CN107271275A - A kind of biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107271275A CN107271275A CN201710386420.1A CN201710386420A CN107271275A CN 107271275 A CN107271275 A CN 107271275A CN 201710386420 A CN201710386420 A CN 201710386420A CN 107271275 A CN107271275 A CN 107271275A
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- girder
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0254—Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen, including SMIS area and four semi-girders, four semi-girders stretch out around SMIS area and constitute cross, each semi-girder is connected by transition region with SMIS area, the end of semi-girder is bare terminal end, bare terminal end is provided with bare terminal end rubber bar, and bare terminal end rubber bar is used for the fixture for connecting biaxial tension-compression strength machine；Biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen is arranged to：When carrying out biaxial stretch-formed strength test, the pulling force of twin shaft testing machine is transferred to transition region by semi-girder, is finally applied to SMIS area, and SMIS area is biaxial stretch-formed test core area, and tensile failure first betides SMIS area.Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen.The present invention can determine and characterize the biaxial stretch-formed intensity of fabric membrane material, and destruction betides single-interval test area, and semi-girder and transition region are strengthened then destroying, and can be applied to building film material, airship envelope and other industrial fabric areas etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for test specimen of the biaxial stretch-formed intensity of test fabric membrane material and preparation method thereof, more particularly to
A kind of biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen and preparation method thereof, the test specimen can be used for building film material, airship envelope etc. to knit
The biaxial strength test of thing membrane material, belongs to material mechanics experiment technology, building structural materials experimental technique field.
Background technology
Fabric membrane material is often made up of fabric substrate and coating, or fabric substrate is combined with Multifunctional layered.Fabric substrate by
Macromolecular fibre is formed through braiding of spinning, and coating is in scrim surfaces coating functions layer.Fabric membrane material is used as a kind of high-strength light
Composite, be widely used in the fields such as building, Aero-Space, basic stress is two-dimensional complex stress.For fabric
Mechanical property research widely used biaxial tension-compression strength method, but be directed to of the film two dimension stress in serviceability limit stage
Fabric membrane material intensity and failure are at present still only with uniaxial tensile test and design method.Because the fabric construction of fabric membrane material has
There are orthotropic, a nonlinear characteristic, uniaxial tension intensity is unable to accurate characterization its two-dimentional complex stress intensity, and fabric is lacked at present
The effective ways of the biaxial stretch-formed strength test of film.
There is extensive research for the twin shaft experiment of fabric membrane material.Biaxial tension-compression strength machine and biaxial stretch-formed test
Method has to develop on a large scale very much.But current research is nonetheless focused upon twin shaft Elasticity performance study, twin shaft is not drawn
The test method for stretching intensity occurs.For example：
" membrane structures design " (China Construction Industry Press, 2005.3.) written by Chen Wujun introduces membrane material parameter, torn
Split test method, biaxial stretch-formed method of testing.
(Tongji University's doctorate is discussed for " the mechanical property research of building film material material and membrane structure and application " written by Li Yang
Text, 2007.8) biaxial tension-compression strength machine is have studied, customize loading spectrum and test method.
Chen Wujun, Wang Ligang, " P/G classes structural fabric twin shaft shearing test and the mechanical characteristic analysis " of high work of establishing an army
(Journal of Building Materials, 2016,03:It 539-543) have studied the twin shaft shearing test method of fabric membrane material and the shearing force of membrane material
Learn performance.
Biaxial stretch-formed strength test at present more is applied to metal material test, and has achieved impressive progress and achievement.
" progress of biaxial tensile test and the Investigation on intensification of titanium plate biaxial tension " that Ren Jiatao, Li Gangling, beans will force write
(Experimental Mechanics, 2001,02:196-206.) carried out the biaxial tension-compression strength of metal material, and titanium plate biaxial tension mechanics
Performance is studied.
