CN111574211A - 一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111574211A
CN111574211A CN202010426964.8A CN202010426964A CN111574211A CN 111574211 A CN111574211 A CN 111574211A CN 202010426964 A CN202010426964 A CN 202010426964A CN 111574211 A CN111574211 A CN 111574211A
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CN111574211B (zh
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陈仁海
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Fujian Province Dehua County China White Ceramics Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品及其制备方法，所述白陶瓷制品包括坯体和施于所述坯体表面的釉料，所述坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土20‑40份、钾长石15‑30份、石英15‑25份、高透硅微粉8‑15份、堇青石4‑10份、氧化锆1‑5份和氧化钇1‑3份；所述釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石10‑20份、钾长石5‑20份、尖晶石3‑8份、熔融石英5‑10份、烧滑石3‑5份、气相二氧化硅2‑6份、高温低膨胀熔块4‑8份、云母赤铁矿4‑8份和钛白粉1‑5份。本发明的白陶瓷制品配方合理，在受热过程中釉料不易崩裂和脱落，可制成用于明火的白瓷炊具、茶具等，安全可靠，使用寿命久。

Description

一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于日用陶瓷制品技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品及其制备方法。
背景技术
中国瓷器历史悠久，品种繁多，除了高贵典雅的青花和色彩艳丽的彩瓷外，素雅的白瓷也是人们喜爱的一个品种，虽然看上去没有斑斓的花纹和艳丽的色彩，但在朴实无华中，它展示给人们的是那自然天成的美。古代白瓷的制作，并不是在釉料中加进白色呈色剂，而是选择含铁量较少的瓷土和釉料加工精制，使含铁量降低到最少的程度。这样在洁白的瓷胎上施以纯净的透明釉，就能烧制白度很高的白瓷。
颇负盛名的明代德化白瓷色泽光润明亮，乳白如凝脂，在光照之下，釉中隐现粉红或乳白，因此有“猪油白”、“象牙白”、“少女白”之称。现有的白瓷大多应用于瓷观音等瓷雕艺术瓷和花瓶、香炉等陈设瓷，由于其质地软、釉面肥厚、耐热性差，不能在明火上使用，在加热后遇水容易炸裂，因此限制了白瓷的推广应用。
为解决上述问题，申请公开号为CN108530022A的中国发明专利申请公开了一种明火可用的羊脂玉白瓷及其制备方法，其通过在坯料和釉料中加入了大量的锂辉石作为耐热原料，但是锂辉石的大量使用会影响白瓷的发色效果，也会导致成本增加。申请公开号为CN109437834A的中国发明专利申请公开了一种无釉耐热白玉瓷及其制备方法，其由于通体无釉从而彻底解决了釉料崩裂或开片等问题，但是无釉的白瓷制品使用久了难免有吸色现象，外表不再美观。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品及其制备方法。
本发明提供一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品，包括坯体和施于所述坯体表面的釉料，所述坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土20-40份、钾长石15-30份、石英15-25份、高透硅微粉8-15份、堇青石4-10份、氧化锆1-5份和氧化钇1-3份；
所述釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石10-20份、钾长石5-20份、尖晶石3-8份、熔融石英5-10份、烧滑石3-5份、气相二氧化硅2-6份、高温低膨胀熔块4-8份、云母赤铁矿4-8份和钛白粉1-5份。
进一步地，所述坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土30-40份、钾长石20-25份、石英15-20份、高透硅微粉8-10份、堇青石4-7份、氧化锆1-3份和氧化钇1-2份。
进一步地，所述釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石10-15份、钾长石15-20份、尖晶石5-8份、熔融石英7-10份、烧滑石3-5份、气相二氧化硅2-4份、高温低膨胀熔块4-6份、云母赤铁矿4-6份和钛白粉1-3份。
进一步地，所述釉料中，透锂长石、钾长石、熔融石英和高温低膨胀熔块的粒径均为100-200目，尖晶石、烧滑石、云母赤铁矿和钛白粉的粒径均为300-400目，气相二氧化硅的粒径为10-50nm。
