CN103953491B - A kind of hydrodynamic(al) cooling tower directly drives radial water turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial water turbine <b>, </b> relates to the technical field of water turbines, in particular to a hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial water turbine. The invention includes a volute, a seat ring installed on the volute with guide vanes inside, a runner and a straight tapered draft tube, a water outlet of the volute and a water inlet of the guide vane, a water outlet of the guide vane and a water inlet of the runner, a rotor The water outlet of the wheel and the water inlet of the draft pipe (8) are connected in sequence, the lower end of the shaft is connected with the bearing seat, the runner and the discharge cone in turn, and the upper end of the shaft is connected with the cooling fan. The specific speed of the turbine is less than 60m.kW Low specific speed turbines. The invention realizes the purposes of a cooling tower water turbine with simple structure, convenient processing, low manufacturing cost, high output and high efficiency, suitable for large-scale popularization, high efficiency and energy saving.

Description

A kind of hydraulic cooling tower direct drive radial flow turbine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of water turbines, in particular to a hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial flow water turbine.

Background technique

A water turbine is a hydraulic prime mover that converts water energy into rotational mechanical energy. Due to the safety margin required for the water pressure of the industrial cooling tower circulation pipeline and the conservative selection of the water pump model, the water energy in the cooling tower circulating water system often has a surplus, which becomes surplus energy. The water turbine of the cooling tower converts the remaining energy into the mechanical energy of rotating around the axis, thereby driving the fan to rotate, replacing the motor of the fan's driving equipment.

Due to the limitation of the working environment of the cooling tower, the cooling tower turbine has its particularity compared with the power generation turbine, so the research on this kind of turbine has very important significance. In order to improve the working efficiency of the water turbine, one of the more important issues is to solve the problems that the size of the water turbine should adapt to the limited installation space of the cooling tower, and match the power and speed of the fan.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling tower turbine with simple structure, convenient processing, low manufacturing cost, high output and high efficiency, suitable for large-scale promotion, and a high-efficiency and energy-saving hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial water turbine.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A hydraulic cooling tower direct drive radial water turbine of the present invention comprises a volute, a seat ring installed on the volute with guide vanes inside, a runner, a straight tapered draft tube, a volute outlet and guide vanes The water inlet, the guide vane outlet and the water inlet of the runner, the runner outlet and the 8 inlets of the draft pipe are connected in sequence, the lower end of the shaft is connected with the bearing seat, the runner and the discharge cone in turn, and the upper end of the shaft is connected with the cooling fan , the water turbine is a low specific speed water turbine with a specific speed less than 60m.kW.

The unit speed of the runner of the present invention is a constant, between 37 and 57, n is the rated speed of the fan, H is the pressure difference between the water inlet and outlet of the water turbine, D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner; The ratio of h2 to D1 is 0.218-0.228, and the ratio of D2 to D1 is 0.501-0.511. The runner includes an upper crown, a lower ring, and 13 curved blades clamped between the upper crown and the lower ring. The upper crown It is a curved surface, and its generatrices are three arcs of unequal curvature, and the ratios of curvature radii R1, R2, R3 to D1 are 1.104～1.108, 0.225～0.229, 0.232～0.236 respectively; the lower ring is a curved surface, and its generatrix is Two arcs with unequal curvature, the ratios of curvature radii R4, R5 and D1 are 0.385-0.389, 0.194-0.198 respectively, the curved blade is spoon-shaped, and the curvature is determined by the blade inlet placement angle β1 and outlet placement angle β2 , the difference between β1 and β2 is Between, the inlet placement angle β1 is 106°～110°, the outlet placement angle β2 is between -42°～-49°, and the thickness of the curved blades is equal;

Among them, h1 is the height of the water inlet of the runner, D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner, h2 is the height of the runner channel, and D2 is the diameter of the water outlet of the runner.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

A hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial water turbine of the present invention, through reasonable design matching, only needs to know the rated speed n of the cooling fan, and then determine it according to the use environment , the value of the water inlet diameter D1 of the runner can be obtained from the pressure difference H between the inlet and outlet, and then the optimal size of each part of the turbine can be determined according to the value of the water inlet diameter D1 of the runner to obtain the value that meets the rated speed and output requirements Water turbine, the present invention aims at the characteristics of the cooling tower water turbine, and according to the relationship between the water inlet diameter D1 of the runner and the cooling fan speed, it provides a quick way to rationally design the water turbine.

A hydrodynamic cooling tower direct-drive radial water turbine of the present invention adopts 13 runners with long equal-thickness curved blades, has a simple structure, is very convenient from manufacturing to installation, the overall size of the water turbine is small, and the efficiency of the design working condition can be maintained When it is above 87%, the efficiency of the optimal working condition can reach 91%, which fully achieves the purpose of high efficiency and energy saving.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional dimension diagram of the volute of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the runner of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the seat ring of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is three views of the guide vane of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the water discharge cone of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6 .

