CN111602510B - Semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking device - Google Patents
Semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111602510B CN111602510B CN202010609185.1A CN202010609185A CN111602510B CN 111602510 B CN111602510 B CN 111602510B CN 202010609185 A CN202010609185 A CN 202010609185A CN 111602510 B CN111602510 B CN 111602510B
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 45
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a semiautomatic mulberry leaf picking device, which comprises a left mulberry leaf picking mechanism and a right mulberry leaf picking mechanism which are symmetrical; each mulberry leaf picking mechanism consists of a rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly, a leaf picking knife assembly, a knife bar guide frame, a leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod and a right-angle supporting seat; the rack and pinion transmission mechanism component and the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod are arranged on the right-angle supporting seat and are close to the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat; the cutter bar guide frame is arranged on the transverse horizontal plane of the right-angle supporting seat and is far away from the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat; the cutter bar guide frame is sleeved on the leaf picking cutter assembly; the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod is used for triggering a starting instruction of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly; the rack and pinion transmission mechanism component is connected with the leaf picking knife component. The device can realize that the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly moves up and down, drives the leaf picking knife assembly to realize picking of the mulberry leaves, and effectively increases the efficiency of picking the mulberry leaves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mulberry leaf picking machinery, and particularly relates to a semiautomatic mulberry leaf picking device.
Background
Along with the implementation of east mulberry and west shift engineering, the silkworm breeding in China is in a vigorous stage at present, but the mulberry leaves picked in China are picked by hand, the time of picking by hand is long, the labor intensity is high, and the hands of farmers are injured. The state is to keep the income of farmers to be continuously and rapidly increased, so that the development of agricultural mechanization is required, and the agricultural mechanization is an important material foundation for promoting modern agricultural construction.
In recent years, although mulberry leaf picking machinery has developed to some extent, for example, a mulberry leaf picker with a patent number 201120287574.3 in the aspect of picking mulberry leaves, the tool has the advantages of high speed, no hurt to hands when picking the mulberry leaves, small volume, single hand holding in palm of hands and left and right hands. The weight is light and less than 150 g, the mulberry twig picking machine is applicable to various mulberry varieties, and can pick mulberry twigs with different sizes quickly; a novel mulberry leaf picking machine with a patent number 201220176574, wherein a concave S-shaped guide plate is arranged at the front lower part of a battery storage driver and consists of a conveyor belt with toothed nails, a collecting fan, rollers, a connecting rod, a lower collecting plate, wheels, a threshing wheel, an upper collecting net, a control rod and a leaf outlet; it still requires much of the labor to operate. The appearance of the mulberry leaf picker can greatly reduce the labor intensity of farmers, but the design of the mulberry leaf picker does not change the picking mode of mulberry farmers, and mainly depends on the labor force of the mulberry farmers.
At present, some picking machines are also used, and the efficiency of picking mulberry leaves is lower. Therefore, based on the current picking mode and the current situation, the labor force of workers is further reduced, and an automatic mulberry leaf picking device is highly demanded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking device which at least partially solves the technical problems, can further reduce the labor intensity of mulberry farmers, helps the mulberry farmers to release from heavy labor, realizes man-machine combination, flexibly operates and improves the working efficiency of mulberry leaf picking.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking device comprises a left mulberry leaf picking mechanism and a right mulberry leaf picking mechanism which are symmetrical; each mulberry leaf picking mechanism consists of a rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly, a leaf picking knife assembly, a knife bar guide frame, a leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod and a right-angle supporting seat;
The rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly and the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod are arranged on the right-angle supporting seat and are close to the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat;
the cutter bar guide frame is arranged on the transverse horizontal plane of the right-angle supporting seat and is far away from the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat; the cutter bar guide frame is sleeved on the leaf picking cutter assembly;
The leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod is used for triggering a starting instruction of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly; the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly is connected with the leaf picking knife assembly.
Further, the rack and pinion gear assembly includes: the device comprises a longitudinal displacement rack assembly, a fixed gear assembly, a bearing seat assembly and a transverse displacement rack assembly;
The longitudinal displacement rack assembly is arranged on the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat;
the transverse displacement rack assembly is arranged on a transverse horizontal plane of the right-angle supporting seat;
the fixed gear assembly is arranged on the right-angle supporting seat through the bearing seat assembly, so that the fixed gear assembly is meshed with the longitudinal displacement rack assembly and the transverse displacement rack assembly respectively;
one end of the transverse displacement rack component is connected with the leaf picking knife component.
Further, the longitudinal displacement rack assembly comprises a longitudinal rack, a longitudinal fixed sliding seat, a longitudinal sliding cover and a torsion spring;
The longitudinal fixed sliding seat and the longitudinal sliding cover are combined to form a cavity, and a torsion spring is arranged in the cavity; the longitudinal rack is arranged on the longitudinal sliding cover outside the cavity.
Further, the longitudinal sliding cover is close to the left side edge and the right side edge, and torsion spring fixing convex columns are respectively arranged at the high position of one side edge and the low position of the other side edge;
The torsion spring is provided with a zero limit point for the thrust reversing of the required displacement distance, steel wires at two ends of the torsion spring are respectively twisted to form circles and sleeved on the torsion spring fixing convex column.
