CN111588069A - Pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf selection and impurity removal system and method - Google Patents
Pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf selection and impurity removal system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111588069A CN111588069A CN202010329899.7A CN202010329899A CN111588069A CN 111588069 A CN111588069 A CN 111588069A CN 202010329899 A CN202010329899 A CN 202010329899A CN 111588069 A CN111588069 A CN 111588069A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/16—Classifying or aligning leaves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention provides a pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric recognition leaf selection and impurity removal system and method. The automatic green cigarette, mildew cigarette and non-cigarette sundries removing device achieves multi-stage, efficient and high-quality automatic removal of green cigarettes, mildew cigarettes and non-cigarette sundries, automatically selects grade cigarettes and non-grade cigarettes, is high in automation level, can be assembled in a modularized mode, and is simple and compact in structure, reasonable in layout, high in working efficiency, good in reliability and safety. According to the invention, manual leaf selection is replaced by a full-automatic mode of photoelectric identification and pneumatic conveying multiple channels, so that automation and intellectualization of the tobacco leaf selection process are realized, the technical level is greatly improved, the high efficiency and high quality of tobacco leaf grading are improved, and the problems of high cost, difficult quality control, low efficiency and the like of the conventional leaf selection are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a leaf selecting and impurity removing system and method, in particular to a wind-conveying multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf selecting and impurity removing system and method, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf processing.
Background
The tobacco leaf selection, also called as tobacco leaf selection, is a process for carrying out purification processing and treatment on tobacco leaves, and aims to remove green, moldy, mixed tobacco leaves and non-tobacco impurities, and simultaneously select tobacco leaves of different grades so as to carry out subsequent threshing formula, stabilize product quality and improve product quality. At present, the tobacco leaf selection mainly adopts manual booth selection or belt conveyor assembly line selection, and the operation process is to manually disperse the tobacco leaves, distinguish the grades one by one, and distinguish and select the tobacco leaves with different grades. The influence of the method on the product quality mainly comprises the following points:
1. sorting is completed manually, and a large amount of human resources are required to be input;
2. the product quality depends on human eye identification, the subjective decision factor is large, and the error selection rate is high;
3. the labor intensity of workers is high, and the selection error rate is increased even if the workers work for a long time;
4. the technical levels of the personnel are uneven, and different people are influenced by factors such as mood, physical quality, subjective feelings and the like, so that the sorting accuracy is unstable;
5. on-site management and supervision personnel are influenced by human factors such as responsibility and the like, and unstable risks are brought to the qualified rate of tobacco leaf sorting.
In addition, the existing tobacco leaf selection has the defects of large seasonal personnel flow, difficult person finding and high cost, so that the product quality is influenced by human factors, the working efficiency is low, and the method is in sharp contrast with the higher mechanical, automatic and intelligent production in the whole tobacco industry. Therefore, there is a need for improvements and innovations in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf selection and impurity removal system, which aims to realize automatic and intelligent production of a leaf selection process of tobacco leaves, improve the selection efficiency and quality of the tobacco leaves and solve the outstanding problems of high leaf selection cost, difficult quality control and the like in the existing leaf selection process.
The invention also provides a method for selecting, removing impurities and grading tobacco leaves by using the pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf selection and impurity removal system.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a wind send multichannel photoelectric recognition to select leaf edulcoration system includes:
the first tobacco leaf conveyor is used for conveying tobacco leaves;
the input end of the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor is connected with the output end of the first tobacco leaf conveyor, the conveying speed is 1-4 times of the conveying speed of the first tobacco leaf conveyor, and the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor is used for quickly receiving the tobacco leaves conveyed by the first tobacco leaf conveyor and spreading the tobacco leaves on the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor into 3-4 layers;
the wind power loosening impurity removing machine comprises a shell with a cavity inside, wherein the top of the cavity is mutually communicated, the bottom of the cavity is divided into a loose tobacco leaf cavity and a spread tobacco leaf cavity through a partition plate, the bottom of the loose tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a heavy-mass impurity and agglomerated tobacco leaf discharge port, the side part of the loose tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a feed port connected with the output end of a tobacco leaf spreading conveyor, an air inlet connected with a fan is arranged below the feed port, the bottom of the spread tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a tobacco leaf discharge port, the middle part of the spread tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a tobacco leaf spreading roller group, the top of the spread tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a baffle and an air outlet, the wind power loosening is used for loosening tobacco leaves entering the loose tobacco leaf cavity, so that heavy-mass non-tobacco impurities and agglomerated tobacco leaves sink and are;
the input end of the second tobacco leaf conveyor is connected with the tobacco leaf discharge port of the wind power loosening impurity removing machine, the operation speed of the second tobacco leaf conveyor is 1-3 times of the operation speed of the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor, the second tobacco leaf conveyor is used for conveying the tobacco leaves discharged from the tobacco leaf discharge port of the wind power loosening impurity removing machine and spreading the tobacco leaves into a single layer;
the wind power posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine comprises a shell with a cavity therein, wherein the bottom of the cavity is provided with an impurity discharging port, one side of the lower part of the cavity is provided with a feeding port communicated with the output end of the second tobacco leaf conveyor, the top of the cavity is provided with a discharging air outlet, and an air inlet is arranged below the feeding port and is used for discharging tobacco leaves upwards along with wind and discharging non-smoke impurities and/or agglomerated tobacco leaves downwards after wind power adjustment is carried out on the tobacco leaves to a posture that the tips of the tobacco leaves are upwards and the stems of the tobacco leaves;
the pneumatic conveying, identifying and rejecting device comprises a pneumatic conveying pipeline, a plurality of photoelectric identifiers and a plurality of blowing rejectors, wherein the input end of the pneumatic conveying pipeline is connected with a discharging air outlet at the top of the pneumatic posture-adjusting and rejecting machine; the device is used for blowing materials sent into a pipeline along with wind into corresponding negative pressure blanking bins through corresponding blowing removers respectively when the materials pass through green smoke, mildew smoke, impurities and non-grade smoke identified by corresponding photoelectric identifiers, so that the classified discharge and impurity removal of tobacco leaves of different grades are completed;
the leaf gas separator comprises a shell with a material inlet, an outlet and an air outlet, wherein the shell is internally provided with a cavity, and a roller with meshes is arranged in the cavity of the shell and connected with the air outlet, the material inlet is connected with the output end of an air conveying pipeline of an air conveying, identifying and ejecting device, and is used for separating grade smoke entering along with air, the grade smoke sinks by self weight and is ejected, and the air is ejected through the roller with meshes and the air outlet, so that the leaf gas separation is completed.
