CN113175406B - Parent fish type through-flow turbine - Google Patents
Parent fish type through-flow turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113175406B CN113175406B CN202110444160.5A CN202110444160A CN113175406B CN 113175406 B CN113175406 B CN 113175406B CN 202110444160 A CN202110444160 A CN 202110444160A CN 113175406 B CN113175406 B CN 113175406B
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- guide vane
- parent fish
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a parent fish type through-flow turbine, wherein an overflowing region of the turbine comprises a water inlet chamber, a guide vane region, a runner region with spiral blades, a water outlet pipeline diffusion section and an extension section which are sequentially communicated, the cross section of the water inlet chamber is square, the molded line of the guide vane is in a crescent shape with positive curvature, the runner blade is a spiral blade, the ratio of the starting pitch to the stopping pitch of the spiral blade is 1. The invention aims to improve the survival rate of the fish passing through the water turbine on the premise of ensuring the hydraulic performance of the water turbine, has wide application prospect and popularization value, and has important significance on the water and electricity energy utilization and ecological environment collaborative development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic machinery, and particularly relates to a parent fish type through-flow turbine.
Background
The energy problem has become one of the main bottlenecks in the development of countries in the world, and the new energy for meeting the future energy increment requirement is a feasible and inevitable choice for each country. China has abundant ocean energy, wide distribution, cleanness and no pollution, and the development and utilization mode is mainly power generation, wherein the tidal power generation and small-sized wave power generation technologies are already put into practical use. Ocean energy power generation makes great contribution to relieving the energy crisis of China and reducing the pollution of the earth environment, but hydraulic machinery utilizing ocean energy to generate power has certain influence on the ecological environment. Aiming at tidal power generation, a fish-friendly water turbine is developed, the water level difference is utilized to generate power, and the survival rate of the fishes passing through the machine is improved on the premise of ensuring the hydraulic performance of the water turbine.
As is well known, with the vigorous development of hydroelectric energy, hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering has a certain impact on the ecosystem of a water area. For example, the reservoir power station affects the ecological environment of the original river water, and the flow passage components such as the water turbine cause extra death and injury of the fish. The dam is constructed to divide the original ecosystem into discontinuous ecological zones, thereby seriously hindering the migration of fishes and possibly causing destructive attack on reproductive reproduction of migratory fishes. The problem of migration of salmon is successfully solved by a multi-station hydroelectric power station in a Columbia river basin in the United states through newly-built fish passing vertical shaft channels or fish ladders, and in addition, surface fishways are used in some foreign hydroelectric power stations to assist fishes to pass through the machine downwards. Corresponding measures are also taken in the design planning and construction process of many large-scale hydraulic projects in China, and fishes do not pass through a hydraulic turbine set when going downwards through constructing separation facilities such as fishways, fish lifts, fish gates and the like. Although the measures have certain success, on one hand, the construction cost is high and the efficiency is low, and a large amount of fishes are inevitably sucked into the water turbine to be injured; on the other hand, the internal flow of the water turbine is equivalent to multiphase flow with solid, and the water energy utilization rate is lower compared with an ideal state flow field.
In addition, most of the existing parent fish type water turbines are axial-flow type units, the direction of an inner flow from a guide vane domain to a rotating wheel domain is changed by 90 degrees, and the factor is unfavorable for the physiological activities of fishes. The influence of mechanical, pressure, shearing force and the like borne by the fish body in the traditional water turbine is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at generating electricity by tidal energy and ocean current energy, develops a parent fish type through-flow turbine, generates electricity by utilizing water head difference or ocean current kinetic energy, aims to improve the survival rate of fishes passing through the turbine on the premise of ensuring the hydraulic performance of the turbine, simultaneously ensures better hydraulic efficiency of the turbine and improves the fish passing capacity of the turbine, and is developed in a green way by power-assisted hydroelectric engineering and ecological engineering.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a parent fish type through-flow turbine, this turbine overflows the domain including the intake chamber that communicates in proper order, guide vane domain, the runner that has helical blade, the sluicing awl that links to each other with the main shaft, outlet conduit diffusion zone and extension section, wherein, the intake chamber cross-section is the square, the guide vane molded lines that is located guide vane domain are positive curvature crescent, the runner blade of runner is helical blade, and the helical blade starting pitch is 1 with the ratio of ending pitch, the interior sluicing awl of runner is the round platform type, the ratio of outlet conduit diffusion zone and outlet conduit extension section length is 1.
The invention is further improved in that the inlet section of the water inlet chamber is 1.95D of side length 1 Square, inlet chamber channel length 2.618D 1 And the outlet diameter is 1.46D 1 。
The invention is further improved in that the distance from the inlet of the water inlet chamber is 1.814D 1 A support is arranged to support the bulb body with a diameter of 0.892D at the head 1 Maximum diameter of 1.167D 1 Tail diameter of 0.153D 1 (ii) a The distance between the bulb head and the inlet of the water inlet chamber is 0.906D 1 The wall thickness of the bulb body is 0.041D 1 (ii) a At a distance of 1.674D from the inlet of the water inlet chamber 1 The upper part of the bulb body is provided with a length of 0.211D 1 Width 0.067D 1 To and from the bulb shaft passage.