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

As shown in Figures 1-4, a hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial flow turbine of the present invention includes a volute 1, an upper and lower seat ring 3 with a single row of annular symmetrical guide vanes 2 arranged inside the volute, The runner 7 and the straight tapered draft tube 8, the outlet of the volute 1 and the inlet of the guide vane 2, the outlet of the guide vane 2 and the inlet of the runner 7, the outlet of the runner 7 and the inlet of the draft tube 8 are connected in sequence , the lower end of the shaft 10 is connected downwards with the bearing housing 9, the runner 7 and the water discharge cone 11 in sequence, and the upper end of the shaft 10 is connected with a cooling fan. The runner of the water turbine is a runner with a low specific speed, and the specific speed is less than 60m.kW. Rotor 7 unit speed is a constant, and its range is between 37 and 57, n is the rated speed of the fan, H is the pressure difference between the water inlet and outlet of the turbine, and D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner 7.

The guide vane 2 is installed between the seat rings 3 through a pin shaft or welding method, and the pin shaft is perpendicular to the water flow direction. The guide vane 2 plays the role of support and flow guide, the number is 13 to 16, the guide vane height b is the water inlet edge height h1; the curved vane 6 is welded between the upper crown 4 and the lower ring 5; the discharge cone 11 passes through The threaded connection is fixed on the rotating shaft and supports the runner 7 .

After the rated speed n of the fan and the pressure difference H between the inlet and outlet of the turbine are determined, the diameter D1 of the water inlet of the runner can be uniquely determined, thereby determining the size of each part of the entire turbine. The dimensional relationship is as follows: as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the unit rotational speed of runner 7 of the present invention is a constant, between 37 and 57, n is the rated speed of the fan, H is the pressure difference between the water inlet and outlet of the water turbine, and D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner; 0.105, the ratio of h2 to D1 is 0.215-0.225, the ratio of D2 to D1 is 0.505-0.515, the runner 7 includes the upper crown 4, the lower ring 5, and 13 pieces clamped between the upper crown 4 and the lower ring 5 The curved blade 6, the upper crown 4 is a curved surface, the generatrix of which is three sections of arcs of curvature, and the ratios of the radii of curvature R1, R2, R3 to D1 are 1.104-1.108, 0.225-0.229, 0.232-0.236 respectively; The lower ring 5 is a curved surface, the generatrix of which is two arcs of unequal curvature, the ratios of the radii of curvature R4, R5 and D1 are 0.385-0.389, 0.194-0.198 respectively, and the curved blade 6 is spoon-shaped, and the degree of curvature is determined by The blade inlet placement angle β1 is determined by the outlet placement angle β2, the difference between β1 and β2 is between 148° and 159°, the inlet placement angle β1 is 106° to 110°, and the exit placement angle β2 is -42° to - Between 49°, the thickness of the curved blades 6 is equal;

Where h1 is the height of the water inlet of the runner 7, D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner 7, h2 is the height of the flow channel of the runner, and D2 is the diameter of the water outlet of the runner 7.

As shown in Figure 4, the seat ring 3 of the present invention includes an upper seat ring and a lower seat ring arranged in parallel, the outer edges of the upper seat ring and the lower seat ring are semi-rounded, and the ratio of the fillet radius R6 of the upper seat ring to D1 is 0.015-0.019 , the ratio of the fillet radius R7 of the lower seat ring to D1 is 0.009-0.013, the ratio of the thickness h4 of the upper seat ring to D1 is 0.028-0.043, the ratio of the thickness h6 of the lower seat ring to D1 is 0.018-0.033, and the inner circle of the seat ring 3 The ratio of the diameter L3 to D1 is 1.037-1.047, the ratio of the outer diameter L2 of the upper seat ring to D1 is 1.328-1.338, and the ratio of the outer diameter L4 of the lower seat ring to D1 is 1.314-1.324; The number of leaves 2 is 13 to 16. The head of the guide vane is smoothly connected to the water surface and the back water surface. The height b of the guide vane is the height h1 of the water inlet of the runner 7. The ratios of the circle diameters D4 to D1 are 1.065-1.071 and 1.234-1.240 respectively; wherein D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner 7 .

As shown in Fig. 1, the ratio of the height h3 of the straight tapered draft tube 8 of the present invention to the diameter D1 of the water inlet of the runner is 0.25-0.75, and the diffusion angle is 15°-30°.

As shown in Figure 2, the volute 1 of the present invention is an elliptical volute, the ratio of the major axis a to the minor axis b of the elliptical section, and the ratio of a' to b' are all 1.10 to 1.35, and the left and right dimension L1 of the volute 1 is in relation to The ratio of D1 is 2.05-2.20, wherein D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner 7 .

As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the water discharge cone 11 of the present invention is a straight cone type, the ratio of the height h7 to D1 of the water discharge cone 11 is 0.05 to 0.11, the ratio of the width L6 to D1 is 0.115 to 0.125, and the diameter of the upper circular platform R8 and The ratio of D1 is 0.125-0.135, the ratio of the diameter L5 of the lower end of the circular platform to D1 is 0.043-0.053, wherein D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner 7 .

