Asn Arg Tyr Lys Glu Leu Val Thr Lys Leu Val
450 455 460
Asp Leu Lys Lys Glu Gly Ile Asn Ile Thr Ala Leu Val Phe Trp Gly
465 470 475 480
Ile Thr Asp Ala Thr Ser Trp Leu Gly Gly Tyr Pro Leu Leu Phe Asp
485 490 495
Ala Glu Tyr Lys Ala Lys Pro Ala Phe Tyr Ala Ile Val Asn Ser Val
500 505 510
Pro Pro Leu Pro Thr Glu Pro Pro Val Gln Val Ile Pro Gly Asp Val
515 520 525
Asn Gly Asp Gly Arg Val Asn Ser Ser Asp Leu Thr Leu Met Lys Arg
530 535 540
Tyr Leu Leu Lys Ser Ile Ser Asp Phe Pro Thr Pro Glu Gly Lys Ile
545 550 555 560
Ala Ala Asp Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Lys Val Asn Ser Thr Asp Leu Leu
565 570 575
Ala Leu Lys Lys Leu Val Leu Arg Glu Leu
580 585
<210> 2
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<213> Fusarium verticilloides
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Gln Ala Ala Asp Ser Ile Asn Lys Leu Ile Lys Asn Lys Gly Lys Leu
1 5 10 15
Tyr Tyr Gly Thr Ile Thr Asp Pro Asn Leu Leu Gly Val Ala Lys Asp
20 25 30
Thr Ala Ile Ile Lys Ala Asp Phe Gly Ala Val Thr Pro Glu Asn Ser
35 40 45
Gly Lys Trp Asp Ala Thr Glu Pro Ser Gln Gly Lys Phe Asn Phe Gly
50 55 60
Ser Phe Asp Gln Val Val Asn Phe Ala Gln Gln Asn Gly Leu Lys Val
65 70 75 80
Arg Gly His Thr Leu Val Trp His Ser Gln Leu Pro Gln Trp Val Lys
85 90 95
Asn Ile Asn Asp Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Lys Val Ile Glu Asn His Val
100 105 110
Thr Gln Val Val Gly Arg Tyr Lys Gly Lys Ile Tyr Ala Trp Asp Val
115 120 125
Val Asn Glu Ile Phe Glu Trp Asp Gly Thr Leu Arg Lys Asp Ser His
130 135 140
Phe Asn Asn Val Phe Gly Asn Asp Asp Tyr Val Gly Ile Ala Phe Arg
145 150 155 160
Ala Ala Arg Lys Ala Asp Pro Asn Ala Lys Leu Tyr Ile Asn Asp Tyr
165 170 175
Ser Leu Asp Ser Gly Ser Ala Ser Lys Val Thr Lys Gly Met Val Pro
180 185 190
Ser Val Lys Lys Trp Leu Ser Gln Gly Val Pro Val Asp Gly Ile Gly
195 200 205
Ser Gln Thr His Leu Asp Pro Gly Ala Ala Gly Gln Ile Gln Gly Ala
210 215 220
Leu Thr Ala Leu Ala Asn Ser Gly Val Lys Glu Val Ala Ile Thr Glu
225 230 235 240
Leu Asp Ile Arg Thr Ala Pro Ala Asn Asp Tyr Ala Thr Val Thr Lys
245 250 255
Ala Cys Leu Asn Val Pro Lys Cys Ile Gly Ile Thr Val Trp Gly Val
260 265 270
Ser Asp Lys Asn Ser Trp Arg Lys Glu His Asp Ser Leu Leu Phe Asp
275 280 285
Ala Asn Tyr Asn Pro Lys Pro Ala Tyr Thr Ala Val Val Asn Ala Leu
290 295 300
Arg
305
<210> 3
<211> 332
<212> PRT
<213> Aeromonas punctata
<400> 3
Pro Thr Glu Ile Pro Ser Leu His Ala Ala Tyr Ala Asn Thr Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Ile Gly Ala Ala Val His Thr Arg Met Leu Gln Ser Glu Gly Glu Phe
20 25 30
Ile Ala Lys His Phe Asn Ser Ile Thr Ala Glu Asn Gln Met Lys Phe
35 40 45
Glu Glu Ile His Pro Glu Glu Asp Arg Tyr Ser Phe Glu Ala Ala Asp
50 55 60
Gln Ile Val Asp Phe Ala Val Ala Gln Gly Ile Gly Val Arg Gly His
65 70 75 80
Thr Leu Val Trp His Asn Gln Thr Ser Lys Trp Val Phe Glu Asp Thr
85 90 95
Ser Gly Ala Pro Ala Ser Arg Glu Leu Leu Leu Ser Arg Leu Lys Gln
100 105 110
His Ile Asp Thr Val Val Gly Arg Tyr Lys Gly Gln Ile Tyr Ala Trp
115 120 125
Asp Val Val Asn Glu Ala Val Glu Asp Lys Thr Asp Leu Phe Met Arg
130 135 140
Asp Thr Lys Trp Leu Glu Leu Val Gly Glu Asp Tyr Leu Leu Gln Ala
145 150 155 160
Phe Ser Met Ala His Glu Ala Asp Pro Asn Ala Leu Leu Phe Tyr Asn
165 170 175
Asp Tyr Asn Glu Thr Asp Pro Val Lys Arg Glu Lys Ile Tyr Asn Leu
180 185 190
