CN111577508A - High-specific-speed axial flow water turbine with double-inlet volute - Google Patents

High-specific-speed axial flow water turbine with double-inlet volute Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111577508A
CN111577508A CN202010395123.5A CN202010395123A CN111577508A CN 111577508 A CN111577508 A CN 111577508A CN 202010395123 A CN202010395123 A CN 202010395123A CN 111577508 A CN111577508 A CN 111577508A
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Prior art keywords
blade
water
follows
volute
curved surface
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Inventor
陈会向
陈雅楠
阚阚
周大庆
郑源
苏文博
邵煜
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16Stators
    • F03B3/18Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F03B3/186Spiral or volute casings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/04Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/121Blades, their form or construction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/126Rotors for essentially axial flow, e.g. for propeller turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with a double-inlet volute, wherein a seat ring is arranged at an annular opening at the inner side of the double-inlet volute, a circle of movable guide vanes are arranged in the seat ring, a rotating wheel is arranged at the bottom of the seat ring, the bottom of a water drainage cone penetrates through the rotating wheel, and the top of the water drainage cone is sleeved at the inner side of the seat ring; a tail water pipe is arranged at the bottom of the rotating wheel; the runner comprises a rotating hub, a plurality of blades are uniformly arranged on the rotating hub, and the tail end of the water drainage cone penetrates through the rotating hub; the blade adopts the non-uniform thickness distortion structure, and the front and the reverse of blade are from last to down by the smooth connection of different camber's curved surface. The invention improves the uniformity of water flow in the circumferential direction in the volute casing and enhances the velocity component of the water flow in the circumferential direction by two-way water inlet of the two water inlets, thereby effectively increasing the water flow circulation of the incoming flow, improving the water flow condition entering the water distributor, reducing the hydraulic loss of the water distributor, and having the advantages of good hydraulic performance, high operation efficiency and the like.

Description

High-specific-speed axial flow water turbine with double-inlet volute
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-specific-speed axial flow water turbine with a double-inlet volute, belonging to the technical field of water turbines.
Background
In recent years, water turbines have become indispensable components in the hydroelectric power generation industry, the installed quantity of water turbines is large in China at present, and mixed-flow type, axial-flow type and through-flow type water turbines are widely applied. Axial flow turbines, also known as kaplan turbines, convert radial flow of water between a guide vane and a runner into axial flow, while maintaining axial flow in the runner region. The axial flow water turbine has lower applied water head than the mixed flow type, but has larger flow capacity than the mixed flow type when the diameter and the water head are the same, and is widely applied to medium and low water head and large flow hydropower stations. The axial flow hydraulic turbine runner is composed of a runner body and blades.
The volute is used as a water diversion component of the water turbine, and has the function of enabling water flow to form a ring amount from the hydraulic viewpoint so as to ensure that the water flow can enter the seat ring and the movable guide vane at a smaller attack angle and reduce the hydraulic loss of the water guide mechanism. In the prior art, all sections of the volute-shaped structure section are set to be oval, so that the diameter of the rotating wheel is effectively increased, and the output of a unit is increased. But it only changes the shape of the volute section and does not optimize the water inlet condition.
The existing volute is designed to be a one-way water inlet, and the section of the volute-shaped structure section is gradually reduced to form necessary annular quantity in front of the water distributor. When the water flow passes through the cross section of the inlet of the volute to the cross section of the nose end, the tangential component velocity change of the water flow is greatly influenced by the size of the cross section and cannot ideally form axisymmetric potential flow.
