CN111588831A - 一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN111588831A
CN111588831A CN202010650859.2A CN202010650859A CN111588831A CN 111588831 A CN111588831 A CN 111588831A CN 202010650859 A CN202010650859 A CN 202010650859A CN 111588831 A CN111588831 A CN 111588831A
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herbal
oil
mud
pain
essence
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谢浩洋
徐洪锋
黄月娟
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Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Abstract

一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂及其制作方法，属于药灸与熨引相结合的延伸制剂技术领域。本发明由锌膏泥、蜂蜡、远红外陶瓷粉、甘油、本草精油和本草精华组成，锌膏泥由氧化锌和麻油炼制而成，本草精油从艾叶、生姜、当归、川芎、肉桂、红花和辣椒中提炼萃取制得，本草精华从延胡索、白芷、附子、秦艽、牛膝、杜仲、威灵仙、郁金、赤芍和姜黄中提取制得。本发明利用远红外辐射、锌膏泥吸热固热、及本草精油和本草精华合理配比巧妙结合，敷于病灶部位，使药力直达腠理，形成了多层次、多功能、多形态的调整，使本草活性物质直接透过皮肤、经络、穴位，打通经脉络脉，拔除毒素，驱散寒气，温经通络，给贼邪以出路，达到治疗和缓解症状的作用。

Description

一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明属于药灸与熨引相结合的延伸制剂技术领域，具体是涉及一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂及其制作方法。
背景技术
疼痛是由组织损伤或潜在的组织损伤引起的一种不愉快的感觉和情绪体验，是某些慢性疾病的共同困扰，临床上尚缺乏很有效的治疗手段。凡是具有“疼痛”临床表现的病证，中医学均将其纳入“痛证”范畴。痛证的发生成因复杂，或因寒，或因热，或因情志内伤，或因劳伤太过，或因跌扑闪挫等，但以寒邪入侵机体为主因，继而使经络闭塞、气滞血瘀所致“不通则痛”或气血亏虚、脏腑失养所致“不荣则痛”。“不通则痛”与“不荣则痛”二者互为因果，治疗主要解决“通”和“荣”的关键问题，在《素问·玉机真藏论》说：“今风寒客于人……或痹不仁肿痛，当是之时，可汤熨及火灸刺而去之。”《素问·调经论》曰：“血气者，喜温而恶寒，寒则泣不能流，温则消而去之。”说明早在《内经》时期就主张用灸、药等手段，采用临证处方，精心配伍，辨证治痛，达到“通则不痛，荣则不痛”的效果，促使机体恢复“经脉流行不止，环周不休”的正常生理状态。按《灵枢·百病始生》说：“察其所痛，以知其应，有余不足，当补则补，当泻则泻”，痛证的辨治思想是临证处方，精心配伍，虚补实泻，标本兼治，辨证治痛。