The first tobacco leaf conveyor, the tobacco leaf spreading conveyor and the second tobacco leaf conveyor are conventional belt conveyors.
The wind power loosening impurity removing machine comprises:
the partition board is a vertical board, the lower end of the partition board is hinged on the shell through a horizontal hinge shaft, two ends of the horizontal hinge shaft are fixed on the shell wall through bearings respectively, one end of the horizontal hinge shaft extends outwards and then is connected with the handle, and the inclined angle bottom of the partition board is adjusted through the handle; or one end of the horizontal hinge shaft extends outwards and then is connected with the power machine, and the inclined angle bottom of the partition board is adjusted through the power machine; the cavity of the loose tobacco leaves forms a special-shaped tobacco leaf channel, and the wind speed is adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the partition plate, so that the loosening of the tobacco leaves is completed;
the baffle is a vertical plate, the upper end of the baffle is fixed on the top wall of the shell, and the lower end of the baffle is suspended, so that the tobacco leaves entering the top of the loose tobacco leaf cavity can stall and change direction under the blocking action of the baffle, smoothly enter the tobacco leaf stretching cavity under the action of self gravity, and fall into the tobacco leaf stretching roller group under the action of self gravity to stretch the tobacco leaves.
The wind power loosening impurity removing machine comprises:
a through hole is formed in one side of the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity, a dryer is arranged on the through hole and comprises an electric heating element fixed on the through hole and an air pipe fixed on the outer side of the through hole, and the outer end of the air pipe is connected with an air blower so as to be conveniently fed into the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity after being heated into hot air by the electric heating element through air supplied by the air blower and used for drying the tobacco leaves and reducing moisture in the tobacco leaves;
a roller with meshes is arranged on the inner side of the air outlet, a brush roller is arranged on one side of the roller, a collecting tank is arranged below the brush roller, one end of a roller shaft of the roller is connected with a rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is connected with a driving wheel on a main shaft of a motor through a rotating belt, so that the roller is driven to rotate through the driving wheel, a driving belt and the rotating wheel under the driving of the motor, and light impurities such as hemp threads and the like brought in by wind are hung by the meshes and then are carried out of the meshes of the roller through the brush roller to enter the collecting tank at;
the outer side of the air outlet is connected with an air return pipe, the outer end of the air return pipe is connected with an air inlet of a fan, and an air outlet of the fan is connected with an air inlet on the cavity of the loose tobacco leaves through a short pipe or directly to form circulating air supply.
The wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine comprises:
at least three air inlets are arranged below the feeding port and are divided into a main air inlet in the middle and auxiliary air inlets on two sides, and a cylinder cover or a plate with meshes is arranged in a cavity on the inner side of the main air inlet, so that the air volume on the cross section of the cavity on the inner side of the air inlet is uniform;
two vertical partition plates are arranged at the top of the cavity at intervals, the upper end of each vertical partition plate is fixed at the top of the cavity of the shell, the lower end of each vertical partition plate is suspended in the cavity, so that the discharge air outlet is divided into three parts, namely, the lower part is communicated with the upper part, and the upper part is separated from the lower part;
casing top both sides are equipped with the air supply mouth respectively, every air supply mouth links to each other with the outside air supply pipe that corresponds, the air supply pipe links to each other with the fan, through the air supply mouth, the air supply pipe, the wind-force that the fan provided, firstly make the tobacco leaf realize the third time on casing cavity top and spread out thinly, spread out to become on the cross section at cavity top promptly and have the interval, and the petiole is sent out to the state that the apex is up downwards, caking and the partial non-smoke impurity that still leave over in the tobacco leaf are by the dead weight sinking discharge, secondly send special-shaped pipeline to the wind of epilogue and provide wind.
The air conveying, identifying and rejecting device comprises the following components:
the pneumatic conveying pipeline is composed of a plurality of S-shaped square pipe sections which are convex upwards and concave downwards, two S-shaped longitudinal partition plates which are adaptive to the inner diameter of the square pipe are arranged in the square pipe at intervals, the interior of the square pipe is divided into three channels which are respectively equal in width and respectively arranged at the middle part and two sides, the input ends of the three channels are respectively communicated with three discharging air outlets corresponding to the wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine, and the output end of the three channels is connected with the input end of the leaf gas separator, so that when tobacco leaves are conveyed by means of main wind power of the middle channel and supplementary wind power of the channels at two sides;
the photoelectric recognizer is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the position of the air conveying pipeline in the transition from convex to concave, the blowing remover is arranged on the upper side of the position of the air conveying pipeline in the transition from concave to convex, the removing ports are arranged on the lower side of the air conveying pipeline and are communicated with the corresponding negative pressure blanking bin below the air conveying pipeline, tobacco leaves fed along with air are thrown to the upper surface of the pipe wall under the action of centrifugal force and then are distributed orderly and dispersedly along the cavity of the pipeline when passing through the pipeline in the transition from convex to concave, so that the photoelectric recognizer can accurately recognize green smoke, mildew smoke, sundries and non-grade smoke mixed in the tobacco leaves, and the tobacco leaves are blown into the removing ports by the blowing remover to fall into the negative pressure blanking bin when being thrown to the lower surface of the pipe wall under the action of centrifugal force when passing through the pipeline in the transition from concave to convex, and then.
The S-shaped square pipe section of the air conveying, identifying and rejecting device is set to be three sections, one section positioned at the input end is a longitudinal S-shaped square pipe section, and the negative pressure blanking bin communicated with the rejection port of the longitudinal S-shaped square pipe section is a green cigarette, a mildew cigarette, sundries and a non-grade cigarette bin, so that the identification and rejection of the green cigarette, the mildew cigarette and the non-cigarette sundries are completed; a section in the middle is a transverse S-shaped square pipe section, and a negative pressure blanking bin communicated with a transverse S-shaped square pipe section removing port is a first non-grade tobacco bin to finish primary identification and removal of non-grade tobacco; one section that is located the output is horizontal S-shaped square pipe section, and the negative pressure blanking storehouse that rejects the mouth intercommunication with this horizontal S-shaped square pipe section is second non-grade cigarette storehouse, accomplishes the secondary discernment of non-grade cigarette, rejects.