进一步地，所述高温低膨胀熔块为MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系。
本发明还提供上述白陶瓷制品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）配料：按照配比将所述坯体的各组分混合均匀；
（2）制坯：采用模制或捏塑制得成型坯胎，阴置晾干；
（3）烧坯：将成型坯胎放入窑内，在800~950℃下素烧；
（4）上釉：将所述釉料的各组分混合均匀，加水得到含水率为50-56%的釉料浆，然后施于烧好的坯体上；
（5）烧釉：将上完釉的素胎再次入窑，升温至1250~1350℃，烧制10~20小时，再降温至250℃保温1~2小时。
进一步地，步骤（1）中先采用机械搅拌进行混合，再用三辊机进行分散均匀。
进一步地，步骤（4）中上釉时控制釉面厚度为0.3-1mm。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的白陶瓷制品配方合理，坯体及釉料耐高温且膨胀系数低，而且坯釉适应性很好，使得白陶瓷制品在受热过程中釉料不易崩裂和脱落，故可制成用于明火的白瓷炊具、茶具等，安全可靠，使用寿命久，拓宽了白瓷的应用范围。本发明制备方法简单，重复性好，适合规模化生产并得到质量可控的产品。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者，按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件，或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可通过正规渠道商购买得到的常规产品。
以下实施例中，部分原料细度控制如下：透锂长石、钾长石、熔融石英和高温低膨胀熔块（MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系）的粒径均为180目，尖晶石、烧滑石、云母赤铁矿和钛白粉的粒径均为300目，气相二氧化硅的粒径为10-50nm。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品，其中坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土20份、钾长石30份、石英15份、高透硅微粉15份、堇青石4份、氧化锆5份和氧化钇3份；
釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石10份、钾长石20份、尖晶石8份、熔融石英5份、烧滑石3份、气相二氧化硅2份、高温低膨胀熔块4份、云母赤铁矿4份和钛白粉2份。
本实施例还提供上述白陶瓷制品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）配料：按照配比将坯体的各组分混合均匀，先采用机械搅拌进行混合，再用三辊机进行分散均匀；
（2）制坯：采用模制或捏塑制得成型坯胎，阴置晾干；
（3）烧坯：将成型坯胎放入窑内，在950℃下素烧；
（4）上釉：按照配比将釉料的各组分混合均匀，加水得到含水率为50%的釉料浆，然后施于烧好的坯体上，控制釉面厚度为0.3-1mm；
（5）烧釉：将上完釉的素胎再次入窑，升温至1250℃，烧制20小时，再降温至250℃保温1小时，最后降至室温即得所述白陶瓷制品。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品，其中坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土40份、钾长石15份、石英15份、高透硅微粉8份、堇青石10份、氧化锆2份和氧化钇1份；
釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石20份、钾长石5份、尖晶石8份、熔融石英10份、烧滑石5份、气相二氧化硅6份、高温低膨胀熔块8份、云母赤铁矿8份和钛白粉5份。
本实施例还提供上述白陶瓷制品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）配料：按照配比将坯体的各组分混合均匀，先采用机械搅拌进行混合，再用三辊机进行分散均匀；
（2）制坯：采用模制或捏塑制得成型坯胎，阴置晾干；
（3）烧坯：将成型坯胎放入窑内，在900℃下素烧；
（4）上釉：按照配比将釉料的各组分混合均匀，加水得到含水率为54%的釉料浆，然后施于烧好的坯体上，控制釉面厚度为0.3-1mm；
（5）烧釉：将上完釉的素胎再次入窑，升温至1350℃，烧制10小时，再降温至250℃保温1小时，最后降至室温即得所述白陶瓷制品。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品，其中坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土30份、钾长石20份、石英20份、高透硅微粉10份、堇青石7份、氧化锆3份和氧化钇2份；
釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石15份、钾长石15份、尖晶石5份、熔融石英7份、烧滑石4份、气相二氧化硅4份、高温低膨胀熔块6份、云母赤铁矿6份和钛白粉3份。