Val Arg Ser Leu Leu Asp Lys Gly Ala Pro Val His Gly Ile Gly Leu
195 200 205
Gln Gly His Trp Asn Ile His Gly Pro Ser Ile Glu Glu Ile Arg Met
210 215 220
Ala Ile Glu Arg Tyr Ala Ser Leu Asp Val Gln Leu His Val Thr Glu
225 230 235 240
Leu Asp Met Ser Val Phe Arg His Glu Asp Arg Arg Thr Asp Leu Thr
245 250 255
Ala Pro Thr Ser Glu Met Ala Glu Leu Gln Glu Leu Arg Tyr Glu Glu
260 265 270
Ile Phe Asn Leu Phe Arg Glu Tyr Lys Ser Ser Ile Thr Ser Val Thr
275 280 285
Phe Trp Gly Val Ala Asp Asn Tyr Thr Trp Leu Asp His Phe Pro Val
290 295 300
Arg Gly Arg Lys Asn Trp Pro Phe Val Phe Asp Gln Gln Leu Gln Pro
305 310 315 320
Lys Val Ser Phe Trp Arg Ile Ile Asn Ser Met Ser
325 330
<210> 4
<211> 444
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Recombinant polypeptide
<400> 4
Asp Phe Tyr Ile Asp Asp Phe Thr Ala Thr Pro Ala Asn Leu Pro Glu
1 5 10 15
Ile Glu Lys Asp Ile Pro Ser Leu Lys Asp Val Phe Ala Gly Tyr Phe
20 25 30
Lys Val Gly Gly Ala Ala Thr Val Ala Glu Leu Ala Pro Lys Pro Ala
35 40 45
Lys Glu Leu Phe Leu Lys His Tyr Asn Ser Leu Thr Phe Gly Asn Glu
50 55 60
Leu Lys Pro Glu Ser Val Leu Asp Tyr Asp Ala Thr Ile Ala Tyr Met
65 70 75 80
Glu Ala Asn Gly Gly Asp Gln Val Asn Pro Gln Ile Thr Leu Arg Ala
85 90 95
Ala Arg Pro Leu Leu Glu Phe Ala Lys Glu His Asn Ile Pro Val Arg
100 105 110
Gly His Thr Leu Val Trp His Ser Gln Thr Pro Asp Trp Phe Phe Arg
115 120 125
Glu Asn Tyr Ser Gln Asp Glu Asn Ala Pro Trp Ala Ser Lys Glu Val
130 135 140
Met Leu Gln Arg Leu Glu Asn Tyr Ile Lys Asn Leu Met Glu Ala Leu
145 150 155 160
Ala Thr Glu Tyr Pro Thr Val Lys Phe Tyr Ala Trp Asp Val Val Asn
165 170 175
Glu Ala Val Asp Pro Asn Thr Ser Asp Gly Met Arg Thr Pro Gly Ser
180 185 190
Asn Asn Lys Asn Pro Gly Ser Ser Leu Trp Met Gln Thr Val Gly Arg
195 200 205
Asp Phe Ile Val Lys Ala Phe Glu Tyr Ala Arg Lys Tyr Ala Pro Ala
210 215 220
Asp Cys Lys Leu Phe Tyr Asn Asp Tyr Asn Glu Tyr Glu Asp Arg Lys
225 230 235 240
Cys Asp Phe Ile Ile Glu Ile Leu Thr Glu Leu Lys Ala Lys Gly Leu
245 250 255
Val Asp Gly Met Gly Met Gln Ser His Trp Val Met Asp Tyr Pro Ser
260 265 270
Ile Ser Met Phe Glu Lys Ser Ile Arg Arg Tyr Ala Ala Leu Gly Leu
275 280 285
Glu Ile Gln Leu Thr Glu Leu Asp Ile Arg Asn Pro Asp Asn Ser Gln
290 295 300
Trp Ala Leu Glu Arg Gln Ala Asn Arg Tyr Lys Glu Leu Val Thr Lys
305 310 315 320
Leu Val Asp Leu Lys Lys Glu Gly Ile Asn Ile Thr Ala Leu Val Phe
325 330 335
Trp Gly Ile Thr Asp Ala Thr Ser Trp Leu Gly Gly Tyr Pro Leu Leu
340 345 350
Phe Asp Ala Glu Tyr Lys Ala Lys Pro Ala Phe Tyr Ala Ile Val Asn
355 360 365
Ser Val Pro Pro Leu Pro Thr Glu Pro Pro Val Gln Val Ile Pro Gly
370 375 380
Asp Val Asn Gly Asp Gly Arg Val Asn Ser Ser Asp Leu Thr Leu Met
385 390 395 400
Lys Arg Tyr Leu Leu Lys Ser Ile Ser Asp Phe Pro Thr Pro Glu Gly
405 410 415
Lys Ile Ala Ala Asp Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Lys Val Asn Ser Thr Asp
420 425 430
Leu Leu Ala Leu Lys Lys Leu Val Leu Arg Glu Leu
435 440
<210> 5
<211> 511
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Recombinant polypeptide
<400> 5
Ala Leu Ile Tyr Asp Asp Phe Glu Thr Gly Leu Asn Gly Trp Gly Pro
1 5 10 15
Arg Gly Pro Glu Thr Val Glu Leu Thr Thr Glu Glu Ala Tyr Ser Gly
20 25 30
Arg Tyr Ser Leu Lys Val Ser Gly Arg Thr Ser Thr Trp Asn Gly Pro
35 40 45
Met Val Asp Lys Thr Asp Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Glu Ser Tyr Lys Leu
