CN111567802A - 一种含有花青素的复合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种含有花青素的复合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及食品技术领域，具体涉及一种含有花青素的复合物及其制备方法，所述复合物包括功效成分和辅料，所述功效成分包括以下重量份数的原料：花青素1‑100份、白藜芦醇3‑10份、低聚半乳糖20‑30份、酸角提取物40‑60份、副干酪乳杆菌30‑80份。本发明还提供了了该复合物的制备方法。本发明提供的复合物将传统护眼营养素‑花青素和白藜芦醇、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物、副干酪乳杆菌结合在一起，可以有效解决适从性问题，增强食欲达到预防或治疗患者龋齿的保健效果，并有调节肠道菌群的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域，具体涉及一种含有花青素的复合物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
花青素(anthocyan)，又称花色素，是自然界一类广泛存在于植物中的水溶性天然色素，是花色苷(anthocyanins)水解而得的有颜色的苷元。游离的花青素极少见，通常以糖苷形式形成花色苷，具有抗氧化、抗炎、保护视力、抗肿瘤等，其稳定性差异大，有些高度不稳定，可能受pH、温度、光度等影响，由于花青素生物利用度低，来源食物供应的毒性很小。目前花青素类产品在保健领域大多用于保护视力和抗氧化，而在龋齿预防和治疗方面少有报道。
龋齿俗称蛀牙，是各种年龄段的人群牙齿常见的一种慢性破坏疾病，是一种细菌性疾病。因此它可以继发牙髓炎和根尖周炎，甚至能引起牙槽骨和颌骨炎症，如不及时治疗，病变继续发展，形成龋洞，终至牙冠完全破坏消失。未经治疗的龋洞是不会自行愈合的，其发展的最终结果是牙齿丧失。龋齿最大的特点是发病率高，分布广，是口腔主要的常见病，也是人类最普遍的疾病之一，世界卫生组织已将其与癌肿和心血管疾病并列为人类三大重点防治疾病。龋齿与其他疾病不同，其中最明显的就是其一旦发生就会对牙齿造成不可逆的伤害，因此对于龋齿防重于治，将龋齿发生的可能性因素减少到最低，就可以在很大程度上预防龋齿的发生，降低龋齿的发病率。
目前对龋齿的防治主要是机械法清除牙齿表面的牙斑、通过药物法治疗如通过氟化物或酚类化合物治疗龋齿、饮食控制、引入益生菌法，但对于儿童来说，吃药或清洁护理对儿童的适从性比较低，这就对创新研发防治龋齿疾病且适从性好的产品提高了要求。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种适从性好的含有花青素的复合物把传统护眼营养素-花青素和白藜芦醇、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物、副干酪乳杆菌结合在一起，通过制备保健糖果有效解决适从性问题，增强食欲达到预防或治疗患者龋齿的保健效果。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种含有花青素的复合物，所述复合物包括功效成分和辅料，所述功效成分包括以下重量份数的原料：花青素1-100份；白藜芦醇3-10份、低聚半乳糖20-30份、酸角提取物40-60份、副干酪乳杆菌30-80份。
优选的，所述功效成分包括以下重量份数的原料：花青素1-70份；白藜芦醇3-8份、低聚半乳糖20-30份、酸角提取物30-50份、副干酪乳杆菌50-70份。
优选的，所述功效成分包括以下重量份数的原料：花青素50份；白藜芦醇6份、低聚半乳糖25份、酸角提取物50份、副干酪乳杆菌60份。
优选的，所述辅料为胶凝剂。
优选的，所述胶凝剂为明胶。
本发明另外一个目的在于提供一种含有花青素的复合物的制备方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、取越橘经4℃冷榨得越橘提取物后，加入60％乙醇提取分离，回收提取液后喷雾干燥得到花青素；
S2、取酸角果肉加水经4℃冷榨得到酸角提取物；
S3、称取低聚半乳糖、副干酪乳杆菌加水溶解后混入经S2步骤制得的酸角提取物，搅拌均匀后加入经S1步骤制得的花青素，搅拌溶解后得到混合液A；
S4、按配方称取辅料加水浸泡，加热搅拌溶解后，加入S3步骤所得A和白藜芦醇，搅拌均匀后灌注成型。
优选的，所述含有花青素的复合物在食品的应用。
优选的，所述含有花青素的复合物在预防或治疗患者龋齿中的应用。
其中，花青素作为抗氧化物质，白藜芦醇对多种真菌细菌有抑制作用，低聚半乳糖和酸角提取物作为矫味剂，副干酪乳杆菌作为预防龋齿功效成分，并促进营养物质的吸收，以及调节肠道菌群作用，增强免疫力，花青素和白藜芦醇对预防龋齿起到协同增效的作用，酸角提取物除了作为矫味剂以外，还可以抗氧化，抗微生物的作用。