Further, the side edge of the longitudinal fixing sliding seat is provided with a stop block, and the middle of the longitudinal fixing sliding seat is provided with a pit.
Further, the leaf picking knife assembly comprises a knife bar and a knife blade; the blade is fixedly connected to one end of the cutter bar through a screw; the other end of the cutter bar is connected with the outer side end of the transverse displacement rack through a screw.
Further, the blade is provided with a semicircular edge.
Further, the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod comprises: upper and lower touch bars 02;
The upper touch rod and the lower touch rod are respectively provided with an adjusting screw rod, and the distance between each upper touch rod and a contact point of the travel switch is realized through the adjusting screw rods of the knob touch rods.
Further, the right-angle supporting seat is made of carbon steel, cast iron or aluminum alloy;
The vertical outer side surface of the right-angle supporting seat is fixed on the longitudinal sliding table through a screw.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
A semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking device comprises a left mulberry leaf picking mechanism and a right mulberry leaf picking mechanism which are symmetrical; each mulberry leaf picking mechanism consists of a rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly, a leaf picking knife assembly, a knife bar guide frame, a leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod and a right-angle supporting seat; the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly and the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod are arranged on the right-angle supporting seat and are close to the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat; the cutter bar guide frame is arranged on the transverse horizontal plane of the right-angle supporting seat and is far away from the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat; the cutter bar guide frame is sleeved on the leaf picking cutter assembly; the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod is used for triggering a starting instruction of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly; the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly is connected with the leaf picking knife assembly. The device can realize that the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly moves up and down, drives the leaf picking knife assembly to realize picking of the mulberry leaves, and effectively increases the efficiency of picking the mulberry leaves.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking machine provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the walking device provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a gantry mechanism provided by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the Hibiscus branch device provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an upper stop push rod assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a lower stop push rod assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a mulberry leaf harvesting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a different angular view of a longitudinally displaced rack assembly of the mulberry leaf harvesting apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a logic diagram of an electric control system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in figure 1, the semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking machine comprises an electric control system, a traveling device 1, a portal frame mechanism 2, a Hibiscus branch device 3, an upper limit push rod assembly 4, a lower limit push rod assembly 5 and a mulberry leaf picking device 6;
The electric control system comprises a control unit, and a power supply battery, a power switch, a mulberry twig induction travel switch, a Hibiscus rosa motion travel switch, a Hibiscus rosa servo motor and a driver thereof, an upper mulberry leaf collecting travel switch, a lower mulberry leaf collecting travel switch, a mulberry leaf collecting servo motor and a driver thereof which are respectively connected with the control unit.
The control unit can be a PLC controller or a singlechip loaded with a control program; wherein the PLC controller is a programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC), a digital electronic device with a microprocessor, a digital logic controller for automated control. The PLC can load control instructions of the mulberry twig induction travel switch, the Hibiscus action servo motor and a driver thereof, the upper mulberry leaf collecting travel switch, the lower mulberry leaf collecting travel switch, the mulberry leaf collecting servo motor and a driver thereof into a memory for storage and execution.
The portal frame mechanism 2 is arranged on the travelling device 1; a power supply battery and a control unit are arranged on a beam of the portal frame mechanism 2; the power switch is arranged on the running gear. Two longitudinal beams of the portal frame mechanism 2 are sequentially installed from top to bottom: the device comprises a Hibiscus branch device 3, an upper limit push rod assembly 4, a mulberry leaf picking device 6 and a lower limit push rod assembly 5; the mulberry twig induction travel switch, the hibiscus movement travel switch, the hibiscus branch servo motor and the driver thereof are respectively arranged on the hibiscus branch device 3; the upper mulberry leaf picking travel switch is arranged on the upper limit push rod component 4; the lower mulberry leaf picking travel switch is arranged below the lower limiting push rod assembly and is positioned on the traveling device. The mulberry leaf picking servo motor and a driver thereof are arranged on a longitudinal beam of the portal frame mechanism (2) and are used for driving the mulberry leaf picking device 6 to move up and down;
the control unit controls the operation of the Hibiscus-manihot servo motor and the driver thereof according to the signals of the Hibiscus-manihot induction travel switch and the Hibiscus-manihot movement travel switch, thereby realizing the Hibiscus-manihot operation of the Hibiscus-manihot device 3; and according to signals of the upper mulberry leaf collecting travel switch and the lower mulberry leaf collecting travel switch, a mulberry leaf collecting servo motor and a driver thereof drive the mulberry leaf collecting device 6 to move up and down along two longitudinal beams of the portal frame mechanism 2 between the upper limit push rod assembly 4 and the lower limit push rod assembly 5, so as to realize mulberry leaf collecting operation of the mulberry leaf collecting device 6.