50 55 60
Gly Val Tyr Val Lys Phe Val Gly Asp Ser Tyr Ser Asn Glu Gln Arg
65 70 75 80
Phe Ser Leu Gln Leu Gln Tyr Asn Asp Gly Ala Gly Asp Val Tyr Gln
85 90 95
Asn Ile Lys Thr Ala Thr Val Tyr Lys Gly Thr Trp Thr Leu Leu Glu
100 105 110
Gly Gln Leu Thr Val Pro Ser His Ala Lys Asp Val Lys Ile Tyr Val
115 120 125
Glu Thr Glu Phe Lys Asn Ser Pro Ser Pro Gln Asp Leu Met Asp Phe
130 135 140
Tyr Ile Asp Asp Phe Thr Ala Thr Pro Ala Asn Leu Pro Glu Ile Glu
145 150 155 160
Lys Asp Ile Pro Ser Leu Lys Asp Val Phe Ala Gly Tyr Phe Lys Val
165 170 175
Gly Gly Ala Ala Thr Val Ala Glu Leu Ala Pro Lys Pro Ala Lys Glu
180 185 190
Leu Phe Leu Lys His Tyr Asn Ser Leu Thr Phe Gly Asn Glu Leu Lys
195 200 205
Pro Glu Ser Val Leu Asp Tyr Asp Ala Thr Ile Ala Tyr Met Glu Ala
210 215 220
Asn Gly Gly Asp Gln Val Asn Pro Gln Ile Thr Leu Arg Ala Ala Arg
225 230 235 240
Pro Leu Leu Glu Phe Ala Lys Glu His Asn Ile Pro Val Arg Gly His
245 250 255
Thr Leu Val Trp His Ser Gln Thr Pro Asp Trp Phe Phe Arg Glu Asn
260 265 270
Tyr Ser Gln Asp Glu Asn Ala Pro Trp Ala Ser Lys Glu Val Met Leu
275 280 285
Gln Arg Leu Glu Asn Tyr Ile Lys Asn Leu Met Glu Ala Leu Ala Thr
290 295 300
Glu Tyr Pro Thr Val Lys Phe Tyr Ala Trp Asp Val Val Asn Glu Ala
305 310 315 320
Val Asp Pro Asn Thr Ser Asp Gly Met Arg Thr Pro Gly Ser Asn Asn
325 330 335
Lys Asn Pro Gly Ser Ser Leu Trp Met Gln Thr Val Gly Arg Asp Phe
340 345 350
Ile Val Lys Ala Phe Glu Tyr Ala Arg Lys Tyr Ala Pro Ala Asp Cys
355 360 365
Lys Leu Phe Tyr Asn Asp Tyr Asn Glu Tyr Glu Asp Arg Lys Cys Asp
370 375 380
Phe Ile Ile Glu Ile Leu Thr Glu Leu Lys Ala Lys Gly Leu Val Asp
385 390 395 400
Gly Met Gly Met Gln Ser His Trp Val Met Asp Tyr Pro Ser Ile Ser
405 410 415
Met Phe Glu Lys Ser Ile Arg Arg Tyr Ala Ala Leu Gly Leu Glu Ile
420 425 430
Gln Leu Thr Glu Leu Asp Ile Arg Asn Pro Asp Asn Ser Gln Trp Ala
435 440 445
Leu Glu Arg Gln Ala Asn Arg Tyr Lys Glu Leu Val Thr Lys Leu Val
450 455 460
Asp Leu Lys Lys Glu Gly Ile Asn Ile Thr Ala Leu Val Phe Trp Gly
465 470 475 480
Ile Thr Asp Ala Thr Ser Trp Leu Gly Gly Tyr Pro Leu Leu Phe Asp
485 490 495
Ala Glu Tyr Lys Ala Lys Pro Ala Phe Tyr Ala Ile Val Asn Ser
500 505 510
<210> 6
<211> 369
<212> PRT
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Recombinant polypeptide
<400> 6
Asp Phe Tyr Ile Asp Asp Phe Thr Ala Thr Pro Ala Asn Leu Pro Glu
1 5 10 15
Ile Glu Lys Asp Ile Pro Ser Leu Lys Asp Val Phe Ala Gly Tyr Phe
20 25 30
Lys Val Gly Gly Ala Ala Thr Val Ala Glu Leu Ala Pro Lys Pro Ala
35 40 45
Lys Glu Leu Phe Leu Lys His Tyr Asn Ser Leu Thr Phe Gly Asn Glu
50 55 60
Leu Lys Pro Glu Ser Val Leu Asp Tyr Asp Ala Thr Ile Ala Tyr Met
65 70 75 80
Glu Ala Asn Gly Gly Asp Gln Val Asn Pro Gln Ile Thr Leu Arg Ala
85 90 95
Ala Arg Pro Leu Leu Glu Phe Ala Lys Glu His Asn Ile Pro Val Arg
100 105 110
Gly His Thr Leu Val Trp His Ser Gln Thr Pro Asp Trp Phe Phe Arg
115 120 125
Glu Asn Tyr Ser Gln Asp Glu Asn Ala Pro Trp Ala Ser Lys Glu Val
130 135 140
Met Leu Gln Arg Leu Glu Asn Tyr Ile Lys Asn Leu Met Glu Ala Leu
145 150 155 160
Ala Thr Glu Tyr Pro Thr Val Lys Phe Tyr Ala Trp Asp Val Val Asn
165 170 175
Glu Ala Val Asp Pro Asn Thr Ser Asp Gly Met Arg Thr Pro Gly Ser
180 185 190
Asn Asn Lys Asn Pro Gly Ser Ser Leu Trp Met Gln Thr Val Gly Arg
195 200 205
Asp Phe Ile Val Lys Ala Phe Glu Tyr Ala Arg Lys Tyr Ala Pro Ala