中药泥灸疗法在我国古代医学中有着悠久的历史，属于药灸与熨引相结合的一种延伸制剂，适应范围十分广泛，在晋洪的《肘后备急方》、唐代孙思邈的《千金要方》等都有记载。《圣济总录》记载：因药之性，资火之神，由皮肤而行血脉，使郁者散，屈者伸，则熨引为力多矣，引取舒伸之义，以熨能然，《血气形志论》曰∶病生于筋，治以熨引。中药泥灸疗法作为一种传统疗法主要是用药泥汤熨穴位，将热能转换成生物内能，促进药物吸收，从而激活人体经络，调节肌体生理平衡，达到治病目的的一种内病外治的疗法。
发明内容
本发明主要是解决上述现有技术所存在的技术问题，提供一种有效的将中草药通过皮肤给药技术深层高效地渗透到皮下组织，形成高密度药物渗透区，以期达到中草药通过皮肤给药的内病外治的本草寒痛消泥灸剂。
本发明的上述技术问题主要是通过下述技术方案得以解决的：一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂，该本草寒痛消泥灸剂由以下重量百分含量的各物质组成：23.5～26.5％锌膏泥；12.2～13.8％蜂蜡；22.6～25.4％远红外陶瓷粉；1.9～2.1％甘油；18.8～21.2％本草精油；15.0～17.0％本草精华。
作为优选，所述锌膏泥的炼制为：取适量麻油置锅内，升油温至260～280℃，并控油温在260～280℃达4.5h；继续升油温至310～330℃，搅拌热油，同时取适量氧化锌倾至锅内，在油温310～330℃下继续搅拌直至锅内产生大量泡沫与油烟，然后停止加热，继续搅拌15min，自然冷却，置冷水中2周，捞起锌膏泥阴凉处放置。
作为优选，所述本草精油从艾叶、生姜、当归、川芎、肉桂、红花和辣椒中提炼萃取制得。
作为优选，所述本草精油通过水蒸气蒸馏法、挤压法、溶剂萃取法、超临界流体提取法制得。
作为优选，所述本草精华从延胡索、白芷、附子、秦艽、牛膝、杜仲、威灵仙、郁金、赤芍和姜黄中提取制得。
作为优选，所述本草精华通过3～4倍60～70％乙醇以浸渍法、渗漉法、70～80℃水浴回流法提取，并经过滤、浓缩、真空冷冻干燥、粉碎制得。
所述本草寒痛消泥灸剂的制作方法，其步骤如下：按各组成物质的重量百分含量，将锌膏泥、蜂蜡、远红外陶瓷粉、本草精华、本草精油、甘油置70～80℃水浴上融化并搅拌均匀，然后装于容器中冷却。
本发明具有的有益效果：本发明利用远红外辐射、锌膏泥吸热固热、及本草精油和本草精华合理配比巧妙结合，敷于病灶部位，使药力直达腠理，形成了多层次、多功能、多形态的调整，使本草活性物质直接透过皮肤、经络、穴位，打通经脉络脉，拔除毒素，驱散寒气，温经通络，给贼邪以出路，达到治疗和缓解症状的作用。本发明所选用的中药材是在传统中医理论和临床经验指导下，采用祛风、除湿、散寒、去瘀、止痛的治则，精选药物组方，使风寒湿邪俱除，使疼痛不再复发，实现标本兼治。本发明组合物配制简便、药源广、疗效好、安全无毒，适用于受风寒所致腰背痛、关节疼、肌肉酸痛、畏寒怕冷等痛症的治疗。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例，对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。
一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂，由以下重量百分含量的各物质组成：23.5～26.5％锌膏泥；12.2～13.8％蜂蜡；22.6～25.4％远红外陶瓷粉；1.9～2.1％甘油；18.8～21.2％本草精油；15.0～17.0％本草精华。
所述锌膏泥的炼制为：取适量麻油置锅内，升油温至260～280℃，并控油温在260～280℃达4.5h；继续升油温至310～330℃，搅拌热油，同时适量取氧化锌倾至锅内，在油温310～330℃下继续搅拌直至锅内产生大量泡沫与油烟，然后停止加热，继续搅拌15min，自然冷却，置冷水中2周，捞起锌膏泥阴凉处放置。