A hydraulic cooling tower direct drive radial water turbine of the present invention, when working, the cooling water enters the flow path formed by the guide vane 2 from the inlet pipe through the volute 1 at a certain pressure and flow rate, and is guided by the guide vane 2 A certain amount of rotating ring enters the runner 7 and pushes the runner 7 to rotate. The pressure energy and kinetic energy of the water flow are transmitted to the runner 7, so that it has rotational mechanical energy and obtains output power to drive the fan to dissipate heat.

Claims (6)

1. A hydrodynamic cooling tower direct-drive radial water turbine is characterized in that comprising a volute (1), being installed on the volute (1) and being arranged with a seat ring (3) with guide vanes (2) inside, a runner ( 7) and straight tapered draft tube (8), volute (1) water outlet and guide vane (2) water inlet, guide vane (2) water outlet and runner (7) water inlet, runner (7) outlet The water inlet and the water inlet of the draft pipe (8) are connected in sequence, the lower end of the shaft (10) is connected with the bearing seat (9), the runner (7) and the water discharge cone (11) in turn, and the upper end of the shaft (10) is connected with the cooling Fan, the water turbine is a low specific speed water turbine with a specific speed less than 60m.kW; the unit speed of the runner (7) is is a constant, located between 37 and 57, n is the rated speed of the fan, H is the pressure difference between the water inlet and outlet of the water turbine, and D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner; 0.095～0.105, the ratio of h2 to D1 is 0.218～0.228, the ratio of D2 to D1 is 0.501～0.511, the runner (7) includes the upper crown (4), the lower ring (5), clamped on the upper crown (4 ) and 11 to 15 curved blades (6) between the lower ring (5), the upper crown (4) is a curved surface, and its generatrix is three sections of unequal curvature arcs, and the radii of curvature R1, R2, R3 and The ratios of D1 are respectively 1.104～1.108, 0.225～0.229, 0.232～0.236; the lower ring (5) is a curved surface, the generatrix of which is two sections of unequal curvature arcs, and the ratios of the radii of curvature R4, R5 and D1 are respectively 0.385～0.389, 0.194～0.198, the curved blade (6) is spoon-shaped, and the curvature is determined by the blade inlet placement angle β1 and outlet placement angle β2, and the difference between β1 and β2 is between 148° and 159°. The inlet placement angle β1 is 106°～110°, the outlet placement angle β2 is between -42°～-49°, and the thickness of the curved blades (6) is equal; where h1 is the water inlet height of the runner (7), D1 is The water inlet diameter of the runner (7), h2 is the runner high, and D2 is the water outlet diameter of the runner (7). 2. The hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide vanes (2) are symmetrical guide vanes arranged in a single row in a ring. 3. The hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the above-mentioned seat ring (3) comprises an upper seat ring and a lower seat ring arranged in parallel, and the outer edges of the upper seat ring and the lower seat ring are Semi-rounded corners, the ratio of the fillet radius R6 to D1 of the upper seat ring is 0.015 to 0.019, the ratio of the fillet radius R7 to D1 of the lower seat ring is 0.009 to 0.013, the ratio of the thickness h4 to D1 of the upper seat ring is 0.028 to 0.043, and the lower seat ring The ratio of thickness h6 to D1 is 0.018 to 0.033, the ratio of inner diameter L3 to D1 of seat ring (3) is 1.037 to 1.047, the ratio of outer diameter L2 to D1 of the upper seat ring is 1.328 to 1.338, and the outer diameter of the lower seat ring is The ratio of the circle diameter L4 to D1 is 1.314 to 1.324; the number of guide vanes (2) in the seat ring (3) is 13 to 16, and the head of the guide vanes is smoothly connected to the water facing surface and the back water surface, and the guide vane height b is The water inlet of the runner (7) is high h1, and the guide vanes adopt symmetrical guide vanes. The ratios of the inner diameter D3, the outer diameter D4 and D1 are respectively 1.065-1.071, 1.234-1.240; wherein D1 is the runner (7) inlet diameter. 4. The hydraulic cooling tower direct drive radial flow turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the height h3 of the above-mentioned straight tapered draft tube (8) to the diameter D1 of the runner water inlet is 0.25 to 0.75, and the diffusion angle It is 15°～30°. 5. The hydraulic cooling tower direct-drive radial turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the volute (1) is an elliptical volute, and the ratio between the major axis of the elliptical section and the minor axis of the elliptical section is 1.10 to 1.35 , the ratio of the left and right dimension L1 of the volute (1) to D1 is 2.05-2.20, wherein D1 is the water inlet diameter of the runner (7). 6. A hydraulic cooling tower direct drive radial flow turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the above-mentioned discharge cone (11) is a straight cone type, and the ratio of the height h7 of the discharge cone (11) to D1 is 0.05～ 0.11, the ratio of width L6 to D1 is 0.115～0.125, the ratio of the diameter R8 of the upper end circular platform to D1 is 0.125～0.135, and the ratio of the diameter L5 of the lower end circular platform to D1 is 0.043～0.053, wherein D1 is the diameter of the water inlet of the runner (7).