(Jilin University master learns for " the design analysis and experimental study of biaxial stretch-formed in-situ mechanical test device " written by Lu Shuai
Degree thesis whole-length, 2015) biaxial stretch-formed mechanics experimental rig is have studied, and to the mechanical property under the biaxial stress of various metals material
Carry out experiment.
The biaxial stretch-formed cruciform specimen of fabric membrane material studied currently used for serviceability limit stage mechanical behavior, in stress water
When flat higher, because joint-cutting, chamfering iso-stress collection neutralize edge effect, test specimen is drawn in biaxial stretch-formed stress level far below single shaft
Destroyed when stretching intensity, its stress value can not characterize the biaxial stretch-formed intensity of fabric membrane, its damage -form can not disclose twin shaft drawing
Stretch true mechanical behavior mechanism.Because metal has excellent mechanical machining attribute, the examination for the biaxial stretch-formed strength test of metal
Part can be by strengthening design processing.These current technologies cannot be used for the biaxial stretch-formed strength test of fabric membrane.
The content of the invention
In view of the drawbacks described above of prior art, it is double that the technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of fabric membrane material
Axle tensile strength test cruciform specimen, and preparation method, with the use of biaxial tension-compression strength machine, can carry out fabric membrane material twin shaft
Tensile strength test.
To achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen,
Including SMIS area and four semi-girders, four semi-girders stretch out around the SMIS area and constitute cross, each described
Semi-girder is connected by transition region with the SMIS area, and the end of the semi-girder is bare terminal end, and the bare terminal end is provided with bare terminal end
Rubber bar, the bare terminal end rubber bar is used for the fixture for connecting biaxial tension-compression strength machine；The biaxial stretch-formed strength test cross
Type test specimen is arranged to：When carrying out biaxial stretch-formed strength test, the pulling force of twin shaft testing machine is transferred to transition region by semi-girder, finally
SMIS area is applied to, the SMIS area is biaxial stretch-formed test core area, and tensile failure first betides the SMIS area.
Further, the SMIS area is individual layer, and the semi-girder and the transition region are bilayer.
Further, multiple tracks joint-cutting, length direction of the joint-cutting parallel to the semi-girder are provided with the semi-girder.
Further, the material of the biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen is fabric membrane material, the length of the semi-girder
Degree be oriented parallel to the fabric membrane material through broadwise.
Further, there is chamfering, the region where the chamfering is individual layer between adjacent two semi-girder.
Further, each semi-girder includes first layer and the second layer, and the bare terminal end rubber bar is wrapped in described first
Between layer and the second layer, and the end of the semi-girder is arranged on, the first layer and the second layer are soldered or bonded
Together.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1: choosing non-defective in fabric membrane material, being cut from breadths and volume end edge at least 10cm region with orthogonal
It is criss-cross to cut piece, the piece that cuts is included four arms, four arms form the orthogonal cross, and make the sanction
Each arm of section is parallel to fabric membrane material through broadwise；When cutting, make that there is chamfering between adjacent two-arm；
Step 2: the center that each arm for cutting piece is cut into piece described in turns down and overlapped, obtain having first
The semi-girder of layer and the second layer, while bare terminal end rubber bar is wrapped up between the first layer and the second layer, and by institute
State the end that bare terminal end rubber bar is placed in the semi-girder；
Step 3: the superposed surfaces of the first layer and the second layer are uniformly coated into the adhesive that can mix, then overlap
Bonding, and uniformly extrude, dry environment is placed in afterwards, until the adhesive solidification that can mix so that the first of the semi-girder
Layer and the second layer are fully bonded to together；Wherein solderable junction or glue-bondable face are superposed surfaces；
Step 4: making multiple tracks joint-cutting on each semi-girder, and make the joint-cutting parallel to the length direction of semi-girder.
The two ends of joint-cutting are respectively apart from the side about 2cm in bare terminal end and SMIS area.
