CN111537338A - Cross test piece biax is loaded and not loaded fatigue test loading fixture device equally - Google Patents
Cross test piece biax is loaded and not loaded fatigue test loading fixture device equally Download PDFInfo
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- CN111537338A CN111537338A CN202010385067.7A CN202010385067A CN111537338A CN 111537338 A CN111537338 A CN 111537338A CN 202010385067 A CN202010385067 A CN 202010385067A CN 111537338 A CN111537338 A CN 111537338A
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- round hole
- clamping plate
- test piece
- cross
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0254—Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0272—Cruciform specimens
Abstract
The invention discloses a loading fixture device for biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue tests of a cross-shaped test piece, which comprises the cross-shaped test piece, an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate which are correspondingly distributed up and down, wherein the cross-shaped test piece is arranged in a containing cavity formed between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, four pull rods which are symmetrically distributed are arranged between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, the cross-shaped test piece is respectively matched and connected with the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate through the pull rods, positioning guide rods are arranged at two ends of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, and the upper clamping plate is fixedly connected with the lower clamping plate through the positioning guide rods. Aiming at solving the technical requirements of high price, high test control difficulty and high test cost of the conventional double-shaft fatigue testing machine, the invention designs the loading clamp aiming at the cross-shaped test piece, integrally realizes double-shaft loading on the cross-shaped test piece on the single-shaft fatigue testing machine, effectively controls the test cost and reduces the technical effect of test difficulty.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a loading fixture device for a biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of a cross test piece, which is used for realizing biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue loading on a uniaxial tension-compression fatigue testing machine and realizing biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue loading on the cross test piece while axially loading on the uniaxial fatigue testing machine, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing.
Background
The cross-shaped biaxial fatigue test can be used for analyzing the fatigue performance of the material in a complex stress state, but the biaxial fatigue testing machine is expensive, the test control difficulty is high, and the test cost is high. Therefore, the design of the loading clamp for the cross-shaped test piece is necessary, the double-shaft loading of the cross-shaped test piece on the single-shaft fatigue testing machine is realized, the testing cost is effectively controlled, and the testing difficulty is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a loading fixture device for a biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of a cross test piece, so that biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue loading of the cross test piece on a uniaxial tension-compression fatigue testing machine can be realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a loading fixture device for a biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of a cross test piece, which comprises the cross test piece and is characterized by further comprising an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate which are vertically and correspondingly distributed, wherein the cross test piece is arranged in a containing cavity formed between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, four pull rods which are symmetrically distributed are arranged between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, the cross test piece is respectively matched and connected with the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate through the pull rods, positioning guide rods are arranged at two ends of the upper clamping plate and two ends of the lower clamping plate, and the upper clamping plate is fixedly connected with the lower clamping plate through the positioning guide rods.
As a preferred embodiment, the upper clamp plate is respectively provided with a first circular hole, a second circular hole, a fifth circular hole and a sixth circular hole, and the lower clamp plate located below the upper clamp plate is respectively provided with a third circular hole, a fourth circular hole, a seventh circular hole and an eighth circular hole.
As a preferred embodiment, the circle center of the first circular hole, the circle center of the second circular hole, the circle center of the fifth circular hole and the circle center of the sixth circular hole are located on concentric circular arcs; the circle center of the third round hole, the circle center of the fourth round hole, the circle center of the seventh round hole and the circle center of the eighth round hole are positioned on concentric arcs.
As a better embodiment, the circle center connecting line of the first round hole and the third round hole is vertical to the circle center connecting line of the second round hole and the fourth round hole, and the circle center connecting line of the first round hole and the third round hole is in an angle with the center lines of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate.
As a better embodiment, the connection line of the circle centers of the fifth round hole and the seventh round hole is perpendicular to the connection line of the circle centers of the sixth round hole and the eighth round hole, and the connection line of the circle centers of the fifth round hole and the seventh round hole is not perpendicular to the central lines of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate.
As a preferred embodiment, the connection line of the circle centers of the fifth round hole and the seventh round hole is in an angle with the central line of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate.
As a preferred embodiment, the center lines of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate pass through the center of the cross-shaped test piece; the circle center connecting line of the first round hole and the third round hole, the circle center connecting line of the second round hole and the fourth round hole, the circle center connecting line of the fifth round hole and the seventh round hole and the circle center connecting line of the sixth round hole and the eighth round hole all pass through the center of the cross-shaped test piece.
As a preferred embodiment, the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are provided with a through groove for installing a pull rod corresponding to the pull rod, the pull rod is installed in the through groove for installing the pull rod, and the pull rod is tightly connected with the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate by bolts.