The air conveying, identifying and rejecting device comprises the following components:
the photoelectric recognizer consists of a high-speed CCD camera, a high-speed near-infrared camera, a light source matched with the camera and a visual recognition algorithm program, is conventional equipment, and completes the recognition of different types of tobacco leaves according to different settings of the recognition algorithm program;
the light source matched with the camera is subjected to temperature regulation and control by a cooling system consisting of a water pump and a water circulation pipeline, so that the light source is prevented from being damaged due to overheating;
the blowing remover is conventional equipment and comprises a nozzle and a high-speed electromagnetic control valve, wherein the nozzle is arranged on the electromagnetic control valve, and the electromagnetic control valve is arranged on a valve seat, is connected with a compressed air storage tank through an air pipe and is used for providing compressed air for blowing;
the negative pressure blanking storehouse is the cavity box, set up the pan feeding mouth with rejecting port butt joint on the pneumatic conveying pipeline on box upper portion, the box lower part is equipped with the suction opening, this suction opening is established the governing valve through it and is installed the outside exhaust column of box and link to each other, the exhaust column links to each other with the air exhauster, the bottom half is equipped with the discharge gate of taking the board-like air lock of turning over, be used for taking out the air in the box, make the blanking storehouse form the negative pressure, adjust the amount of wind of taking out through the governing valve, the material of being convenient for falls, and make while guaranteeing the box gas tightness green cigarette, non-grade cigarette, non-cigarette debris etc. discharge through the negative pressure blanking storehouse that corresponds separately, accomplish the.
The material inlet of the leaf-gas separator is arranged on one side of the top of the cavity, the material outlet is arranged on the bottom of the cavity, the two air outlets are symmetrically arranged on the other side of the top of the cavity, a rotary air lock is arranged in the cavity above the material outlet, a roller with meshes is arranged in the cavity on the inner side of the air outlet, the two ends of the roller are fixed on the shell, the two air outlets are respectively connected with the corresponding fan inlets, the fan outlet is connected with one end of a return air pipe, the other end of the return air pipe is connected with the air inlet of the wind-force posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine, so that the grade smoke entering the cavity is blocked in the cavity outside the roller with meshes along with the reduction of the wind speed and the wind quantity, the smoke sinks to the outlet at the bottom under the action of self weight and is discharged through the rotary air lock, and the wind enters the, and forming circulating air supply.
The invention provides a method for selecting, decontaminating and grading tobacco leaves by using a photoelectric recognition air-conveying multi-channel leaf selecting and decontaminating system, which is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
1) the tobacco leaves with the humidity of 13-18% and sent by a first tobacco leaf conveyor at the conventional conveying speed are sent to a tobacco leaf spreading conveyor with the conveying speed 1-4 times that of the first tobacco leaf conveyor, so that the tobacco leaves are spread into 3-4 layers, and the primary spreading of the tobacco leaves is completed;
2) the spread tobacco leaves enter a loose tobacco leaf cavity of a wind power loosening impurity removing machine, under the condition that the wind speed is 4-9 m/s, large-mass agglomerated tobacco and non-tobacco impurities collide with the wall of the loose tobacco leaf cavity to be loosened and scattered, and meanwhile, the agglomerated tobacco and non-tobacco impurities are discharged in a sinking way under the action of the dead weight, so that primary loosening and impurity removing are completed;
3) the loosened and scattered tobacco leaves enter a stretched tobacco leaf cavity of the wind power loosening impurity removing machine, the tobacco leaves are stretched under the action of wind power while the volume of the cavity is increased and the wind speed is reduced, then the tobacco leaves are settled on a tobacco leaf stretching roller set under the action of the self weight of the tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves are thrown and turned over to finish secondary loosening and stretching, the tobacco leaves are continuously discharged in a sinking way, and wind is discharged from an air outlet;
4) feeding the tobacco leaves discharged by sinking into a second tobacco leaf conveyor with the conveying speed 1-2 times of the conveying speed of the tobacco leaf spreading conveyor, spreading the tobacco leaves into 1-2 layers, and discharging after finishing secondary spreading of the tobacco leaves;
5) the discharged tobacco leaves are sent into a cavity of a wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine, under the condition that the wind speed is 6-15 m/s, small-mass agglomerated tobacco and non-tobacco impurities are discharged in a sinking and descending mode under the action of dead weight, and meanwhile, the tobacco leaves are sent out along with wind after being adjusted to be vertical postures with upward tips and downward stalks under the action of upward buoyancy and dead weight of wind in the cavity, so that the posture adjustment of the leaves, secondary impurity removal and three-time spreading and thinning are completed, and the tobacco leaves are conveyed on the conveying cross section in a single layer at intervals;
6) the tobacco leaves sent out along with the wind enter a wind sending pipeline of a wind sending, identifying and rejecting device, sequentially pass through corresponding photoelectric identifiers, and are blown into a corresponding negative pressure blanking bin through a corresponding blowing and rejecting device when green smoke, moldy smoke, impurities and non-grade smoke are identified;
7) the grade smoke and the gas enter a leaf-gas separator, the grade smoke sinks by self weight and is discharged, and the air is discharged through a roller with meshes and an air outlet on the roller to complete leaf-gas separation;
8) and the discharged air enters the air return pipe and then returns to the cavity of the wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine for circulating air supply.
And in the process that the tobacco leaves in the step 3) sink in the cavity of the unfolded tobacco leaves, drying the tobacco leaves by a dryer at one side of the cavity of the unfolded tobacco leaves until the water content of the tobacco leaves is 13-15%, so that the tobacco leaves have toughness and unfolding degree.
And 3) under the action of a roller with meshes on the tobacco leaf on the inner side of an air outlet at the top of the cavity of the spread tobacco leaf, adhering light impurities such as hemp threads carried in the tobacco leaf to the surface of the roller, and brushing the light impurities into a collecting tank through a brush roller to separate the tobacco leaf from the hemp threads and remove impurities.