210 215 220
Asp Cys Lys Leu Phe Tyr Asn Asp Tyr Asn Glu Tyr Glu Asp Arg Lys
225 230 235 240
Cys Asp Phe Ile Ile Glu Ile Leu Thr Glu Leu Lys Ala Lys Gly Leu
245 250 255
Val Asp Gly Met Gly Met Gln Ser His Trp Val Met Asp Tyr Pro Ser
260 265 270
Ile Ser Met Phe Glu Lys Ser Ile Arg Arg Tyr Ala Ala Leu Gly Leu
275 280 285
Glu Ile Gln Leu Thr Glu Leu Asp Ile Arg Asn Pro Asp Asn Ser Gln
290 295 300
Trp Ala Leu Glu Arg Gln Ala Asn Arg Tyr Lys Glu Leu Val Thr Lys
305 310 315 320
Leu Val Asp Leu Lys Lys Glu Gly Ile Asn Ile Thr Ala Leu Val Phe
325 330 335
Trp Gly Ile Thr Asp Ala Thr Ser Trp Leu Gly Gly Tyr Pro Leu Leu
340 345 350
Phe Asp Ala Glu Tyr Lys Ala Lys Pro Ala Phe Tyr Ala Ile Val Asn
355 360 365
Ser
<210> 7
<211> 201
<212> PRT
<213> Herbivorax saccincola
<400> 7
Arg Thr Val Thr Ser Asn Glu Ile Gly Thr His Gly Gly Tyr Asp Phe
1 5 10 15
Glu Phe Trp Val Asp Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Met Thr Leu Lys Asp Gly
20 25 30
Gly Ala Phe Ser Cys Gln Trp Ser Asn Ile Asn Asn Ile Leu Phe Arg
35 40 45
Lys Gly Arg Lys Phe Asp Gln Thr Lys Thr His Gln Gln Leu Gly Asn
50 55 60
Ile Val Val Glu Tyr Ala Ala Asp Tyr Arg Pro Asn Gly Asn Ser Tyr
65 70 75 80
Leu Cys Ile Tyr Gly Trp Thr Val Asp Pro Leu Val Glu Tyr Tyr Ile
85 90 95
Ile Glu Ser Trp Gly Asn Trp Arg Pro Pro Gly Ala Gln Ser Lys Gly
100 105 110
Met Ile Thr Val Asp Gly Gly Thr Tyr Asp Ile Tyr Glu Thr Thr Arg
115 120 125
Val Asn Gln Pro Ser Ile Ile Gly Thr Ala Thr Phe Gln Gln Tyr Trp
130 135 140
Ser Val Arg Thr Ser Lys Lys Thr Ser Gly Thr Val Ser Val Ser Gln
145 150 155 160
His Phe Arg Ala Trp Glu Ser Met Gly Met Lys Met Gly Lys Met Tyr
165 170 175
Glu Val Ala Thr Thr Val Glu Gly Tyr Gln Ser Ser Gly Ser Ala Asp
180 185 190
Val Tyr Lys Asn Val Ile Thr Ile Gly
195 200
<210> 8
<211> 44
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Synthetic oligonucleotide
<400> 8
ttaagaagga gatatacata tggctctgat ttacgatgat tttg 44
<210> 9
<211> 49
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Synthetic oligonucleotide
<400> 9
tcagtggtgg tggtggtggt gctcgagaag ttctctcaga acgagtttt 49
<210> 10
<211> 43
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Synthetic oligonucleotide
<400> 10
ttaagaagga gatatacata tggatttcta tattgacgat ttc 43
<210> 11
<211> 42
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Synthetic oligonucleotide
<400> 11
tcagtggtgg tggtggtggt ggctgttaac tatagcataa aa 42
<210> 12
<211> 47
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Synthetic oligonucleotide
<400> 12
ttaagaagga gatatacata tgcgtactgt aacatcaaat gaaatag 47
<210> 13
<211> 54
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Synthetic oligonucleotide
<400> 13
tcagtggtgg tggtggtggt gctcgaggcc aatggtaatt acgtttttat aaac 54
<210> 14
<211> 1758
<212> DNA
<213> Clostridium thermocellum
<400> 14
gctctgattt acgatgattt tgaaacaggt ctgaacggat ggggaccaag aggaccggaa 60
accgtcgaac ttaccaccga ggaagcttac tcgggaagat acagtttgaa ggtcagcgga 120
cgtaccagca catggaacgg gcccatggtt gacaaaaccg atgtgttgac tttgggcgaa 180
agctataagt tgggcgtata tgtaaaattc gtgggtgatt cctattcaaa tgagcaaaga 240
ttcagtttgc agcttcaata taacgacgga gcaggagatg tataccaaaa tataaaaacc 300
gccacggttt acaagggaac atggactttg ctggaaggac agcttacagt tcccagccat 360
gcaaaggacg taaaaatata tgtggaaacc gaatttaaaa attctccgag tccgcaggac 420
