CN104568591A - Biaxial extension test device - Google Patents
Biaxial extension test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104568591A CN104568591A CN201510005909.0A CN201510005909A CN104568591A CN 104568591 A CN104568591 A CN 104568591A CN 201510005909 A CN201510005909 A CN 201510005909A CN 104568591 A CN104568591 A CN 104568591A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biaxial extension test device. The biaxial extension test device comprises a horizontal rack which is an orthogonal cross, wherein a servo-cylinder is mounted at the end part of each of four arms of the horizontal rack and sequentially connected with a tension sensor and a combined fixture; a linear guide rail is arranged on the surface of each of the four arms of the horizontal rack; and the combined clamps are arranged on the linear guide rails, can move along the linear guide rails and are used for clamping test pieces. The invention also provides a method for the biaxial extension test device to perform biaxial extension test, and the method comprises a plurality of steps. The biaxial extension test device is compact in structure, concise in format, stable in operation and high in precision, has various test functions (unidirectional static extension, low-cycle reciprocating extension, bidirectional static tensile strength and optional biaxial stress ratio low-cycle reciprocating extension), and can be applied to uniaxial tensile test machines, biaxial tensile test machines and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tensile test device, particularly relate to a kind of biaxial stretch-formed proving installation, can be applicable to building film material, airship envelope, technical fabric twin shaft monotonic tension and low Zhou Xunhuan, tear, creep test etc.Belong to material mechanics experiment technology, building structural materials experimental technique field.
Background technology
Macromolecule compound fabric membraneous material lightweight, high-strength, chemically-resistant, permanance and in industrial circle application such as modern building fabric field, Aeronautics and Astronautics, as building membrane structure, aviation dirigible, space flight parachute or soft landing system etc.Film of fabric generally has Ji Bu and coating to form, Ji Bu to be reeled off raw silk from cocoons synthon by macromolecular material, then cloth is made into, dacron, glass fibre etc. is mainly contained at building field, polyethylene fibre, aramid fiber, nylon fiber etc. are mainly contained at aerospace field, coating mainly contains teflon, poly-inclined tetrafluoroethene, and adopt coating or laminated, substrate that is laminated or coating also has other chemical colloid.Therefore, film of fabric material has complicated mechanical behavior feature, shows as material nonlinearity, non-resilient, anisotropy, viscoelasticity, amphicheirality etc.The domestic mechanics parameter about film material, design ap-plication are according to being mainly derived from single pass test at present, in recent years have carry out film material two-way stretch mechanical behavior test, analysis and research, and achieve impressive progress and achievement in research.
" multifunctional membrane structure tester " (ZL.20041006758.7) of Chen Wujun, Fu Gongyi work have developed multifunctional membrane structure tester, adopt leading screw and link mechanism to load, but the ratio of loading is restricted, and precision is low.
" manufacture and exploit of membrane structure biaxial tension-compression strength machine " (science and technology and engineering of Chen Lu, Li Yang, Zhang Qilin, Yang Zonglin work, 2006,6 (1): 17-23) development describes membrane structure biaxial tension-compression strength machine, adopt motor as power, connect leading screw, force snesor, displacement transducer etc., but only realize the one-sided stretch-draw of twin shaft, Deformation control loading, symmetrical stretch-draw and the control of strict stress ratio can not be realized.
Chen Wujun, Shi Guanglin, Zhang Li, the tensile test device that what is gorgeous, " tensile test device " (ZL.201110101929.X) that be that magnify rising sun work have developed film material biaxial tension-compression strength machine, adopt two-stage load maintainer to adapt to the requirement of 16cm, 72cm test specimen kernel size, fixture adopts side by side split type, travel mechanism and line slideway adopt slide block, an axle of overall cross frame welds entirely, establish double layer support between twin shaft, and hydraulic efficiency servo-valve is separated with hydraulic cylinder, connected by hard tube and flexible pipe.But the cross frame of this tensile test device is complicated, size is large, be not easy to assembling, holder test specimen is difficult to control, operation is hard, large, the initial pre-tensioning of travel mechanism friction force is large, affect initial testing precision, and hydraulic efficiency servo-valve is separated the dynamic response characteristic, the control accuracy that affect hydrostatic control with hydraulic cylinder.
" electro-hydraulic loading system of thin-film biaxial tensile testing machine " (ZL.20111107672.9) of Chen Wujun, Shi Guanglin, Zhang Lizhu have developed the electrohydraulic control system of film biaxial tension-compression strength machine, two groups of valves are adopted to control two axles, realized the two ends loading of an axle again by intercepting valve, variable valve, but the synchronism of system, dynamic response characteristic not fine.