Further, in the step 2, each arm for cutting piece cuts the center turnover overlapping of piece described in
Afterwards, in the SMIS area that is centrally formed for cutting piece, the SMIS area is used as the core test section of test specimen, is individual layer, and
Stretch out in the corner in the SMIS area and locate to cut the small side in the corner to be formed that is superimposed after the two neighboring arm turnover of piece to be described
Shape, the corner it is small it is square be three layers, the surrounding in the SMIS area except the corner it is small it is square in addition to region be the transition region,
The transition region is bilayer, and the semi-girder is connected by the transition region with the SMIS area.
Further, in the step 2, four arms are symmetrically turned down two-by-two.
The present invention is using the method for the biaxial stretch-formed strength test of above-mentioned biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen progress：
Biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen is sprawled in biaxial tension-compression strength machine test section, the bare terminal end of four semi-girders is orthogonal right
Claim ground joint test machine clamp；Biaxial tension-compression strength machine is opened, regulation testing machine is to test specimen pretension；Biaxial stretch-formed loading mould is set
Formula, gradually loading carries out biaxial stretch-formed strength test.When the destruction of cruciform specimen first occurs in SMIS area, test specimen destruction is
Effectively destruction.Now, the pulling force that testing machine is measured can characterize the biaxial stretch-formed intensity of fabric membrane material.
The biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen of fabric membrane material of the present invention can determine and characterize the drawing of fabric membrane material twin shaft
Intensity is stretched, destruction betides single-interval test area, and semi-girder and transition region are strengthened then destroying, and can be applied to building film material, dirigible and cover
Skin and other industrial fabric areas etc..
The technique effect of the design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation is described further below with reference to accompanying drawing, with
It is fully understood from the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the top view of the biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the profile of the biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be the present invention a preferred embodiment biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen in semi-girder bare terminal end rubber
The partial sectional view of glue stick；
Fig. 4 is that the biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen of the preferred embodiment of the present invention cuts figure.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides a kind of cross examination of biaxial stretch-formed strength test
Part, including SMIS area 2 and four semi-girders 1, four semi-girders 1 stretch out around SMIS area 2 and constitute cross, each semi-girder 1
It is connected by transition region 3 with SMIS area 2, the end of semi-girder 1 is bare terminal end 9, and bare terminal end 9 is provided with bare terminal end rubber bar 4, is clamped
End rubber bar 4 is used for the fixture for connecting biaxial tension-compression strength machine；SMIS area 2 is individual layer, and semi-girder 1 and transition region 3 are bilayer.This reality
The biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen for applying example is arranged to：When carrying out biaxial stretch-formed strength test, semi-girder 1 tries twin shaft
The pulling force for testing machine is transferred to transition region 3, is finally applied to SMIS area 2, and SMIS area 2 is biaxial stretch-formed test core area, and stretching is broken
It is bad first to occur and SMIS area 2.
The material of biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen is fabric membrane material, and the length direction of semi-girder 1 is parallel to fabric
Membrane material through broadwise.Each semi-girder 1 has bilayer, and the bilayer includes first layer 6 and the second layer 7, and bare terminal end rubber bar 4 is wrapped
(referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) between the first layer 6 and the second layer 7, and it is arranged on the end of the semi-girder 1, first layer 6
It is welded or adhered together with the second layer 7.There is chamfering R, for avoiding stress concentration, chamfering R places between adjacent two semi-girder 1
Region be individual layer.Multiple tracks joint-cutting 5 is provided with semi-girder 1, it is preferred that being 2~4 road joint-cuttings 5, the joint-cutting 5 is parallel to semi-girder 1
Length direction.
As shown in figure 1, cruciform specimen Symmetric Orthogonal, including four semi-girders 1, four bare terminal end rubber bars 4, SMIS areas 2
With transition region 3, the long La of semi-girder 1, width w, the long Ls=2La+w of test specimen.The long w of transition region 3, width b.SMIS area 2 is core test section,
Length of side a, is square, a=w-2a.The diameter of phi of bare terminal end rubber bar 4, wraps up glued by the membrane material of semi-girder 1.A3 is three layers of bond zone
(the overlapping region of adjacent semi-girder 1), A2 is two layers of bond zone (semi-girder 1 and the region of transition region 3), and A1 is individual layer area (SMIS
Area 2 and chamfering region).