Therefore, how to overcome the defects of the prior art becomes one of the key problems to be solved in the technical field of the mixed-flow water turbine.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the axial flow water turbine with the double-inlet volute and the high specific speed.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with a dual entry volute comprising: the double-inlet volute comprises a double-inlet volute body, wherein a seat ring is arranged at an annular opening at the inner side of the double-inlet volute body, a circle of movable guide vanes are arranged in the seat ring, a rotating wheel is arranged at the bottom of the seat ring, the bottom of a water drainage cone penetrates through the rotating wheel, and the top of the water drainage cone is sleeved on the inner side of the seat ring; a tail water pipe is arranged at the bottom of the rotating wheel; the runner comprises a rotating hub, a plurality of blades are uniformly arranged on the rotating hub, and the tail end of the water drainage cone penetrates through the rotating hub; the blade adopts the non-uniform thickness distortion structure, and the front and the reverse side of blade are from last to down by the curved surface smooth connection of different curvatures, the blade is openly and the reverse side is from last to down the section airfoil curve of curved surface sets up as follows:
at a position which is 197mm away from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-0.00167x3+0.1652x2-0.74046x+95.60671
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=0.00188x3-0.14042x2+6.84054x+18.91662
at a position 217mm away from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-3.60004×10-4x3+0.06991x2-1.48452x+95.554
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-3.42298×10-4x3+0.06638x2-1.24507x+60.25238
at a distance of 237mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-1.03535×10-5x3+0.00866x2+0.30498x+52.43216
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=3.61785×10-5x3-0.00782x2+2.27014x-55.71607
at a distance of 257mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-5.28939×10-5x3+0.021x2-1.63098x+106.65708
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-3.85641×10-5x3+0.01686x2-1.15435x+54.69138
at 277mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-1.02766×10-5x3+0.00673x2-0.58069x+69.4175
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-6.51853×10-6x3+0.00533x2-0.31734x+24.79206
at the position 297mm away from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-1.94258×10-6x3+0.00269x2-0.28623x+48.60105
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=1.53059×10-6x3+9.88303×10-4x2+0.08369x+0.78352。
as a preferred scheme, the double-inlet volute comprises a volute-shaped structure section, two water inlet pipes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the volute-shaped structure section, and a downward inclined surface section is arranged at the tail end of each water inlet pipe; and a plurality of water outlet pipes are arranged at the tail ends of the draft tubes.
Preferably, the ratio b/a of the height to the width of the water inlet pipe is 1.5 to 2.5.
Preferably, the two water inlet pipes are symmetrical with respect to the center of the volute-shaped structure section.
Preferably, the centers of the double-inlet volute, the seat ring, the rotating wheel and the draft tube are on the same vertical axis.
Preferably, the number of the blades is 5-10.
As a preferred scheme, a plurality of flow guide piers are vertically arranged in the inclined plane section and are arranged at equal intervals.
Has the advantages that: the high-specific-speed axial flow water turbine with the double-inlet volute provided by the invention adopts the double-inlet volute, and water is fed in two directions through the two water inlets, so that the uniformity of water flow in the volute in the circumferential direction is improved, the speed component of the water flow in the circumferential direction is enhanced, the water flow circulation quantity of incoming flow is further effectively increased, the water flow condition entering the water distributor is improved, the hydraulic loss of the water distributor is reduced, and the high-specific-speed axial flow water turbine has the advantages of good hydraulic performance, high operation efficiency and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with a double-inlet volute according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view structural diagram of a dual-inlet volute provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a vane according to the present invention in a forward direction.
Fig. 4 is a radial schematic view of a blade according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of airfoil profiles on blades of the present invention at different axial distances from the lower edge of the wash cone.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a seat ring and a runner according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional dimension view of the water inlet pipe according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with a double-inlet volute comprises a double-inlet volute 1, a seat ring 2, movable guide vanes 3, a rotating wheel 4 and a draft tube 5 in sequence according to a water inlet direction, wherein the seat ring 2 is arranged at an annular opening at the inner side of the double-inlet volute 1, a circle of movable guide vanes 3 are arranged in the seat ring 2, the rotating wheel 4 is arranged at the bottom of the seat ring 2, the rotating wheel 4 penetrates through the bottom of a water discharge cone 6, and the top of the water discharge cone 6 is sleeved at the inner side of the seat ring 2; a tail water pipe 5 is arranged at the bottom of the rotating wheel 4; the runner 4 comprises a rotating hub 401, a plurality of blades 402 are uniformly arranged on the rotating hub 401, and the tail end of the drain cone 6 penetrates through the rotating hub 401; as shown in fig. 3-4, the blade 402 is of a non-uniform thickness twisted structure, the front surface and the back surface of the blade 402 are smoothly connected by curved surfaces with different curvatures from top to bottom, and the section airfoil curves of the curved surfaces of the front surface and the back surface from top to bottom are set as follows:
