WO2020010872A1

WO2020010872A1 - Ultralow-head hydroelectric generator

Info

Publication number: WO2020010872A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/078802
Authority: WO
Inventors: 沈家同; 刘建朝; 吴正光
Original assignee: 沈家同
Priority date: 2018-07-11
Filing date: 2019-03-20
Publication date: 2020-01-16
Also published as: CN108644058A

Abstract

An ultralow-head hydroelectric generator, comprising a guide shell (1), and a tapered slag retaining net (7) mounted at a water inlet end of the guide shell (1). An impeller (2) in the guide shell (1) is connected to an input shaft of an accelerator (3). An output shaft of the accelerator (3) is in shaft connection to one end of a generator (4), and the other end of the generator (4) is connected to a tail cone (6). Support frames (5) connected to the guide shell (1) are uniformly mounted in the circumferential direction of the generator (3). A floating device is mounted at the upper end of the guide shell (1). The hydroelectric generator solves the problem of difficult effective utilization of existing ultralow-head water resources in a traditional mode.

Description

Ultra-low-head hydroelectric generator

Technical field

The invention belongs to a hydroelectric power generation device in the field of energy, and relates to an ultra-low head hydroelectric generator.

Background technique

In the development and utilization of renewable and clean energy technologies, wind and photovoltaic power generation are limited by geographical conditions, and the cost of installation and construction is very high. Therefore, hydropower generation technology has received widespread attention; its principle is to achieve hydropower generation by flowing water to do work on the water wheel. ; Traditional hydropower generally includes water turbines, generators, pipelines and ancillary facilities, pumping pumps, power management, etc .; the construction of hydropower stations must have water flow drop to block dams, the structure is more complex, and resources are gradually becoming scarce. higher cost. Therefore, the construction of traditional hydropower stations is subject to very large restrictions. However, the world's rivers, ocean currents, and tidal currents are very rich in hydropower resources, and more efficient, practical, and inexpensive new energy equipment is urgently needed to make full use of them.

The invention patent with authorization bulletin number CN103397975B discloses a standard floating tube type hydroelectric generator, which includes a floating tube speed increasing device, a water turbine and a generator; the floating tube speed increasing device is composed of a tubular water receiver, a working section and a draft tube; a water turbine The water turbine is connected to the generator in the working section between the water outlet of the tubular water collector and the water inlet of the tailpipe. The hydroelectric generator disclosed by the present invention can directly use the natural water power of rivers, ocean currents, and tidal streams. Through the tubular speed-up device suspended in the water, it can accelerate the speed of the natural flowing water into the machine, impact the turbine, and drive the generator to emit higher efficiency The advection water power generation device for electric energy is an efficient, practical, and inexpensive new energy equipment for the development and utilization of river, ocean current, and tide advection water hydraulic resources in the world. However, there are still a large number of ultra-low head hydraulic resources in the natural world that are difficult to effectively utilize by traditional methods such as pontoons, pontoons, and wave generators. Low-head hydropower equipment is imminent.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides an ultra-low-head hydraulic generator in order to solve the problem that a large number of existing ultra-low-head hydraulic resources are difficult to effectively utilize traditional methods.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ultra-low head hydroelectric generator, which comprises a diversion casing and a cone-shaped slag blocking net installed at the water inlet end of the diversion casing. The small end of the slag blocking net is provided for connecting a steel wire rope. Pull ring, the big end of the slag block is detachably connected with the deflector casing, and the impeller, the speed increaser, the generator and the tail vertebra are installed in turn inside the deflection housing, and the impeller is connected to the input shaft of the speed increaser, The output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to the shaft of one end of the generator, and the other end of the engine is connected to the tail vertebra. Both ends of the speed increaser and the generator are provided with a waterproof seal structure, and the guide housing is evenly installed in the circumferential direction of the generator. The connected support frame, the guide casing is in the shape of an arc-shaped cylinder recessed inside the guide casing, and the impeller is installed on the neck of the guide casing. The diameter ratio of the rear end and the front end of the guide casing is 1.2 to 1.8. The ratio of the length of the casing to the diameter of the rear end is 0.5 to 1.5, and a floating lifting device is installed at the upper end of the diversion casing.

