CN109441691B - Mixed-flow water turbine with tail water pipe and rectifying plate - Google Patents
Mixed-flow water turbine with tail water pipe and rectifying plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109441691B CN109441691B CN201811190235.6A CN201811190235A CN109441691B CN 109441691 B CN109441691 B CN 109441691B CN 201811190235 A CN201811190235 A CN 201811190235A CN 109441691 B CN109441691 B CN 109441691B
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- rectifying plate
- draft tube
- diameter
- rotating wheel
- volute
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/02—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/125—Rotors for radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side, e.g. for Francis-type turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
- F03B3/186—Spiral or volute casings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed-flow water turbine with a tail water pipe and a rectifying plate, wherein the flow passage region of the mixed-flow water turbine comprises a volute (1), a guide vane region (2), a rotating wheel (4) and tail water with the rectifying plate (8) which are sequentially connectedA pipe (7), wherein the diffusion angle of the straight conical section of the tail water pipe (7) is β16, be equipped with trapezoidal cross section cowling panel (8) of taking the circular arc side in the draft tube, each cowling panel (8) is arranged around pasting draft tube (7) inner wall circumference in the hydraulic turbine axis, and cowling panel (8) are close to axle head cone angle β2The thickness control direction of the rectifying plate (8) is β degrees when the angle is 9 degrees3The number of the rectifying plates (8) is 4-6. The invention improves the unsteady flow field of the rotating wheel to improve the running performance of the water turbine, and aims to improve the energy recovery coefficient of the draft tube and improve or eliminate the vortex phenomenon in the draft tube under the non-design working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic machinery, and particularly relates to a mixed-flow water turbine with a tail water pipe and a rectifying plate.
Background
Hydroelectric power generation is used as a renewable energy source, and has small impact on the environment. Besides providing cheap electric power, the device also has the advantages of controlling flood, providing irrigation water, improving river shipping and the like. The mixed-flow water turbine is a standard and representative model of the research, design and manufacturing level of the water turbine of the current hydroelectric power generation system, and has higher requirements on the reliability, stability, safety and the like of the whole machine while developing towards the high efficiency and large capacity targets.
Chinese patent application 201210209725.2 discloses a turbine draft tube vortex generator for producing a series of little whirlpools to the whirlpools of turbine draft tube self, this simple structure and installation are nimble, but the device needs rivers to flow around just can produce the vortex, and new vortex and draft tube self whirlpools and is a very complicated process, will produce the secondary effect loss. Chinese patent application 201410243350.0 discloses a draft tube for hydraulic turbine, both ends open-ended rectifying cylinder around being equipped with in the passageway of draft tube, in order to restrain eccentric vortex strip's production and influence, however most research achievements show that draft tube vortex strip first appears the position and is close to the runner export, the device position can only produce the influence to the terminal vortex of vortex strip, and the device needs dead lever and draft tube wall connection, extra part adds the complexity that has increased the structure on the one hand, on the other hand is located the connecting rod in the flow field and also can produce the influence to the draft tube internal flow, be fixed in ground for the connecting rod to the second connected mode, the sealed work of internal flow and external world has been increased. Chinese patent application 201611243124.8 discloses a double runner hydraulic turbine for cooling tower with spherical spiral blades, which has increased output along with the rotation of the runner at the same speed by arranging spiral blades in the draft tube, but the structure is complex, the processing is difficult and the cost is high, the performance requirements of the extra runner on external structural components such as shafts are improved, the space required by the unit is increased by additionally increasing the water outlet pipe, and the flow speed direction of the runner blades impacts the spiral blades to cause the increase of the loss of the flow passage section, the instability of the whole internal flow field is enhanced, and the like.