Summary of the invention
Because the above-mentioned defect of prior art, technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of easy disassembly, facilitates specimen holder, low-frictional force, electro-hydraulic servo performance are good, compact conformation and succinct, that size is little, have many test functions (unidirectional static stretch, low Zhou Xunhuan come and go and stretch, and bidirectional static pulling strengrth, the arbitrarily low Zhou Xunhuan of biaxiality come and go and stretch) novel biaxial tensile test device.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of biaxial stretch-formed proving installation, comprise horizontal stand, described horizontal stand is orthogonal cross, the end of four arms of described horizontal stand is all provided with servo-cylinder, and each described servo-cylinder is connected with pulling force sensor, built-up jig all successively; The surface of four arms of described horizontal stand is provided with line slideway, and described built-up jig to be arranged on described line slideway and can to move along described line slideway; Described built-up jig is used for clamping test pieces.
Further, the piston of described servo-cylinder is connected with described pulling force sensor by the first bridgeware, and described pulling force sensor is connected with described built-up jig with the 3rd bridgeware by the second bridgeware successively.
Further, described built-up jig is connected with described line slideway by ball-type slide block.
Further, described line slideway is fixedly connected with by the arm surface of guide rail support plate with described horizontal stand.
Further, described servo-cylinder is provided with servo-valve, described servo-valve is connected with described servo-cylinder by rebound.
Further, each arm of described horizontal stand is also provided with displacement transducer, institute's displacement sensors is connected with the arm of described horizontal stand by displacement transducer erecting frame, institute's displacement sensors erecting frame is dismountable on the arm of described horizontal stand, institute's displacement sensors is used for speed Loading Control, and uses when carrying out speed Loading Control pattern.
Further, four arms of described horizontal stand are symmetrical consistent.
Further, on four arms of described horizontal stand, the layout of each parts is symmetrical consistent.
Further, four arms of described horizontal stand and the center of described horizontal stand are fixedly linked respectively by high-strength bolt and column.
Further, be connected with channel-section steel horizontal support by square tube diagonal brace between described column.
Further, described built-up jig comprises fixture bracket and fixture, and described fixture bracket is connected by pin with described fixture.
Further, described fixture comprises fixture upper plate and fixture lower plate, and the front end of described fixture upper plate and described fixture lower plate is provided with semi-circular recesses, and the semi-circular recesses of described fixture upper plate and the semi-circular recesses of described fixture lower plate coordinate with clamping test pieces.
Described test specimen is placed into after in described semi-circular recesses, and described fixture upper plate and described fixture lower plate can be linked together by pin, skid off described semi-circular recesses to prevent described test specimen.
Further, described test specimen is cruciform specimen, and the useful area at the center of described test specimen is 160mm × 160mm, four arms of described test specimen brachium is 160mm, arm is wide is 160mm.
Further, four arms of described test specimen have 3 ~ 5 road seams, described 3 ~ 5 road seams can make the central area uniform stressed of described test specimen.
Further, the welding edges of four arms of described test specimen has noose, be installed with nylon rope or PE rod that diameter is 12mm in described noose, when testing, described nylon rope or PE rod are clamped in the semi-circular recesses of described fixture upper plate semi-circular recesses and described fixture lower plate.
Present invention also offers a kind of biaxial stretch-formed method of testing of any one biaxial stretch-formed proving installation above-mentioned, comprise the steps:
The first step, the piston controlling described servo-cylinder stretches out maximum length;
Second step, clamps four arms of cruciform specimen respectively by the described built-up jig on four arms of described horizontal stand;
3rd step, by power source and electric control system, makes the described cruciform specimen of the piston of described servo-cylinder retraction stretching, thus realizes tensile loads.
Further, the pattern of described tensile loads comprises power Loading Control pattern and speed Loading Control pattern, and described power Loading Control pattern is that the data recorded in real time by pulling force sensor are fed back and the size of the power of controlled loading; Described speed Loading Control pattern is the displacement recorded by displacement transducer, then divided by the time, the velocity feedback obtained carrys out the size of the speed of controlled loading.
The present invention makes full use of the feature of servo-cylinder, servo-valve, built-up jig, line slideway, realize novel biaxial tensile test device compact conformation, form succinct, operate steadily, precision is high, (unidirectional static stretch, low Zhou Xunhuan come and go and stretch to have many test functions, bidirectional static pulling strengrth, the arbitrarily low Zhou Xunhuan of biaxiality come and go and stretch), can be applicable to uniaxial tensile test machine, biaxial tension-compression strength machine etc.
In addition, the chassis design of biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of the present invention adopts joist steel as the form of four arms connection columns of agent structure, orthogonal cross, so both ensure that bulk strength, rigidity, again ease of assembly; Be connected with channel-section steel horizontal support by square tube diagonal brace between column, like this under the prerequisite ensureing rigidity, reduce the size of frame.