所述本草寒痛消泥灸剂的处方由艾叶、生姜、川芎、延胡索、肉桂、附子、当归、红花、姜黄、辣椒、白芷、威灵仙、秦艽、郁金、赤芍、牛膝、杜仲组成。利用水蒸气蒸馏法、挤压法、溶剂萃取法、以及超临界流体提取法可从艾叶、生姜、当归、川芎、肉桂、红花和辣椒中提炼萃取制得本草精油，该本草精油应符合药用标准。通过3～4倍60～70％乙醇以浸渍法、渗漉法、70～80℃水浴回流法可从延胡索、白芷、附子、秦艽、牛膝、杜仲、威灵仙、郁金、赤芍和姜黄中提取，并经过滤、浓缩、真空冷冻干燥、粉碎制得本草精华，该本草精华应符合药用标准。
处方中，艾叶和生姜能解表散寒，温经止痛；延胡索和川芎能活血祛风，行气止痛；肉桂和附子能补火助阳，散寒止痛；当归、红花和姜黄能活血通经，去瘀止痛；辣椒和白芷能温中散寒，祛风止痛；威灵仙和秦艽能祛风除湿，通络止痛；郁金和赤芍能行气解郁。散瘀止痛；牛膝和杜仲能活血通经，补肾强筋。本方配伍以祛风、除湿、散寒、去瘀为主，辅以补肝肾、养气血之品，诸药相伍，使风寒湿邪俱除，以达到治疾病、防未病、扶本固元、强身健体的目的，临床上多用于治疗各种疼痛为主症的疾病。
传统泥灸剂组合物是一个相对简单的多元体系，本草寒痛消泥灸剂精选本草中药提取物及其泥灸基质配比，基质组合物减少，有效药量增加，且各组分之间相互协调，体现的吸热和保温性使草寒痛消泥灸剂在软化时皮肤粘着力良好，冷却后不变硬、不流动，皮肤揭贴性良好，可重复加热使用，具有使用方便的优点。
本草寒痛消泥灸剂对传统泥灸组合物进行科学优化，创新应用由氧化锌和麻油炼制的锌膏泥，氧化锌常用于皮肤科制剂中，具有刺激神经末梢增加血液循环、促进组织修复与收敛、降低皮肤刺激性的作用；麻油性味甘、凉，有润燥、解毒、止痛、消肿之功，以麻油为原料炼制的膏药，具有生肌肉、止疼痛、消痈肿、补皮裂的作用，对软化血管和保持血管弹性均有较好的效果。相比于传统泥灸基质，锌膏泥不仅具有许多泥灸基质的优良特性，而且锌膏泥常温为灰白色的脂溶性膏体，能混溶于挥发油、氯仿等非极性溶剂中，软化点为55～60℃，软化为半流体时有较强粘附性，冷却后固化质脆、不易沾染皮肤、不污染衣物。
蜂蜡常温为固体，其热容量大，导热系数小，故有较大的蓄热性能，熔点为62～67℃，质软脆，碎断面颗粒性，用手搓捏能软化，具有独特的香气、良好的润滑性、延展性、塑型性、脱离性、成膜性，故与锌膏泥混溶后能密贴于体表各部位。蜂蜡是良好的抑菌和防腐剂，含有多种动植物活性成分，能刺激上皮组织生长，利于皮肤浅表溃疡的愈合，适合皮肤各部位的治疗。
远红外陶瓷粉在本草寒痛消泥灸剂中起填充剂的作用，远红外陶瓷粉蕴含三十种微量元素和矿物质，能够辐射出远红外线激活生物大分子的活性，激励人体穴位内生物分子的氢键，产生受激相干谐振吸收效应，通过神经体液系统调节人体细胞所需的能量，有利于机能的恢复和平衡，达到温通经络、祛风散寒、缓解疲劳、消除疼痛等功效。
本草寒痛消泥灸剂在传统泥灸疗法的基础上，运用经络热效应的原理，将含有丰富微量元素的远红外陶瓷粉、创新炼制的锌膏泥、本草精油、本草精华(辨证处方，精心配伍，充分体现“寒者热之，虚则补之”辨证治则)通过远红外透皮技术与现代科技巧妙结合制成。本草精油和本草精华通过现代科学工艺从中药材中提取，是本草寒痛消泥灸剂的主要活性成分，具有特殊的穿透力，是本草寒痛消泥灸剂疗效的具体体现，能与锌膏泥、蜂蜡互溶，能调节泥灸剂的软化温度，增加泥灸剂的可塑性，使本草寒痛消泥灸剂达到理想的柔韧性、揭贴性。本草寒痛消泥灸剂贴敷在人体的不同部位慢慢凝固，粘附在皮肤上柔软，粘着力与揭贴性良好，可重复加热使用，具有使用方便的优点，患者有良好的依从性。
本草寒痛消泥灸剂的制作方法为：按各组成物质的重量百分含量，将锌膏泥、蜂蜡、远红外陶瓷粉、本草精华、本草精油、甘油置70～80℃水浴上融化并搅拌均匀，然后装于容器中冷却即可。