ttgatggatt tctatattga cgatttcaca gcaacacctg caaatttgcc tgaaattgag 480
aaagatattc caagcttgaa agatgtcttt gccggttatt tcaaagtggg tggtgccgca 540
actgtggcgg aactggcgcc gaagcctgca aaagagcttt tcctcaagca ttataacagc 600
ttgacttttg gtaatgagtt aaaaccggaa agtgtacttg actatgatgc tacaattgct 660
tatatggagg caaacggagg cgaccaggtt aatccgcaga taaccttgag agcggcaaga 720
cccctgttgg agtttgcgaa agaacacaac atacctgtaa gaggacatac ccttgtatgg 780
cacagccaga caccggactg gttcttcaga gaaaattact ctcaggacga aaatgctccc 840
tgggcatcca aggaagtaat gctgcaaagg ttggaaaact acataaagaa tttaatggaa 900
gctttggcga ccgaatatcc gacggttaag ttctatgcat gggacgttgt gaatgaggct 960
gttgatccta atacttcaga cggtatgaga actccgggtt cgaataacaa aaatcccgga 1020
agctccctgt ggatgcaaac cgttggaaga gattttattg ttaaagcttt tgaatatgca 1080
agaaaatatg ctcctgcgga ttgtaaactc ttctacaatg actataatga atatgaagac 1140
agaaaatgtg attttattat tgaaattctt accgaactta aagccaaagg cctggttgac 1200
ggtatgggta tgcaatccca ctgggttatg gattatccaa gcataagcat gtttgaaaaa 1260
tccatcagaa gatatgcagc attgggattg gaaattcagc ttaccgagct ggatataaga 1320
aatcctgaca acagccagtg ggctttggaa cgtcaggcta atcgttataa ggagcttgta 1380
acaaaattgg tcgatttgaa aaaagaaggc ataaacatta cggcattggt attctgggga 1440
ataaccgacg cgacaagctg gcttggagga tatccgctcc tgtttgacgc ggaatacaag 1500
gcaaaacctg cattttatgc tatagttaac agcgttccgc cgcttccgac agaaccgccg 1560
gttcaggtta tacccggtga tgtaaacggt gacggtcgtg taaattcatc cgacttgact 1620
cttatgaaaa gatacctttt aaaatccata agcgacttcc cgacaccgga aggaaaaatt 1680
gcggcggatt taaacgaaga cggcaaggta aactcgacag atttgttagc gctgaaaaaa 1740
ctcgttctga gagaactt 1758
<210> 15
<211> 915
<212> DNA
<213> Fusarium verticilloides
<400> 15
caagctgcag actccataaa caaactaatc aagaataaag gcaagcttta ctacggaact 60
attactgatc ctaatctgct tggtgtcgcc aaggataccg ccatcattaa agcagatttt 120
ggtgccgtca ctcccgagaa cagtggcaag tgggatgcaa cggaaccatc tcagggtaag 180
tttaactttg gttctttcga tcaagtcgta aattttgcac agcagaatgg attgaaagtt 240
cgtggacata ctcttgtctg gcacagtcaa ttgccacagt gggtgaagaa cattaatgac 300
aaggctaccc taacgaaagt tatcgagaat cacgttactc aggttgtagg cagatataaa 360
ggaaaaattt acgcatggga tgtagtaaat gaaatttttg agtgggatgg tacattgcgt 420
aaggattcac atttcaacaa cgtattcggc aacgatgact atgtgggaat agcttttcgt 480
gcagctcgta aggctgatcc caacgcaaag ctttacatta acgactactc tttggattca 540
ggctccgcta gtaaggtcac aaagggtatg gttccctccg tgaaaaaatg gcttagtcaa 600
ggagtacccg tggatggtat aggaagtcaa acccacctag accctggagc agcaggccag 660
atccaaggag ccctaacagc acttgctaat agtggcgtta aagaagttgc catcacagaa 720
cttgatatca ggactgcccc cgcaaatgac tacgcaacag ttacaaaagc ctgtctaaat 780
gtccctaagt gtatcggaat cacggtctgg ggcgtctctg acaagaacag ttggcgtaag 840
gagcacgact cactactatt tgatgctaac tataatccca aacccgcata taccgctgtg 900
gtaaatgccc ttcgt 915
<210> 16
<211> 1332
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Recombinant polynucleotide
<400> 16
gatttctata ttgacgattt cacagcaaca cctgcaaatt tgcctgaaat tgagaaagat 60
attccaagct tgaaagatgt ctttgccggt tatttcaaag tgggtggtgc cgcaactgtg 120
gcggaactgg cgccgaagcc tgcaaaagag cttttcctca agcattataa cagcttgact 180
tttggtaatg agttaaaacc ggaaagtgta cttgactatg atgctacaat tgcttatatg 240
gaggcaaacg gaggcgacca ggttaatccg cagataacct tgagagcggc aagacccctg 300
ttggagtttg cgaaagaaca caacatacct gtaagaggac atacccttgt atggcacagc 360
cagacaccgg actggttctt cagagaaaat tactctcagg acgaaaatgc tccctgggca 420