Further, the thickness of the middle portion of the diversion casing is uniform, and the thickness at both ends is greater than the thickness at the middle portion.

Further, the floating lifting device includes a floating body and a floating body support. The floating body is a cylindrical structure or a flat plate structure. One end of the floating body support is connected to the floating body, and the other end is connected to the diversion casing.

Furthermore, the speed-up multiple of the speed increaser is 4-20.

Further, the support frame includes a support leg and a hoop, the hoop is clamped on the engine casing to fix the engine, the support leg is connected to the casing by a fastener, and the fastener is a bolt.

Further, the cross section of the support leg has a symmetrical airfoil shape, and the cross section of the support leg has a twist angle of 5-10 ° in the axial direction.

Further, the supporting leg is cylindrical, and the cross section of the supporting leg has no twist angle in the axial direction.

Further, the slag blocking net is welded into a tapered structure by a steel wire, and the taper of the tapered structure slag blocking net is 45 to 80 °.

Further, the generator casing is made of aluminum alloy, the generator is a three-phase brushless alternator, and the generator is used for off-grid power generation or grid-connected power generation.

Further, the number of supporting legs is three or four, the guide housing, the support frame and the tail vertebra are made of polymer material injection molding, and the impeller is made of polymer or metal alloy.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The ultra-low-head hydroelectric generator disclosed in the present invention has an impeller, a speed increaser, a generator, and a tailbone installed inside the diversion casing. The ultra-low-head water flows into the diversion casing and is guided in an arc-shaped tube. It accelerates under the action of the flow casing. After the initial acceleration, the water current acts on the impeller and pushes the impeller to rotate. When the impeller rotates, the input shaft of the speed increaser connected to the impeller is rotated. Under the speed-up effect of the speed increaser, the output shaft of the speed increaser drives the rotating shaft of the generator at a certain speed higher than the input shaft, so that the rotating shaft of the generator rotates at a higher speed to generate electricity. Therefore, the ultra-low-head hydraulic generator can also realize the reliable power generation of the generator under the condition of low water flow speed, reduce the demand for the water flow itself when the generator is used, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

2. The ultra-low head hydroelectric generator disclosed in the present invention has a shortened length of the diversion casing compared with the existing hydroelectric generators. According to the Navier-Stokes equation and Bernoulli equation, the diversion casing When the ratio of the diameter of the rear end of the body to the front end is 1.2 to 1.8, and the ratio of the length of the diversion casing to the diameter of the rear end is 0.5 to 1.5, the power generation of the entire ultra-low head hydroelectric generator is the best, which is relative to the existing hydroelectric generator per unit time. The amount has been increased. At the same time, the hydroelectric generator that shortens the length of the diversion casing can save production costs compared to existing hydroelectric generators, and has a higher utilization rate of hydraulic resources.

3. The ultra-low-head hydroelectric generator disclosed in the present invention has a speed increase factor of 4 to 20 times, and the two ends of the speed increaser have a sealed structure. If the speed multiplier of the speed increaser is too high, the volume of the speed increaser will inevitably increase, which in turn will increase the volume of the buoyant generator and increase the production cost of the buoyant generator. If the speed multiplier of the speed increaser is too small, the power generation performance of the generator will be affected in some cases where the water flow speed is low. Setting the speed multiplier of the speed increaser to 4 to 10 times is a number of times. After field tests, it was determined that after this multiple of acceleration, it can meet the use of generators under most water flow conditions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for description:

FIG. 1 is a front view of an ultra-low head hydroelectric generator according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the ultra-low-head hydraulic generator of the present invention; FIG.

3 is an axial view of an ultra-low-head hydroelectric generator according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a diversion casing of an ultra-low-head hydroelectric generator according to the present invention.

detailed description

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

Reference signs in the drawings of the specification include:

Diversion casing 1, impeller 2, speed increaser 3, generator 4, support frame 5, tail vertebra 6, slag block 7, floating body 8.

