CN106837655B

CN106837655B - Through-flow type environment-friendly water turbine

Info

Publication number: CN106837655B
Application number: CN201510885762.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺建华; 刘德民; 赵永智; 石清华
Original assignee: Dongfang Electric Machinery Co Ltd DEC
Current assignee: Dongfang Electric Machinery Co Ltd DEC
Priority date: 2015-12-04
Filing date: 2015-12-04
Publication date: 2020-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2035-12-04
Also published as: CN106837655A

Abstract

The invention discloses a through-flow environment-friendly water turbine, which comprises a water conduit, guide vanes, a rotating wheel and a diffusion pipe, wherein the outlet end of the water conduit is connected with the inlet end of the diffusion pipe, the guide vanes are uniformly arranged at the outlet end of the water conduit along the circumferential direction, the rotating wheel is arranged in the pipe at the outlet end of the water conduit, the hub of the rotating wheel is connected with a main shaft of the water turbine, a bulb body is further arranged at the outlet end in the water conduit, a generator is arranged in the bulb body, the input shaft of the generator is connected with the output end of the rotating wheel, 2 blades of the rotating wheel are arranged, and the wrap angle. Compared with the conventional tubular turbine, the tubular turbine has the functions of protecting fishes from being damaged from multiple angles, has higher energy conversion efficiency and is particularly suitable for low-head power stations.

Description

Through-flow type environment-friendly water turbine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid machinery power generation, and particularly relates to a through-flow turbine.

Background

Two large pillars in the energy utilization structure in China are thermal power generation mainly by using coal and large and medium-sized hydroelectric power generation, and the utilization efficiency of new energy is low and the proportion of the new energy in the energy structure is small. With the rapid development of social economy, some contradictions of energy utilization in China begin to be highlighted, such as insufficient total energy, simple energy structure, extreme imbalance of energy distribution in regions and the like. The copenhagen conference puts forward a more strict requirement on energy consumption in China, and the consumption of fossil energy needs to be reduced. In order to meet the solemn commitments made by us for coping with global warming, while various renewable energy sources are actively developed and utilized, the ecological environment must be protected, which has important significance for national economic health development.

The renewable energy sources which are utilized in China mainly comprise water energy, wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy and the like. The development of high-water-head power stations is in the most mature position, especially huge power stations such as three gorges in the Yangtze river, dragon beach, stream luodie and the like are built successively to generate electricity, and as of 2013, the installed capacity of water and electricity in China reaches 2.8 hundred million kilowatts, the installed capacity of electricity generation in China reaches 12.47 hundred million kilowatts, and the installed capacity of water and electricity reaches 22.5 percent of the total installed capacity, so that the tension of energy utilization in China is greatly relieved. However, the low-head (2-10 m) hydropower stations in China are rich in resources, the installed capacity of the low-head radial hydropower stations accounts for about 16% of the installed capacity of water, and in addition, the fish resources of the low-head hydropower stations are rich, and the main fish species in China are four major fish species which are basically distributed in the low-head flow area. The through-flow type hydraulic generator is a hydraulic machine for generating electricity by using low-head river water resources, the unit is generally horizontally arranged, but the conventional through-flow type unit has more blades, so that the pressure changes violently along with time due to the fact that energy indexes are mainly considered during unit design, and the damage to fishes is large. Therefore, the through-flow type spiral environment-friendly water turbine is developed based on the two-way requirements of environmental protection and hydroelectric power generation.

In the face of increasingly serious energy crisis and huge environmental protection pressure, the development of the through-flow environment-friendly hydraulic generator suitable for the characteristics of the low-head power station is of great benefit to the development and utilization of low-head hydraulic resources and fish protection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a through-flow type environment-friendly water turbine which can completely solve the defects of the prior art.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a through-flow environment friendly hydraulic turbine, includes leading water pipe, stator, runner and diffuser, the exit end of leading water pipe and the entrance connection of diffuser evenly set up the stator along circumference at the leading water pipe exit end, the leading water pipe exit end is equipped with the runner room, at the indoor installation runner of runner, the wheel hub and the hydraulic turbine main shaft of runner are connected, the exit end still is equipped with the bulb body in the leading water pipe, at the internal installation generator of bulb, the generator input shaft is connected its characterized in that with the runner output: the blades of the runner are 2, and the wrap angle of the blades is 180-260 degrees.

Further, the blade inlet of the rotating wheel is an elliptical arc head.

The structure can avoid the collision damage of the fish.

Further, the runner blade is a spiral blade.

Further, the hub of the runner is spindle-shaped, the diameter of the inflow side of the hub is the diameter of one fourth of the runner, and the diameter of the outflow side of the hub is the diameter of one fifth of the runner.

Further, the guide vanes are straight blades, and the number of the guide vanes is 7-11.

Furthermore, the pipelines of the water conduits and the diffusion pipes corresponding to the left side and the right side of the rotating wheel are reducer pipes, and the pipe diameters are gradually increased along the direction far away from the rotating wheel.

Furthermore, the pipe diameter variation amplitude of the reducer pipe on the water conduit is larger than that of the reducer pipe on the diffusion pipe.