tccaaggaag taatgctgca aaggttggaa aactacataa agaatttaat ggaagctttg 480
gcgaccgaat atccgacggt taagttctat gcatgggacg ttgtgaatga ggctgttgat 540
cctaatactt cagacggtat gagaactccg ggttcgaata acaaaaatcc cggaagctcc 600
ctgtggatgc aaaccgttgg aagagatttt attgttaaag cttttgaata tgcaagaaaa 660
tatgctcctg cggattgtaa actcttctac aatgactata atgaatatga agacagaaaa 720
tgtgatttta ttattgaaat tcttaccgaa cttaaagcca aaggcctggt tgacggtatg 780
ggtatgcaat cccactgggt tatggattat ccaagcataa gcatgtttga aaaatccatc 840
agaagatatg cagcattggg attggaaatt cagcttaccg agctggatat aagaaatcct 900
gacaacagcc agtgggcttt ggaacgtcag gctaatcgtt ataaggagct tgtaacaaaa 960
ttggtcgatt tgaaaaaaga aggcataaac attacggcat tggtattctg gggaataacc 1020
gacgcgacaa gctggcttgg aggatatccg ctcctgtttg acgcggaata caaggcaaaa 1080
cctgcatttt atgctatagt taacagcgtt ccgccgcttc cgacagaacc gccggttcag 1140
gttatacccg gtgatgtaaa cggtgacggt cgtgtaaatt catccgactt gactcttatg 1200
aaaagatacc ttttaaaatc cataagcgac ttcccgacac cggaaggaaa aattgcggcg 1260
gatttaaacg aagacggcaa ggtaaactcg acagatttgt tagcgctgaa aaaactcgtt 1320
ctgagagaac tt 1332
<210> 17
<211> 1533
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Recombinant polynucleotide
<400> 17
gctctgattt acgatgattt tgaaacaggt ctgaacggat ggggaccaag aggaccggaa 60
accgtcgaac ttaccaccga ggaagcttac tcgggaagat acagtttgaa ggtcagcgga 120
cgtaccagca catggaacgg gcccatggtt gacaaaaccg atgtgttgac tttgggcgaa 180
agctataagt tgggcgtata tgtaaaattc gtgggtgatt cctattcaaa tgagcaaaga 240
ttcagtttgc agcttcaata taacgacgga gcaggagatg tataccaaaa tataaaaacc 300
gccacggttt acaagggaac atggactttg ctggaaggac agcttacagt tcccagccat 360
gcaaaggacg taaaaatata tgtggaaacc gaatttaaaa attctccgag tccgcaggac 420
ttgatggatt tctatattga cgatttcaca gcaacacctg caaatttgcc tgaaattgag 480
aaagatattc caagcttgaa agatgtcttt gccggttatt tcaaagtggg tggtgccgca 540
actgtggcgg aactggcgcc gaagcctgca aaagagcttt tcctcaagca ttataacagc 600
ttgacttttg gtaatgagtt aaaaccggaa agtgtacttg actatgatgc tacaattgct 660
tatatggagg caaacggagg cgaccaggtt aatccgcaga taaccttgag agcggcaaga 720
cccctgttgg agtttgcgaa agaacacaac atacctgtaa gaggacatac ccttgtatgg 780
cacagccaga caccggactg gttcttcaga gaaaattact ctcaggacga aaatgctccc 840
tgggcatcca aggaagtaat gctgcaaagg ttggaaaact acataaagaa tttaatggaa 900
gctttggcga ccgaatatcc gacggttaag ttctatgcat gggacgttgt gaatgaggct 960
gttgatccta atacttcaga cggtatgaga actccgggtt cgaataacaa aaatcccgga 1020
agctccctgt ggatgcaaac cgttggaaga gattttattg ttaaagcttt tgaatatgca 1080
agaaaatatg ctcctgcgga ttgtaaactc ttctacaatg actataatga atatgaagac 1140
agaaaatgtg attttattat tgaaattctt accgaactta aagccaaagg cctggttgac 1200
ggtatgggta tgcaatccca ctgggttatg gattatccaa gcataagcat gtttgaaaaa 1260
tccatcagaa gatatgcagc attgggattg gaaattcagc ttaccgagct ggatataaga 1320
aatcctgaca acagccagtg ggctttggaa cgtcaggcta atcgttataa ggagcttgta 1380
acaaaattgg tcgatttgaa aaaagaaggc ataaacatta cggcattggt attctgggga 1440
ataaccgacg cgacaagctg gcttggagga tatccgctcc tgtttgacgc ggaatacaag 1500
gcaaaacctg cattttatgc tatagttaac agc 1533
<210> 18
<211> 1107
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial sequence
<220>
<223> Recombinant polynucleotide
<400> 18
gatttctata ttgacgattt cacagcaaca cctgcaaatt tgcctgaaat tgagaaagat 60
attccaagct tgaaagatgt ctttgccggt tatttcaaag tgggtggtgc cgcaactgtg 120
gcggaactgg cgccgaagcc tgcaaaagag cttttcctca agcattataa cagcttgact 180
