CN111533970A - 一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111533970A CN111533970A CN202010599976.0A CN202010599976A CN111533970A CN 111533970 A CN111533970 A CN 111533970A CN 202010599976 A CN202010599976 A CN 202010599976A CN 111533970 A CN111533970 A CN 111533970A
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- Prior art keywords
- parts
- rubber
- plastic product
- agent
- antibacterial
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- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
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- ASMGFRUXEQOYBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-1,3,2,4-dioxathiazole 2-oxide Chemical compound O1S(=O)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ASMGFRUXEQOYBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
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- DKQFKRXPJSBPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-dimethyl-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)C1=NC=CS1 DKQFKRXPJSBPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- OPNUROKCUBTKLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-methylphenyl)guanidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N\C(N)=N\C1=CC=CC=C1C OPNUROKCUBTKLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decabromodiphenyl ether Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBOCQTNZUPTTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(hydrazinesulfonyl)phenoxy]benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)NN)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NN)C=C1 NBOCQTNZUPTTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- UYISKGVFPMWFJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 UYISKGVFPMWFJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明属于橡塑制品技术领域,提出了一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,按质量份数计,包括丁腈橡胶15~20份,聚氯乙烯树脂8~10份,发泡剂7~9份,阻燃剂20~30份,操作油6~8份,抗菌剂1~2份,活性剂0.3~0.5份,硬脂酸0.1~0.3份,防护蜡3~5份,促进剂3~5份,硫化剂0.5~0.8份,炭黑2~3份。将丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、炭黑、操作油、抗菌剂、防护蜡、活性剂、硬脂酸通过密炼机共混,排料,复炼,存放22‑26h,加入硫化剂和促进剂混炼,挤出成型,硫化发泡,得到防霉抗菌橡塑制品。通过上述技术方案,解决了现有技术中橡胶制品容易霉变,影响正常使用的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于橡塑制品技术领域,涉及一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品及其制备方法。
背景技术
橡胶行业是我国化学工业的重要组成部分,橡胶行业的基本原材料就是天然橡胶和合成橡胶,为了制造出符合实际使用性能要求的橡胶制品,改善加工工艺性能,必须加入各种化学加工助剂。目前一般生产橡塑制品使用丁腈橡胶和聚氯乙烯树脂为主体材料,添加其他辅助材料高温共混,然后加入硫化剂和发泡剂经过硫化发泡,最终实现橡塑制品的制备,但是生产的橡塑制品在潮湿环境下容易滋生细菌,大大限制了橡塑制品的使用条件。其中引起物质霉变的主要是霉菌,天然橡胶属于天然高分子物质,其主要成分是聚异戊二烯,但仍然含有少量的蛋白质、脂肪、糖分等有利于霉菌繁殖的物质,对微生物的敏感性较大,易受到霉菌的侵蚀。合成橡胶中由于加入的增塑剂、稳定剂、填充剂、润滑剂等加工助剂,也属于霉菌生长的养分,更易受到霉菌、细菌的攻击,助长霉菌的繁殖,使制品的表面变色、产生斑点甚至出现细孔,从而影响橡胶制品的正常使用。
发明内容
本发明提出一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品及其制备方法,解决了现有技术中的橡胶制品容易霉变,影响正常使用的问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,按质量份数计,包括丁腈橡胶15~20份,聚氯乙烯树脂8~10份,发泡剂7~9份,阻燃剂20~30份,操作油6~8份,抗菌剂1~2份,活性剂0.3~0.5份,硬脂酸0.1~0.3份,防护蜡3~5份,促进剂3~5份,硫化剂0.5~0.8份,炭黑2~3份;所述抗菌剂包括质量比为(1.15-1.34):1:(0.5-0.8)的纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺。
进一步地,所述阻燃剂选自十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、对苯二甲酸锌、氢氧化铝中的一种或两种以上。