The preparation method of the above-mentioned biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: choosing non-defective in fabric membrane material, being cut from breadths and volume end edge at least 10cm region with orthogonal
Criss-cross to cut piece, making to cut piece includes four arms, a width of w of arm, a length of La+2 Φ+La+b.Four arms form orthogonal ten
Font, and make each arm for cutting piece parallel to fabric membrane material through broadwise；When cutting, make that there is chamfering R between adjacent two-arm；
At this moment, the overall length of test specimen is Lt=w+2 (La+2 Φ+La+b) (referring to Fig. 4).
Overlapped Step 2: each arm for cutting piece is turned down towards the center for cutting piece, i.e., four arms are symmetrically turned down two-by-two,
The semi-girder 1 with first layer 6 and the second layer 7 is obtained, while bare terminal end rubber bar 4 is wrapped up between first layer 6 and the second layer 7,
And bare terminal end rubber bar 4 is placed in the end of semi-girder 1；The long La of semi-girder 1, width w, the long Ls=2La+w of test specimen.
Wherein, each arm for cutting piece is cut described in after the center turnover overlapping of piece, is cutting being centrally formed for piece
SMIS area 2, SMIS area 2 is used as the core test section of test specimen, is individual layer, and stretches out place in the corner in SMIS area 2 to cut
The corner to be formed that is superimposed after the turnover of piece two neighboring arm is small square (A3), corner it is small it is square be three layers, the surrounding in SMIS area 2 is removed
The small square outer region in corner is transition region 3, and transition region 3 is bilayer, and semi-girder 1 is connected by transition region 3 with SMIS area 2.
Step 3: the superposed surfaces 8 of the first layer 6 and the second layer 7 are uniformly coated into the adhesive that can mix, then fold
Bonding is closed, and is uniformly extruded, dry environment is placed in afterwards, until the adhesive solidification that can mix so that the of the semi-girder 1
One layer 6 and the second layer 7 are fully bonded to together.Wherein solderable junction or glue-bondable face are superposed surfaces 8.
Step 4: making multiple tracks joint-cutting 5 on each semi-girder 1, and make the joint-cutting 5 parallel to the length of semi-girder 1
Direction.The two ends of joint-cutting 5 are respectively apart from the side about 2cm in bare terminal end and SMIS area 2.
In the present embodiment, selected fabric membrane material sample material be without defects such as obvious skew of weft, bow, sand holes, and away from
It is not less than 10cm not less than 10cm, away from film coiled material end from membrane material breadth edge.Using either manually or automatically guillotine, such as Fig. 4
Film is cut, orthogonal cross biaxial parallel is in membrane material through broadwise.Fig. 4 fabric membrane material is cut to four semi-girders 1 of piece, symmetrically turned over
Folding, is positioned by Fig. 2, and in the end of semi-girder 1, such as Fig. 3 of parcel bare terminal end rubber bar 4, is then coated with adhesive, then overlaps, uniform to squeeze
Pressure.Such as Fig. 1 is in four roads of 1 joint-cutting of semi-girder 5 2~4, and joint-cutting 5 is parallel to semi-girder 1.
In the specific implementation, the width of semi-girder 1 w, long La, transition region 3 width b, the length of side a of SMIS area 2, the diameter of bare terminal end rubber bar 4
Φ, chamfer radius R, the number of joint-cutting 5 and the long Ls of back gauge d, i.e. test specimen can be designed as needed.