本发明通过试验例1将所制备的凝胶糖果至于温度30℃，湿度65％，加速考察3、6个月及室温条件下放置24个月，考察稳定性和感官变化，结果表明同时含有花青素、白藜芦醇、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物和副干酪乳杆菌在加速3个月、6个月后以及室温放置24个月后气味未产生变化，而缺失花青素、白藜芦醇、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物和副干酪乳杆菌的复合物，以及同时缺失花青素、白藜芦醇的复合物在加速6个月和室温放置24个月后，有异味发生；同时其味道评分在加速6个月后明显高于缺失复合物中任一组分的糖果，表明同时含有花青素、白藜芦醇、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物和副干酪乳杆菌的复合物稳定性更好。
本发明还通过建立小鼠龋齿模型，灌胃本发明所得的复合物所得的凝胶糖果液体，记录摄食量，60天后，取其口腔洗净观察，并对小鼠大便进行细菌进行测定分析，结果显示同时含有花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物所得复合物的防龋齿率明显高于缺失花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物一种或两种所得复合物，表明本发明复合物具有防龋齿、增加食欲和调节肠道菌群的效果，其中当花青素和白藜芦醇重量份数为50:6时，其防龋齿、增加食欲和调节肠道菌群的效果表现最佳，表明花青素和白藜芦醇对防龋齿、增加食欲和调节肠道菌群有协同促进作用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：第一，本发明提供的复合物制得的产品稳定性提高；第二，本发明提供复合物制得糖果具有防龋齿、增加食欲和调节肠道菌群的效果；第三，发明提供复合物制得糖果不用添加食品矫味剂，减少食品添加剂的使用，适从性好。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式，对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下实施例。
实施例
实施例1-7提供了本发明含有花青素复合物，所述复合物按重量份数如表1的配方制备作为实施例。
表1本发明实施例1-7含有花青素复合物的配方
按配方称取各组分，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、取越橘经4℃冷榨得越橘提取物后，加入60％乙醇提取分离，回收提取液后喷雾干燥得到花青素；
S2、取酸角果肉加水经4℃冷榨得到酸角提取物；
S3、称取低聚半乳糖、副干酪乳杆菌加水溶解后混入经S2步骤制得的酸角提取物，搅拌均匀后加入经S1步骤制得的花青素，搅拌溶解后得到混合液A；
S4、按配方称取辅料加水浸泡，加热搅拌溶解后，加入S3步骤所得A和白藜芦醇，搅拌均匀后灌注成型。
对比例：
对比例1～8提供了本发明含有花青素的复合物，所述复合物按重量份数如表2的配方制备。
表2本发明对比例1～8复合物的配方
注：“-”表明未添加。
本对比例1-8除未加组分，其余组分、含量和制备方法均与实施例3相同。
试验例1效果评价
1.试验材料：实施例1-7和对比例1-8所制备的复合物。
2.试验方法：将实施例1-5和对比例1-7所制备的凝胶糖果至于温度30℃，湿度65％，加速考察3、6个月及室温条件下放置24个月，考察稳定性和感官变化。以0-10分评价味道。
3.感官评定结果
加速试验后，凝胶试验的结果如表3，结果显示，本发明由实施例1-7同时含有花青素、白藜芦醇、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物和副干酪乳杆菌的制备的软糖在加速3个月、6个月后以及室温放置24个月后气味未产生变化，而与对比例1-6中缺失花青素、白藜芦醇、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物和副干酪乳杆菌的复合物，以及同时缺失花青素、白藜芦醇的复合物制得的软糖在加速6个月和室温放置24个月后，有异味发生；同时本实施例1-7所制得的软糖的味道评分在加速6个月后明显高于对比例1-8所制得的糖果，且实施例3的气味和味道效果在加速3、6个月和室温放置24个月的效果表现最佳，表明同时含有花青素、白藜芦醇、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物和副干酪乳杆菌的复合物制备的软糖其稳定性更好。
表3加速试验的凝胶糖果的变化
试验例2动物试验
1、实验材料：7周龄昆明小鼠、致龋齿饲料、牙刷、放大镜
2、试验方法：取实施例1-7和对比例1-8所得的糖果，取7周龄小鼠，随机分为15组，每组15只，空白对照组，实施例1-7组，对比例1-8组。空白对照组给予致龋齿饲料，饮用水为普通自来水，实施例与对比例组，均给予致龋齿饲料，饮水分别为实施例3和对比例1-6所得的凝胶糖果加水溶解为液体，记录摄食量，60天后，取其口腔洗净观察，并对小鼠大便进行细菌进行测定分析。
3、试验结果
(1)防龋齿测试
牙齿出现牙釉质腐蚀或龋洞生成为阳性结果，测定结果如表4，结果表明，同时含有花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物所得复合物的防龋齿率明显高于缺失花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物一种或两种所得复合物，其中实施例3中花青素和白藜芦醇重量份数为50:6时所得复合物防龋齿率效果最佳，而对比例7和8中花青素和白藜芦醇重量份数高或低于50:6，防其龋齿率效果较差，表明花青素和白藜芦醇重量份数为50:6对防龋齿有协同促进作用。