Example 1

The ultra-low-head hydroelectric generator shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 includes a diversion casing 1 and a cone-shaped slag blocking net 7 installed on the water inlet end of the diversion casing 1. The middle portion of the diversion casing 1 has a uniform thickness. The end thickness is greater than the middle thickness. The diversion casing 1 has an arc-shaped cylindrical shape. Since the middle portion of the diversion casing 1 is concave, the diversion casing 1 can collect a large area of ultra-low current, and its kinetic energy, pressure energy, and potential energy make it enter the diversion casing. The water flow of 1 is gradually increased, so that the water flow entering the diversion casing 1 has an initial speed. The diameter ratio of the rear end and the front end of the diversion casing 1 is 1.2 to 1.8, and the ratio of the length of the diversion casing 1 to the rear end diameter is 0.5 to 1.5. The slag block net is welded into a tapered structure by a steel wire, and the taper of the tapered structure slag block net 7 is 45-80 °. The small end of the slag blocking net 7 is provided with a pull ring for connecting the steel wire rope, the pull ring is used for connecting the steel wire rope, the wire rope is connected and fixed at the shore or the bottom of the water, and the large end of the slag blocking net 7 is detachably connected to the diversion casing 1.

An impeller 2, a speed increaser 3, a generator 4, and a tail vertebra 6 are sequentially installed inside the deflector housing 1. The impeller 2 is installed at the neck of the deflection housing 1. The impeller 2 is connected to the input shaft of the speed increaser 3. The output shaft of the speed increaser 3 is connected to one end of the generator 4 and the other end of the engine is connected to the tail vertebra 6. Both ends of the speed increaser 3 and the generator 4 are provided with a waterproof seal structure. The speed increase factor of the speed increaser 3 It is 4 to 20, and the increase rate is determined after several field tests. After this acceleration, it can meet the use of generators in most water flow conditions. The ultra-low-head water flow enters the guide casing 1 and accelerates under the action of the arc-shaped cylindrical guide casing 1. After the initial acceleration, the water current acts on the impeller 2 and pushes the impeller 2 to rotate, while the impeller 2 rotates Drive the input shaft of the speed increaser 3 connected to the impeller 2 to rotate. Under the speed-up effect of the speed increaser 3, the output shaft of the speed increaser 3 drives the rotation shaft of the generator 4 at a rotation speed higher than the input shaft, so that the rotation shaft of the generator 4 rotates at a higher speed for power generation. .

The shell of the generator 4 is made of aluminum alloy. The generator 4 is a three-phase brushless alternator 4. The generator 4 is used for off-grid power generation or grid-connected power generation. When the generator 4 is used for off-grid power generation, the output of the generator 4 is connected to an external intelligent charging controller. The intelligent charging controller has the maximum power tracking technology, which can charge the external battery. The inverter is used after being inverted to 220V50Hz AC power, or the output end of generator 4 is directly connected to an external integrated inverter control machine via a wire. It does not require a battery and directly outputs 380 / 220V 50Hz AC power for direct use. When the generator 4 is used for grid-connected power generation, the output end of the generator 4 is connected to the grid-connected inverter via a wire, and the electric energy is input into the (national) power grid, and at the same time, it is provided for use by users.

A support frame 5 connected to the deflector housing 1 is evenly installed in the circumferential direction of the generator 4, and the support frame 5 is injection-molded with a polymer material. The support frame 5 includes a support leg and a hoop. The hoop is clamped on the casing of the engine to fix the engine. The support leg and the casing are connected by a fastener, and the fastener is a bolt. The cross section of the support leg is a symmetrical airfoil, and the cross section of the support leg has a twist angle of 5-10 ° in the axial direction. The number of support legs is three or four. For the lightness and strength of the whole product, the impeller 2, the housing, the motor support 5 and the tail vertebra 6 can be made by polymer injection molding process. The impeller 2 is an integral injection molded part or each piece is injection molded from aluminum alloy. Material wheels are connected together. The deflector housing 1 may be an integral injection molded part or a block injection, and then connected together by a connecting member. The support frame 5 may be divided into three or four pieces for injection molding.