In the embodiment, the traveling device and the portal frame mechanism are assembled, so that the cross-mulberry traveling in the mulberry plantation can be realized; the electric control system is provided with induction travel switches at different positions to control the passage and the disconnection of a circuit in a sectionalized manner, so that the Hibiscus-manifolding servo motor and a driver thereof drive the Hibiscus-manifolding device to be opened and closed, and further the mulberry leaf collecting servo motor and the driver thereof drive the upper push rod component and the lower push rod component of the mulberry leaf collecting device to realize the closing and the downward movement, the opening and the upward movement, and finally the circulatory action of picking the sequence of the mulberry leaves is realized to realize the Hibiscus-manifolding and the mulberry leaf collecting; further reduces the labor intensity of mulberry farmers, helps them to release from heavy labor, realizes man-machine combination, flexible operation and improves the mulberry leaf picking speed and rate.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the running gear 1 includes two symmetrical running mechanisms; each travelling mechanism comprises: the directional roller assembly 101, the universal roller assembly 102, the supporting cross beam 105, the mulberry leaf containing box 107 and the handle 108;
One end of the bottom of the supporting beam 105 is provided with a universal roller assembly 102, and the other end of the bottom is provided with a directional roller assembly 101; a handle 108 is arranged at one end of the top close to the directional roller assembly 101; the power switch is arranged on the handle 108, so that the power can be conveniently turned on and off manually, and the operation is started; the mulberry leaf storage box 107 is mounted on the inner side of the supporting beam 105; the upper end faces of the two supporting beams 105 are fixedly connected with the two longitudinal beams of the portal frame mechanism 2 through standard right-angle connecting seats 7. The standard right-angle connecting seat 7 is isosceles triangle-shaped in appearance, and the middle part is hollowed out to reduce the total weight of the equipment.
The two corresponding mulberry leaf storage boxes 107 are spaced by a preset distance to form the passing aisle width of the mulberry; the preset distance is set according to the growth condition of the mulberry plants. A front side surface of the mulberry leaf containing box 107 is provided with an inclined beam 10701, one end of the inclined beam 10701 is connected with the inner side surface of the supporting beam 105, and the other end of the inclined beam 10701 is connected with an end point of the mulberry leaf containing box 107 far away from the supporting beam 105; while increasing the firmness of the mulberry leaf storage box 107, the front half part between the two mulberry She Shouna boxes 107 can be formed into a V-shaped guide opening as an inlet of a mulberry; the front end of the mulberry leaf storage box 107 has a trapezoid or triangle cross section, and the rear half forms an elongated channel as a passage of the mulberry tree, so that the elongated channel has an isosceles trapezoid or isosceles triangle cross section. Is favorable for gathering mulberry branches and improving trafficability.
In addition, the roller assembly can be arranged to be adjustable in height in order to adapt to various geographic environments, such as a ground with a gradient; the roller assembly 102 is connected with the supporting beam 105 through an adjustable assembly; the adjustable assembly includes: height adjustable support legs 103, adjustment nuts 104 and lock nuts 106; the lower end of the height-adjustable supporting leg 103 is provided with a roller assembly, and the upper end of the height-adjustable supporting leg is arranged on the supporting beam 105 through a locking nut 106; the adjusting nut 104 is mounted on the drive screw of the height-adjustable support foot 103.
When the mulberry leaf picking personnel hand grips push the walking device, the whole equipment can be driven to walk forwards; the height-adjustable supporting leg 103 is formed by welding a steel flange and a transmission screw, and the size of the steel flange and the position of an opening of the steel flange are consistent with the mounting flange of the roller assembly; the height-adjustable support leg 103 is lockingly connected to the roller assembly by a lock nut 106. The adjusting nut 104 is made of cast iron, carbon steel and aluminum alloy, a handle capable of being manually turned is arranged, the adjusting nut 104 is assembled on a transmission screw rod of the height-adjustable supporting leg 103, and a person can turn the adjusting nut 104 in a forward and reverse rotation mode, so that the adjusting nut 104 can realize up and down displacement.
The two supporting beams 105 are left and right supporting beams, which are symmetrical and are made of cast iron, carbon steel and aluminum alloy; the support beam 105 is provided with mounting holes connected to the mulberry leaf storage box 107. The two lower limit push rod assemblies 5 may be mounted on two stringers of the gantry mechanism 2, or may be mounted in the middle of two support beams 105 and on the same straight line with the two stringers of the gantry mechanism 2. Therefore, the supporting beam 105 is also provided with a mounting vacancy of the lower limit push rod assembly 5, and is provided with a mounting position of the lower mulberry leaf picking travel switch IV. Two ends of the handle are respectively provided with a sleeve through hole, one end of the handle is also provided with a hole site for mounting and connecting with the handle, and the middle part of the handle is provided with a mounting hole for connecting with the portal frame mechanism 2; the supporting beam 105 is sleeved on the transmission screw of the supporting leg 103 with adjustable height through the sleeve through hole and is lapped on the upper end face of the adjusting nut 104. Wherein the supporting beam 105 is provided with
The mulberry leaf containing box 107 is made of a thin-walled steel plate or an aluminum alloy sheet; as shown in fig. 2, the mulberry leaf guide device is divided into a left storage box and a right storage box which are symmetrical and are fixedly connected to corresponding left and right supporting beams through screws, after the left storage box and the right storage box are installed and fixed, a V-shaped guide opening is formed in the front half part between the left storage box and the right storage box and is used as a mulberry leaf guide opening, and a long and narrow passage is formed in the rear half part of the left storage box and the right storage box and is used as a mulberry leaf passage; the handle 108 has a power switch mounting hole 10801 near the hand-held end, and a through hole at the other end for mounting and connecting with the support beam, and is fastened and connected with the support beam by a bolt and a nut.
