A kind of bilateral stator tubular turbine being provided with oval runner
Technical field
The invention belongs to fluid machinery and hydroelectric project equipment technical field, particularly relate to a kind of bilateral stator tubular turbine being provided with oval runner.
Background technique
Along with the large-scale development of China's hydroelectric resources, the middle and high head website belonging to economic indicator good is fewer and feweri, and develop low water head run-off river power station has particularly become the focus of research to the exploitation of tidal energy and entered the practicability stage thereupon.Known tubular turbine is because its inflow-rate of water turbine is large, rotating speed is high and efficiency is high, and efficient district is wide, compact structure and the advantage such as layout is simple and a kind of most economical and suitable water turbine pattern that becomes in low water head water energy development, how to utilize these advantages develop a kind of can be applied to tidal power station, low water head, large discharge two-way shaft tubular formula unit are significant efficiently.
Chinese patent application 201110363608.7 discloses one " large-scale shaft tubular formula turbine-generator units ", this device is the water flow passage being provided around vertical shaft in the both sides of concrete shaft respectively, the cross section of vertical shaft is streamlined, and current enter the runner envelope of water turbine after the movable guide vane place of water turbine converges.But this device runner adopts rectangular cross-section, be circumference transition from import cross section to vane inlet cross section, all more complicated in three-dimensional artificial modeling and manufacture process, practical application effect is not good yet.At present, what bidirectional tidal generating power station adopted mostly is the structure of one-sided stator, when adopting one-sided movable guide vane, by regulating the fit angle of movable guide vane and blade, the hydraulic performance that forward is generated electricity is better, but when reverse power generation, there is no rearmounted movable guide vane, current do not form certain circular rector before entering runner, can not coordinate preferably with blade, cause reverse power generation hydraulic performance poor.
The paper that Yang Chunxia delivers " adopts two-way power generation performance research (BidirectionalPowerPerformanceofaTidalUnitwithUnilaterala ndDoubleGuideVanes) of the tide unit of one-sided-bilateral activity stator ", have studied adopt one-sided with the impact of bilateral activity stator two kinds of multi-form stators on tubular tide unit hydraulic performance, when adopting bilateral activity stator, its forward generating efficiency is 85.81%, reverse power generation efficiency is 80.66%, and the total efficiency of forward and reverse power generation is better than adopting one-sided movable guide vane form; Although adopt bilateral activity stator to improve generating efficiency, but also exist following not enough: when generating electricity forward or backwards simultaneously, current enter after outlet passage will produce whirlpool through water outlet stators, have both caused forward decrease of power generation, affect again reverse power generation efficiency and improve.
How to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and become one of emphasis difficult problem urgently to be resolved hurrily in current fluid machinery and hydroelectric project equipment technical field.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of bilateral stator tubular turbine being provided with oval runner for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention can ensure that current are level and smooth in oval runner, smooth and easy and flowing is symmetrical, the overall generating efficiency of unit is improved further, is applicable to the shaft tubular formula water turbine of various low water head tidal power station.
According to a kind of bilateral stator tubular turbine being provided with oval runner that the present invention proposes, it comprises forward water inlet flow channel, vertical shaft, supporting frame, forward movable guide vane, two-way generating runner, reverse activity stator, oppositely water inlet flow channel, generator and speed increaser, wherein: generator is connected by speed increaser with two-way generating runner; Generator and speed increaser are placed in vertical shaft; Forward movable guide vane is arranged between forward water inlet flow channel and two-way generating runner; This reverse activity stator is arranged between two-way generating runner and reverse water inlet flow channel, reverse activity stator is equal with forward movable guide vane quantity and be uniformly distributed circumferentially setting respectively, it is characterized in that described forward water inlet flow channel is forward elliptic cross-section, the minor axis of this forward elliptic cross-section is golden section with the ratio of major axis; From the oval minor axis in water inlet cross section before forward water inlet cross section to forward movable guide vane section and the ratio linear increment of major axis, the minor axis in the water inlet cross section before entering forward stator section changes 1 into the ratio of major axis, is namely changed to positive to circular cross-section by forward elliptic cross-section; Described reverse water inlet flow channel is reverse elliptic cross-section, and the minor axis of this reverse elliptic cross-section is golden section with the ratio of major axis; From the ellipse short shaft in water inlet cross section before the cross section to reverse activity stator section that oppositely intakes and the ratio linear increment of major axis, the minor axis in the water inlet cross section before entering reverse stator section changes 1 into the ratio of major axis, namely changes reverse circular cross-section into by reverse elliptic cross-section; The cross section of described vertical shaft is streamlined.