Be described further below with reference to the technique effect of accompanying drawing to design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation, to understand object of the present invention, characteristic sum effect fully.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the elevation drawing of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the skeleton view of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the wiring layout of the fixture bracket of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the fixture of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the wiring layout of the fixture of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the planimetric map of the test specimen of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of biaxial stretch-formed proving installation, and its structure comprises horizontal stand 14, servo-cylinder 1, pulling force sensor 4, built-up jig, line slideway 10 etc.Wherein, built-up jig comprises fixture bracket 7 and fixture 8.Horizontal stand 14 is orthogonal cross, and the end of four arms of horizontal stand is all provided with servo-cylinder 1, and servo-cylinder 1 is bolted in horizontal stand 14.Each servo-cylinder 1 is connected with pulling force sensor 4, fixture bracket 7, fixture 8 all successively, specifically, the piston of servo-cylinder 1 is connected with 4 pulling force sensors by the first bridgeware 3, pulling force sensor 4 is connected with the second bridgeware 5 and the 3rd bridgeware 6,3rd bridgeware 6 is connected with fixture bracket 7, and fixture bracket 7 is connected with fixture 8 by pin 71.Fixture 8 is for clamping cruciform specimen arm.
The surface of four arms of horizontal stand 14 is provided with line slideway 10, and fixture bracket 7 to be arranged on line slideway 10 and can linearly to move by guide rail 10, and specifically, fixture bracket is connected with line slideway 10 by ball-type slide block 9.Line slideway 10 is secured by bolts on guide rail support plate 11, and guide rail support plate 11 is fixedly connected with by the arm surface of bolt with horizontal stand 14.
In the present embodiment, servo-cylinder 1 is provided with servo-valve 2, servo-valve 2 is connected with servo-cylinder 1 by rebound.Servo-valve 2 plays the effect controlling servo-cylinder 1.
Each arm of horizontal stand 14 is also provided with displacement transducer 13, displacement transducer 13 is secured by bolts on displacement transducer erecting frame 12, displacement transducer erecting frame 12 is twisted bolt by hand and is connected with horizontal stand 14, displacement transducer erecting frame 12 is dismountable on the arm of described horizontal stand, displacement transducer 13 is used, for carrying out speed Loading Control when carrying out speed-control load pattern.
Four arms of the horizontal stand 14 of the present embodiment are symmetrical consistent, and on four of horizontal stand 14 arms, the layout of each parts is symmetrical consistent.Four arms of horizontal stand 14 and the center (i.e. the center of orthogonal cross) of horizontal stand 14 are fixedly linked respectively by high-strength bolt and column 21.Be connected with channel-section steel horizontal support 23 by square tube diagonal brace 22 between column 21.
The upper and lower surface at the center of the horizontal stand 14 of the present embodiment is provided with octagon plate 140, and this octagon plate 140 high-strength bolt is connected to the center of horizontal stand 14, and plays the effect of four arms of the horizontal stand 14 of connection, see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 is the wiring layout of fixture bracket 7, as shown in Figure 4, the front end extension 72 of fixture bracket 7 is for holding fixture 8, and fixture bracket 7 is connected with the rear portion of fixture 8 by pin 71, fixture bracket 7 below by bolt connection ball-type slide block 9 (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 3).
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, fixture 8 comprises the fixture upper plate 81 and fixture lower plate 82 that are linked together by pin 87, the front end of fixture upper plate 81 and fixture lower plate 82 is provided with semi-circular recesses 83, and the semi-circular recesses of fixture upper plate 81 and the semi-circular recesses of fixture lower plate 81 coordinate with clamping test pieces.Test specimen is placed into after in semi-circular recesses 83, and fixture upper plate 81 and fixture lower plate 82 can be linked together by pin 84, skid off semi-circular recesses 83 to prevent test specimen.The rear end of fixture lower plate 82 has hole 85, and hole 85 is for being connected with fixture bracket 7.Fixture upper plate 81 is reserved with handle installation screw 86, for mounting knob, mentions fixture upper plate 81 to facilitate.
The scantling of embodiments of the invention, Material selec-tion, technological design can be determined for embody rule, the height comprising horizontal stand 14 is wide, the parameter of the model parameter of the model parameter of servo-cylinder 1, servo-valve 2, pulling force sensor, the model of ball-type slide block 9, the length of line slideway 10 and model, the planar dimension of guide rail support plate 11 and thickness, the size of fixture bracket 7, the size of fixture 8.Horizontal stand 14 and guide rail support plate 11 can use steel, surface paint or blackout.