In the embodiment, the height of the roller on the walking device is adjustable, so that the roller can adapt to the geographic environment and the height of the mulberry; a V-shaped guide opening and a long and narrow passage are formed by arranging the mulberry leaf storage box and are used as the guide opening of the mulberry tree and pass through the passage, so that the integration of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis branches, picking the mulberry leaves and collecting the mulberry leaves is realized.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the portal frame mechanism 2 mainly comprises two groups of closed transmission guide rail upright posts 201, two bridging cross beams 202 and standard angle connecting pieces 203; the closed transmission guide rail upright posts 201 form longitudinal beams; two ends of the bridging beam 202 are respectively arranged on two groups of closed transmission guide rail upright posts 201 through standard angle connectors 203. The standard corner connector 203 can also be in a right-angle triangle shape, is made of cast iron, carbon steel and aluminum alloy, is assembled at the lower part of the upright post of the closed transmission guide rail, and is used for connecting the bridging beam 202 and the upright post 201 of the closed transmission guide rail, and is fastened and connected through bolts; the middle part is hollowed out to reduce the total weight of the equipment.
The sealed transmission guide rail upright column 201 is a precise electric sealed transmission guide rail upright column sliding table component, and is provided with a ball screw and an end support seat 20101 thereof, a sliding guide rail and a longitudinal transmission sliding table 20102, wherein the sliding guide rail is provided with an upper limit push rod component 4 mounting hole site, the longitudinal transmission sliding table 20102 is used for being assembled with a mulberry leaf collecting device 6, and a mulberry leaf collecting servo motor and a driver V thereof can be mounted on the sealed transmission guide rail upright column 201.
The bridging beam 202 is a universal aluminum alloy profile and is used for connecting two groups of closed transmission guide rail upright posts 201 to form a door shape, and the bridging beam is provided with a mounting vacancy of a power supply battery and a control unit.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the above-mentioned Hibiscus-tie-rod device 3 comprises two groups of transverse electric open ball screw transmission components 301, two groups of sliding guide rail components 302, a pair of Hibiscus-tie-rod clamps 303 and left and right transverse supporting seats 304; the ball screw transmission assembly 301 and the sliding guide rail assembly 302 are arranged on the transverse supporting seat 304; the Highway clamp 303 is mounted on the sliding rail assembly 302;
The ball screw transmission assembly 301 is provided with a Hibiscus branch servo motor and a driver II thereof; the servo motor of the Hibiscus branch and a driver II thereof drive the sliding guide rail assembly 302 through the ball screw transmission assembly 301, thereby realizing the driving of the Hibiscus clamp 303 to move horizontally.
Specifically, the transverse electric open type ball screw transmission assembly 301 is provided with a ball screw 30101, a transverse supporting seat 30102, a screw transmission sliding table 30103, a servo motor connecting seat 30104 and a screw end supporting seat 30105. The servo motor connecting seat 30104 is used for fixedly mounting a Hibiscus branch servo motor and a driver II thereof; the slide rail assembly 302 includes a slide rail 30201 and a rail slide table 30202; the Hibiscus-tie-anchor clamps 303 comprise Hibiscus-tie-anchor clamps 30301 and clamp connecting plates 30302, wherein the side surfaces of the Hibiscus-tie-anchor clamps 30301 are provided with anti-collision plastic or rubber; the hibiscus clamp 303 is generally made of steel or aluminum alloy, and is fastened and connected with one end of a clamp connecting plate 30302 through screws; the chuck connecting plate 30302 is generally made of steel or aluminum alloy, the middle part of the chuck connecting plate is fixedly connected with the guide rail sliding table 30202 through screws, and the other end of the chuck connecting plate is fixedly connected with the screw rod transmission sliding table 30103 through screws. The left and right transverse supporting seats 304 are made of carbon steel, cast iron and aluminum alloy, the supporting seat horizontal plane 30401 is used for installing and supporting the transverse electric open ball screw transmission assembly 301 and the sliding guide rail assembly 302, and the middle part is provided with a Hibiscus-rest motion travel switch installation hole site and a Hibiscus-rest motion travel switch; and one end close to the Hibiscus-sinensis clamping head is provided with a mulberry-branch induction travel switch I mounting hole site, and the mulberry-branch induction travel switch I is mounted. The components and the travel switch are fastened by bolts, and the vertical plane 30402 of the supporting seat is connected with the portal frame upright post 2 by bolts.
The operating principle and main functions of the Hibiscus branch device are as follows: when the mulberry branch induction travel switch I is touched by a mulberry branch trunk near the mulberry shoot tip position, the left and right mulberry branch servo motors are triggered to work and drive the ball screw 30101 connected with the left and right mulberry branch servo motors to rotate, the rotation of the ball screw 30101 enables the left and right screw transmission sliding tables 30103 to be close to the middle, namely, the hibiscus clamp 303 arranged on the screw transmission sliding tables 30103 is simultaneously folded to the middle until a hibiscus motion travel switch touch rod in the middle of the clamp connecting plate touches the travel switch, the mulberry branch servo motors stop working, and meanwhile, the hibiscus clamp clamps the mulberry branch trunk near the mulberry shoot tip position, so that the mulberry shoot tip is relatively stable and cannot swing; at this time, the control unit controls the mulberry leaf collecting servo motor to start working.