By adopting the structure, the kinetic energy of the inlet of the rotating wheel can be increased, the kinetic energy of the outlet can be reduced by the diffusion pipe, and finally the available energy of the fluid at the inlet and the outlet can be utilized.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has simple structure and reasonable design, compared with the conventional tubular turbine, the invention has the functions of protecting fishes from being damaged from a plurality of angles, has higher energy conversion efficiency and is particularly suitable for low-head power stations.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotor of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a through-flow environment-friendly water turbine comprises a water conduit 1, guide vanes 2, a runner 3 and a diffusion pipe 4, wherein the outlet end of the water conduit 1 is connected with the inlet end of the diffusion pipe 4, the guide vanes 2 are uniformly arranged at the outlet end of the water conduit 1 along the circumferential direction, the outlet end of the water conduit 1 is provided with a runner chamber, the runner 3 is arranged in the pipe at the outlet end of the water conduit 1, the hub of the runner 3 is connected with a main shaft of the water turbine, the outlet end of the water conduit 1 is also provided with a bulb body 5, a generator (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the bulb body 5, and the input shaft of the generator is.

The blades 301 of the runner 3 are 2 spiral blades, the wrap angle of the blades 301 is 180-260 degrees, 240 degrees are preferred in the embodiment, and the inlet of each blade is an elliptical arc head. The blades 301 are mounted on the hub 302 of the runner 3, and the width dimension of the blades 301 gradually increases from the root of the blades to the inner wall of the penstock 1 along the radial direction.

The hub 302 of the runner 3 is spindle-shaped, and the diameter of the inflow side of the hub is one fourth of the diameter of the runner 3, and the diameter of the outflow side of the hub is one fifth of the diameter of the runner 3.

The guide vane 2 is a straight vane, the number of the guide vane is 7-11, and 9 guide vanes are preferably selected in the embodiment. The number of the guide vanes is selected so that the flow cross section area formed between the guide vanes is 2-4 times of the flow area of a conventional water turbine.

The pipelines of the water conduit 1 and the diffusion pipe 4 corresponding to the left side and the right side of the runner 3 are reducing pipes 101, and the pipe diameters of the reducing pipes are gradually increased along the direction far away from the runner. The pipe diameter variation amplitude of the reducer pipe 101 on the water conduit 1 is larger than that of the reducer pipe 101 on the diffuser pipe 4. That is, the diameter of the reducer pipe 101 on the penstock 1 changes steeply, and the diameter of the reducer pipe 101 on the diffuser pipe 4 changes gently.

The runner 3 of the water turbine is only provided with 2 spiral blades, and the wrap angle of the blades is a large wrap angle of 240 degrees, so that high energy conversion efficiency can be ensured, and the economical efficiency is not lost. An open runner is formed between the runner blades, the area of the overflowing section of the runner is 2-4 times that of a conventional power station, fishes can conveniently and smoothly pass through the runner, and the fishes are prevented from being mechanically collided. Meanwhile, the fluid speed in the runner 3 is 10m/s, which is far less than 19m/s of the fish biological protection criterion; the pressure developed in the runner blade passage varies over time at 488kPa/s, which is less than 544 kPa/s, the criterion for biological protection of the fish.

In operation, water flows from the inlet end of the water conduit 1, passes through the bulb 5 containing the generator, the runner 3 and the diffuser 4 in sequence, and flows out from the outlet end of the diffuser 4. In the flowing process, water flow interacts with the runner blades 301 to drive the runner hub 302 to rotate, water flow energy is converted into mechanical energy, and the runner hub 302 drives the generator in the bulb body 5 to rotate through the main shaft of the water turbine to generate electricity. The through-flow type power generation water turbine has a simpler structure, the circular arc-shaped blade-shaped head, the wide flow passage and the gentle pressure change rule along with time fully protect the fishes passing through the turbine from being damaged, and meanwhile, the energy utilization rate is improved, and good energy performance is obtained.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A through-flow type environment-friendly water turbine is characterized in that: the fish-farming cultivation device comprises a water guide pipe, guide vanes, a rotating wheel and a diffusion pipe, wherein the outlet end of the water guide pipe is connected with the inlet end of the diffusion pipe, the guide vanes are uniformly arranged at the outlet end of the water guide pipe along the circumferential direction, a rotating wheel chamber is arranged at the outlet end of the water guide pipe, the rotating wheel is installed in the rotating wheel chamber, a hub of the rotating wheel is connected with a main shaft of a water turbine, a bulb body is further arranged at the outlet end in the water guide pipe, a generator is installed in the bulb body, an input shaft of the generator is connected with the output end of the rotating wheel, blades of the rotating wheel are spiral blades, the width of the blades is gradually increased to the inner wall of the water guide pipe along the radial direction from the root parts of the blades, the blade inlets are elliptical arc heads, the blades are.

2. The flow-through, environmentally friendly water turbine of claim 1, wherein: the hub of runner is spindle type, and the diameter of hub inflow side is the quarter of runner diameter, and the diameter of hub outflow side is the fifth of runner diameter.

3. The flow-through, environmentally friendly water turbine of claim 1, wherein: the guide vanes are straight vanes, and the number of the guide vanes is 7-11.

4. The flow-through, environmentally friendly water turbine of claim 1, wherein: the pipelines of the water diversion pipes and the diffusion pipes corresponding to the left side and the right side of the rotating wheel are variable diameter pipes, and the pipe diameters are gradually increased along the direction away from the rotating wheel.

5. The flow-through, environmentally friendly water turbine of claim 4, wherein: the pipe diameter variation range of the reducer pipe on the water conduit is larger than that of the reducer pipe on the diffusion pipe.