CN111535045A - 一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111535045A
CN111535045A CN202010348596.XA CN202010348596A CN111535045A CN 111535045 A CN111535045 A CN 111535045A CN 202010348596 A CN202010348596 A CN 202010348596A CN 111535045 A CN111535045 A CN 111535045A
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窦亮
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Qingdao Qingcai Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及复合材料技术领域，具体公开了一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料，包括：聚醚多元醇，三羟基甲基丙烷，醋酸丁酯，异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯，甲级磷酸二甲脂，光稳定剂，聚天门冬氨酸树脂，乙酸丁酸纤维，硅氧烷颜料，云母球及硅酸盐颗粒，消泡剂；通过将纤维织物加温到40℃，表面干燥，将纤维织物固定在输送辊上，一段置于固定夹具上，固定夹通过PLC控制变频电机，牵引往前运动，滚刷和刮刀通过传感器控制与纤维织物的相对位置，将A组分和预混料混合成浆料，使用隔膜泵抽取至涂料箱中，由涂料箱根据用量抽取涂料到与滚涂刷直接相联的涂料容器中，使用滚涂刷将浆料滚涂在纤维织物上，使用刮刀刮平，烘干，得到环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料。

Description

一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域，特别涉及一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着近代工业的发展，环境污染也随着产生，噪音污染就是环境污染的一种，已经成为对人类的一大危害。噪音污染与水污染、大气污染被看成是世界范围内三个主要环境问题。噪音是发生体做无规则时发出的声音。声音由物体振动引起，以波的形式在一定的介质(如固体、液体、气体)中进行传播。通常听到的声音为空气声。一般情况下，人耳可听到的声波频率为20～20000Hz，称为可听声；低于20Hz，称为次声波；高于20000Hz，称为超声波，从环境保护的角度来讲，凡是干扰人们休息、学习和工作的声音，即不需要的声音，统称为噪音。当噪声对人及周围环境造成不良影响时，就形成噪音污染。
现代社会中，人们追求的生活水平越来越高，加上城市中热量排放高，导致生活环境处于高热状态
隔热降噪材料是建筑、交通工具、工业工程常用材料，一般厚度在10mm以上，生产过程主要以岩棉、石棉、珍珠棉为主要原料，存在以下缺点：1：使用材料及生产过程不环保，材料制作过程产生的纤维粉末会刺激人体呼吸道，且不易排出体外。2：织物厚度不能薄膜化处理，降噪效率低。3:编织物的拉伸强度较低，易碎。4：耐老化性能差，易粉化，耐磨性能差。5：表面颜色单调，不具备装饰效果，所以不能单独使用。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料以解决上述技术问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为：
一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备A组分：将聚醚多元醇，三羟基甲基丙烷和醋酸丁酯，投入到带冷凝器的反应釜中，在反应釜保持搅拌状态下进行真空脱水1h，期间开启冷凝器将温度降至35℃-50℃，保持反应釜在此温度区间，加入适量的异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯，待温升至80℃-90℃时，加入甲级磷酸二甲脂和光稳定剂，继续搅拌0.5h后，加入消泡剂，搅拌0.5h后降温，得到A组分；
(2)制备B组分：将聚天门冬氨酸树脂投入分散缸中进行分散，再加入适量的乙酸丁酸纤维，继续分散20min，得到B组分；
(3)预混：将中空云母球及硅酸盐颗粒加入硅氧烷中，充分搅拌1h后，加入B组分中，加入颜料，继续进行充分分散，得到预混料；
(4)涂敷：将纤维织物加温到40℃，表面干燥，将纤维织物固定在输送辊上，一段置于固定夹具上，固定夹通过PLC控制变频电机，牵引往前运动，设置滚涂刷和刮刀，滚刷和刮刀通过传感器控制与纤维织物的相对位置，将A组分和预混料混合成浆料，使用隔膜泵抽取至涂料箱中，由涂料箱根据用量抽取涂料到与滚涂刷直接相联的涂料容器中，使用滚涂刷将浆料滚涂在纤维织物上，使用刮刀刮平，厚度为0.15mm—50mm，，刮涂完成后进入烘干隧道，材料经干燥后，自动打卷；
所述A组分和B组分配比为n(-NCO):n(-OH)＝1：1。
作为一优选的实施例，所述环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料，按重量份计包括：聚醚多元醇30-75％，三羟基甲基丙烷5-20％，醋酸丁酯5-20％，异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯70-80％，甲级磷酸二甲脂3-5％，光稳定剂0.5-1％，聚天门冬氨酸树脂50-80％，乙酸丁酸纤维5-10％，硅氧烷10-15％，颜料3-10％，云母球及硅酸盐颗粒10-15％，消泡剂0.5-1％。