The test specimen that the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of the present embodiment adopts is cruciform specimen, and as shown in Figure 7, the useful area at the center of test specimen is 160mm × 160mm, four arms of test specimen brachium is 160mm, arm is wide is 160mm.Four arms of test specimen have the central area uniform stressed that 3 ~ 5 seam 91,3 ~ 5 road, road seams can make test specimen.The welding edges of four arms of test specimen has noose, is installed with nylon rope or PE rod 92 that diameter is 12mm in noose, and when testing, nylon rope or PE rod 92 are clamped in the semi-circular recesses of fixture upper plate 81 and the semi-circular recesses of fixture lower plate 82.
The course of work of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation of the present embodiment comprises the steps:
The first step, the piston controlling servo-cylinder 1 stretches out maximum length;
Second step, clamps four arms of cruciform specimen respectively by the fixture 8 on four arms of horizontal stand 14;
3rd step, by power source and electric control system, makes the piston retraction stretching cruciform specimen of servo-cylinder 1, thus realizes tensile loads;
The pattern of the tensile loads of the present embodiment comprises two kinds of patterns: power Loading Control pattern and speed Loading Control pattern, and wherein power Loading Control pattern is that the data recorded in real time by pulling force sensor are fed back and the size of the power of controlled loading; Speed Loading Control pattern is the displacement recorded by displacement transducer, then divided by the time, the velocity feedback obtained carrys out the size of the speed of controlled loading.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just design according to the present invention can make many modifications and variations without the need to creative work.Therefore, all technician in the art, all should by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (10)
1. a biaxial stretch-formed proving installation, comprise horizontal stand, it is characterized in that, described horizontal stand is orthogonal cross, the end of four arms of described horizontal stand is all provided with servo-cylinder, and each described servo-cylinder is connected with pulling force sensor, built-up jig all successively; The surface of four arms of described horizontal stand is provided with line slideway, and described built-up jig to be arranged on described line slideway and can to move along described line slideway, and described built-up jig is used for clamping test pieces.
2. biaxial stretch-formed proving installation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the piston of described servo-cylinder is connected with described pulling force sensor by the first bridgeware, and described pulling force sensor is connected with described built-up jig with the 3rd bridgeware by the second bridgeware successively.
3. biaxial stretch-formed proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described built-up jig is connected with described line slideway by ball-type slide block; Described line slideway is fixedly connected with by the arm surface of guide rail support plate with described horizontal stand.
4. biaxial stretch-formed proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described servo-cylinder is provided with servo-valve, and described servo-valve is connected with described servo-cylinder by rebound.
5. biaxial stretch-formed proving installation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, each arm of described horizontal stand is also provided with displacement transducer, institute's displacement sensors is connected with the arm of described horizontal stand by displacement transducer erecting frame, institute's displacement sensors erecting frame is dismountable on the arm of described horizontal stand, and institute's displacement sensors is used for speed Loading Control.
6. biaxial stretch-formed proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, four arms of described horizontal stand and the center of described horizontal stand are fixedly linked respectively by high-strength bolt and column; Connected by diagonal supporting member between described column.
7. biaxial stretch-formed proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described built-up jig comprises fixture bracket and fixture, and described fixture bracket is connected by pin with described fixture; Described fixture comprises fixture upper plate and fixture lower plate, and the front end of described fixture upper plate and described fixture lower plate is provided with semi-circular recesses, and the semi-circular recesses of described fixture upper plate and the semi-circular recesses of described fixture lower plate coordinate with clamping test pieces.
8. biaxial stretch-formed proving installation as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described test specimen is placed into after in described semi-circular recesses, and described fixture upper plate and described fixture lower plate can be linked together by pin, skid off described semi-circular recesses to prevent described test specimen.
9., as the biaxial stretch-formed method of testing of the biaxial stretch-formed proving installation in claim 1 ~ 8 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
The first step, the piston controlling described servo-cylinder stretches out maximum length;
Second step, clamps four arms of cruciform specimen respectively by the described built-up jig on four arms of described horizontal stand;
3rd step, by power source and electric control system, makes the described cruciform specimen of the piston of described servo-cylinder retraction stretching, thus realizes tensile loads.
10. biaxial stretch-formed method of testing as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the pattern of described tensile loads comprises power Loading Control pattern and speed Loading Control pattern, and described power Loading Control pattern is that the data recorded in real time by pulling force sensor are fed back and the size of the power of controlled loading; Described speed Loading Control pattern is the displacement recorded by displacement transducer, then divided by the time, the velocity feedback obtained carrys out the size of the speed of controlled loading.
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| CN106323751A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-11 | 绍兴文理学院 | Multiaxial pulling-pressing loading system for testing mechanical properties of defective materials with cracks |
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