CN111549415B - 一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜 - Google Patents
一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜,包括袜口、袜体及袜头,所述袜口面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线60%,锦纶纱线30%,氨纶纱线10%;所述袜体面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线70%,锦纶纱线25%,氨纶纱线5%;所述袜头面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线70%,锦纶纱线20%,涤纶纱线5%,氨纶纱线5%。本发明具有阻燃、抗菌防臭、吸汗透气、舒适性好的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及袜子生产技术领域,特别涉及一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜。
背景技术
随着社会的发展,电子产品的普及和电动产品的增多,导致突发性小面积火灾的事故增多,生活中也会经常遇到包括烟头起火、电池爆炸起火、汽车自燃等。而我国对阻燃防护类产品的研发、制造及使用均较发达国家落后。近些年国内由于着火使受害者化纤衣物着火、熔融导致烧伤烫伤的事件层出不穷,因此,开发具有阻燃防火性能的纺织品非常必要。而袜子产品与消防产品不同,不仅要考虑防护性,还要考虑穿着的舒适性,如吸汗、透气、抑菌等。
芳纶纤维全称为"聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺",英文为Aramid fiber(杜邦公司的商品名为Kevlar),是一种新型高科技合成纤维,具有超高强度、高模量和耐高温、耐酸耐碱、重量轻等优良性能,其强度是钢丝的5~6倍,模量为钢丝或玻璃纤维的2~3倍,韧性是钢丝的2倍,而重量仅为钢丝的1/5左右,在560度的温度下,不分解,不融化。它具有良好的绝缘性和抗老化性能,具有很长的生命周期。芳纶主要分为两种,对位芳酰胺纤维(PPTA)和间位芳酰胺纤维(PMIA),自20世纪60年代由美国杜邦(DuPont)公司成功地开发出芳纶纤维并率先产业化后,在30多年的时间里,芳纶纤维走过了由军用战略物资向民用物资过渡的历程,价格也降低了将近一半。芳纶1313纤维其主要用于宇航,航空以及其他工业部门。其可应用于特种防护服、高温过滤材料、电气绝缘材料、蜂巢结构材料。此外,纯间位芳纶制成的芳纶纸具有高强度、低变形、耐高温、耐化学腐蚀、阻燃和优良的电绝缘性能,广泛应用于国防、航空航天、高速列车和电工绝缘等领域,是一种关系国家安全的高科技新材料。芳纶纸还广泛应用于影剧院、宾馆等公共场所的隔热阻燃材料,如背景幕、墙纸、聚光灯隔热材料、装饰材料等。
芳纶纤维虽然具有良好的耐热性及阻燃性,但价格比较昂贵。其次,由于分子结晶度高,分子间结合力强,造成染色困难。昂贵的价格及染色上的困难在某种程度上抑制了其产量及品种发展。于是,纷纷研究开发各种芳纶混纺阻燃织物来改善染色效果和降低产品价格。
(1)芳纶与羊毛混纺阻燃织物。羊毛是具有一定阻燃性质的天然纤维,将芳纶短纤先成条,然后与毛条混并成纱,再进行织造。当芳纶混纺比例超过30%时,其极限氧指数就达到28以上,织物无需阻燃整理即可达到好的、持久的阻燃性能,而且可以降低成本,不影响织物外观和舒适性。并可根据用途调整混纺比例,实现多功能化。