In summary, on the basis of improving the flow state characteristics in the water turbine to improve the operation performance of the water turbine, it is necessary to provide an effective and simple processing strategy capable of improving the energy recovery coefficient of the draft tube of the water turbine and improving the stability of the internal flow field thereof, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a mixed-flow water turbine with a rectifying plate on a tail water pipe, which can solve the problem of vortex flow in the tail water pipe of the water turbine on the basis of realizing high-efficiency conversion of water flow, thereby improving the operation stability of a unit.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a mixed-flow water turbine with a tail water pipe and a rectifying plate is characterized in that an overflow area of the water turbine comprises a volute, a guide vane area, a rotating wheel and the tail water pipe with the rectifying plate which are sequentially connected; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the diffusion angle of the straight conical section of the draft tube is β 16 degrees, be equipped with the trapezoidal cross section cowling panel of taking the circular arc side in the draft tube, each cowling panel is around the interior wall circumference of tailtube of hydraulic turbine inscription and is arranged, and the cowling panel is close to axle head cone angle β2At 9 deg., the thickness control direction of the rectifying plate is β3The number of the rectifying plates is 4-6.
The invention is further improved in that the cross section of the rectifying plate is trapezoidal, and the rectifying plate rotates β around the axis of the water turbine by taking L1 as a generatrix3The L2 side is obtained, the swept range is the thickness of the rectifying plate, the side of the rectifying plate L3 is attached to the draft tube, the molded line of the trapezoidal side L4 close to the axis side of the water turbine is 3.335x +31.72, and the side L5 is flush with the outlet of the draft tube.
The invention has the further improvement that the volute is an angle-wrapping volute, the section of the volute is elliptical, the length ratio of each ellipse is equal to 1.618, and the variation trend equation of the elliptical sectional area of the volute around the circumferential direction is as follows: y is-0.041 x +0.239, and the wrap angle of the volute is 315-335 degrees.
The invention has the further improvement that a plurality of curvature blade type guide vanes are uniformly distributed in the guide vane area in the circumferential direction, the number of the single-row guide vanes is 16, and the diameter D of the distribution circle of the guide vanesVDiameter D of inlet of rotating wheelIRatio of 2.1916, throat diameter D of guide vaneTDiameter D of inlet of rotating wheelIThe ratio was 0.0825.
The invention is further improved in that the inlet height B3 of the rotating wheel and the inlet diameter D of the rotating wheelIThe ratio is 0.096, and the diameter D of the outlet of the rotating wheelPDiameter D of inlet of rotating wheelIThe ratio is 0.513.
The invention is further improved in that the runner blades are composed of a plurality of long blades and short blades at intervals, the long blades and the short blades of the runner are arranged at intervals of 1: 1, the outflow diameter ratio of the long blades to the short blades is 0.336, and the wrap angle α of the long blades is 65-85 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
firstly, the mixed-flow water turbine with the tail water pipe and the rectifying plate provided by the invention has stable operation and high conversion rate of water flow energy, and the design size of the rotating wheel can be reduced by arranging the long and short blades, so that the whole size of the water turbine is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Secondly, the draft tube internally attached with the trapezoidal flow straightener structure improves the energy recovery coefficient of the draft tube, improves and even eliminates the vortex phenomenon in the draft tube under the non-designed working condition, thereby reducing the internal flow loss, improving the running efficiency of the water turbine on the one hand, improving the running stability of the whole hydroelectric generating set on the other hand, and prolonging the service life of the set.
Thirdly, the structure of the trapezoidal flow straightener attached in the draft tube has universality, and particularly has certain reference value for the stability research of various hydraulic machines by separating and rectifying the vortex structure at the outlet of the rotating wheel aiming at various water pumps, water turbines and reversible water pump turbine sets with draft tubes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mixed-flow turbine with a tail water pipe and a rectifying plate according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a long blade of the runner.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the long and short blades of the runner.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a negative curvature airfoil vane profile.
FIG. 5 is a top view of the draft tube.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the draft tube.