进一步地,所述发泡剂选自发泡剂AIBN、发泡剂OBSH、发泡剂H、发泡剂AC中的一种或两种以上。
进一步地,所述操作油选自环烷烃、石蜡油、白油中的一种或两种以上。
进一步地,所述活性剂包括质量比为1:(0.8-1):(1-3)的2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物、氧化镁。
进一步地,所述硫化剂包括质量比为(1.5-3):(0.8-1.2)的过氧化二异丙苯和硫磺。
进一步地,所述促进剂选自促进剂DPG或DOTG。
进一步地,所述防护蜡选自石蜡、混晶蜡、聚乙烯蜡中的一种或两种以上;所述的石蜡中正构烷烃的含量为80%-84.5%,石蜡的熔点为52℃-70℃;混晶蜡中正构烷烃的含量为68%-73%;混晶蜡的熔点为70℃-75℃;聚乙烯蜡的分子量为2000-3000。
上述防霉抗菌橡塑制品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按照上述质量份数准备原料;
B、将丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、炭黑、操作油、抗菌剂、防护蜡、活性剂、硬脂酸投入密炼机共混,待温度达到160-165℃排料至开炼机,开炼机温度降至75-85℃,复炼,开片继续自然冷却存放22-26h;
C、开炼机继续混炼,加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼均匀后出条;
D、出条后通过挤出机挤出成型,送入烘箱进行硫化发泡,烘箱温度为8段递增温度:120℃、125℃、130℃、135℃、140℃、150℃、160℃、178℃,硫化发泡后冷却至室温得到防霉抗菌橡塑制品。
本发明的工作原理及有益效果为:
1、本发明中通过对橡塑制品的配方创造性设计和工艺的结合,共同提高了橡塑制品的防霉抗菌性能和力学性能,其中通过抗菌剂的配方设计和工艺设计,使抗菌因子均匀分布在橡塑制品中,能达到橡塑制品终身防霉抗菌的效果,显著提高了橡塑制品的防霉抗菌性能,。
2、本发明中抗菌剂在密炼中加入,使抗菌因子均匀分布在橡塑制品中,抗菌剂采用纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚与3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺复配,提高了橡塑制品的防霉抗菌性能,在HG/T 4301-2012橡胶防霉性能测试方法中培养32d霉菌,本发明橡塑制品长霉面积仅2%,其中抗菌剂中的2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚与3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺容易吸附呈负电性的各类细菌、病毒,从而抑制和干预了细菌、病毒的酶系统和分裂功能,使细菌、病毒的繁殖功能丧失;纳米金属银刺穿细胞壁与细胞膜外表,进一步使细菌细胞因蛋白质变性,而无法呼吸、代谢和繁殖,直至死亡。试验发现,抗菌剂采用纳米金属银、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚复配时,制备得到的橡塑制品在霉菌试验中起皱鼓包,抗菌剂在制品表面易析出,导致橡塑制品培养霉菌试验32d天的防霉性能下降,发霉面积达30%,为此本发明通过大量研究,在活性剂中加入了2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物与氧化镁复配,提高了橡塑制品培养霉菌试验32d天的防霉性能,使长霉面积下降为2%。
3、本发明中通过活性剂与其他组分的搭配设计,提高了橡塑制品的力学性能,橡塑制品的拉伸强度达25.43MPa,断裂伸长达率635%。其中2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物与氧化镁协同作用,提高了橡胶的拉伸长度和断裂伸长率,提高了硫化过程交联密度和稳定性,还同时减少了橡胶大分子中硬脂酸、防护蜡、操作油、阻燃剂等其他助剂的迁移,避免了与表面霉菌的吸附接触,也防止了抗菌剂的析出,从而提高抗菌性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。下属所用丁腈橡胶牌号为N41,,炭黑为N330。
实施例1
一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,按质量份数计,包括丁腈橡胶15份,聚氯乙烯树脂10份,发泡剂OBSH 7份,阻燃剂十溴二苯醚30份,操作油石蜡油6份,抗菌剂2份,活性剂0.3份,硬脂酸0.3份,防护蜡混晶蜡3份,促进剂DPG 5份,硫化剂0.5份,炭黑3份。
其中硫化剂包括质量比为1.5:1.2的过氧化二异丙苯和硫磺;晶蜡中正构烷烃的含量为68%-73%;混晶蜡的熔点为70℃-75℃。
抗菌剂包括质量比为1.15:1:0.8的纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺。
活性剂包括质量比为1:0.8:3的2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物、氧化镁。
上述防霉抗菌橡塑制品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按照上述质量份数准备原料;
B、将丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、炭黑、操作油、抗菌剂、防护蜡、活性剂、硬脂酸投入密炼机共混,待温度达到160℃排料至开炼机,开炼机温度降至85℃,复炼,开片继续自然冷却存放24h;
C、开炼机继续混炼,加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼均匀后出条;
D、出条后通过挤出机挤出成型,送入烘箱进行硫化发泡,烘箱温度为8段递增温度:120℃、125℃、130℃、135℃、140℃、150℃、160℃、178℃,硫化发泡后冷却至室温得到防霉抗菌橡塑制品。
实施例2
一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,按质量份数计,包括丁腈橡胶20份,聚氯乙烯树脂8份,发泡剂AIBN 9份,阻燃剂三氧化二锑20份,操作油环烷烃8份,抗菌剂1份,活性剂0.5份,硬脂酸0.1份,防护蜡聚乙烯蜡5份,促进剂DOTG 3份,硫化剂0.8份,炭黑2份。
其中硫化剂包括质量比为3:0.8的过氧化二异丙苯和硫磺;聚乙烯蜡的分子量为2000-3000。
抗菌剂包括质量比为1.34:1:0.5的纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺。
活性剂包括质量比为1:1:1的2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物、氧化镁。
上述防霉抗菌橡塑制品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按照上述质量份数准备原料;