(2)芳纶与棉混纺阻燃织物。同样,为了降低成本和实现多功能需求,把芳纶与棉纤维进行一定比例的混纺制得阻燃织物。在对芳纶与棉纤维混纺研究中,芳纶与棉混纺比常为80/20、50/50、20/80,这3种混比织物的续然时间、阴燃时间、损毁长度洗涤前后均满足GB8965二级以上要求,极限氧指数LOI值也大于具有阻燃要求的28标准。随着芳纶含量的提高,LOI值也增加。其中80/20织物具有优良的耐热性、阻燃性,不需阻燃整理即可满足国家阻燃服要求;50/50和20/80混纺织物,需经Proban阻燃整理后才能达到阻燃标准要求。(3)芳纶与阻燃粘胶纤维混纺阻燃织物。阻燃粘胶是一种含硅酸盐的纤维毒纤维,其物理机械性能与普通粘胶纤维相类似,可加工成各种纺织品。芳纶与阻燃粘胶混纺织物具有柔软的手感,良好的蓬松性、悬垂性、吸湿透气性和较高的强力、耐磨性,良好的布面光洁度、色牢度及遇火炭化不融滴等优良特性,可满足高中档阻燃服装、装饰面料的质量要求。
(4)芳纶与苎麻混纺阻燃织物。采用芳纶纤维为芯纱,应用摩擦纺技术在其周围包覆苎麻纤维,得到苎麻/芳纶包芯纱。另外,就是选用经碱处理的苎麻纱与芳纶长丝并合,不用加捻得到复合纱。织成织物后再经适当阻燃处理即可达到一定的阻燃要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜,阻燃、抗菌防臭、吸汗透气、舒适性好。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜,包括袜口、袜体及袜头,所述袜口面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线60%,锦纶纱线30%,氨纶纱线10%;所述袜体面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线70%,锦纶纱线25%,氨纶纱线5%;所述袜头面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线70%,锦纶纱线20%,涤纶纱线5%,氨纶纱线5%。
作为优选,所述芳纶纱线的制备工序为:开松→清花→梳棉→并条→粗纱→细纱→一次蒸纱→络筒→并线→倍捻→二次蒸纱→成品纱。
作为优选,芳纶纤维开松后抗静电处理后再进入清花工序,所述抗静电处理为:向开松后的芳纶纤维喷洒浓度为2%的抗静电剂,芳纶纤维:抗静电剂的重量为10:1,混匀,堆料12小时以上,操作环境控制在湿度70-80%,温度≥24℃。
作为优选,所述并条工序包括:
一并:8根并1根,要求25克/米,牵伸倍数8.05,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率11%;二并:10根并一根,要求16克/5米,牵伸倍数10.1,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率10%;三并:8根并一根,要求15克/5米,牵伸倍数8.05,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率10%。
作为优选,所述一次蒸纱工序采用真空蒸纱锅,参数为:抽真空10分钟,60分钟升温到110℃,101-110℃保温60分钟。
作为优选,所述二次蒸纱工序采用真空蒸纱锅,参数为:抽真空10分钟,60分钟升温到105℃,100-105℃保温60分钟;放气10分钟,抽真空10分钟,50分钟升温到105℃,100-105℃保温60分钟。
作为优选,所述粗纱工序参数为:粗纱干定量:4克/10米,罗拉间距9.5mm*26.5mm*47.5mm,罗拉加压15daN/双锭,隔距块规格:8.5mm,锭速:500转/分钟,后区牵伸1.9倍。
作为优选,所述细纱工序参数为:后区牵伸倍数1.14,罗拉隔距19mm*43mm。
作为优选,所述芳纶纱线为经抗菌处理的芳纶纱线,所述抗菌处理为:将芳纶纱线浸没至50-60℃的抗菌处理液中,超声25-35min,取出芳纶纱线,烘干。
作为优选,所述抗菌处理液由0.5g琼脂,0.5g玉米淀粉,15-20g抗菌植物提取物,100mL水,加热至50-60℃混合均匀而得,所述抗菌植物提取物的制备方法为:将五倍子、佛手、苜蓿和马齿苋按照1:1:0.5:2-3的重量比例混合均匀,粗粉碎后,超微粉碎至300-500目,按照1g超微粉碎物加70-80mL75%的乙醇的比例,将超微粉碎物与乙醇混匀,50-60℃下旋涡震荡60min,离心,过滤,得抗菌植物提取物。将五倍子、佛手、苜蓿和马齿苋进行特定组合作为抗菌提取物的原料,提取的抗菌提取物具有良好的抗菌效果,且天然环保,马齿苋提取物还具有防皮肤过敏的作用。