as shown in FIG. 5, the coordinates of points on the airfoil curves of the front and back sections of the blade at a distance of 197mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the bleed cone are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002486359440000041
The two curves fitted are respectively represented as:
the front side of the blade is as follows: y-0.00167 x3+0.1652x2-0.74046x+95.60671
Blade back: 0.00188x3-0.14042x2+6.84054x+18.91662
The numerical values of the point coordinates on the airfoil curves of the front and back sections of the blade at a distance of 217mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002486359440000051
The two curves fitted are respectively represented as:
front face of blade is-3.60004 × 10-4x3+0.06991x2-1.48452x+95.554
Blade back y-3.42298 × 10-4x3+0.06638x2-1.24507x+60.25238
The values of the coordinates of the points on the airfoil curves of the front and back sections of the blade at a distance of 237mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the bleed cone are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0002486359440000052
Figure BDA0002486359440000061
The two curves fitted are respectively represented as:
front face of blade is-1.03535 × 10-5x3+0.00866x2+0.30498x+52.43216
Blade back y 3.61785 × 10-5x3-0.00782x2+2.27014x-55.71607
The values of the coordinates of the points on the airfoil curves of the front and back sections of the blade at 257mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the bleed cone are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Figure BDA0002486359440000062
The two curves fitted are respectively represented as:
front face of blade is-5.28939 × 10-5x3+0.021x2-1.63098x+106.65708
Blade back y-3.85641 × 10-5x3+0.01686x2-1.15435x+54.69138
The numerical values of the point coordinates on the airfoil curves of the front and back cross sections of the blade at 277mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the bleed cone are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
Figure BDA0002486359440000071
The two curves fitted can be represented as:
front face of blade is-1.02766 × 10-5x3+0.00673x2-0.58069x+69.4175
Blade back y-6.51853 × 10-6x3+0.00533x2-0.31734x+24.79206
The numerical values of the point coordinates on the airfoil curves of the front and back cross sections of the blade at a distance of 297mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6
Figure BDA0002486359440000072
Figure BDA0002486359440000081
The two curves fitted can be represented as:
front face of blade is-1.94258 × 10-6x3+0.00269x2-0.28623x+48.60105
Blade back y 1.53059 × 10-6x3+9.88303×10-4x2+0.08369x+0.78352
As shown in fig. 6, the double-inlet volute 1 includes a volute-shaped structure section 101, two water inlet pipes 102 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the volute-shaped structure section 101, and a downward inclined surface section 103 is arranged at the tail end of each water inlet pipe 102; the tail end of the draft tube 5 is provided with a plurality of water outlet tubes 501.
As shown in fig. 7, the ratio b/a of the height to the width of the inlet pipe 102 is 1.5 to 2.5.
The two inlet pipes 102 are symmetrical about the volute centre.
The centers of the double-inlet volute 1, the seat ring 2, the rotating wheel 4 and the draft tube 5 are on the same vertical axis.
The number of the blades 402 is 5-10.
A plurality of flow guide piers 104 are vertically arranged in the inclined plane section 103. The flow guiding piers 104 are arranged at equal intervals.
Example 1:
taking an axial flow water turbine applying the double-inlet volute provided by the invention in a certain power station as an example, the water head of the power station is 28m, the designed flood flow is 18500m3/s, and the specific rotating speed of the water turbine is 600.
The optimized parameters of the invention are as follows: two water inlet pipes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the snail-shaped structure section, the two water inlet pipes are centrosymmetric about the snail-shaped structure section, and the tail ends of the water inlet pipes are provided with downward inclined surface sections; the ratio b/a of the height to the width of the inlet pipe is 2.2. The number of movable guide vanes is 32; the blades adopt a non-uniform thickness twisted structure, and the number of the blades is 5; the draft tube adopts an elbow-shaped draft tube, and the elevation angle of a top plate of the water outlet diffusion section is 11 degrees.
Example 2:
the optimized parameters of the invention are as follows: two water inlet pipes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the snail-shaped structure section, the two water inlet pipes are centrosymmetric about the snail-shaped structure section, and the tail ends of the water inlet pipes are provided with downward inclined surface sections; the ratio b/a of the height to the width of the inlet pipe is 1.9. The number of movable guide vanes is 32; the blades adopt a non-uniform thickness twisted structure, and the number of the blades is 5; the draft tube adopts an elbow-shaped draft tube, and the elevation angle of a top plate of the water outlet diffusion section is 11 degrees.