Preferred embodiment of the invention described in detail above.It should be appreciated that one of ordinary skill in the art without
Need creative work just can make many modifications and variations according to the design of the present invention.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical scheme, all should be in the protection domain being defined in the patent claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen, it is characterised in that including SMIS area and four semi-girders, described four
Semi-girder stretches out around the SMIS area and constitutes cross, and each semi-girder is connected by transition region and the SMIS area
Connect, the end of the semi-girder is bare terminal end, and the bare terminal end is provided with bare terminal end rubber bar, and the bare terminal end rubber bar is used to connect
Connect the fixture of biaxial tension-compression strength machine；The biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen is arranged to：Carry out biaxial stretch-formed strong
During degree experiment, the pulling force of twin shaft testing machine is transferred to transition region by semi-girder, is finally applied to SMIS area, and the SMIS area is twin shaft
Extension test core space, tensile failure first betides the SMIS area.
2. biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the SMIS area is single
Layer, the semi-girder and the transition region are bilayer.
3. biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that set on the semi-girder
There are multiple tracks joint-cutting, length direction of the joint-cutting parallel to the semi-girder.
4. biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described biaxial stretch-formed strong
The material of degree experiment cruciform specimen is fabric membrane material, the longitude and latitude of the length direction of the semi-girder parallel to the fabric membrane material
To.
5. biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that between adjacent two semi-girder
With chamfering, the region where the chamfering is individual layer.
6. biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each semi-girder includes the
One layer and the second layer, the bare terminal end rubber bar are wrapped between the first layer and the second layer, and are arranged on described
The end of semi-girder, the first layer and the second layer are welded or adhered together.
7. a kind of preparation method according to biaxial stretch-formed strength test cruciform specimen according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
It is characterised in that it includes following steps：
Step 1: using fabric membrane material cut with it is orthogonal it is criss-cross cut piece, the piece that cuts is included four arms, it is described
Four arms form the orthogonal cross, and make each arm for cutting piece parallel to fabric membrane material through broadwise；When cutting,
Make that there is chamfering between adjacent two-arm；
Step 2: each arm that described will cut piece is towards the center turnover overlapping for cutting piece, obtain with first layer with
The semi-girder of the second layer, while bare terminal end rubber bar is wrapped up between the first layer and the second layer, and by the folder
Hold the end that end rubber bar is placed in the semi-girder；
Step 3: the superposed surfaces of the first layer and the second layer are uniformly coated into the adhesive that can mix, then overlapping bonding,
And uniformly extrude, dry environment is placed in afterwards, until the adhesive solidification that can mix so that the first layer of the semi-girder and the
Two layers are fully bonded to together；
Step 4: making multiple tracks joint-cutting on each semi-girder, and make the joint-cutting parallel to the length direction of semi-girder.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in the step 2, each arm for cutting piece
Cut described in after the center turnover overlapping of piece, in the SMIS area that is centrally formed for cutting piece, the SMIS area is used
Make the core test section of test specimen, be individual layer, and to cut piece two neighboring to be described at the place that stretches out in the corner in the SMIS area
The corner to be formed that is superimposed is small square after arm turnover, the corner it is small it is square be three layers, the surrounding in the SMIS area removes described four
The small square outer region in angle is the transition region, and the transition region is bilayer, the semi-girder by the transition region with it is described in
Core area is connected.
9. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in the step 2, four arms are symmetrical two-by-two
Turnover.
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| CN201710386420.1A CN107271275B (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-05-26 | Biaxial tensile strength test cross-shaped test piece and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108593432A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-28 | 同济大学 | Cross biaxial tension sheet metal test specimen and preparation method thereof for yield behavior test |
| CN111289327A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-16 | 烟台宏远氧业股份有限公司 | Resin film test piece for DMA (direct memory Access) test and preparation method thereof |
| CN113959830A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-21 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Bamboo and wood material biaxial tension test device and method |
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| CN204202955U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-03-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Be applicable to the biaxial stretch-formed test specimen of coated fabric film material |
| CN104568591A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-29 | 上海交通大学 | Biaxial extension test device |
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