The present invention has the following advantages and effects; by adopting the scheme, the green tobacco, the mildew tobacco and the non-tobacco sundries can be automatically removed in a multi-stage, high-efficiency and high-quality manner, the grade tobacco and the non-grade tobacco can be automatically selected, the automatic tobacco leaf selection in the tobacco processing can be completed, the automation level is high, the assembly can be performed in a modularized manner, and the tobacco leaf sorting machine is simple and compact in structure, reasonable in layout, high in working efficiency, and good in reliability and safety. The invention replaces manual leaf selection with a full-automatic mode of photoelectric identification and pneumatic conveying multiple channels, realizes automation and intellectualization of the leaf selection process in the tobacco industry, greatly improves the technical level, improves the high efficiency and high quality of tobacco leaf grading, solves the outstanding contradictions of high leaf selection cost, difficult quality control, low efficiency and the like in the leaf selection process in the tobacco industry at present, and provides a new process and new equipment for quality improvement and efficiency enhancement and intelligent processing of the tobacco industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a wind power loosening and impurity removing machine;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wind-power posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine
FIG. 5 is a left side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of the pneumatic conveying, recognizing and ejecting device;
FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an air-assisted multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf selection and impurity removal system, which comprises:
the first tobacco leaf conveyor 1 is a conventional belt conveyor and is used for conveying tobacco leaves;
the input end of the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor 2 is connected with the output end of the first tobacco leaf conveyor 1, the conveying speed is 1-4 times of the conveying speed of the first tobacco leaf conveyor 1, and the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor is used for quickly receiving tobacco leaves fed by the first tobacco leaf conveyor 1 and spreading the tobacco leaves on the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor into 3-4 layers;
the wind power loosening impurity removing machine 3 comprises a shell 31 with a cavity in the shell, the top of the cavity is communicated with each other, the bottom of the cavity is divided into a loose tobacco cavity 34 and an unfolded tobacco cavity 32 through a partition plate 33, the bottom of the loose tobacco cavity 34 is provided with a heavy impurity and agglomerated tobacco outlet 341, the side of the loose tobacco cavity is provided with a feed inlet 35 connected with the output end of the tobacco thinning conveyor 2, an air inlet 36 connected with a fan 39 is arranged below the feed inlet 35, the bottom of the unfolded tobacco cavity 32 is provided with a tobacco outlet 321, the middle of the unfolded tobacco cavity is provided with a tobacco unfolding roller set 324, and the top of the unfolded tobacco cavity is provided with a baffle: the partition plate 33 is a vertical plate, the lower end of the partition plate 33 is hinged on the shell 31 through a horizontal hinge shaft, two ends of the horizontal hinge shaft are respectively fixed on the wall of the shell 31 through bearings, one end of the horizontal hinge shaft extends outwards and then is connected with the handle, and the inclined angle of the partition plate 33 is adjusted through the handle; or one end of the horizontal hinge shaft extends outwards and then is connected with the power machine, and the inclined angle bottom of the partition plate 33 is adjusted through the power machine; the cavity 34 of the loose tobacco leaves forms a special-shaped tobacco leaf channel, and the wind speed is adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the partition 33, so that the loosening of the tobacco leaves is completed; the baffle 328 is a vertical plate, the upper end of the baffle 328 is fixed on the top wall of the shell 31, and the lower end of the baffle 328 is suspended, so that the tobacco leaves entering the top of the loose tobacco leaf cavity 32 can stall and change direction under the blocking action of the baffle 328, smoothly enter the spread tobacco leaf cavity 32 under the self-gravity action, and fall onto the tobacco leaf spreading roller group 324 under the self-gravity action to spread the tobacco leaves; a through hole is formed in one side of the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity 32, a dryer is arranged on the through hole and comprises an electric heating element 323 fixed on the through hole and an air pipe 322 fixed on the outer side of the through hole, and the outer end of the air pipe 322 is connected with an air blower so that air is supplied by the air blower to the electric heating element 323, heated into hot air and then sent into the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity 32 for drying tobacco leaves and reducing moisture in the tobacco leaves; a roller 327 with meshes is arranged on the inner side of the air outlet 37, a brush roller 326 is arranged on one side of the roller 327, a collecting tank 325 is arranged below the brush roller 326, one end of a roller shaft of the roller 327 is connected with a rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is connected with a driving wheel on a main shaft of a motor through a rotating belt, so that the roller 327 is driven to rotate by the motor through the driving wheel, a driving belt and the rotating wheel, and light impurities such as hemp threads and the like brought in by wind are hung by the meshes and then are taken out of the meshes of the roller 327 through the brush roller 326 to enter the collecting tank 325 at the lower part; the outer side of the air outlet 37 is connected with an air return pipe 38, the outer end of the air return pipe 38 is connected with an air inlet of a fan 39, and an air outlet of the fan 39 is directly connected with an air inlet 36 on the loose tobacco leaf cavity 34 to form circulating air supply;
the input end of the second tobacco leaf conveyor 4 is connected with the tobacco leaf discharge port 321 of the wind power loosening and impurity removing machine 3, the operation speed of the second tobacco leaf conveyor is 1-3 times of the operation speed of the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor 2, and the second tobacco leaf conveyor is used for conveying the tobacco leaves discharged from the tobacco leaf discharge port 321 of the wind power loosening and impurity removing machine 3 and spreading the tobacco leaves into a single layer;
the wind-power posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine 5 comprises a shell 51 with a cavity 52 in the shell, wherein the bottom of the cavity 52 is provided with an impurity discharging port 521, one side of the lower part of the cavity 52 is provided with a feeding port 522 communicated with the output end of the second tobacco leaf conveyor 2, the top of the cavity is provided with a discharging air outlet 526, and air inlets 523 and 524 are arranged below the feeding port 522 and used for adjusting the wind power of the tobacco leaves into a posture that the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves are upward and the leaf stalks are downward, so that the tobacco leaves are upward discharged along with the wind, and non-smoke impurities and/or agglomerated; the wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine 5 is characterized in that: at least three air inlets are arranged below the feeding port 522 and are divided into a main air inlet 523 in the middle and auxiliary air inlets 524 on two sides, and a cylinder cover or plate 55 with meshes is arranged in a cavity on the inner side of the main air inlet 523 to ensure that the air volume on the cross section of the cavity on the inner side of the air inlet is uniform; two vertical partition plates 53 are arranged at the top of the cavity 52 at intervals, the upper end of each vertical partition plate 53 is fixed at the top of the cavity 52 of the shell, the lower end of each vertical partition plate 53 is suspended in the cavity 52, so that the discharge air outlet 526 is divided into three parts, namely, the lower part is communicated with the upper part, and the upper part is separated, and an unpowered roller 54 is arranged below each vertical partition plate 53 and used for preventing tobacco leaves from being blocked at the lower end of each vertical partition plate 53; the two sides of the top of the shell 51 are respectively provided with air supply ports 525, each air supply port 525 is connected with an external corresponding air supply pipe, the air supply pipes are connected with a fan, and wind power provided by the air supply ports 525, the air supply pipes and the fan is used for firstly enabling tobacco leaves to be spread and thinned for the third time on the top of the cavity 52 of the shell 51, namely, the tobacco leaves are spread and thinned on the cross section of the top of the cavity 52 to form intervals and sent out in a state that leaf stalks are downward and the leaf tips are upward, caking and partial non-smoke impurities still left in the tobacco leaves are discharged by sinking under the dead weight, and secondly, the wind power is provided for a subsequent;