本实施例还提供上述白陶瓷制品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）配料：按照配比将坯体的各组分混合均匀，先采用机械搅拌进行混合，再用三辊机进行分散均匀；
（2）制坯：采用模制或捏塑制得成型坯胎，阴置晾干；
（3）烧坯：将成型坯胎放入窑内，在950℃下素烧；
（4）上釉：按照配比将釉料的各组分混合均匀，加水得到含水率为56%的釉料浆，然后施于烧好的坯体上，控制釉面厚度为0.3-1mm；
（5）烧釉：将上完釉的素胎再次入窑，升温至1300℃，烧制15小时，再降温至250℃保温2小时，最后降至室温即得所述白陶瓷制品。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种白陶瓷制品，其与实施例3的区别在于，釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石15份、钾长石21份、尖晶石5份、熔融石英7份、烧滑石8份、高温低膨胀熔块6份和钛白粉3份。
对比例2
本对比例提供一种白陶瓷制品，其与实施例3的区别在于，坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土35份、钾长石30份、石英25份、氧化镁1份、二氧化钛1份、二氧化锆1份和氧化钇0.5份。
性能测试
将实施例1-3和对比例1-2所得白陶瓷制品进行性能检测，结果如表1所示。
其中，线膨胀系数采用顶杆式间接法进行测量，安全无毒性通过浸出实验判定（包括以去离子水为浸取剂的水平震荡法和以pH为2.88的0.1 mol·L-1醋酸溶液为浸取剂的TCLP浸出方法）。
表1 白陶瓷制品的性能检测结果
Figure 521099DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
注：表中坯釉适应性主要从坯体和釉面的结合性及由于坯釉适应性差导致的釉面缺陷（开裂、橘釉、缩釉）来概括，有上述一种缺陷为良，两种或两种以上为中。
由上表可知，本发明实施例得到的白陶瓷制品耐高温，膨胀系数低，而且坯釉适应性好，可用于明火。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种可用于明火的白陶瓷制品，其特征在于，包括坯体和施于所述坯体表面的釉料，所述坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土20-40份、钾长石15-30份、石英15-25份、高透硅微粉8-15份、堇青石4-10份、氧化锆1-5份和氧化钇1-3份；
所述釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石10-20份、钾长石5-20份、尖晶石3-8份、熔融石英5-10份、烧滑石3-5份、气相二氧化硅2-6份、高温低膨胀熔块4-8份、云母赤铁矿4-8份和钛白粉1-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的白陶瓷制品，其特征在于，所述坯体包括以下重量份的组分：高岭土30-40份、钾长石20-25份、石英15-20份、高透硅微粉8-10份、堇青石4-7份、氧化锆1-3份和氧化钇1-2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的白陶瓷制品，其特征在于，所述釉料包括以下重量份的组分：透锂长石10-15份、钾长石15-20份、尖晶石5-8份、熔融石英7-10份、烧滑石3-5份、气相二氧化硅2-4份、高温低膨胀熔块4-6份、云母赤铁矿4-6份和钛白粉1-3份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的白陶瓷制品，其特征在于，所述釉料中，透锂长石、钾长石、熔融石英和高温低膨胀熔块的粒径均为100-200目，尖晶石、烧滑石、云母赤铁矿和钛白粉的粒径均为300-400目，气相二氧化硅的粒径为10-50nm。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的白陶瓷制品，其特征在于，所述高温低膨胀熔块为MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的白陶瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）配料：按照配比将所述坯体的各组分混合均匀；
（2）制坯：采用模制或捏塑制得成型坯胎，阴置晾干；
（3）烧坯：将成型坯胎放入窑内，在800~950℃下素烧；
（4）上釉：将所述釉料的各组分混合均匀，加水得到含水率为50%-56%的釉料浆，然后施于烧好的坯体上；
（5）烧釉：将上完釉的素胎再次入窑，升温至1250~1350℃，烧制10~20小时，再降温至250℃保温1~2小时。
7.根据权利要求6所述白陶瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）中先采用机械搅拌进行混合，再用三辊机进行分散均匀。
8.根据权利要求6所述白陶瓷制品的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（4）中上釉时控制釉面厚度为0.3-1mm。
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