本发明的袜子面料主要以芳纶纤维为原料,赋予产品良好地阻燃性能,袜口、袜体及袜头采用不同的纤维与芳纶纤维组合,兼顾良好地阻燃性和舒适性,吸汗透气,满足不同部位的需求,如袜头的耐磨。本发明在抗菌方面进行了创新改进,以天然的植物提取物为抗菌剂,抗菌剂天然环保,且抗菌效果好,抗菌剂溶于抗菌液后,抗菌液被芳纶纱线吸附,琼脂和淀粉干燥后形成多孔的凝胶吸附膜层,能将抗菌剂固定在芳纶纱线上,舒适、耐水洗。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明的袜子具有阻燃、抗菌防臭、吸汗透气、舒适性好的优点。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的具体说明。
本发明中,若非特指,所采用的原料和设备等均可从市场购得或是本领域常用的。下述实施例中的方法,如无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
实施例1:
一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜,包括袜口、袜体及袜头,所述袜口面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线60%,锦纶纱线30%,氨纶纱线10%;所述袜体面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线70%,锦纶纱线25%,氨纶纱线5%;所述袜头面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线70%,锦纶纱线20%,涤纶纱线5%,氨纶纱线5%。
所述芳纶纱线的制备工序为:开松→清花→梳棉→并条→粗纱→细纱→一次蒸纱→络筒→并线→倍捻→二次蒸纱→成品纱。
a、开松:芳纶纤维用开松机开松。芳纶纤维在纺纱过程中容易摩擦产生静电,从而出现纤维漂浮,飞花,棉网难以成条,缠绕罗拉锡林,纱线毛羽大等难题,为了提高纤维的可纺性,抗静电处理后再进入清花工序,所述抗静电处理为:向开松后的芳纶纤维喷洒浓度为2%的抗静电剂,芳纶纤维:抗静电剂的重量为10:1,混匀,松散平铺堆放,堆料12小时以上,操作环境控制在湿度70-80%,温度≥24℃。
b、清花。芳纶纤维模量高,强度大,功能性纤维强度低,为了减少纤维损伤,清花过程选择流程短,少喂,轻打,大隔距,轻定量的原则。清花工序参数:棉卷定重:11.5公斤/卷,棉卷定长32米,开棉手打转速480r/min。三翼梳针综合手打转速810r/min,开棉打手与给棉罗拉间隔12mm。
c、梳棉工序。梳棉是芳纶纺纱过程中最关键的工序,采用涤纶针布,放大锡林和盖板之间的隔距,降低印纤维和针布摩擦产生的静电导致缠绕锡林的可能性。实际生产采取低速度、轻定量,大隔距的工艺原则。工艺参数:棉条重量:18克/5米,锡林、盖板隔距0.52mm,0.48mm,0.48mm,0.52mm,锡林转速:300转/分钟,道夫转速:25转/分钟,刺辊转速645转/分钟。操作环境:温度大于24℃,湿度80-90%。
d、并条工序。芳纶1313弹性大,牵引力大,并条工序采用慢速度,大隔距重加压顺牵伸,的工艺原则。采用防静电处理的胶辊,及时清理面纱通道。
一并:8根并1根,要求25克/米。牵伸倍数8.05,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率11%;
二并:10根并一根,要求16克/5米,牵伸倍数10.1,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率10%;
三并:8根并一根,要求15克/5米,牵伸倍数8.05,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率10%。