the air conveying, identifying and rejecting device 6 comprises an air conveying pipeline 61, three photoelectric identifiers 62 and blowing rejectors 63, wherein the input end of the air conveying pipeline 61 is connected with a discharging air outlet 526 at the top of the wind posture adjusting and decontaminating machine 5; the device is used for blowing materials sent into a pipeline along with wind into corresponding negative pressure blanking bins through corresponding blowing removers 63 when the materials pass through green smoke, mildew smoke, impurities and non-grade smoke identified by corresponding photoelectric identifiers 62, so that classified discharge and impurity removal of tobacco leaves of different grades are completed; the air conveying, identifying and rejecting device comprises the following components: the air conveying pipeline 61 is composed of three S-shaped square pipe sections which are convex upwards and concave downwards, two S-shaped longitudinal partition plates which are adaptive to the inner diameter of the square pipe are arranged in the square pipe at intervals, the interior of the square pipe is divided into one middle channel and two sides which are equal in width, the input ends of the three channels are respectively communicated with three discharging air outlets 526 corresponding to the wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine 5, the output end of the three channels is connected with the input end of the leaf-and-gas separator 7, so that the tobacco leaves are prevented from being deviated and mistakenly removed while being conveyed by means of main wind power of the middle channel and supplementary wind power of the channels on; the photoelectric recognizer 62 is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the air conveying pipeline 61 at the position of transition from convex to concave, the blowing rejector 63 is arranged on the upper side of the position of transition from concave to convex behind the air conveying pipeline, the lower side of the position of transition from concave to convex is provided with a rejection port, the rejection port is communicated with a corresponding negative pressure blanking bin below the rejection port, tobacco leaves conveyed along with air are thrown to the upper surface of the pipe wall under the action of centrifugal force and then are distributed orderly and dispersedly along the cavity of the pipeline when passing through the pipeline of transition from convex to concave, so that the photoelectric recognizer 62 can accurately recognize green smoke, mildew smoke, sundries and non-grade smoke mixed in the tobacco leaves, and the tobacco leaves are blown into the rejection port by the blowing rejector 63 to fall into the negative pressure blanking bin when passing through the pipeline of transition from concave to convex under the action of centrifugal force and then are blown to the lower surface of; the negative pressure blanking bin communicated with the longitudinal S-shaped square pipe section eliminating port at the input end is a green cigarette, mildew cigarette, sundries and non-grade cigarette bin 64 to finish the identification and elimination of the green cigarette, the mildew cigarette and the non-cigarette sundries; the negative pressure blanking bin communicated with the transverse S-shaped square pipe section eliminating port in the middle is a first non-grade tobacco bin 65, and primary identification and elimination of non-grade tobacco are completed; the negative pressure blanking bin communicated with the transverse S-shaped square pipe section eliminating port at the output end is a second non-grade tobacco bin 66 to finish secondary identification and elimination of non-grade tobacco; the air conveying, identifying and rejecting device comprises the following components: the photoelectric recognizer 62 consists of a high-speed CCD camera, a high-speed near-infrared camera, a light source matched with the camera and a visual recognition algorithm program, is conventional equipment, and completes the recognition of different types of tobacco leaves according to different settings of the recognition algorithm program; the light source matched with the camera is subjected to temperature regulation and control by a cooling system consisting of a water pump and a water circulation pipeline, so that the light source is prevented from being damaged due to overheating; the blowing remover 63 is conventional equipment and comprises a nozzle and a high-speed electromagnetic control valve, wherein the nozzle is arranged on the electromagnetic control valve, and the electromagnetic control valve is arranged on a valve seat and is connected with a compressed air storage tank 67 through an air pipe for providing compressed air for blowing; the negative pressure blanking bin is a hollow box body, a feeding port butted with a rejection port on the air conveying pipeline 61 is arranged at the upper part of the box body, an air suction port 68 is arranged at the lower part of the box body, the air suction port 68 is connected with an air suction pipe 8 which is arranged outside the box body through an adjusting valve, the air suction pipe 8 is connected with an exhaust fan 9, a discharge port with a flap type air lock 69 is arranged at the bottom of the box body and used for sucking air in the box body out, so that the blanking bins 64, 65 and 66 form negative pressure, the air quantity sucked out is adjusted through the adjusting valve, the falling of materials is facilitated, and green cigarettes, non-grade cigarettes, non-cigarette sundries and the like are discharged through the respective corresponding negative pressure blanking bins while the air tightness of the box body;
the leaf-gas separator 7 comprises a shell 71 with a material inlet, a material outlet and an air outlet, wherein the shell 71 is internally provided with a cavity, and a roller 72 with meshes and arranged in the cavity of the shell 71 and connected with the air outlet, the material inlet 73 is connected with the output end of the air conveying pipeline 61 of the air conveying, identifying and rejecting device 6 and is used for separating the grade smoke entering along with the wind, the grade smoke sinks by self weight and is discharged, and the wind is discharged through the roller with meshes and the air outlet, so that the leaf-gas separation is completed; the material inlet 73 of the leaf-gas separator 7 is arranged at the right side of the top of the cavity, the material outlet 74 is arranged at the bottom of the cavity, the two air outlets are symmetrically arranged at the front side and the rear side of the top of the cavity, a rotary air lock 75 is arranged in the cavity above the material outlet, a roller 72 with meshes is arranged in the cavity at the inner side of the air outlet, the two ends of the roller 72 are fixed on the shell 71, the two air outlets are respectively connected with the inlets of corresponding fans 76, the outlet of the fan 76 is connected with one end of an air return pipe 77, the other end of the air return pipe 77 is connected with the air inlet of the wind-force posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine 5, so that the grade smoke entering the cavity is separated in the cavity outside the roller 72 with meshes under the action of the air return pipe, the material outlet 74 sinking to the bottom under the action of self weight is discharged through the rotary air lock 75, The fan 76 and the air return pipe 77 are sent into the wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine 5 to form circulating air supply.