In the embodiment, the control unit acquires the induction signals of the mulberry twig induction travel switch and the Hibiscus action travel switch, controls the operation of the Hibiscus action servo motor and the driver thereof, realizes the automatic control of the Hibiscus action device, realizes the fixation of the mulberry twigs through the Hibiscus action clamp, prepares for the mulberry leaves to be picked, and improves the operation efficiency.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the upper limit push rod assembly 4 is two sets of upper limit mechanisms, each set includes an upper limit push rod 401, an upper adjusting screw 402, an upper lock nut 403, and an upper push rod bracket 404; each group of upper limiting mechanisms is arranged on the inner side surface of the upper half part of the corresponding closed transmission guide rail upright column 201;
The upper limit push rod 401 is made of medium carbon steel, is required to be subjected to thermal refining, is provided with a slotted hole capable of adjusting the installation position, and is fastened on the upper push rod bracket 404 through two screws; the upper push rod bracket 404 is provided with two upper limit push rod 401 mounting screw holes and an adjusting screw hole, the axial direction of the adjusting screw hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the two upper limit push rod 401 mounting screw holes, the upper adjusting screw 402 is assembled on the adjusting screw hole, and the axial direction of the upper adjusting screw 402 is consistent with the axial direction of the upper limit push rod 401 and is basically in a straight line.
When the upper limit push rod 401 is mounted on the upper push rod bracket 404, the upper limit push rod 401 can be ensured to keep stable and unchanged in position all the time when being subjected to thrust by screwing the upper adjusting screw 402, so that the screw end surface abuts against the upper limit push rod 401 end surface, and screwing the upper locking nut 403 locks the upper adjusting screw 402; when the position of the upper limit push rod 401 which is installed and fixed is found to be not suitable for normal operation of the equipment, the position of the upper limit push rod 401 can be finely adjusted by loosening the upper lock nut 403 and screwing the upper adjusting screw 402 until the position requirement is met, and then the upper adjusting screw 402 is locked by screwing the upper lock nut 403 again.
The upper limit push rod assembly 4 is arranged at a higher position of the upper half part of the upright post of the closed longitudinal sliding guide rail of the portal frame mechanism 2, and the specific position of the upper limit push rod assembly is required to be set according to the actual height of the mulberry. Wherein, upper mulberry leaf travel switch III is installed above upper adjusting screw 402 and is located on upper push rod bracket 404.
Further, as described with reference to fig. 6, the lower limit push rod assembly 5 is two sets of lower limit mechanisms; each group of lower limiting mechanisms comprises a lower limiting push rod 501, a lower adjusting screw 502, a lower locking nut 503 and a lower push rod bracket 504; each group of lower limiting mechanisms is arranged on the inner side surface of the lower half part of the corresponding closed transmission guide rail upright post.
The lower limit push rod 501 is made of medium carbon steel, is required to be subjected to thermal refining, is provided with a slotted hole capable of adjusting the installation position, and is fastened on the lower push rod bracket 504 through two screws; the lower push rod bracket 504 is provided with two lower limit push rod 501 mounting screw holes and an adjusting screw hole, the axial direction of the adjusting screw hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the two lower limit push rod 501 mounting screw holes, the lower adjusting screw 502 is assembled on the adjusting screw hole, and the axial direction of the lower adjusting screw 502 is consistent with the axial direction of the lower limit push rod 501 and is basically in a straight line.
When the lower limit push rod 501 is arranged on the lower push rod bracket 504, the screw end surface is propped against the lower limit push rod 501 end surface by screwing the lower adjusting screw 502, the lower adjusting screw 502 is locked by screwing the lower locking nut 503, and the locked lower adjusting screw 502 can ensure that the position of the lower limit push rod 501 is always kept stable when being pushed; when the position of the fixed lower limit push rod 501 is found to be unsuitable for normal operation of the equipment, the lower limit push rod 501 can be finely adjusted by loosening the lower lock nut 503 and screwing the lower adjusting screw 502 until the position requirement is met, and then screwing the lower lock nut 503 again to lock the lower adjusting screw 502.
The upper limit push rod assembly 5 is arranged at the lower position of the lower half part of the upright post of the closed longitudinal sliding guide rail of the portal frame mechanism 2, and the specific position of the upper limit push rod assembly is required to be set according to the actual height of the mulberry.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the mulberry leaf picking device 6 comprises a left rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly 601, a left leaf picking knife assembly 602, a left knife bar guide 603, two groups of leaf picking motion travel switch touch bars 604 and two groups of right-angle supporting seats 605.