e、粗纱工序。粗纱工序采用:慢速度,重加压,较大后区隔距以及较小牵伸倍数的工艺原则。适当加大粗纱的捻系数。具体工艺参数为:粗纱干定量:4克/10米,罗拉间距9.5mm*26.5mm*47.5mm。罗拉加压15daN/双锭,隔距块规格:8.5mm,锭速:500转/分钟,后区牵伸1.9倍。粗纱回潮9%。
f、细纱工序。为了提高成纱质量,改善成纱条干,减少纱疵,我们采用小的后区牵伸倍数,为了保证车间生产操作顺序,湿度控制在80-90%,温度28℃,避免因静电造成缠绕罗拉。细纱工序参数:后区牵伸倍数1.14,罗拉隔距19mm*43mm。
g、一次蒸纱。芳纶纤维模量高,刚性强我们采用真空蒸纱锅,工艺为:抽真空10分钟,60分钟升温到110℃,101-110℃保温60分钟。
h、络筒工序。采用意大利萨维奥进口自动络筒机,使用空气打结器,降低络筒速度减少了静电的产生,从而降低了络筒工序的纱线毛羽的增加。
i、并线。三根48S/1并线,筒子大小1-1.2公斤。
j、倍捻。采用德国苏拉倍捻机,锭速:8000转/分钟。成纱指标:线密度47.27,重量偏差1.5%。纱线断裂强力839CN,纱线断裂强度22.74cN/tex,纱线断裂强力变异系数8.96%,纱线断裂伸长率23.81%。
k、二次蒸纱。我们采用两次蒸纱工艺,备捻后的芳纶纱线,回捻大。二次蒸纱是采用两次升温保温工艺。具体工艺如下:抽真空10分钟,60分钟升温到105℃,100-105℃保温60分钟,放气10分钟,抽真空10分钟,50分钟升温到105℃,100-105℃保温60分钟,二次蒸纱结束后将纱线取出,自然晾干—包装—入库。
接着对芳纶纱线进行抗菌处理,所述抗菌处理为:将芳纶纱线浸没至50℃的抗菌处理液中,超声35min,取出芳纶纱线,烘干。
所述抗菌处理液由0.5g琼脂,0.5g玉米淀粉,15g抗菌植物提取物,100mL水,加热至50℃混合均匀而得,所述抗菌植物提取物的制备方法为:将五倍子、佛手、苜蓿和马齿苋按照1:1:0.5:2的重量比例混合均匀,粗粉碎后,超微粉碎至300-500目,按照1g超微粉碎物加70mL75%的乙醇的比例,将超微粉碎物与乙醇混匀,50℃下旋涡震荡60min,离心,过滤,得抗菌植物提取物。
实施例2:
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于:
接着对芳纶纱线进行抗菌处理,所述抗菌处理为:将芳纶纱线浸没至60℃的抗菌处理液中,超声25min,取出芳纶纱线,烘干。
所述抗菌处理液由0.5g琼脂,0.5g玉米淀粉,20g抗菌植物提取物,100mL水,加热至60℃混合均匀而得,所述抗菌植物提取物的制备方法为:将五倍子、佛手、苜蓿和马齿苋按照1:1:0.5:3的重量比例混合均匀,粗粉碎后,超微粉碎至300-500目,按照1g超微粉碎物加80mL75%的乙醇的比例,将超微粉碎物与乙醇混匀,60℃下旋涡震荡60min,离心,过滤,得抗菌植物提取物。
其它同实施例1。
对比例1:
采用与实施例1相同的工艺,不同之处在于芳纶纱线未经抗菌处理。
按照实施例1和实施例2的设置分别制成袜子样品,随机抽取其中三个样品进行阻燃和抗菌测试,样品1-3为实施例1的设置制成袜子样品,样品4-6为实施例2的设置制成袜子样品,测试数据如下:
表1:袜子阻燃性能测试(GB/T 5455-2014纺织品燃烧性能垂直方向损毁长度、阴燃和续燃时间的测定):
损毁长度/mm | 续燃时间/s | 阴燃时间/s | |
样品1 | 95 | 4.0 | 3.2 |
样品2 | 97 | 4.2 | 3.5 |
样品3 | 95 | 4.0 | 3.2 |
样品4 | 96 | 4.1 | 3.3 |
样品5 | 95 | 4.0 | 3.2 |
样品6 | 96 | 4.1 | 3.3 |
表2:袜子洗涤20次后,抗菌性能测试:
金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率% | 大肠杆菌抑菌率% | 白色念珠菌抑菌率% | |
样品1 | 93.5 | 90.8 | 80.2 |
样品2 | 92.1 | 90.6 | 79.7 |