The invention provides a method for selecting, decontaminating and grading tobacco leaves by using a pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf selection and decontamination system, which is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
1) tobacco leaves with humidity of 13-18% and delivered by a first tobacco leaf conveyor 1 at a conventional delivery speed are delivered to a tobacco leaf spreading conveyor 2 with a delivery speed 1-4 times of the delivery speed of the first tobacco leaf conveyor 1, so that the tobacco leaves are spread into 3-4 layers, and one-time spreading of the tobacco leaves is completed;
2) the spread tobacco leaves enter a loose tobacco leaf cavity 34 of the wind power loosening and impurity removing machine 3, under the condition that the wind speed is 4-9 m/s, large-mass agglomerated tobacco and non-tobacco impurities collide with the wall of the loose tobacco leaf cavity to be loosened and scattered, and meanwhile, the agglomerated tobacco and the non-tobacco impurities are discharged in a sinking way under the action of self weight, so that primary loosening, unfolding and impurity removal are completed;
3) the loosened and scattered tobacco leaves enter a spreading tobacco leaf cavity 32 of the wind power loosening and impurity removing machine 3, the tobacco leaves are spread under the action of wind power along with the increase of the volume of the cavity 32 and the reduction of wind speed, then are settled on a tobacco leaf spreading roller set 324 under the action of the self weight of the tobacco leaves, are thrown and turned over, the secondary loosening and spreading is completed, the tobacco leaves are continuously settled and discharged, and wind is discharged from an air outlet 37; in the process that the tobacco leaves sink in the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity 32, the tobacco leaves are dried by the dryers 323 and 322 on the lower side of the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity 32 until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 13-15%, so that the tobacco leaves have toughness and unfolding degree, meanwhile, under the action of the roller 327 with meshes on the tobacco leaves on the inner side of the air outlet on the top of the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity 32, the light impurities such as hemp threads carried in the tobacco leaves are attached to the surface of the roller 327, and then the light impurities are brushed into the collecting tank 325 by the hairbrush roller 326, so that the separation of the tobacco leaves and the hemp threads is completed, namely primary wind power impurity removal;
4) the tobacco leaves discharged by sinking are sent to a second tobacco leaf conveyor 4 with the conveying speed 1-2 times of the conveying speed of the tobacco leaf spreading conveyor 2, the tobacco leaves are spread into 1-2 layers, and the tobacco leaves are discharged after the secondary spreading of the tobacco leaves is finished;
5) the discharged tobacco leaves are sent into a cavity of a wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine 5, under the condition that the wind speed is 6-15 m/s, small-mass agglomerated tobacco and non-tobacco impurities are settled and discharged under the action of dead weight, meanwhile, the tobacco leaves are sent out along with the wind after being adjusted to be vertical postures with upward tips and downward stalks under the action of upward buoyancy of the wind and the dead weight of the tobacco leaves in the cavity, and the first-stage posture adjustment, the third-stage spreading and the second-stage wind power impurity removal of the tobacco leaves are completed, so that the tobacco leaves are conveyed on a conveying cross section in an interval single layer manner;
6) the tobacco leaves sent out along with the wind enter a wind conveying pipeline 61 of the wind conveying, identifying and rejecting device 6, sequentially pass through corresponding photoelectric identifiers 62, when green smoke, mildew smoke, impurities and non-grade smoke are identified firstly, the tobacco leaves are blown into corresponding negative pressure blanking bins 64 through corresponding blowing extractors 63, non-equal tobacco leaves are identified from the front side and rejected into a negative pressure blanking bin 65, then the non-equal tobacco leaves are identified from the back side and rejected into the negative pressure blanking bin 66, and three-level loosening and stretching, four-time spreading and thinning, two-level posture adjustment, wind field and negative pressure regulation, green smoke, mildew smoke, impurities and non-grade smoke rejection of the tobacco leaves are completed;
7) the grade smoke and the gas enter a leaf-gas separator 7, the grade smoke sinks by self weight through balancing wind speed and is discharged, and the wind is discharged through a roller 72 with meshes and an air outlet to complete leaf-gas separation;
8) the discharged air enters the return air pipe 77 and then returns to the cavity of the wind-power posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine 5 for circulating air supply.
Claims (10)
1. A wind send multichannel photoelectric recognition to select leaf edulcoration system includes:
the first tobacco leaf conveyor is used for conveying tobacco leaves;
the input end of the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor is connected with the output end of the first tobacco leaf conveyor, the conveying speed is 1-4 times of the conveying speed of the first tobacco leaf conveyor, and the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor is used for quickly receiving the tobacco leaves conveyed by the first tobacco leaf conveyor and spreading the tobacco leaves on the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor into 3-4 layers;
the wind power loosening impurity removing machine comprises a shell with a cavity inside, wherein the top of the cavity is mutually communicated, the bottom of the cavity is divided into a loose tobacco leaf cavity and a spread tobacco leaf cavity through a partition plate, the bottom of the loose tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a heavy-mass impurity and agglomerated tobacco leaf discharge port, the side part of the loose tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a feed port connected with the output end of a tobacco leaf spreading conveyor, an air inlet connected with a fan is arranged below the feed port, the bottom of the spread tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a tobacco leaf discharge port, the middle part of the spread tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a tobacco leaf spreading roller group, the top of the spread tobacco leaf cavity is provided with a baffle and an air outlet, the wind power loosening is used for loosening tobacco leaves entering the loose tobacco leaf cavity, so that heavy-mass non-tobacco impurities and agglomerated tobacco leaves sink and are;
the input end of the second tobacco leaf conveyor is connected with the tobacco leaf discharge port of the wind power loosening impurity removing machine, the operation speed of the second tobacco leaf conveyor is 1-3 times of the operation speed of the tobacco leaf spreading and thinning conveyor, the second tobacco leaf conveyor is used for conveying the tobacco leaves discharged from the tobacco leaf discharge port of the wind power loosening impurity removing machine and spreading the tobacco leaves into a single layer;
the wind power posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine comprises a shell with a cavity therein, wherein the bottom of the cavity is provided with an impurity discharging port, one side of the lower part of the cavity is provided with a feeding port communicated with the output end of the second tobacco leaf conveyor, the top of the cavity is provided with a discharging air outlet, and an air inlet is arranged below the feeding port and is used for discharging tobacco leaves upwards along with wind and discharging non-smoke impurities and/or agglomerated tobacco leaves downwards after wind power adjustment is carried out on the tobacco leaves to a posture that the tips of the tobacco leaves are upwards and the stems of the tobacco leaves;
the pneumatic conveying, identifying and rejecting device comprises a pneumatic conveying pipeline, a plurality of photoelectric identifiers and a plurality of blowing rejectors, wherein the input end of the pneumatic conveying pipeline is connected with a discharging air outlet at the top of the pneumatic posture-adjusting and rejecting machine; the device is used for blowing materials sent into a pipeline along with wind into corresponding negative pressure blanking bins through corresponding blowing removers respectively when the materials pass through green smoke, mildew smoke, impurities and non-grade smoke identified by corresponding photoelectric identifiers, so that the classified discharge and impurity removal of tobacco leaves of different grades are completed;
the leaf gas separator comprises a shell with a material inlet, an outlet and an air outlet, wherein the shell is internally provided with a cavity, and a roller with meshes is arranged in the cavity of the shell and connected with the air outlet, the material inlet is connected with the output end of an air conveying pipeline of an air conveying, identifying and ejecting device, and is used for separating grade smoke entering along with air, the grade smoke sinks by self weight and is ejected, and the air is ejected through the roller with meshes and the air outlet, so that the leaf gas separation is completed.