Working principle of the present invention is: be arranged on by generator in the upstream vertical shaft of tubular turbine, and the section of vertical shaft is streamlined.When forward generates electricity, current enter forward water inlet flow channel, walk around vertical shaft, converge at the forward movable guide vane place of tubular turbine and enter the runner envelope of tubular turbine, water impact runner blade, drive tubular turbine output shaft to rotate by runner blade switching energy, now reverse activity stator is full-gear, current, by reverse activity stator, flow out through reverse water inlet flow channel; When reverse power generation, current are flowed into by reverse water inlet flow channel, current enter the runner envelope of tubular turbine by reverse activity stator, water impact runner blade, drive tubular turbine output shaft to rotate by runner blade switching energy, now forward movable guide vane is full-gear, and current are by forward movable guide vane, walk around vertical shaft, flow out through forward water inlet flow channel.
The present invention compared with prior art its remarkable advantage is: one is that the present invention adopts oval water flow passage, greatly reduces three-dimensional modeling and manufacture difficulty, thus ensure that current are level and smooth in runner, smooth and easy and flowing is symmetrical, improves the Operating ettectiveness of water turbine.Two be the present invention when can ensure that stator is opened stator rotates flexibly, inflow-rate of water turbine is large and water guide performance is good, can ensure that again the Surface of action water shutoff performance at stator two ends when stator is closed is better; When forward generates electricity, by regulating forward movable guide vane angle, make current before entering runner, form certain circular rector, keep the hydraulic performance that good forward generates electricity, as when rated head is 2.5 meters, the present invention can make forward generating efficiency reach 89%; When reverse power generation, by regulating reverse activity stator, make current before entering runner, form certain circular rector, greatly improve reverse power generation efficiency, as when rated head is 2.5 meters, the present invention can make reverse power generation efficiency reach 82%.Three is that the present invention is when declared working condition, blade angle of the present invention is 70 °, blade angle adjustment range is-4 ° to+4 °, runner blade simultaneously in running and stator keep synergy, thus improve generating efficiency, particularly when head luffing and changes in flow rate large all steadily can generate electricity and keep higher generating efficiency.Four be the present invention when head is lower, as still can normal power generation when head is 2 meters, greatly breach the limiting value of prior art power generation conditions.The present invention is widely used in the shaft tubular formula water turbine of various low water head tidal power station.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of plan view being provided with the bilateral stator tubular turbine structure of oval water flow passage that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 2 is a kind of front view being provided with the bilateral stator tubular turbine structure of oval water flow passage that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 3 is the layout schematic diagram of the forward movable guide vane that proposes of the present invention and reverse activity stator.
Fig. 4 is the forward movable guide vane form structure schematic diagram that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 5 is the reverse activity stator form structure schematic diagram that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the guide vane opening regulation range that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 7 is the oval water inlet flow channel schematic diagram of forward that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 8 is the reverse oval water inlet flow channel schematic diagram that the present invention proposes.
Description of reference numerals: forward water inlet flow channel 1, vertical shaft 2, generator 3, speed increaser 4, supporting frame 5, forward movable guide vane 6, two-way generating runner 7, reverse activity stator 8, oppositely water inlet flow channel 9, stator tapered narrow end 10, the wide end 11 of stator taper, stator rotary centerline 12, stator full-gear 13, stator full off state 14, forward elliptic cross-section 15, forward circular cross-section 16, oppositely elliptic cross-section 17, oppositely circular cross-section 18; Angle between stator rotary centerline 12 and unit rotary centerline 19 is θ, stator angle of taper is α.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of bilateral stator tubular turbine being provided with oval runner that the present invention proposes, it comprises forward water inlet flow channel 1, vertical shaft 2, supporting frame 5, forward movable guide vane 6, two-way generating runner 7, reverse activity stator 8, oppositely water inlet flow channel 9, generator 3 and speed increaser 4, and described generator 3 is connected by speed increaser 4 with two-way generating runner 7; Generator 3 and speed increaser 4 are placed in vertical shaft 2; Forward movable guide vane 6 is arranged between forward water inlet flow channel 1 and two-way generating runner 7; This reverse activity stator 8 is arranged between two-way generating runner 7 and reverse water inlet flow channel 9, reverse activity stator 8 is equal with forward movable guide vane 6 quantity and be uniformly distributed circumferentially setting respectively, wherein: described forward water inlet flow channel 1 is forward elliptic cross-section 15, and the minor axis of this forward elliptic cross-section 15 is golden section with the ratio of major axis; From the oval minor axis in water inlet cross section before forward water inlet cross section to forward movable guide vane 6 sections and the ratio linear increment of major axis, the minor axis in the water inlet cross section before entering forward stator 6 sections changes 1 into the ratio of major axis, is namely changed to positive to circular cross-section 16 by forward elliptic cross-section 15; Described reverse water inlet flow channel 9 is reverse elliptic cross-section 17, and the minor axis of this reverse elliptic cross-section 17 is golden section with the ratio of major axis; From the ellipse short shaft in water inlet cross section before the cross section to reverse activity stator 8 sections that oppositely intakes and the ratio linear increment of major axis, the minor axis in the water inlet cross section before entering reverse stator 8 sections changes 1 into the ratio of major axis, namely changes reverse circular cross-section 18 into by reverse elliptic cross-section 17; The cross section of described vertical shaft 2 is streamlined.