Example 3:
the specific application process of the invention is as follows: the pressurized water flow in the two water inlet pipes connected by the double-inlet volute generates centrosymmetric tangential flow in the circumferential direction of the volute structure section through the diversion pier, so that the water flow generates enough circulation before entering the water distributor, and the water flow flowing out of the water distributor pushes the rotating wheel to rotate, thereby converting the water flow energy into rotary mechanical energy. The water flow comes out of the rotating wheel and is discharged to the downstream through the tail water pipe.
Descriptions not related to the embodiments of the present invention are well known in the art, and may be implemented by referring to the well-known techniques.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with double-inlet volute is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the double-inlet volute comprises a double-inlet volute body, wherein a seat ring is arranged at an annular opening at the inner side of the double-inlet volute body, a circle of movable guide vanes are arranged in the seat ring, a rotating wheel is arranged at the bottom of the seat ring, the bottom of a water drainage cone penetrates through the rotating wheel, and the top of the water drainage cone is sleeved on the inner side of the seat ring; a tail water pipe is arranged at the bottom of the rotating wheel; the runner comprises a rotating hub, a plurality of blades are uniformly arranged on the rotating hub, and the tail end of the water drainage cone penetrates through the rotating hub; the blade adopts the non-uniform thickness distortion structure, and the front and the reverse side of blade are from last to down by the curved surface smooth connection of different curvatures, the blade is openly and the reverse side is from last to down the section airfoil curve of curved surface sets up as follows:
at a position which is 197mm away from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-0.00167x3+0.1652x2-0.74046x+95.60671
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=0.00188x3-0.14042x2+6.84054x+18.91662
at a position 217mm away from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-3.60004×10-4x3+0.06991x2-1.48452x+95.554
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-3.42298×10-4x3+0.06638x2-1.24507x+60.25238
at a distance of 237mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-1.03535×10-5x3+0.00866x2+0.30498x+52.43216
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=3.61785×10-5x3-0.00782x2+2.27014x-55.71607
at a distance of 257mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-5.28939×10-5x3+0.021x2-1.63098x+106.65708
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-3.85641×10-5x3+0.01686x2-1.15435x+54.69138
at 277mm from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-1.02766×10-5x3+0.00673x2-0.58069x+69.4175
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-6.51853×10-6x3+0.00533x2-0.31734x+24.79206
at the position 297mm away from the transverse axis of the lower edge of the drainage cone, the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the front surface of the blade is as follows:
y=-1.94258×10-6x3+0.00269x2-0.28623x+48.60105
the section airfoil curve formula of the curved surface of the reverse surface of the blade is as follows:
y=1.53059×10-6x3+9.88303×10-4x2+0.08369x+0.78352。
2. the high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with a dual inlet volute of claim 1, wherein: the double-inlet volute comprises a volute-shaped structure section, two water inlet pipes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the volute-shaped structure section, and a downward inclined plane section is arranged at the tail end of each water inlet pipe; and a plurality of water outlet pipes are arranged at the tail ends of the draft tubes.
3. The high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with the double-inlet volute of claim 2, wherein: the ratio b/a of the height to the width of the water inlet pipe is 1.5-2.5.
4. The high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with the double-inlet volute of claim 2, wherein: the two water inlet pipes are symmetrical about the center of the volute-shaped structure section.
5. The high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with a dual inlet volute of claim 1, wherein: the centers of the double-inlet volute, the seat ring, the rotating wheel and the draft tube are on the same vertical axis.
6. The high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with a dual inlet volute of claim 1, wherein: the number of the blades is 5-10.
7. The high specific speed axial flow hydraulic turbine with the double-inlet volute of claim 2, wherein: a plurality of flow guide piers are vertically arranged in the inclined plane section and are arranged at equal intervals.
CN202010395123.5A 2020-05-11 2020-05-11 High-specific-speed axial flow water turbine with double-inlet volute Pending CN111577508A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023183996A1 (en) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-05 Aquino Gallo Marcelo De Araujo Cross-flow hydraulic turbine with dual hydraulic flow inlet

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US9322385B1 (en) * 2013-02-07 2016-04-26 Martin D. Hallett Hydro vortex enabled turbine generator
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201155405Y (en) * 2008-02-04 2008-11-26 卜雪 Double water inlet type energy-saving hydroturbine
CN202560432U (en) * 2012-01-11 2012-11-28 翁芳明 Self-circulation lubricating system water turbine with bearing for cooling tower
CN103206331A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-07-17 河海大学 Low-head efficient shaft-extension tubular pump turbine and blades thereof
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