2. The wind-driven multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf-selecting and impurity-removing system according to claim 1, wherein the wind-driven loose impurity-removing machine comprises:
the partition board is a vertical board, the lower end of the partition board is hinged on the shell through a horizontal hinge shaft, two ends of the horizontal hinge shaft are fixed on the shell wall through bearings respectively, one end of the horizontal hinge shaft extends outwards and then is connected with the handle, and the inclined angle bottom of the partition board is adjusted through the handle; or one end of the horizontal hinge shaft extends outwards and then is connected with the power machine, and the inclined angle bottom of the partition board is adjusted through the power machine; the cavity of the loose tobacco leaves forms a special-shaped tobacco leaf channel, and the wind speed is adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the partition plate, so that the loosening of the tobacco leaves is completed;
the baffle is a vertical plate, the upper end of the baffle is fixed on the top wall of the shell, and the lower end of the baffle is suspended, so that the tobacco leaves entering the top of the loose tobacco leaf cavity can stall and change direction under the blocking action of the baffle, smoothly enter the tobacco leaf stretching cavity under the action of self gravity, and fall into the tobacco leaf stretching roller group under the action of self gravity to stretch the tobacco leaves.
3. The wind-driven multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf-selecting and impurity-removing system according to claim 1, wherein the wind-driven loose impurity-removing machine comprises:
a through hole is formed in one side of the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity, a dryer is arranged on the through hole and comprises an electric heating element fixed on the through hole and an air pipe fixed on the outer side of the through hole, and the outer end of the air pipe is connected with an air blower so as to be conveniently fed into the unfolded tobacco leaf cavity after being heated into hot air by the electric heating element through air supplied by the air blower and used for drying the tobacco leaves and reducing moisture in the tobacco leaves;
a roller with meshes is arranged on the inner side of the air outlet, a brush roller is arranged on one side of the roller, a collecting tank is arranged below the brush roller, one end of a roller shaft of the roller is connected with a rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is connected with a driving wheel on a main shaft of a motor through a rotating belt, so that the roller is driven to rotate through the driving wheel, a driving belt and the rotating wheel under the driving of the motor, and light impurities such as hemp threads and the like brought in by wind are hung by the meshes and then are carried out of the meshes of the roller through the brush roller to enter the collecting tank at;
the outer side of the air outlet is connected with an air return pipe, the outer end of the air return pipe is connected with an air inlet of a fan, and an air outlet of the fan is connected with an air inlet on the cavity of the loose tobacco leaves through a short pipe or directly to form circulating air supply.
4. The wind-driven multichannel photoelectric identification leaf-selecting and impurity-removing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the wind-driven posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine:
at least three air inlets are arranged below the feeding port and are divided into a main air inlet in the middle and auxiliary air inlets on two sides, and a cylinder cover or a plate with meshes is arranged in a cavity on the inner side of the main air inlet, so that the air volume on the cross section of the cavity on the inner side of the air inlet is uniform;
two vertical partition plates are arranged at the top of the cavity at intervals, the upper end of each vertical partition plate is fixed at the top of the cavity of the shell, the lower end of each vertical partition plate is suspended in the cavity, so that the discharge air outlet is divided into three parts, namely, the lower part is communicated with the upper part, and the upper part is separated from the lower part;
casing top both sides are equipped with the air supply mouth respectively, every air supply mouth links to each other with the outside air supply pipe that corresponds, the air supply pipe links to each other with the fan, through the air supply mouth, the air supply pipe, the wind-force that the fan provided, firstly make the tobacco leaf realize the third time on casing cavity top and spread out thinly, spread out to become on the cross section at cavity top promptly and have the interval, and the petiole is sent out to the state that the apex is up downwards, caking and the partial non-smoke impurity that still leave over in the tobacco leaf are by the dead weight sinking discharge, secondly send special-shaped pipeline to the wind of epilogue and provide wind.
5. The pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf-selecting and impurity-removing system according to claim 1, wherein the pneumatic conveying, identification and removal device comprises:
the pneumatic conveying pipeline is composed of a plurality of S-shaped square pipe sections which are convex upwards and concave downwards, two S-shaped longitudinal partition plates which are adaptive to the inner diameter of the square pipe are arranged in the square pipe at intervals, the interior of the square pipe is divided into three channels which are respectively equal in width and respectively arranged at the middle part and two sides, the input ends of the three channels are respectively communicated with three discharging air outlets corresponding to the wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine, and the output end of the three channels is connected with the input end of the leaf gas separator, so that when tobacco leaves are conveyed by means of main wind power of the middle channel and supplementary wind power of the channels at two sides;
the photoelectric recognizer is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the position of the air conveying pipeline in the transition from convex to concave, the blowing remover is arranged on the upper side of the position of the air conveying pipeline in the transition from concave to convex, the removing ports are arranged on the lower side of the air conveying pipeline and are communicated with the corresponding negative pressure blanking bin below the air conveying pipeline, tobacco leaves fed along with air are thrown to the upper surface of the pipe wall under the action of centrifugal force and then are distributed orderly and dispersedly along the cavity of the pipeline when passing through the pipeline in the transition from convex to concave, so that the photoelectric recognizer can accurately recognize green smoke, mildew smoke, sundries and non-grade smoke mixed in the tobacco leaves, and the tobacco leaves are blown into the removing ports by the blowing remover to fall into the negative pressure blanking bin when being thrown to the lower surface of the pipe wall under the action of centrifugal force when passing through the pipeline in the transition from concave to convex, and then.
6. The pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf-selecting and impurity-removing system according to claim 1, wherein the S-shaped square tube section of the pneumatic conveying, identification and removal device is set to three sections, one section at the input end is a longitudinal S-shaped square tube section, and the negative pressure blanking bin communicated with the removal port of the longitudinal S-shaped square tube section is a green cigarette, mildew cigarette, impurity and non-grade cigarette bin, so as to complete the identification and removal of the green cigarette, mildew cigarette and non-cigarette impurity; a section in the middle is a transverse S-shaped square pipe section, and a negative pressure blanking bin communicated with a transverse S-shaped square pipe section removing port is a first non-grade tobacco bin to finish primary identification and removal of non-grade tobacco; one section that is located the output is horizontal S-shaped square pipe section, and the negative pressure blanking storehouse that rejects the mouth intercommunication with this horizontal S-shaped square pipe section is second non-grade cigarette storehouse, accomplishes the secondary discernment of non-grade cigarette, rejects.