The proper use of the conical tail vertebra 6 can make the water flow in the diversion casing 1 spread rapidly, and a large pressure difference between the front and rear sections, so that the water flow velocity in the diversion casing 1 increases, and the impeller 2 obtains a larger The mechanical energy drives the generator 4 to generate electricity. The ultra-low-head hydro-generator can achieve the power generation effect of the existing hydro-generators for water flow velocity below 0.8 m / s.

A floating lifting device is installed at the upper end of the deflector housing 1. The floating lifting device includes a floating body 8 and a floating body support. The floating body 8 is a cylindrical structure or a flat plate structure. One end of the floating body support is connected to the floating body, and the other end is connected to the conductive housing 1. Due to the buoyancy of the floating body 8, the entire hydro-generator 4 can be guaranteed to float below the water surface.

Example 2

The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the supporting leg is cylindrical, and the cross section of the supporting leg has no twist angle in the axial direction. The impeller 2 may also be made of a metal alloy material.

Finally, it is explained that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that Various changes are made in detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

An ultra-low-head hydraulic generator is characterized in that it comprises a diversion casing and a conical structure slag blocking net installed on the water inlet end of the diversion casing. The small end of the slag blocking net is provided with a pull ring for connecting a steel wire rope. The big end of the slag blocking net is detachably connected to a deflector housing, and an impeller, a speed increaser, a generator, and a tail vertebra are installed in the inside of the deflection housing, and the impeller is connected to the input shaft of the speed increaser. The output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to one end shaft of the generator, and the other end of the engine is connected to the tail vertebra. Both the speed increaser and the generator are provided with a waterproof seal structure at both ends. A support frame connected to a deflector casing, the deflector casing is in the shape of an arc-shaped cylinder recessed inside the deflector casing, and an impeller is installed on the neck of the deflector casing. The diameter ratio of the rear end and the front end of the deflection casing is 1.2 to 1.8, the ratio of the length of the diversion casing to the diameter of the rear end is 0.5 to 1.5, and a floating lifting device is installed at the upper end of the diversion casing.
The ultra-low head hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the middle portion of the diversion casing is uniform, and the thickness at both ends is greater than the thickness at the middle portion.
The ultra-low head hydroelectric generator according to claim 2, wherein the floating lifting device comprises a floating body and a floating body support, the floating body is a cylindrical structure or a flat plate structure, one end of the floating body support is connected to the floating body, and the other end is connected to the diversion body. Housing connection.
The ultra-low head hydroelectric generator according to claim 3, wherein the speed-up multiple of the speed increaser is 4-20.
The ultra-low head hydroelectric generator according to claim 4, wherein the support frame comprises support legs and a hoop, the hoop is clamped on the engine casing to fix the engine, and the support legs and the casing are connected by fasteners , Fasteners are bolts.
The ultra-low head hydroelectric generator according to claim 5, wherein the cross section of the support leg has a symmetrical airfoil shape, and the cross section of the support leg has a twist angle of 5-10 ° in the axial direction.
The ultra-low head hydroelectric generator according to claim 5, wherein the support leg is cylindrical, and the cross section of the support leg has no twist angle in the axial direction.
The ultra-low-head hydroelectric generator according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the slag blocking net is welded into a conical structure by a steel wire, and the taper of the slag blocking net of the tapered structure is 45-80 °.
The ultra-low-head hydroelectric generator according to claim 8, wherein the generator casing is made of aluminum alloy, the generator is a three-phase brushless alternator, and the generator is used for off-grid power generation or grid connection Generate electricity.
The ultra-low head hydroelectric generator according to claim 9, characterized in that the number of the support legs is three or four, the guide housing, the support frame and the tail vertebra are made of polymer material injection molding, and the impeller The material is polymer or metal alloy.