Wherein, the rack and pinion transmission mechanism component 601 and the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod 604 are arranged on the right-angle supporting seat 605 and are close to the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat 605;
The cutter bar guide 603 is arranged on the transverse horizontal plane of the right-angle supporting seat 605 and is far away from the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat 605; the cutter bar guide 603 is sleeved on the leaf picking cutter assembly 602; the rack and pinion gear assembly 601 is connected with the leaf picking cutter assembly 602; the two ends of the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod 604 are respectively corresponding to an upper leaf picking travel switch III and a lower leaf picking travel switch IV; the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod 604 is used for triggering a starting instruction of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly 601; the rack and pinion gear assembly 601 is coupled to a leaf picker assembly 602. Can realize the up-and-down movement through the rack-and-pinion drive mechanism subassembly, drive pluck leaf cutter subassembly and realize picking the mulberry leaf, effectively increase the efficiency of picking the mulberry leaf.
Further, the mulberry leaf picking device 6 can be assembled on the portal frame longitudinal sliding table 20102; the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly 601 specifically comprises a longitudinal displacement rack assembly 60101, a fixed gear assembly 60102, a bearing seat assembly 60103 and a transverse displacement rack assembly 60104;
the longitudinal displacement rack assembly 60101 is mounted on the longitudinal vertical inner side of the right angle support seat 605; the transverse displacement rack assembly 60104 is mounted on the transverse horizontal plane of the right angle support block 605; the fixed gear assembly 60102 is mounted on the right-angle support seat 605 through a bearing seat assembly 60103, so that the fixed gear assembly 60102 is respectively meshed with the longitudinal displacement rack assembly 60101 and the transverse displacement rack assembly 60104; one end of the lateral displacement rack assembly 60104 is connected to the leaf picker assembly 602.
As shown in fig. 8, the longitudinal displacement rack assembly 60101 specifically includes a longitudinal rack 6010101, a longitudinal fixed slide 6010102, a longitudinal slide 6010103, and a secondary thrust torsion spring 6010104;
A stop block 601010201 is arranged on the side edge of the longitudinal fixing sliding seat 6010102 and can prevent the rack from horizontally displacing when the rack is meshed with the gear; the middle is provided with a pit 601010202 which is convenient for installing the torsion spring.
The longitudinal sliding cover 6010103 is close to the left side edge and the right side edge, the left side edge high position and the right side edge low position are respectively provided with a torsion spring fixing convex column 601010301 (or the left side edge low position and the right side edge high position are respectively provided with a torsion spring fixing convex column), the longitudinal fixing sliding seat 60010102 and the longitudinal sliding cover 6010103 are combined to form a cavity, and the cavity is provided with an auxiliary thrust torsion spring 6010104;
The auxiliary thrust torsion spring 6010104 is provided with a zero limit point for thrust reversing with a required displacement distance, steel wires at two ends of the auxiliary thrust torsion spring are respectively twisted to form a circle, and the circle can be just sleeved on the torsion spring fixing convex column 601010301. The longitudinal rack 6010101 is fixed to the longitudinal slide 6010103, and the torsion spring 6010104 is fixed to the other side of the longitudinal slide 6010103 (the rack is fixed to the longitudinal slide 6010103, and the torsion spring is fixed to the other side).
The longitudinal displacement rack 6010101 is engaged with the fixed gear assembly 60102 and the fixed gear assembly 60102 is engaged with the lateral displacement rack assembly 60104.
Specifically, the leaf picking knife assembly 602 specifically includes a knife bar 60201 and a knife blade 60202, which are fastened by a screw, and the other end of the knife bar 60201 is connected with the outer end of a transverse displacement rack 60104 by a screw; the cutter bar guide 603 is located near the end of the transverse horizontal plane of the right-angle supporting seat 605, and is sleeved with the cutter bar, so that the cutter bar guide 603 guides the displacement of the cutter bar, and the blade 60202 is provided with a semicircular edge.
The above-mentioned plucking motion travel switch touching rod 604 is divided into an upper touching rod 60401 and a lower touching rod 60402, the upper touching rod and the lower touching rod are respectively provided with a self-provided adjusting screw 60403, and the distance between each touching rod and a travel switch contact can be realized through knob touching rod screw 60403, so that the positioning adjustment is convenient. For example, when the equipment is assembled, a screw rod needs to be manually adjusted, so that the mulberry picking device 6 is ensured to reach a designated position and then a travel switch is triggered.
The right-angle supporting seat 605 is made of carbon steel, cast iron or aluminum alloy; the vertical outer side surface of the right-angle supporting seat 605 is fixed on the longitudinal sliding table 20102 through a screw, the inner side surface is assembled with the longitudinal displacement rack assembly 60101 through a bolt, and the transverse horizontal surface is assembled with the transverse displacement rack assembly 60104 near the right-angle end.
The working principle and main functions of the mulberry leaf picking device are as follows: when the Hibiscus-manifolding chuck of the Hibiscus-manifolding device clamps the trunk part of the mulberry near the mulberry tip so that the mulberry tip is relatively stable and does not swing, the control unit controls the mulberry leaf collecting servo motor and the driver V thereof to work and drives the ball screw on the closed type transmission guide rail upright column 201 to rotate so as to realize the up-and-down movement of the right-angle supporting seat 605; when one end of the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod 604 touches the upper leaf picking travel switch III or the lower leaf picking travel switch IV, the leaf picking servo motor is controlled to work reversely to drive the ball screw to rotate reversely; the right-angle supporting seat 605 moves up and down to drive the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly 601, and the mulberry picking operation is realized through the leaf picking knife assembly 602.