The invention is further improved in that the guide vanes in the guide vane area are uniformly distributed in a single-row annular mode, and the included angle alpha between the central line of the guide vanes and the central axis of the water turbine 1 Is 65 degrees, and the diameter D of the throat part of the guide vane T Diameter D of inlet of rotating wheel 1 The ratio is 0.111, the number of guide vanes is 11-14, the guide vanes are of positive curvature vane type, the tail ends of the guide vanes are naturally closed, and the molded line equation is as follows:
A：
B：
a further improvement of the invention is that the ratio of the axial length of the rotor to the diameter of the rotor is 1.
The invention has the further improvement that the runner blades are variable-pitch helical blades, the ratio of the initial pitch to the cut-off pitch of the helical blades is 1:
the invention is further improved in that the taper of the drainage cone is 0.5-0.6.
The invention is further improved in that the diffusion angle of the diffusion section of the water outlet pipeline is alpha 2 Is 10 degrees to 13 degrees, and the length ratio of the diffusion section of the water outlet pipeline to the extension section of the water outlet pipeline is 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
firstly, the parent fish type through-flow turbine provided by the invention is of a through-flow structure, the whole flow channel is similar to an auxiliary fishway of a power station, compared with an axial-flow turbine set, the parent fish type through-flow turbine has the advantages that the additional damage to fish caused by turning of the flow direction between a guide vane and a rotating wheel at 90 degrees does not exist, and the fish passing performance of the parent fish type through-flow turbine is good compared with that of the axial-flow turbine.
Secondly, the internal blade of the runner of the parent fish type through-flow turbine provided by the invention is a spiral blade, the spiral runner is relative to the slit section type runner, the fish passing space is better, the mechanical damage and the shearing damage to the fish are effectively reduced, and the machine passing survival rate of the fish is obviously improved.
Thirdly, the parent fish type through-flow turbine provided by the invention can be used for building reservoir type tidal energy utilization and ocean current energy utilization, and the designed structural components take the utilization characteristics of the two energy sources into consideration, so that the hydraulic efficiency of the turbine is ensured, and the friendly and coordinated development of energy development and utilization and ecological environment-friendly construction is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a parent fish type through-flow turbine according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a guide vane structure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the profile of the vane of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the runner.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rotor blade of FIG. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the water outlet pipe.
FIG. 7 is a draft tube configuration.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a water inlet chamber, 2-a bulb body, 3-a support, 4-a bulb body vertical shaft channel, 5-a guide vane area, 6-a guide vane, 7-a rotating wheel, 8-a rotating wheel blade, 9-a water drainage cone, 10-a water outlet pipeline diffusion section and 11-a water outlet pipeline extension section.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the parent fish type through-flow turbine provided by the invention specifically comprises an inlet chamber 1, a bulb body 2, a support 3, a bulb body shaft passage 4, a guide vane area 5, a rotating wheel 7, a drainage cone 9, an outlet pipe diffusion section 10 and an outlet pipe extension section 11. The cross section of the inlet of the water inlet chamber is square, and a strut is arranged at a position 78% away from the inlet of the water inlet chamber. The bulb 2 is provided with a shaft passage 4 for the lamp to enter and exit. The guide vanes 6 are distributed in a single-row annular mode, and the included angle alpha between the central line of the guide vanes 6 and the central axis of the water turbine 1 Is 65 degrees and the diameter D of the throat part of the guide vane T Diameter D of inlet of rotating wheel 1 The ratio is 0.111, the number of guide vanes is 12, and the guide vanes are of positive-curvature blade profiles. The surface of the runner blade 8 is a three-dimensional variable-pitch helical surface, and the blades are equal in diameter and thickness in the radial direction. The diffusion angle of the water outlet pipeline diffusion section 10 is 11 degrees, and the ratio of the length of the diffusion section 10 to the length of the extension section 11 is 1:4.
when the water turbine operates, water flows into the water inlet chamber 1, bypasses the bulb body 2 and the support 3, forms a certain annular volume through the guide vane 6, enters the runner 7, pushes the runner blades 8 to rotate, and flows out through the water outlet pipeline diffusion section 10 and the water outlet pipeline extension section 11 after acting. The vane profile equation shown in fig. 3 is:
A：
B：
the blade profile equation shown in FIG. 5 is:
through hydraulic calculation, according to the calculation result, the variable-pitch helical blade not only ensures the operating efficiency of the water turbine, but also effectively reduces the mechanical damage and shearing damage to fish due to better fish passing space, and obviously improves the survival rate of the fish passing through the machine. The parent fish type through-flow turbine has better performance in the simulation research of building a warehouse type tidal energy utilization and submarine arrangement ocean current energy utilization, and is beneficial to the collaborative development of hydroelectric engineering and an ecological system.