本草寒痛消泥灸剂的使用方法为：用70～85℃恒温水浴箱或微波炉将本草寒痛消泥灸剂加热软化至半流体，本草寒痛消泥灸剂的软化温度为50～55℃，备用；用热毛巾清洁皮肤并热敷皮肤2～4min；以手指皮试本草寒痛消泥灸剂，感觉温度适宜时，将其滩涂于背、腰、脐、腹等部位(滩涂厚度为0.3～0.6cm)，并用薄膜及多层毛巾覆盖，注意保暖；几分钟后有温热感，静待30～40min后揭下，2h内不能受凉。
实施例1：取艾叶300g、生姜250g、当归250g、川芎200g、肉桂200g、红花200g、辣椒150g，通过水蒸气蒸馏法从上述中药材中提炼萃取制得本草精油200g，本草精油应符合药用标准。取延胡索200g、白芷150g、附子100g、秦艽150g、牛膝150g、杜仲150g、威灵仙200g、郁金150g、赤芍150g、姜黄150g，通过渗漉法，以3～4倍60～70％乙醇渗漉提取，提取液经过滤、浓缩、真空冷冻干燥、粉碎制得本草精华160g，本草精华应符合药用标准。取麻油300g置锅内，升油温至270℃，控油温在270℃达4.5h后升油温至320℃；搅拌热油，同时取氧化锌76g倾至锅内，在油温320℃下继续搅拌直至锅内产生大量泡沫与油烟，然后停止加热，继续搅拌15min，自然冷却，置冷水中2周，捞起阴凉处放置，得到锌膏泥250g。将锌膏泥250g、蜂蜡130g、远红外陶瓷粉240g、本草精华160g、本草精油200g、甘油20g置75℃水浴上融化并搅拌均匀，以适宜规格分装于容器中冷却即可。
实施例2：取艾叶300g、生姜250g、当归250g、川芎200g、肉桂200g、红花200g、辣椒150g，通过水蒸气蒸馏法从上述中药材中提炼萃取制得本草精油200g，本草精油应符合药用标准。取延胡索200g、白芷150g、附子100g、秦艽150g、牛膝150g、杜仲150g、威灵仙200g、郁金150g、赤芍150g、姜黄150g，通过渗漉法，以3～4倍60～70％乙醇渗漉提取，提取液经过滤、浓缩、真空冷冻干燥、粉碎制得本草精华150g，本草精华应符合药用标准。取麻油300g置锅内，升油温至260℃，控油温在260℃达4.5h后升油温至310℃；搅拌热油，同时取氧化锌76g倾至锅内，在油温310℃下继续搅拌直至锅内产生大量泡沫与油烟，然后停止加热，继续搅拌15min，自然冷却，置冷水中2周，捞起阴凉处放置，得到锌膏泥265g。将锌膏泥265g、蜂蜡122g、远红外陶瓷粉244g、本草精华150g、本草精油200g、甘油19g置70℃水浴上融化并搅拌均匀，以适宜规格分装于容器中冷却即可。
实施例3：取艾叶300g、生姜250g、当归250g、川芎200g、肉桂200g、红花200g、辣椒150g，通过挤压法从上述中药材中提炼萃取制得本草精油212g，本草精油应符合药用标准。取延胡索200g、白芷150g、附子100g、秦艽150g、牛膝150g、杜仲150g、威灵仙200g、郁金150g、赤芍150g、姜黄150g，通过回流法，以3～4倍60～70％乙醇在80℃水浴回流提取，提取液经过滤、浓缩、真空冷冻干燥、粉碎制得本草精华170g，本草精华应符合药用标准。取麻油300g置锅内，升油温至280℃，控油温在280℃达4.5h后升油温至320℃；搅拌热油，同时取氧化锌76g倾至锅内，在油温320℃下继续搅拌直至锅内产生大量泡沫与油烟，然后停止加热，继续搅拌15min，自然冷却，置冷水中2周，捞起阴凉处放置，得到锌膏泥235g。将锌膏泥235g、蜂蜡122g、远红外陶瓷粉240g、本草精华170g、本草精油212g、甘油21g置80℃水浴上融化并搅拌均匀，以适宜规格分装于容器中冷却即可。