样品3 | 90.2 | 88.9 | 78.5 |
样品4 | 96.9 | 95.2 | 87.8 |
样品5 | 98.7 | 96.1 | 85.3 |
样品6 | 97.3 | 95.7 | 86.7 |
对比例1 | 65.7 | 60.3 | 42.5 |
本发明制成袜子产品其它指标的经检测,测试结果如下:
甲醛含量≤75mg/kg;
耐水色牢度(变/沾)≥3-4级;
耐洗色牢度(变/沾)≥3-4级;
耐汗渍色牢度(变/沾)≥3级;
耐摩擦色牢度(干/湿)≥3级。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。
Claims (3)
1.一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜,包括袜口、袜体及袜头,其特征在于:所述袜口面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线60%,锦纶纱线30%,氨纶纱线10%;所述袜体面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线70%,锦纶纱线25%,氨纶纱线5%;所述袜头面料的重量百分比成分为:芳纶纱线70%,锦纶纱线20%,涤纶纱线5%,氨纶纱线5%;
所述芳纶纱线的制备工序为:开松→清花→梳棉→并条→粗纱→细纱→一次蒸纱→络筒→并线→倍捻→二次蒸纱→成品纱;
所述芳纶纱线为经抗菌处理的芳纶纱线,所述抗菌处理为:将芳纶纱线浸没至50-60℃的抗菌处理液中,超声25-35min,取出芳纶纱线,烘干;所述抗菌处理液由0.5g琼脂,0.5g玉米淀粉,15-20g抗菌植物提取物,100mL水,加热至50-60℃混合均匀而得,所述抗菌植物提取物的制备方法为:将五倍子、佛手、苜蓿和马齿苋按照1:1:0.5:2-3的重量比例混合均匀,粗粉碎后,超微粉碎至300-500目,按照1g超微粉碎物加70-80mL75%的乙醇的比例,将超微粉碎物与乙醇混匀,50-60℃下旋涡震荡60min,离心,过滤,得抗菌植物提取物;抗菌处理液被芳纶纱线吸附,琼脂和淀粉干燥后形成多孔的凝胶吸附膜层,将抗菌剂固定在芳纶纱线上;
芳纶纤维开松后抗静电处理后再进入清花工序,所述抗静电处理为:向开松后的芳纶纤维喷洒浓度为2%的抗静电剂,芳纶纤维:抗静电剂的重量为10:1,混匀,堆料12小时以上,操作环境控制在湿度70-80%,温度≥24℃;
所述并条工序包括:
一并:8根并1根,要求25克/米,牵伸倍数8.05,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率11%;
二并:10根并一根,要求16克/5米,牵伸倍数10.1,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率10%;
三并:8根并一根,要求15克/5米,牵伸倍数8.05,出条速度:180米/分钟,回潮率10%;
所述一次蒸纱工序采用真空蒸纱锅,参数为:抽真空10分钟,60分钟升温到110℃,101-110℃保温60分钟;
所述二次蒸纱工序采用真空蒸纱锅,参数为:抽真空10分钟,60分钟升温到105℃,100-105℃保温60分钟; 放气10分钟,抽真空10分钟,50分钟升温到105℃,100-105℃保温60分钟。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜,其特征在于:所述粗纱工序参数为:粗纱干定量:4克/10米,罗拉间距9.5mm*26.5mm*47.5mm,罗拉加压15daN/双锭,隔距块规格:8.5mm,锭速:500转/分钟,后区牵伸1.9倍。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳纶纤维阻燃抗菌防护袜,其特征在于:所述细纱工序参数为:后区牵伸倍数1.14,罗拉隔距19mm*43mm。
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