表4防龋齿测试结果
| 组别 | 阳性数 | 阴性数 | 防龋齿率 |
| 空白组 | 0 | 15 | - |
| 模型组 | 15 | 0 | - |
| 实施例1 | 1 | 14 | 93.33％ |
| 实施例2 | 2 | 13 | 86.67％ |
| 实施例3 | 0 | 15 | 100.00％ |
| 实施例4 | 2 | 13 | 86.67％ |
| 实施例5 | 3 | 12 | 80.00％ |
| 实施例6 | 1 | 14 | 93.33％ |
| 实施例7 | 2 | 13 | 86.67％ |
| 对比例1 | 5 | 10 | 66.67％ |
| 对比例2 | 6 | 9 | 60.00％ |
| 对比例3 | 8 | 7 | 46.67％ |
| 对比例4 | 8 | 7 | 46.67％ |
| 对比例5 | 8 | 7 | 46.67％ |
| 对比例6 | 11 | 4 | 26.67％ |
| 对比例7 | 5 | 10 | 66.67％ |
| 对比例8 | 4 | 11 | 73.33％ |
(2)食欲效果测试
食欲效果通过测定摄食量来确定，测定结果如表5，结果表明，灌胃同时含有花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物所得复合物的小鼠食欲明显高于缺失花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物一种或两种所得复合物，其中实施例3小鼠的摄食量最高，表明同时添加花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物可以有效增加昆明小鼠的食欲。
表5小鼠摄食量变化
注：与模型组相比，*P＜0.05，**P＜0.05。
(3)肠道菌群效果测试
对小鼠大便进行细菌进行，测定肠道有益菌的比例分析结果如表6，结果表明，同时添加花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、酸角提取物、低聚半乳糖所得复合物的有益菌含量高于缺失花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、酸角提取物、低聚半乳糖一种或两种所得复合物制得的糖果，表明同时添加花青素、白藜芦醇、副干酪乳杆菌、低聚半乳糖、酸角提取物可以有效调节小鼠肠道菌群有益菌的含量，其中实施例3中花青素和白藜芦醇重量份数为50:6时，所得复合物调节肠道菌群有益菌效果最佳，而对比例7和8中，其重量份数高于或低于50:6，调节肠道菌群有益菌效果稍差，表明花青素和白藜芦醇对肠道菌群有益菌有协同调节作用。
表6有益菌含量变化
上述对比例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述对比例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。
Claims (8)
1.一种含有花青素的复合物，其特征在于，所述复合物包括功效成分和辅料，所述功效成分包括以下重量份数的原料：花青素1-100份、白藜芦醇3-10份、低聚半乳糖20-30份、酸角提取物40-60份、副干酪乳杆菌30-80份。
2.根据权利要求1所述含有花青素的复合物，其特征在于，所述功效成分包括以下重量份数的原料：花青素1-70份、白藜芦醇3-8份、低聚半乳糖20-30份、酸角提取物30-50份、副干酪乳杆菌50-70份。
3.根据权利要求1所述含有花青素的复合物，其特征在于，所述功效成分包括以下重量份数的原料：花青素50份、白藜芦醇6份、低聚半乳糖25份、酸角提取物50份、副干酪乳杆菌60份。
4.根据权利要求1所述含有花青素的复合物，其特征在于所述辅料为胶凝剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述含有花青素的复合物，其特征在于所述胶凝剂为明胶。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述含有花青素的复合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、取越橘经4℃冷榨得越橘提取物后，加入60％乙醇提取分离，回收提取液后喷雾干燥得到花青素；
S2、取酸角果肉加水经4℃冷榨得到酸角提取物；
S3、称取低聚半乳糖、副干酪乳杆菌加水溶解后混入经S2步骤制得的酸角提取物，搅拌均匀后加入经S1步骤制得的花青素，搅拌溶解后得到混合液A；
S4、按配方称取辅料加水浸泡，加热搅拌溶解后，加入S3步骤所得A和白藜芦醇，搅拌均匀后灌注成型。
7.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述含有花青素的复合物在食品的应用。
8.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述含有花青素的复合物在预防或治疗龋齿中的应用。
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