对实施例1、实施例2和实施例3所制得的本草寒痛消泥灸剂进行软化点测试，测试仪器采用GYC-2/3型膏药软化点测定仪，参考标准为《中国药典2015版四部通则2012》，软化点要求为50～55℃。
经测试，实施例1所制得的本草寒痛消泥灸剂的软化点为52℃，实施例2所制得的本草寒痛消泥灸剂的软化点为50℃，实施例3所制得的本草寒痛消泥灸剂的软化点为55℃，均符合要求。
综上所述，本发明利用远红外辐射、锌膏泥吸热固热、及本草精油和本草精华合理配比巧妙结合，敷于病灶部位，使药力直达腠理，形成了多层次、多功能、多形态的调整，使本草活性物质直接透过皮肤、经络、穴位，打通经脉络脉，拔除毒素，驱散寒气，温经通络，给贼邪以出路，达到治疗和缓解症状的作用。本发明所选用的中药材是在传统中医理论和临床经验指导下，采用祛风、除湿、散寒、去瘀、止痛的治则，精选药物组方，使风寒湿邪俱除，使疼痛不再复发，实现标本兼治。本发明组合物配制简便、药源广、疗效好、安全无毒，适用于受风寒所致腰背痛、关节疼、肌肉酸痛、畏寒怕冷等痛症的治疗。
最后，应当指出，以上实施例仅是本发明较有代表性的例子。显然，本发明不限于上述实施例，还可以有许多变形。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均应认为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂，其特征在于，该本草寒痛消泥灸剂由以下重量百分含量的各物质组成：23.5～26.5％锌膏泥；12.2～13.8％蜂蜡；22.6～25.4％远红外陶瓷粉；1.9～2.1％甘油；18.8～21.2％本草精油；15.0～17.0％本草精华。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂，其特征在于，所述锌膏泥的炼制为：取适量麻油置锅内，升油温至260～280℃，并控油温在260～280℃达4.5h；继续升油温至310～330℃，搅拌热油，同时取适量氧化锌倾至锅内，在油温310～330℃下继续搅拌直至锅内产生大量泡沫与油烟，然后停止加热，继续搅拌15min，自然冷却，置冷水中2周，捞起锌膏泥阴凉处放置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂，其特征在于，所述本草精油从艾叶、生姜、当归、川芎、肉桂、红花和辣椒中提炼萃取制得。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂，其特征在于，所述本草精油通过水蒸气蒸馏法、挤压法、溶剂萃取法、超临界流体提取法制得。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂，其特征在于，所述本草精华从延胡索、白芷、附子、秦艽、牛膝、杜仲、威灵仙、郁金、赤芍和姜黄中提取制得。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂，其特征在于，所述本草精华通过3～4倍60～70％乙醇以浸渍法、渗漉法、70～80℃水浴回流法提取，并经过滤、浓缩、真空冷冻干燥、粉碎制得。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种本草寒痛消泥灸剂的制作方法，其特征在于，其步骤如下：按各组成物质的重量百分含量，将锌膏泥、蜂蜡、远红外陶瓷粉、本草精华、本草精油、甘油置70～80℃水浴上融化并搅拌均匀，然后装于容器中冷却。
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