B、将丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、炭黑、操作油、抗菌剂、防护蜡、活性剂、硬脂酸投入密炼机共混,待温度达到165℃排料至开炼机,开炼机温度降至75℃,复炼,开片继续自然冷却存放26h;
C、开炼机继续混炼,加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼均匀后出条;
D、出条后通过挤出机挤出成型,送入烘箱进行硫化发泡,烘箱温度为8段递增温度:120℃、125℃、130℃、135℃、140℃、150℃、160℃、178℃,硫化发泡后冷却至室温得到防霉抗菌橡塑制品。
实施例3
一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,按质量份数计,包括丁腈橡胶18份,聚氯乙烯树脂9份,发泡剂AC 8份,阻燃剂对苯二甲酸锌25份,操作油白油7份,抗菌剂1.5份,活性剂0.4份,硬脂酸0.2份,石蜡3份,混晶蜡2份,促进剂DPG 4份,硫化剂0.6份,炭黑2.5份。
其中硫化剂包括质量比为2:1的过氧化二异丙苯和硫磺;石蜡中正构烷烃的含量为80%-84.5%,石蜡的熔点为52℃-70℃;混晶蜡中正构烷烃的含量为68%-73%;混晶蜡的熔点为70℃-75℃。
抗菌剂包括质量比为1.2:1:0.6的纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺。
活性剂包括质量比为1:0.9:2的2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物、氧化镁。
上述防霉抗菌橡塑制品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按照上述质量份数准备原料;
B、将丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、炭黑、操作油、抗菌剂、防护蜡、活性剂、硬脂酸投入密炼机共混,待温度达到162℃排料至开炼机,开炼机温度降至80℃,复炼,开片继续自然冷却存放25h;
C、开炼机继续混炼,加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼均匀后出条;
D、出条后通过挤出机挤出成型,送入烘箱进行硫化发泡,烘箱温度为8段递增温度:120℃、125℃、130℃、135℃、140℃、150℃、160℃、178℃,硫化发泡后冷却至室温得到防霉抗菌橡塑制品。
实施例4
一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,按质量份数计,包括丁腈橡胶16份,聚氯乙烯树脂10份,发泡剂AIBN 3份,发泡剂H 4份,阻燃剂十溴二苯醚10份,氢氧化铝20份,操作油环烷烃8份,抗菌剂1份,活性剂0.5份,硬脂酸0.25份,防护蜡聚乙烯蜡4份,促进剂DOTG 5份,硫化剂0.6份,炭黑2.5份。
其中硫化剂包括质量比为2.5:1的过氧化二异丙苯和硫磺;聚乙烯蜡的分子量为2000-3000。
抗菌剂包括质量比为1.3:1:0.6的纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺。
活性剂包括质量比为1:0.9:1.5的2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物、氧化镁。
上述防霉抗菌橡塑制品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按照上述质量份数准备原料;
B、将丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、炭黑、操作油、抗菌剂、防护蜡、活性剂、硬脂酸投入密炼机共混,待温度达到165℃排料至开炼机,开炼机温度降至80℃,复炼,开片继续自然冷却存放22-26h;
C、开炼机继续混炼,加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼均匀后出条;
D、出条后通过挤出机挤出成型,送入烘箱进行硫化发泡,烘箱温度为8段递增温度:120℃、125℃、130℃、135℃、140℃、150℃、160℃、178℃,硫化发泡后冷却至室温得到防霉抗菌橡塑制品。
实施例5
一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,按质量份数计,包括丁腈橡胶15份,聚氯乙烯树脂8份,发泡剂AC 9份,阻燃剂三氧化二锑30份,操作油白油6份,抗菌剂1份,活性剂0.3份,硬脂酸0.1份,石蜡3份,促进剂DOTG 5份,硫化剂0.5份,炭黑2份。
其中硫化剂包括质量比为1.5:0.8的过氧化二异丙苯和硫磺;石蜡中正构烷烃的含量为80%-84.5%,石蜡的熔点为52℃-70℃。
抗菌剂包括质量比为1.2:1:0.8的纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺。
活性剂包括质量比为1:1:1的2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物、氧化镁。
上述防霉抗菌橡塑制品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、按照上述质量份数准备原料;
B、将丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、炭黑、操作油、抗菌剂、防护蜡、活性剂、硬脂酸投入密炼机共混,待温度达到165℃排料至开炼机,开炼机温度降至85℃,复炼,开片继续自然冷却存放26h;
C、开炼机继续混炼,加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼均匀后出条;
D、出条后通过挤出机挤出成型,送入烘箱进行硫化发泡,烘箱温度为8段递增温度:120℃、125℃、130℃、135℃、140℃、150℃、160℃、178℃,硫化发泡后冷却至室温得到防霉抗菌橡塑制品。
对比例1
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于抗菌剂,抗菌剂不包括纳米金属银。
抗菌剂包括质量比为1.15:1:0.8的纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺。
活性剂包括质量比为1:0.8:3的2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物、氧化镁。
对比例2
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于抗菌剂,抗菌剂不包括2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚。
对比例3
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于抗菌剂,抗菌剂不包括纳米金属银和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚。