tttggtaatg agttaaaacc ggaaagtgta cttgactatg atgctacaat tgcttatatg 240
gaggcaaacg gaggcgacca ggttaatccg cagataacct tgagagcggc aagacccctg 300
ttggagtttg cgaaagaaca caacatacct gtaagaggac atacccttgt atggcacagc 360
cagacaccgg actggttctt cagagaaaat tactctcagg acgaaaatgc tccctgggca 420
tccaaggaag taatgctgca aaggttggaa aactacataa agaatttaat ggaagctttg 480
gcgaccgaat atccgacggt taagttctat gcatgggacg ttgtgaatga ggctgttgat 540
cctaatactt cagacggtat gagaactccg ggttcgaata acaaaaatcc cggaagctcc 600
ctgtggatgc aaaccgttgg aagagatttt attgttaaag cttttgaata tgcaagaaaa 660
tatgctcctg cggattgtaa actcttctac aatgactata atgaatatga agacagaaaa 720
tgtgatttta ttattgaaat tcttaccgaa cttaaagcca aaggcctggt tgacggtatg 780
ggtatgcaat cccactgggt tatggattat ccaagcataa gcatgtttga aaaatccatc 840
agaagatatg cagcattggg attggaaatt cagcttaccg agctggatat aagaaatcct 900
gacaacagcc agtgggcttt ggaacgtcag gctaatcgtt ataaggagct tgtaacaaaa 960
ttggtcgatt tgaaaaaaga aggcataaac attacggcat tggtattctg gggaataacc 1020
gacgcgacaa gctggcttgg aggatatccg ctcctgtttg acgcggaata caaggcaaaa 1080
cctgcatttt atgctatagt taacagc 1107
<210> 19
<211> 603
<212> DNA
<213> Herbivorax saccincola
<400> 19
cgtactgtaa catcaaatga aataggcaca cacgggggat atgactttga attttgggta 60
gattccggtt cagggtctat gactttaaaa gacggcgggg cttttagctg tcagtggagt 120
aatataaaca atatattatt ccgtaaaggc cgcaaatttg accaaaccaa gacacatcaa 180
caacttggta atattgtggt ggaatacgca gctgactacc gtccaaatgg aaactcatac 240
ctatgtatct acggttggac agttgatccc ctggtagagt actatatcat tgaaagctgg 300
ggcaactggc gtcctccggg agcacagtca aagggtatga ttacagtgga cggcggtaca 360
tacgacattt atgagactac aagggttaac cagccttcca ttataggtac tgcaactttc 420
caacagtatt ggagtgttag aacatctaaa aaaacaagcg gtactgtatc tgtaagccag 480
cacttcagag cttgggaaag catgggcatg aaaatgggta aaatgtatga agttgctact 540
acagtagagg gataccagag cagcggttct gcagacgttt ataaaaacgt aattaccatt 600
ggc 603
Claims (18)
1.一种用于制备包含黑麦的食物产品的方法,所述黑麦包含阿拉伯木聚糖,并且所述方法包括以下步骤:
·制备初级食物混合物;
·向所述初级食物混合物中添加包含至少一种糖苷水解酶家族10(GH10)酶的组合物;和
·加工所述初级食物混合物以产生所述包含黑麦的食物产品;
其中添加所述至少一种GH10酶导致生面团改良。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述至少一种GH10酶具有半纤维素分解活性,优选木聚糖分解活性。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述加工是指利用热诸如烘焙、蒸煮、烹饪或其他加热来处理所述初级食物混合物。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中在所述初级食物混合物的混合和/或掺和期间添加所述包含至少一种GH10酶的组合物。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述包含至少一种GH10酶的组合物进一步包含另一物质,所述另一物质选自其他酶、水状胶质、乳化剂、氧化剂、脂肪和脂质、调味剂、(多)糖、蛋白质、盐和酸、膨发剂、乳和奶酪产品或它们的混合物。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中以选自以下的形式将所述至少一种GH10酶添加至所述初级食物混合物中:细胞提取物、无细胞提取物、部分纯化的蛋白质和纯化的蛋白质。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述包含至少一种GH10酶的组合物进一步包含酶载体和任选的稳定剂和/或防腐剂和/或另一选自膨胀剂、填充剂、粘合剂、风味掩蔽剂、苦味阻滞剂和活性增强剂的物质。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述至少一种GH10酶是从微生物中分离的。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述至少一种GH10酶是重组酶。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中生面团改良是指改良生面团加工,使得增加生面团稳定性,降低生面团耐延展性,降低粘性和/或改良最终食物产品的质量,使得所述最终食物产品显示出较不致密的结构、增加的柔软度、增加的体积、均匀的孔分布和/或较软的面包屑结构。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中当与不使用本发明的GH10酶加工的生面团相比时,生面团改良是指生面团稳定性增加在115%和225%的范围内,生面团耐延展性降低在9%和30%的范围内,生面团粘性降低在8%和18%的范围内,面包屑硬度降低在18%和49%的范围内,和/或体积增加在108%和122%的范围内。
12.GH10酶在生产包含阿拉伯木聚糖的食物产品中的用途。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法或用途,其中所述GH10酶包含多肽或由多肽组成,所述多肽与选自SEQ ID NO:1-6的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性,并且显示半纤维素分解活性。