Description of reference numerals: 1-volute, 2-guide vane domain, 3-guide vane, 4-runner, 5-short vane, 6-long vane, 7-draft tube, 8-rectifying plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the francis turbine with the tail water pipe provided with the rectifying plate comprises a volute 1, a guide vane area 2, a rotating wheel 4 and a tail water pipe 7 which are connected in sequence, wherein the cross section of the volute 1 is elliptical, and the outlet ring surface of the volute is connected with the inlet ring surface of the guide vane area 2; the guide vane area 2 comprises 16 negative-curvature vane type guide vanes 3 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, water flow enters a rotating wheel 4 through the throat part of each guide vane 3, the rotating wheel 4 is formed by 9 short blades 5 and 9 long blades 6 at intervals, and the water flow applies work to the rotating wheel 4, so that the rotating wheel drives a shaft connected with a motor to rotate, and the conversion from water flow energy to mechanical energy is realized; runner 4 outflows through draft tube 7 outflow, 7 inner walls of draft tube are attached with cowling panel 8, and trapezoidal cowling panel 8 sets up the formation that is used for preventing runner export vortex area to improve the interior flow state of draft tube, in order to improve draft tube energy recovery coefficient, be of value to improving the whole operating stability of hydraulic turbine.
The realization principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a mixed-flow water turbine with a tail water pipe and a rectifying plate, which aims to improve the operation stability on the basis of improving the operation efficiency of the water turbine, and long blades 6 and short blades 5 which are arranged at intervals are arranged in a rotating wheel 4 to improve the internal flow field of the rotating wheel; the tapered blades are arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the draft tube 7 in an evenly distributed mode skillfully, so that the circumferential outflow speed of the runner is separated, the formation of vortex is organized, and the tapered blades have the functions of flow guiding and rectifying, so that the problem of secondary effect of the inflow of the draft tube caused by the improvement of the flow field characteristic of the runner is solved well, and the performance of the water turbine is improved to a great extent.
Examples
The invention provides a further preferable scheme of the mixed-flow water turbine with the rectifying plate of the draft tube, wherein the diffusion angle of the straight conical section of the draft tube is β 16 degrees, be equipped with the trapezoidal cross section cowling panel of taking the circular arc side in the draft tube, each cowling panel is around the interior wall circumference of tailtube of hydraulic turbine inscription and is arranged, and the cowling panel is close to axle head cone angle β2At 9 deg., the thickness control direction of the rectifying plate is β3The number of the rectifying plates is 4 when the angle is 10 degrees.
The cross section of the rectifying plate is trapezoidal, and the rectifying plate rotates β around the axis by taking L1 as a generatrix3The L2 side is obtained, the swept range is the thickness of the rectifying plate, the side of the rectifying plate L3 is attached to the draft tube, the line equation of the trapezoidal side L4 close to the axis side of the water turbine is that y is 3.335x +31.72, and the side L5 is flush with the outlet of the draft tube.
The cross section of the angle wrapping type volute is elliptical, the length ratio of each ellipse is equal to 1.618, and the variation trend equation of the elliptical cross section of the volute around the circumferential direction is as follows: y is-0.041 x +0.239, and the wrap angle is 318 degrees.
The long blade 6 of the runner is a three-dimensional twisted curved surface, four cross sections are equally divided according to bone lines in the height direction of the blade, and the dotted line shows the molded line of each cross-section blade.
The short blades 5 are consistent with the long blades 6 in blade type, the long blades and the short blades of the rotating wheel are arranged at intervals of 1: 1, the outflow diameter ratio of the long blades and the short blades is 0.336, and the wrap angle α of the long blades is 70 degrees.
16 single-row negative-curvature blade-shaped guide vanes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the diameter D of a distribution circle of the guide vanes 3VDiameter D of inlet of rotating wheelIRatio of 2.1916, throat diameter D of guide vane 3TDiameter D of inlet of rotating wheelIThe ratio was 0.0825.
Descriptions not related to the implementation of the invention belong to the known technology in the field, and the description can be implemented by referring to the known technology. The invention obtains satisfactory application effect through repeated test verification, and the idea of the structure of the tail water pipe with the flow straightener is suitable for hydraulic machines with the tail water pipes.