7. The pneumatic multi-channel photoelectric identification leaf-selecting and impurity-removing system according to claim 1, wherein the pneumatic conveying, identification and removal device comprises:
the photoelectric recognizer consists of a high-speed CCD camera, a high-speed near-infrared camera, a light source matched with the camera and a visual recognition algorithm program, is conventional equipment, and completes the recognition of different types of tobacco leaves according to different settings of the recognition algorithm program;
the light source matched with the camera is subjected to temperature regulation and control by a cooling system consisting of a water pump and a water circulation pipeline, so that the light source is prevented from being damaged due to overheating;
the blowing remover is conventional equipment and comprises a nozzle and a high-speed electromagnetic control valve, wherein the nozzle is arranged on the electromagnetic control valve, and the electromagnetic control valve is arranged on a valve seat, is connected with a compressed air storage tank through an air pipe and is used for providing compressed air for blowing;
the negative pressure blanking storehouse is the cavity box, set up the pan feeding mouth with rejecting port butt joint on the pneumatic conveying pipeline on box upper portion, the box lower part is equipped with the suction opening, this suction opening is established the governing valve through it and is installed the outside exhaust column of box and link to each other, the exhaust column links to each other with the air exhauster, the bottom half is equipped with the discharge gate of taking the board-like air lock of turning over, be used for taking out the air in the box, make the blanking storehouse form the negative pressure, adjust the amount of wind of taking out through the governing valve, the material of being convenient for falls, and make while guaranteeing the box gas tightness green cigarette, non-grade cigarette, non-cigarette debris etc. discharge through the negative pressure blanking storehouse that corresponds separately, accomplish the.
8. The wind-driven multichannel photoelectric recognition leaf-selecting and impurity-removing system according to claim 1, wherein the material inlet of the leaf-gas separator is arranged on one side of the top of the cavity, the material outlet is arranged on the bottom of the cavity, the two air outlets are symmetrically arranged on the other side of the top of the cavity, a rotary air lock is arranged in the cavity above the material outlet, a roller with meshes is arranged in the cavity on the inner side of the air outlet, two ends of the roller are fixed on the shell, the two air outlets are respectively connected with the inlets of corresponding fans, the outlets of the fans are connected with one end of a return air pipe, the other end of the return air pipe is connected with the air inlet of the wind-driven posture-adjusting impurity-removing machine, so that the graded smoke entering the cavity is blocked in the cavity outside the roller with meshes on the roller along with the wind speed and the wind amount, the outlet sinking to the bottom under the action of self weight is discharged, The fan and the return air pipe are sent into the wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine to form circulating air supply.
9. A method for selecting, decontaminating and grading tobacco leaves by using the photoelectric identification air-conveying multi-channel leaf selecting and decontaminating system of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
1) the tobacco leaves with the humidity of 13-18% and sent by a first tobacco leaf conveyor at the conventional conveying speed are sent to a tobacco leaf spreading conveyor with the conveying speed 1-4 times that of the first tobacco leaf conveyor, so that the tobacco leaves are spread into 3-4 layers, and the primary spreading of the tobacco leaves is completed;
2) the spread tobacco leaves enter a loose tobacco leaf cavity of a wind power loosening impurity removing machine, under the condition that the wind speed is 4-9 m/s, large-mass agglomerated tobacco and non-tobacco impurities collide with the wall of the loose tobacco leaf cavity to be loosened and scattered, and meanwhile, the agglomerated tobacco and non-tobacco impurities are discharged in a sinking way under the action of the dead weight, so that primary loosening and impurity removing are completed;
3) the loosened and scattered tobacco leaves enter a stretched tobacco leaf cavity of the wind power loosening impurity removing machine, the tobacco leaves are stretched under the action of wind power while the volume of the cavity is increased and the wind speed is reduced, then the tobacco leaves are settled on a tobacco leaf stretching roller set under the action of the self weight of the tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves are thrown and turned over to finish secondary loosening and stretching, the tobacco leaves are continuously discharged in a sinking way, and wind is discharged from an air outlet;
4) feeding the tobacco leaves discharged by sinking into a second tobacco leaf conveyor with the conveying speed 1-2 times of the conveying speed of the tobacco leaf spreading conveyor, spreading the tobacco leaves into 1-2 layers, and discharging after finishing secondary spreading of the tobacco leaves;
5) the discharged tobacco leaves are sent into a cavity of a wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine, under the condition that the wind speed is 6-15 m/s, small-mass agglomerated tobacco and non-tobacco impurities are discharged in a sinking and descending mode under the action of dead weight, and meanwhile, the tobacco leaves are sent out along with wind after being adjusted to be vertical postures with upward tips and downward stalks under the action of upward buoyancy and dead weight of wind in the cavity, so that the posture adjustment of the leaves, secondary impurity removal and three-time spreading and thinning are completed, and the tobacco leaves are conveyed on the conveying cross section in a single layer at intervals;
6) the tobacco leaves sent out along with the wind enter a wind sending pipeline of a wind sending, identifying and rejecting device, sequentially pass through corresponding photoelectric identifiers, and are blown into a corresponding negative pressure blanking bin through a corresponding blowing and rejecting device when green smoke, moldy smoke, impurities and non-grade smoke are identified;
7) the grade smoke and the gas enter a leaf-gas separator, the grade smoke sinks by self weight and is discharged, and the air is discharged through a roller with meshes and an air outlet on the roller to complete leaf-gas separation;
8) and the discharged air enters the air return pipe and then returns to the cavity of the wind power posture adjusting impurity removing machine for circulating air supply.
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that said step 3) comprises:
drying the tobacco leaves in the process of sinking in the cavity of the spread tobacco leaves by a dryer at one side of the cavity of the spread tobacco leaves until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 13-15% so that the tobacco leaves have toughness and spreading degree'
Under the action of a roller with meshes on the tobacco leaf on the inner side of an air outlet at the top of the cavity of the unfolded tobacco leaf, light impurities such as hemp threads carried in the tobacco leaf are attached to the surface of the roller, and then the tobacco leaf and the hemp threads are brushed into a collecting tank through a hairbrush roller to separate and remove the impurities.
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