Composition graphs 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the longitudinal cross-section of forward movable guide vane 6 of the present invention and reverse activity stator 8 is streamline taper, and this angle of taper α is 22 ° ~ 24 °, is arranged in the both sides of two-way generating runner 7 symmetrically; Stator two ends are spheric structure, and inner ball surface is connected with stator tapered narrow end, and outer spherical surface is connected with the wide end of stator taper; Angle theta between the stator rotary centerline 12 that described forward movable guide vane 6 and reverse activity stator 8 are arranged and unit rotary centerline 19 is 80 °, and the Sealing Surface that forward movable guide vane 6 and reverse activity stator 8 are formed and unit rotary centerline 19 are in unsettled cross-distribution; The quantity of described forward movable guide vane 6 and reverse activity stator 8 is 10,12 or 14.
Composition graphs 6, forward movable guide vane 6 of the present invention and reverse activity stator 8 pairs of water flows and water (flow) direction control; When forward generates electricity, reverse activity stator 8 angle is for keeping full-gear; During reverse power generation, forward movable guide vane 6 angle is for keeping full-gear, and forward movable guide vane 6 or reverse activity stator 8 are 88 ° from the angle of stator full-gear 13 to stator full off state 14, and the inflow-rate of water turbine of its oblique water distributor is large, then energy conversion efficiency is high.
Composition graphs 7, forward water inlet flow channel 1 of the present invention is forward elliptic cross-section 15, and the minor axis of this forward elliptic cross-section 15 is golden section with the ratio of major axis; From the oval minor axis in water inlet cross section before forward water inlet cross section to forward movable guide vane 6 sections and the ratio linear increment of major axis, the minor axis in the water inlet cross section before entering forward stator 6 sections changes 1 into the ratio of major axis, namely becomes forward circular cross-section 16 from forward elliptic cross-section 15.
Composition graphs 8, reverse water inlet flow channel 9 of the present invention is reverse elliptic cross-section 17, and the minor axis of this reverse elliptic cross-section 17 is golden section with the ratio of major axis; From the ellipse short shaft in water inlet cross section before the cross section to reverse activity stator 8 sections that oppositely intakes and the ratio linear increment of major axis, the minor axis in the water inlet cross section before entering reverse stator 8 sections changes 1 into the ratio of major axis, namely changes reverse circular cross-section 18 into by reverse elliptic cross-section 17.
Specific embodiment of the invention process is: be arranged in by generator 3 in the vertical shaft 2 of the upstream of water turbine, and the section of vertical shaft 2 is streamlined; When forward generates electricity, current enter forward water inlet flow channel 1, walk around vertical shaft 2, converge at forward movable guide vane 6 place of tubular turbine and enter the runner envelope of tubular turbine, water impact two-way generating runner 7 blade, drive tubular turbine output shaft to rotate by two-way generating runner 7 blade switching energy, now reverse activity stator 8 is full-gear, current, by reverse activity stator 8, flow out through reverse water inlet flow channel 9; When reverse power generation, current are flowed into by reverse water inlet flow channel 9, current enter the runner envelope of tubular turbine by reverse activity stator 8, water impact two-way generating runner 7 blade, rotated by two-way generating runner 7 blade switching energy band water turbine output shaft, now forward movable guide vane 6 is full-gear, and current are by forward movable guide vane 6, walk around vertical shaft 2, flow out through forward water inlet flow channel 1.
The explanation do not related in the specific embodiment of the present invention belongs to technology well known in the art, can be implemented with reference to known technology.
The present invention, through validation trial, achieves satisfied effect.