作为一优选的实施例，所述聚醚多元醇的摩尔质量为1000g/mol；所述聚醚多元醇为聚氧化丙烯二醇，丙二醇聚醚，三羟甲基丙烷聚醚，聚氧化丙烯三醇和聚四氢呋喃二醇中至少的一种。
作为一优选的实施例，所述光稳定剂为2-羟基-4甲氧基二苯甲酮。
作为一优选的实施例，所述消泡剂为正丁醇。
作为一优选的实施例，所述云母球的粒径为2μm-30μm。
作为一优选的实施例，所述步骤(3)中加入的云母球及硅酸盐颗粒和硅氧烷的混合物的重量占所述B组分总重量的20％。
本发明采用上述技术方案，制得的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料具有以下有益效果：
1：本发明制作相对简单，经过本发明配置的聚脲材料固体含量高，几乎无挥发性有机物，生产工艺环保性好。
2：本材料同时具备纤维织物和本发明聚脲配方的抗拉伸强度，通过配方的调整可调节材料的硬度，在具备柔韧性的同时具备较好的耐磨性能。
3：本发明在满足降噪音功能的同时，由于内部填充颗粒的气体影响，可起到隔热保温效果。
4：本发明可根据使用要求印刷图案、切割、裁剪可加工性能好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
实施例一
一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备A组分：将聚醚多元醇45㎏，三羟基甲基丙烷15㎏和醋酸丁酯10㎏，投入到带冷凝器的反应釜中，在反应釜保持搅拌状态下进行真空脱水1h，期间开启冷凝器将温度降至35℃-50℃，保持反应釜在此温度区间，加入适量的异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯75㎏，待温升至80℃-90℃时，加入甲级磷酸二甲脂3㎏和2-羟基-4甲氧基二苯甲酮0.5㎏，继续搅拌0.5h后，加入正丁醇0.5㎏，搅拌0.5h后降温，得到A组分；
(2)制备B组分：将聚天门冬氨酸树脂55kg投入分散缸中进行分散，再加入乙酸丁酸纤维6kg，继续分散20min，得到B组分；
(3)预混：将中空的粒径为2μm-30μm的云母球及硅酸盐颗粒10kg，加入硅氧烷10kg中，充分搅拌1h后，取云母球及硅酸盐颗粒和硅氧烷的混合物的20％重量份加入B组分中，加入颜料4kg，继续进行充分分散，得到预混料；
(4)涂敷：将纤维织物加温到40℃，表面干燥，将纤维织物固定在输送辊上，一段置于固定夹具上，固定夹通过PLC控制变频电机，牵引往前运动，设置滚涂刷和刮刀，滚刷和刮刀通过传感器控制与纤维织物的相对位置，将A组分和预混料混合成浆料，使用隔膜泵抽取至涂料箱中，由涂料箱根据用量抽取涂料到与滚涂刷直接相联的涂料容器中，使用滚涂刷将浆料滚涂在纤维织物上，使用刮刀刮平，厚度为0.15mm-50mm，，刮涂完成后进入烘干隧道，材料经干燥后，自动打卷。
实施例一制作的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的卷材表面平整，光滑，强度高，按照2mm厚度的材料进行测试，发现本材料在使用中无论是降噪、保温、拉伸强度都有极大提高，以丙纶无纺布和本材料测试比较：
Figure BDA0002471073530000051
实施例二
一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备A组分：将聚醚多元醇50㎏，三羟基甲基丙烷12㎏和醋酸丁酯13㎏，投入到带冷凝器的反应釜中，在反应釜保持搅拌状态下进行真空脱水1h，期间开启冷凝器将温度降至35℃-50℃，保持反应釜在此温度区间，加入适量的异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯78㎏，待温升至80℃-90℃时，加入甲级磷酸二甲脂4㎏和2-羟基-4甲氧基二苯甲酮0.7㎏，继续搅拌0.5h后，加入正丁醇0.8㎏，搅拌0.5h后降温，得到A组分；
(2)制备B组分：将聚天门冬氨酸树脂65kg投入分散缸中进行分散，再加入乙酸丁酸纤维8kg，继续分散20min，得到B组分；
(3)预混：将中空的粒径为2μm-30μm的云母球及硅酸盐颗粒13kg，加入硅氧烷12kg中，充分搅拌1h后，取云母球及硅酸盐颗粒和硅氧烷的混合物的20％重量份加入B组分中，加入颜料7kg，继续进行充分分散，得到预混料；
(4)涂敷：将纤维织物加温到40℃，表面干燥，将纤维织物固定在输送辊上，一段置于固定夹具上，固定夹通过PLC控制变频电机，牵引往前运动，设置滚涂刷和刮刀，滚刷和刮刀通过传感器控制与纤维织物的相对位置，将A组分和预混料混合成浆料，使用隔膜泵抽取至涂料箱中，由涂料箱根据用量抽取涂料到与滚涂刷直接相联的涂料容器中，使用滚涂刷将浆料滚涂在纤维织物上，使用刮刀刮平，厚度为0.15mm-50mm，，刮涂完成后进入烘干隧道，材料经干燥后，自动打卷。
实施例二制作的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的卷材表面平整，光滑，强度高，按照2mm厚度的材料进行测试，发现本材料在使用中无论是降噪、保温、拉伸强度都有极大提高，以丙纶无纺布和本材料测试比较：
Figure BDA0002471073530000061
实施例三