14.具有半纤维素分解活性的GH10酶,其包含多肽或由多肽组成,所述多肽与根据SEQID NO 4至6的多肽具有至少75%的氨基酸序列相同性,前提条件是所述GH10酶不是SEQ IDNO:1、2的多肽或SEQ ID NO:3的多肽。
15.一种核酸分子,其包含编码权利要求14所述的GH10酶的核酸序列或由编码权利要求14所述的GH10酶的核酸序列组成。
16.一种表达载体,其包含权利要求15所述的核酸分子。
17.一种宿主细胞,其包含权利要求15的核酸或权利要求16的表达载体,其中所述宿主细胞表达权利要求14所述的GH10酶。
18.一种产生权利要求15所述的GH10酶的方法,所述方法包括在允许产生所述酶的条件下培养根据权利要求17所述的宿主细胞,以及从培养物中回收所述酶。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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EP17202797.1A EP3485734A1 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2017-11-21 | Method for preparing food products comprising rye |
EP17202797.1 | 2017-11-21 | ||
PCT/EP2018/082081 WO2019101794A1 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | Method for preparing food products comprising rye |
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US (1) | US20200305444A1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP3485734A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN111615335A (zh) |
EA (1) | EA202091280A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019101794A1 (zh) |
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CN115530200A (zh) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-30 | 上海早苗食品有限公司 | 一种面包改良剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN115938494A (zh) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-04-07 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | 气相化学模块的dcu加速计算方法、设备及存储介质 |
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AU2020335238A1 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2022-03-24 | Ab Enzymes Gmbh | Use of GH12 cellulases in preparing bakery products comprising rye-flour |
WO2023225459A2 (en) | 2022-05-14 | 2023-11-23 | Novozymes A/S | Compositions and methods for preventing, treating, supressing and/or eliminating phytopathogenic infestations and infections |
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- 2017-11-21 EP EP17202797.1A patent/EP3485734A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2018
- 2018-11-21 US US16/765,550 patent/US20200305444A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-11-21 WO PCT/EP2018/082081 patent/WO2019101794A1/en unknown
- 2018-11-21 EP EP18803450.8A patent/EP3713421A1/en active Pending
- 2018-11-21 CN CN201880087057.6A patent/CN111615335A/zh active Pending
- 2018-11-21 EA EA202091280A patent/EA202091280A1/ru unknown
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TW201122105A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2011-07-01 | Academia Sinica | Polycistronic expression cassettes for producing cellulosomes and applications thereof |
CN103607910A (zh) * | 2011-05-04 | 2014-02-26 | 莱法科特公司 | 包含黑麦的食品产品 |
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CN115530200A (zh) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-30 | 上海早苗食品有限公司 | 一种面包改良剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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EP3713421A1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
WO2019101794A1 (en) | 2019-05-31 |
EA202091280A1 (ru) | 2020-09-08 |
EP3485734A1 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
US20200305444A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
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