The above embodiments and examples are specific supports for the technical idea of the mixed-flow turbine with the flow straightener in the tail water pipe, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any equivalent changes or equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A mixed-flow water turbine with a tail water pipe and a rectifying plate is characterized in that the flow area of the mixed-flow water turbine comprises a volute (1), a guide vane area (2), a rotating wheel (4) and a tail water pipe (7) with a rectifying plate (8) which are connected in sequence; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the diffusion angle of the straight conical section of the draft tube (7) is β16, be equipped with trapezoidal cross section cowling panel (8) of taking the circular arc side in the draft tube, each cowling panel (8) is arranged around pasting draft tube (7) inner wall circumference in the hydraulic turbine axis, and cowling panel (8) are close to axle head cone angle β2The thickness control direction of the rectifying plate (8) is β degrees when the angle is 9 degrees3The number of the rectifying plates (8) is 4-6;
the cross section of the rectifying plate (8) is trapezoidal, and the rectifying plate rotates β around the axis of the water turbine by taking L1 as a generatrix3The L side is obtained, the swept range is the thickness of the rectifying plate (8), the side of the rectifying plate (8) L is attached to the draft tube (7), the line equation of the trapezoidal side L4 close to the axis side of the water turbine is that y is 3.335x +31.72, and the side L is flush with the outlet of the draft tube;
the volute (1) is an angle wrapping type volute, the cross section of the volute is elliptical, the length ratio of each ellipse is equal to 1.618, and the variation trend equation of the elliptical cross section area of the volute around the circumferential direction is as follows: y is-0.041 x +0.239, and the wrap angle of the volute (1) is 315-335 degrees;
the runner blade is composed of a plurality of long blades (6) and short blades (5) at intervals, the long blades (6) and the short blades (5) of the runner (4) are arranged at intervals of 1: 1, the outflow diameter ratio of the long blades (6) to the short blades (5) is 0.336, and the wrap angle α of the long blades (6) is 65-85 degrees.
2. The francis turbine of claim 1, wherein a plurality of negative curvature blade type guide vanes (3) are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the guide vane area (2), the number of the single-row guide vanes (3) is 16, and the diameter D of the distribution circle of the guide vanes (3) isVDiameter D of inlet of rotating wheelIRatio of 2.1916, diameter D of throat of guide vane (3)TDiameter D of inlet of rotating wheelIThe ratio was 0.0825.
3. A francis turbine with a tailrace and a cowling panel in accordance with claim 1, wherein the runner (4) inlet height B3 and runner inlet diameter DIThe ratio is 0.096, and the diameter D of the outlet of the rotating wheelPDiameter D of inlet of rotating wheelIThe ratio is 0.513.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811190235.6A CN109441691B (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2018-10-12 | Mixed-flow water turbine with tail water pipe and rectifying plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811190235.6A CN109441691B (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2018-10-12 | Mixed-flow water turbine with tail water pipe and rectifying plate |
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| CN109441691A CN109441691A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
| CN109441691B true CN109441691B (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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| CN201811190235.6A Active CN109441691B (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2018-10-12 | Mixed-flow water turbine with tail water pipe and rectifying plate |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112360660B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-07-12 | 陕西省引汉济渭工程建设有限公司 | Long and short blade type reversible pump turbine |
| CN115405454B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-04-16 | 扬州大学 | Multifunctional mixed-flow water turbine and automatic regulating system |
| CN115822839A (en) * | 2022-11-19 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏大学流体机械温岭研究院 | Energy recovery turbine draft tube with guide vanes |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5266128A (en) * | 1975-11-27 | 1977-06-01 | Toshiba Corp | Draft tube |
| CN201083177Y (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2008-07-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Draft tube |
| CN101158328B (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2010-04-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Novel draft-tube and preparation method thereof |
| CN102720622B (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2015-02-04 | 河海大学 | Vortex generator for turbine draft tube |
| CN203214227U (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-09-25 | 河海大学 | Small mixed-flow water turbine for water-cooling tower system |
| CN103498749B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2016-03-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of small-scale mixed-flow pump turbine for low water head pumped storage power station |
| CN103696895A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Mixed-flow type water pump turbine |
| CN104121138B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-12-07 | 清华大学 | A kind of turbine draft tube with whirlpool inhibitory action |
| CN204591564U (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-08-26 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of Francis turbine with exit guide vane |
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2018
- 2018-10-12 CN CN201811190235.6A patent/CN109441691B/en active Active
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