As a better embodiment, two bolt mounting round holes are oppositely formed in the pull rod, one end of the pull rod is connected with the upper clamping plate or the lower clamping plate through the bolt mounting round holes in a bolt matching mode, and the other end of the pull rod is connected with the cross-shaped test piece through the bolt mounting round holes in a bolt matching mode.
As a better embodiment, a test piece installation through groove is formed in the end part, close to the cross-shaped test piece, of the pull rod, and the cross-shaped test piece is installed in the test piece installation through groove.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: firstly, the problem of biaxial fatigue loading of a cross-shaped test piece on a one-way fatigue testing machine is solved by utilizing a two-force rod principle and force decomposition, so that the clamp is simple and practical in structure and simple to operate; secondly, the plurality of round holes are formed in the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, so that equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test loading is realized; thirdly, the positioning guide rod can effectively prevent the upper clamp and the lower clamp from moving left and right during the test; fourthly, rectangular grooves are formed in the clamping plate and the pull rod, so that the whole structure is more compact and stable in connection; fifth, the invention solves the technical requirements of expensive price, high test control difficulty and high test cost of the existing double-shaft fatigue testing machine, and integrally realizes double-shaft loading on the cross-shaped test piece on the single-shaft fatigue testing machine by designing the loading clamp aiming at the cross-shaped test piece, thereby effectively controlling the test cost and reducing the technical effect of test difficulty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 4-1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the upper splint of the present invention;
FIG. 4-2 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the lower splint of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the tie rod of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of a cruciform test piece of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view schematic construction of a preferred embodiment of the positioning guide of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a right side view of a preferred embodiment of the positioning guide of the present invention.
The meanings of the symbols in the figures: 1-upper clamping plate, 2-lower clamping plate, 3-positioning guide rod, 4-first round hole, 5-second round hole, 6-third round hole, 7-fourth round hole, 8-fifth round hole, 9-sixth round hole, 10-seventh round hole, 11-eighth round hole, 12-pull rod, 13-cross test piece, 14-bolt, 15-bolt mounting round hole, 16-test piece mounting through groove and 17-pull rod mounting through groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the invention provides a loading fixture device for a biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of a cross-shaped test piece, which comprises a cross-shaped test piece 13, an upper clamping plate 1 and a lower clamping plate 2 which are correspondingly distributed up and down, wherein the cross-shaped test piece 13 is arranged in a containing cavity formed between the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, four symmetrically-distributed pull rods 12 are arranged between the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, the cross-shaped test piece 13 is respectively matched and connected with the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2 through the pull rods 12, positioning guide rods 3 are arranged at two ends of the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, the upper clamping plate 1 is fastened and connected with the lower clamping plate 2 through the positioning guide rods 3 to fix the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, so; the upper splint 1 is respectively provided with a first round hole 4, a second round hole 5, a fifth round hole 8 and a sixth round hole 9, and the lower splint 2 positioned below the upper splint 1 is respectively correspondingly provided with a third round hole 6, a fourth round hole 7, a seventh round hole 10 and an eighth round hole 11; the circle center of the first round hole 4, the circle center of the second round hole 5, the circle center of the fifth round hole 8 and the circle center of the sixth round hole 9 are positioned on concentric circular arcs; the circle center of the third round hole 6, the circle center of the fourth round hole 7, the circle center of the seventh round hole 10 and the circle center of the eighth round hole 11 are positioned on concentric circular arcs; FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the tie rod of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of a cruciform test piece of the present invention; fig. 7 is a front view and a right view schematically illustrating the guide bar according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a right side view schematically illustrating the guide bar according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4-1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the upper clamping plate of the invention, fig. 4-2 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the lower clamping plate of the invention, a line connecting centers of a first round hole 4 and a third round hole 6 is perpendicular to a line connecting centers of a second round hole 5 and a fourth round hole 7, and a line connecting centers of the first round hole 4 and the third round hole 6 is 45 degrees to center lines of the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, so that two arms of a cross-shaped test piece can be loaded with equal load fatigue.
The circle center connecting line of the fifth round hole 8 and the seventh round hole 10 is perpendicular to the circle center connecting line of the sixth round hole 9 and the eighth round hole 11, the circle center connecting line of the fifth round hole 8 and the seventh round hole 10 is not 45 degrees with the center lines of the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, and therefore the unequal-load fatigue loading of the two arms of the cross-shaped test piece can be achieved.