In the embodiment, the mulberry leaf picking device is used for automatically controlling the mulberry leaf picking servo motor and the driver thereof under the induction of the upper mulberry leaf picking travel switch and the lower mulberry leaf picking travel switch, and the mulberry leaf picking assembly is driven to pick the mulberry leaves through the up-and-down movement of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly, so that the mulberry leaf picking efficiency is effectively improved.
The embodiment of the invention provides a semiautomatic mulberry leaf picking machine, which has the following whole working process:
When the power switch arranged on the handle 108 of the mulberry leaf picking machine is manually turned on and the mulberry leaf picking machine is pushed to walk forwards, the mulberry stems pass through the mulberry leaf picking machine along the V-shaped guide opening 10703, in the process, when the high-position mulberry stems touch the mulberry leaf induction travel switch arranged on the mulberry leaf-supporting device 3, the sensor immediately feeds back a signal to the control unit, the control unit sends a command to prompt the two mulberry leaf-supporting servo motors to perform the work of the mulberry leaves, namely the left and right mulberry leaf-supporting servo motors work and drive the ball screw 30101 connected with the left and right mulberry leaf-supporting servo motors to rotate, the rotation of the ball screw 30101 closes the left and right screw transmission slipways 30103 towards the middle, namely the mulberry leaf-supporting clamp 303 arranged on the screw transmission slipway 30103 folds towards the middle at the same time, and the work of the mulberry leaf-supporting servo motor stops until the travel switch is touched by the mulberry leaf-supporting travel switch in the middle of the clamp connecting plate 30302, and meanwhile the mulberry leaf-supporting clamp 30301 clamps the mulberry leaf trunk part close to the position of the mulberry leaf supporting point so that the mulberry leaf is relatively stable and does not generate swing.
At this time, the mulberry leaf picking servo motor starts to work and drives the ball screw on the closed transmission guide rail upright column 201 to rotate, the longitudinal transmission sliding table 20102 slides upwards under the rotation thrust of the ball screw, the mulberry leaf picking device 6 also integrally moves upwards until the upper limit push rod 401 is touched by the upper displacement top end surface of the longitudinal rack 6010101, the longitudinal rack 6010101 starts to move downwards and drives the fixed gear assembly 60102 to rotate anticlockwise, so that the transverse displacement rack assembly 60104 and the leaf picking knife assembly 602 mounted on the rack are driven to approach the mulberry leaf rod, when the displacement distance exceeds the thrust reversing zero limit point of the auxiliary thrust torsion spring 6010104, the torsion spring 6010104 immediately turns from original resistance to auxiliary pushing force, the left leaf picking blade 60202 clamps the mulberry leaf rod, and a certain clamping force is kept under the auxiliary pushing force, at this moment, the upper touch rod 60401 of the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod 604 on the mulberry leaf picking device 6 just touches the upper leaf picking travel switch, the control unit is triggered to change an instruction to enable the mulberry leaf picking servo motor to reversely rotate, the ball screw is driven to reversely move, and the longitudinal transmission sliding table 20102 is also reversely displaced (downwards), so that the mulberry leaf picking device 6 moves downwards.
When the mulberry leaf picking device 6 moves downwards until the lower limiting push rod 501 abuts against the bottom end face of the longitudinal displacement rack 6010101, at this time, the longitudinal displacement rack 6010101 starts to move upwards and drives the fixed gear assembly 60102 to rotate clockwise, so that the transverse displacement rack assembly 60104 and the leaf picking knife assembly 602 mounted on the rack are far away from the mulberry rod, when the displacement distance exceeds the thrust reversing zero limit point of the auxiliary thrust torsion spring 6010104, the torsion spring 6010104 is immediately turned from the original resistance to the auxiliary pushing force, the left leaf picking blade 60202 and the right leaf picking blade are kept away from the mulberry rod, and kept in an open state under the auxiliary pushing force, at this time, the lower touch rod 60402 of the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod 604 on the mulberry leaf picking device just touches the lower leaf picking travel switch, and a control unit is triggered to change an instruction, so that the mulberry leaf picking servo motor stops working. The mulberry leaves fall into the storage box 107, and a working cycle for picking the mulberry leaves is completed.