一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备A组分：将聚醚多元醇75㎏，三羟基甲基丙烷20㎏和醋酸丁酯20㎏，投入到带冷凝器的反应釜中，在反应釜保持搅拌状态下进行真空脱水1h，期间开启冷凝器将温度降至35℃-50℃，保持反应釜在此温度区间，加入异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯80㎏，待温升至80℃-90℃时，加入甲级磷酸二甲脂5㎏和2-羟基-4甲氧基二苯甲酮1㎏，继续搅拌0.5h后，加入正丁醇1㎏，搅拌0.5h后降温，得到A组分；
(2)制备B组分：将聚天门冬氨酸树脂80kg投入分散缸中进行分散，再加入乙酸丁酸纤维10kg，继续分散20min，得到B组分；
(3)预混：将中空的粒径为2μm-30μm的云母球及硅酸盐颗粒15kg，加入硅氧烷15kg中，充分搅拌1h后，取云母球及硅酸盐颗粒和硅氧烷的混合物的20％重量份加入B组分中，加入颜料10kg，继续进行充分分散，得到预混料；
(4)涂敷：将纤维织物加温到40℃，表面干燥，将纤维织物固定在输送辊上，一段置于固定夹具上，固定夹通过PLC控制变频电机，牵引往前运动，设置滚涂刷和刮刀，滚刷和刮刀通过传感器控制与纤维织物的相对位置，将A组分和预混料混合成浆料，使用隔膜泵抽取至涂料箱中，由涂料箱根据用量抽取涂料到与滚涂刷直接相联的涂料容器中，使用滚涂刷将浆料滚涂在纤维织物上，使用刮刀刮平，厚度为0.15mm-50mm，，刮涂完成后进入烘干隧道，材料经干燥后，自动打卷。
实施例三制作的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的卷材表面平整，光滑，强度高，按照2mm厚度的材料进行测试，发现本材料在使用中无论是降噪、保温、拉伸强度都有极大提高，以丙纶无纺布和本材料测试比较：
Figure BDA0002471073530000071
以上结合实施例对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明，但本发明不限于所描述的实施方式。对于本领域的技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原理和精神的情况下，对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，仍落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(1)制备A组分：将聚醚多元醇，三羟基甲基丙烷和醋酸丁酯，投入到带冷凝器的反应釜中，在反应釜保持搅拌状态下进行真空脱水1h，期间开启冷凝器将温度降至35℃-50℃，保持反应釜在此温度区间，加入适量的异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯，待温升至80℃-90℃时，加入甲级磷酸二甲脂和光稳定剂，继续搅拌0.5h后，加入消泡剂，搅拌0.5h后降温，得到A组分；
(2)制备B组分：将聚天门冬氨酸树脂投入分散缸中进行分散，再加入适量的乙酸丁酸纤维，继续分散20min，得到B组分；
(3)预混：将中空云母球及硅酸盐颗粒加入硅氧烷中，充分搅拌1h后，加入B组分中，加入颜料，继续进行充分分散，得到预混料；
(4)涂敷：将纤维织物加温到40℃，表面干燥，将纤维织物固定在输送辊上，一段置于固定夹具上，固定夹通过PLC控制变频电机，牵引往前运动，设置滚涂刷和刮刀，滚刷和刮刀通过传感器控制与纤维织物的相对位置，将A组分和预混料混合成浆料，使用隔膜泵抽取至涂料箱中，由涂料箱根据用量抽取涂料到与滚涂刷直接相联的涂料容器中，使用滚涂刷将浆料滚涂在纤维织物上，使用刮刀刮平，厚度为0.15mm-50mm，，刮涂完成后进入烘干隧道，材料经干燥后，自动打卷；
所述A组分和B组分配比为n(-NCO):n(-OH)＝1：1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料，按重量份计包括：聚醚多元醇30-75％，三羟基甲基丙烷5-20％，醋酸丁酯5-20％，异弗尔酮二异氰酸酯70-80％，甲级磷酸二甲脂3-5％，光稳定剂0.5-1％，聚天门冬氨酸树脂50-80％，乙酸丁酸纤维5-10％，硅氧烷10-15％，颜料3-10％，云母球及硅酸盐颗粒10-15％，消泡剂0.5-1％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述聚醚多元醇的摩尔质量为1000g/mol；所述聚醚多元醇为聚氧化丙烯二醇，丙二醇聚醚，三羟甲基丙烷聚醚，聚氧化丙烯三醇和聚四氢呋喃二醇中至少的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述光稳定剂为2-羟基-4甲氧基二苯甲酮。
5.根据权利要求1所述的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述消泡剂为正丁醇。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述云母球的粒径为2μm-30μm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的环保型隔热降噪聚脲复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)中加入的云母球及硅酸盐颗粒和硅氧烷的混合物的重量占所述B组分总重量的20％。
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