The realization principle of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a parent fish type through-flow turbine, which is a device for converting the energy of water flow into mechanical energy. The parent fish type water turbine not only can utilize reservoir building type tidal energy to generate electricity, but also can be used for applying work by ocean current energy, the water inlet chamber of the parent fish type water turbine is gradually transited from a rectangular cross section to a circular cross section, and the structure facilitates installation of a unit when the ocean current energy is utilized. The water distributor adopts a blade profile with uniform and positive curvature, and the guide blade outflow enters the rotating wheel along the outer edge of the rotating wheel. The runner blades are variable-pitch helical blades, so that mechanical damage and shearing damage to the fishes are effectively reduced through a better flow space, and the survival rate of the fishes is remarkably improved. The pressure of the water flow and the fish are gradually reduced from the inlet of the rotating wheel to the outlet of the rotating wheel, and the water flow and the fish finally flow out through the water outlet pipeline.
Descriptions not related to the implementation of the invention belong to the known technology in the field, and the description can be implemented by referring to the known technology. The above embodiments and examples are specific supports for the technical idea of the mixed-flow long and short blade water turbine provided by the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any equivalent changes or equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea provided by the present invention belong to the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The parent fish type through-flow water turbine is characterized in that the water turbine flow field comprises a water inlet chamber (1), a guide vane field (5), a rotating wheel (7) with a spiral blade (8), a drainage cone (9) connected with a main shaft, a water outlet pipeline diffusion section (10) and an extension section (11) which are sequentially communicated, wherein the cross section of the water inlet chamber (1) is square, the molded line of the guide vane (6) positioned in the guide vane field (5) is in a crescent shape with positive curvature, the rotating wheel blade of the rotating wheel is the spiral blade (8), the ratio of the starting pitch to the stopping pitch of the spiral blade (8) is 1;
the guide vanes (6) in the guide vane area are uniformly distributed in a single-row annular mode, and the included angle alpha between the central line of the guide vane (6) and the central axis of the water turbine 1 Is 65 degrees, and the diameter D of the throat part of the guide vane (6) T The diameter D of the inlet of the rotating wheel (7) 1 The specific value is 0.111, the number of the guide vanes (6) is 11-14, the guide vanes (6) are of positive curvature vane type, the tail ends of the guide vanes (6) are naturally closed, and the molded line equation is as follows:
A：
B：
2. a parent fish type through-flow turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inlet section of the inlet chamber (1) has a side length of 1.95D 1 Square, inlet chamber (1) flow path length 2.618D 1 And the outlet diameter is 1.46D 1 。
3. A parent fish type flow turbine according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the inlet of the water intake chamber (1) is 1.814D 1 A support is arranged to support the bulb (2), the diameter of the head of the bulb (2) is 0.892D 1 Maximum diameter of 1.167D 1 Tail diameter of 0.153D 1 (ii) a The distance between the head of the bulb body (2) and the inlet of the water inlet chamber (1) is 0.906D 1 The wall thickness of the bulb body (2) is 0.041D 1 (ii) a At a distance of 1.674D from the inlet of the water inlet chamber (1) 1 The upper part of the bulb body (2) is provided with a length of 0.211D 1 Width 0.067D 1 The vertical shaft passage (4) for entering and exiting the bulb body (2).
4. A parent fish flow turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the axial length of the runner (7) to the runner diameter is 1.
5. A parent fish type flow turbine according to claim 1, wherein the taper of the drain cone (9) is 0.5 to 0.6.
6. The parent fish type tubular turbine according to claim 1, wherein a divergent angle of a divergent section of the outlet duct is α 2 Is 10 degrees to 13 degrees, the length ratio of the water outlet pipeline diffusion section (10) to the water outlet pipeline extension section (11) is 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110444160.5A CN113175406B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Parent fish type through-flow turbine |
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| CN202110444160.5A CN113175406B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Parent fish type through-flow turbine |
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| CN113175406A CN113175406A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
| CN113175406B true CN113175406B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| CN115076123B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2024-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Eco-friendly tubular pump |
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| JP5058118B2 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2012-10-24 | 株式会社東芝 | Vertical shaft type water turbine power generation equipment |
| US20100260596A1 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-10-14 | Alexander Gokhman | Hydraulic bulb turbine with mixed-flow propeller runner |
| CN103603763A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-26 | 河海大学 | Bulb tubular turbine for micro-head power generation of water plant |
| CN106837655B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2020-03-13 | 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 | Through-flow type environment-friendly water turbine |
| CN206957856U (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2018-02-02 | 三峡大学 | A kind of runner system of parent population profile shaft flow water turbine |
| CN107829873A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-03-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of tidal current energy water turbine based on double runner |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 变螺距螺旋离心泵叶片型线参数方程的分析;李仁年;陈冰;韩伟;李琪飞;;排灌机械(第06期);全文 * |
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