As shown in fig. 9, the electric control system of the present invention operates as follows:
(1) Starting, turning on a power switch and initializing a semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking machine;
(2) In the forward movement of the semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking machine, if a mulberry is sensed by a mulberry induction travel switch, starting a Hibiscus rosa sinensis servo motor and a driver thereof;
(3) Judging whether the motion travel switch of the hibiscus is in place, and starting a mulberry leaf collecting servo motor and a driver thereof when the motion travel switch of the hibiscus is in place; meanwhile, the servo motor of the Hibiscus-manifolding branch stops working, and the Hibiscus-manifolding device keeps clamping;
(4) When the mulberry leaf picking device moves up to the upper limit height of the upper limit push rod assembly, the upper mulberry leaf picking travel switch is touched, the mulberry leaf picking servo motor is controlled to rotate reversely, and the mulberry leaf picking device moves down;
(5) When the lower limit height of the lower limit push rod assembly is reached, the lower mulberry leaf collecting travel switch is touched, the mulberry leaf collecting device stops working, and the mulberry leaves fall into the storage box; the working cycle of picking mulberry leaves is completed.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A semi-automatic mulberry leaf picking device is characterized in that: comprises a left mulberry leaf picking mechanism and a right mulberry leaf picking mechanism which are symmetrical; each mulberry picking mechanism consists of a rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly (601), a leaf picking knife assembly (602), a knife bar guide frame (603), a leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod (604) and a right-angle supporting seat (605);
the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly (601) and the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod (604) are arranged on the right-angle supporting seat (605) and are close to the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat (605);
the cutter bar guide frame (603) is arranged on the transverse horizontal plane of the right-angle supporting seat (605) and is far away from the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat (605); the cutter bar guide frame (603) is sleeved on the leaf picking cutter assembly (602);
the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod (604) is used for triggering a starting instruction of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly (601); the rack and pinion transmission mechanism assembly (601) is connected with the leaf picking cutter assembly (602); the leaf picking blade assembly (602) comprises a cutter bar (60201) and a blade (60202);
wherein the rack and pinion gear assembly (601) comprises: a longitudinal displacement rack assembly (60101), a fixed gear assembly (60102), a bearing seat assembly (60103) and a transverse displacement rack assembly (60104);
The longitudinal displacement rack assembly (60101) is arranged on the longitudinal vertical inner side surface of the right-angle supporting seat (605);
a transverse displacement rack assembly (60104) is mounted on a transverse horizontal plane of the right angle support block (605);
The fixed gear assembly (60102) is arranged on the right-angle supporting seat (605) through the bearing seat assembly (60103), so that the fixed gear assembly (60102) is respectively meshed with the longitudinal displacement rack assembly (60101) and the transverse displacement rack assembly (60104);
one end of a transverse displacement rack assembly (60104) is connected with the leaf picking knife assembly (602);
The longitudinal displacement rack assembly (60101) comprises a longitudinal rack (6010101), a longitudinal fixed slide seat (6010102), a longitudinal sliding cover (6010103) and a torsion spring (6010104);
The longitudinal fixed sliding seat (6010102) and the longitudinal sliding cover (6010103) are combined to form a cavity, and a torsion spring (6010104) is arranged in the cavity; the longitudinal sliding cover (6010103) outside the cavity is provided with the longitudinal rack (6010101);
The longitudinal sliding cover (6010103) is close to the left side edge and the right side edge, and torsion spring fixing convex columns (601010301) are respectively arranged at the high position of one side edge and the low position of the other side edge;
the torsion spring (6010104) is provided with a zero limit point for thrust reversing of the required displacement distance, steel wires at two ends of the torsion spring are respectively twisted to form circles and sleeved on the torsion spring fixing convex column (601010301);
The side edge of the longitudinal fixed sliding seat (6010102) is provided with a stop block (601010201), and the middle is provided with a pit (601010202);
The leaf picking motion travel switch touch bar (604) comprises: an upper touch lever (60401) and a lower touch lever (60402); the upper touch rod and the lower touch rod are respectively provided with an adjusting screw rod (60403), and the distance between each touch rod and a contact point of the travel switch is realized through an adjusting screw rod (60403) of the knob touch rod;
Working principle: the mulberry leaf picking device (6) is integrally and upwardly displaced until the top surface of the longitudinal rack (6010101) is upwardly displaced to touch the upper limit push rod (401), the longitudinal rack (6010101) starts to downwardly displace and drives the fixed gear assembly (60102) to anticlockwise rotate, so that the transverse displacement rack assembly (60104) and the leaf picking blade assembly (602) arranged on the rack are driven to approach the mulberry leaf rod, when the displacement distance exceeds the thrust reversing zero limit point of the auxiliary thrust torsion spring (6010104), the torsion spring (6010104) is immediately turned from original resistance to auxiliary pushing force, the left leaf picking blade and the right leaf picking blade (60202) clamp the mulberry leaf rod, a certain clamping force is always kept under the auxiliary pushing force, and at the moment, the upper touch rod (60401) of the leaf picking motion travel switch touch rod (604) on the mulberry leaf picking device (6) just touches the upper leaf picking travel switch to trigger the control unit to change instructions.
2. The semiautomatic mulberry leaf picking device according to claim 1, wherein: the blade (60202) is fixedly connected to one end of the cutter bar (60201) through a screw; the other end of the cutter bar is connected with the outer side end of the transverse displacement rack assembly (60104) through a screw.
3. The semiautomatic mulberry leaf picking device according to claim 2, wherein: the blade (60202) is provided with a semicircular edge.
4. The semiautomatic mulberry leaf picking device according to claim 1, wherein: the right-angle supporting seat (605) is made of carbon steel, cast iron or aluminum alloy;
The vertical outer side surface of the right-angle supporting seat (605) is fixed on the longitudinal sliding table (20102) through screws.
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