The center lines of the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2 pass through the center of the cross-shaped test piece 13; the circle center connecting line of the first round hole 4 and the third round hole 6, the circle center connecting line of the second round hole 5 and the fourth round hole 7, the circle center connecting line of the fifth round hole 8 and the seventh round hole 10, and the circle center connecting line of the sixth round hole 9 and the eighth round hole 11 all pass through the center of the cross-shaped test piece 13.
Example 2: the line of the centers of the fifth round hole 8 and the seventh round hole 10 is 60 degrees with the center line of the upper clamp plate 1 and the lower clamp plate 2, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3: rectangular pull rod installation through grooves 17 corresponding to the pull rods 12 are formed in the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, the pull rods 12 are installed in the pull rod installation through grooves 17, the pull rods 12 are fixedly connected with the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2 through bolts 14, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1.
Example 4: two bolt mounting round holes 15 are oppositely formed in the pull rod 12, one end of the pull rod 12 is connected with the upper clamping plate 1 or the lower clamping plate 2 through the bolt mounting round holes 15 and the bolts 14 in a matched mode, and the other end of the pull rod 12 is connected with the cross-shaped test piece 13 through the bolt mounting round holes 15 and the bolts 14 in a matched mode; a rectangular test piece installation through groove 16 is formed in the end portion, close to the cross-shaped test piece 13, of the pull rod 12, the cross-shaped test piece 13 is installed in the test piece installation through groove 16, and the rest is the same as that in embodiment 1.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the two-force rod principle and the force resolution; after the cross-shaped test piece 13 is clamped, two arms of the cross-shaped test piece 13 are connected with two force rods (namely pull rods 12), the two force rods only transmit axial loads of the rod pieces, the application of the loads in the two-arm directions of the cross-shaped test piece 13 can be realized, and the loads on the two arms of the cross-shaped test piece 13 can be obtained by decomposing the axial loads on the uniaxial tensile testing machine in the two-arm directions of the cross-shaped test piece 13. Through changing the round hole positions on the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, the loading of the biaxial equal-load unequal-ratio fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece 13 can be realized.
The working process of the invention is as follows: the cross-shaped test piece 13 is connected with the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2 of the clamp by using the bolts 14 and the pull rods 12, the testing machine applies loads to the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, and the clamp decomposes the loads into loads along the directions of two arms of the cross-shaped test piece 13, so that the biaxial tensile fatigue loading of the cross-shaped test piece is realized.
The specific implementation process is as follows: the cross-shaped test piece 13 is connected with an upper clamping plate 1 and a lower clamping plate 2 of the clamp by using bolts 14 and pull rods 12, and the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2 are respectively fixed at a fixed end and a loading end of the testing machine. Lubricating grease is injected into round holes at the left end and the right end of the positioning guide rod 3, the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, and the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2 are guaranteed to move stably and smoothly in the loading process.
After the cross-shaped test piece 13, the fixture device and the testing machine are connected, the testing machine applies load to the lower clamping plate 2, the load is decomposed into loads along the directions of the two arms of the cross-shaped test piece 13 through the fixture device, and the loading of the double-shaft fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece 13 is achieved.
The implementation method comprises the following steps:
the upper clamping plate 1, the lower clamping plate 2 and the pull rod 12 are connected through the first round hole 4, the second round hole 5, the third round hole 6 and the fourth round hole 7, and the cross-shaped test piece 13 and the pull rod 12 are connected through the bolts 14. After the cross-shaped test piece 13 is clamped on the clamp device, the device is arranged on a uniaxial tension test fatigue testing machine. The circle center connecting line of the first round hole 4 and the third round hole 6 is vertical to the circle center connecting line of the second round hole 5 and the fourth round hole 7, and the circle center connecting line of the first round hole 4 and the third round hole 6 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the central lines of the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2, so that the double-shaft equal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece 13 can be realized.
The implementation method II comprises the following steps:
the upper clamping plate 1, the lower clamping plate 2 and the pull rod 12 are connected through a fifth round hole 8, a sixth round hole 9, a seventh round hole 10 and an eighth round hole 11, and a cross-shaped test piece 13 and the pull rod 12 are connected through a bolt 14. After the cross-shaped test piece 13 is clamped on the clamp, the clamp is arranged on a uniaxial tensile testing machine. The circle center connecting line of the fifth round hole 8 and the seventh round hole 10 is perpendicular to the circle center connecting line of the sixth round hole 9 and the eighth round hole 11, and the circle center connecting line of the fifth round hole 8 and the seventh round hole 10 and the central lines of the upper clamping plate 1 and the lower clamping plate 2 form other angles than 45 degrees, so that the performance of the biaxial non-equal load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece can be realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cross test piece biax is loaded and is loaded fatigue test loading fixture device such as non-equally, includes cross test piece (13), its characterized in that still includes punch holder (1), lower plate (2) that the upper and lower correspondence distributes, cross test piece (13) set up in punch holder (1) with form between lower plate (2) hold in the chamber, punch holder (1) with be provided with four symmetric distribution's pull rod (12) between lower plate (2), cross test piece (13) pass through pull rod (12) respectively with punch holder (1) lower plate (2) cooperation is connected, punch holder (1) with the both ends of lower plate (2) are provided with positioning guide (3), punch holder (1) pass through positioning guide (3) with lower plate (2) fastening connection.
2. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that a first round hole (4), a second round hole (5), a fifth round hole (8) and a sixth round hole (9) are respectively formed in the upper clamping plate (1), and a third round hole (6), a fourth round hole (7), a seventh round hole (10) and an eighth round hole (11) are respectively and correspondingly formed in the lower clamping plate (2) below the upper clamping plate (1).
3. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece according to claim 2, wherein the circle center of the first round hole (4), the circle center of the second round hole (5), the circle center of the fifth round hole (8) and the circle center of the sixth round hole (9) are positioned on concentric circular arcs; the circle center of the third round hole (6), the circle center of the fourth round hole (7), the circle center of the seventh round hole (10) and the circle center of the eighth round hole (11) are positioned on concentric arcs.
4. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece as claimed in claim 3, wherein a line connecting the centers of the first round hole (4) and the third round hole (6) is perpendicular to a line connecting the centers of the second round hole (5) and the fourth round hole (7), and a line connecting the centers of the first round hole (4) and the third round hole (6) is 45 degrees from the center lines of the upper clamping plate (1) and the lower clamping plate (2).
5. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece as claimed in claim 3, wherein a connecting line of circle centers of the fifth round hole (8) and the seventh round hole (10) is perpendicular to a connecting line of circle centers of the sixth round hole (9) and the eighth round hole (11), and a connecting line of circle centers of the fifth round hole (8) and the seventh round hole (10) is at an angle different from 45 degrees with center lines of the upper clamping plate (1) and the lower clamping plate (2).
6. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece according to claim 5, characterized in that the connection line of the centers of the fifth round hole (8) and the seventh round hole (10) is 60 degrees from the center lines of the upper clamping plate (1) and the lower clamping plate (2).
7. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece according to claim 2, characterized in that the center lines of the upper clamping plate (1) and the lower clamping plate (2) pass through the center of the cross-shaped test piece (13); the circle center connecting line of the first round hole (4) and the third round hole (6), the circle center connecting line of the second round hole (5) and the fourth round hole (7), the circle center connecting line of the fifth round hole (8) and the seventh round hole (10) and the circle center connecting line of the sixth round hole (9) and the eighth round hole (11) all pass through the center of the cross-shaped test piece (13).
8. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that a pull rod installation through groove (17) corresponding to the pull rod (12) is formed in the upper clamp plate (1) and the lower clamp plate (2), the pull rod (12) is installed in the pull rod installation through groove (17), and the pull rod (12) is fixedly connected with the upper clamp plate (1) and the lower clamp plate (2) through bolts (14).
9. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that two bolt mounting round holes (15) are oppositely arranged on the pull rod (12), one end of the pull rod (12) is connected with the upper clamping plate (1) or the lower clamping plate (2) through the bolt mounting round holes (15) and the bolts (14) in a matching manner, and the other end of the pull rod (12) is connected with the cross-shaped test piece (13) through the bolt mounting round holes (15) and the bolts (14) in a matching manner.
10. The loading fixture device for the biaxial equal-load and unequal-load fatigue test of the cross-shaped test piece according to claim 1, characterized in that a test piece installation through groove (16) is formed in the end part, close to the cross-shaped test piece (13), of the pull rod (12), and the cross-shaped test piece (13) is installed in the test piece installation through groove (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010385067.7A CN111537338B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Cross test piece biax is loaded and not loaded fatigue test loading fixture device equally |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010385067.7A CN111537338B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Cross test piece biax is loaded and not loaded fatigue test loading fixture device equally |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111537338A true CN111537338A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
| CN111537338B CN111537338B (en) | 2021-08-17 |
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| CN202010385067.7A Active CN111537338B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Cross test piece biax is loaded and not loaded fatigue test loading fixture device equally |
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| CN (1) | CN111537338B (en) |
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2020
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| CN111537338B (en) | 2021-08-17 |
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