对比例4
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于活性剂,活性剂不包括2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑。
对比例5
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于活性剂,活性剂不包括5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物。
对比例6
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于活性剂,活性剂不包括2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑和5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物。
应用试验
按照HG/T 4301-2012橡胶防霉性能测试方法对实施例和对比例制备得到的橡塑制品进行防霉性能试验,试验中霉菌培养时间分别为28d、30d、32d,按照GB/T528-2009硫化橡胶或热塑性橡胶拉伸应力应变性能的测定对实施例和对比例进行力学性能测试,结果如表1。
表1防霉性能和力学性能试验结果
由上表1可知,本发明实施例1中抗菌剂采用纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚与3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺复配,制备得到的橡塑制品的在32d才出现长霉情况,长霉面积2%,而对比例1单独采用2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚与3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺复配,制备得到的橡塑制品的在28d时就有长霉情况,32d时长霉面积在25%,对比例2单独采用纳米金属银与3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺复配,制备得到的橡塑制品的在28d时就有长霉情况,32d时长霉面积在30%,对比例3单独采用3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺,制备得到的橡塑制品的在28d时就有长霉情况,32d时长霉面积在40%,可见本发明中抗菌剂采用纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚与3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺复配,提高了橡塑制品的防霉抗菌性能,分析原因为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚与3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺容易吸附呈负电性的各类细菌、病毒,从而抑制和干预了细菌、病毒的酶系统和分裂功能,使细菌、病毒的繁殖功能丧失;纳米金属银刺穿细胞壁与细胞膜外表,进一步使细菌细胞因蛋白质变性,而无法呼吸、代谢和繁殖,直至死亡。
同时试验发现,抗菌剂采用纳米金属银、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚复配时,制备得到的橡塑制品在霉菌试验中起皱鼓包,3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚在制品表面易析出,导致橡塑制品32d天的防霉性能下降(见对比例6,发霉面积为30%),为此本发明通过大量研究,在活性剂中加入了2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物与氧化镁复配。由对比例4、对比例5可知,本发明活性剂中单独采用2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑与氧化镁复配,或者单独采用5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物与氧化镁复配,得到的橡塑制品在霉菌试验32d时发霉面积分别为11%、10%,可见本发明中通过2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物与氧化镁复配,提高了橡塑制品的防霉性能。
抗菌剂采用纳米金属银、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚复配时,制备得到的橡塑制品32d天的防霉性能下降(见对比例6,发霉面积为30%),分析原因还在于:纳米金属银因为颗粒小,安定性不佳,彼此间容易聚集成大颗粒,因此降低抗菌效果,而本发明中加入的氧化镁可以帮助纳米金属银均匀地分散在橡塑制品中,为了验证氧化镁的该效果,本发明还设计了对比例7,对比例7与实施例1相比,区别仅在于对比例7不包括活性剂,将对比例7制备得到的橡塑制品进行霉菌试验,32d的长霉面积在42%,长霉面积大大高于对比例6(橡塑制品32d天的长霉面积30%),可见,本发明中氧化镁可以帮助纳米金属银均匀地分散在橡塑制品中,更好的发挥抗菌效果。
并且由实施例1可知,本发明活性剂中通过加入2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物与氧化镁复配,得到的橡塑制品的拉伸强度25.43MPa,断裂伸长率635%,而对比例4、对比例5中活性剂单独采用2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑或5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物与氧化镁复配,对比例6活性剂采用氧化镁,得到的橡塑制品的拉伸强度分别为21.21MPa、21.18MPa、19.89MPa,断裂伸长率590%、595%、575%。可见本发明活性剂中通过加入2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物与氧化镁复配协同,提高了橡塑制品的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率,使硫化过程交联的密度和稳定性提高,还同时减少了橡胶大分子中硬脂酸、防护蜡、操作油、阻燃剂等其他助剂的迁移,避免了与表面霉菌的吸附接触,也防止了抗菌剂的析出,从而提高抗菌性能。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,其特征在于,按质量份数计,包括丁腈橡胶15~20份,聚氯乙烯树脂8~10份,发泡剂7~9份,阻燃剂20~30份,操作油6~8份,抗菌剂1~2份,活性剂0.3~0.5份,硬脂酸0.1~0.3份,防护蜡3~5份,促进剂3~5份,硫化剂0.5~0.8份,炭黑2~3份;所述抗菌剂包括质量比为(1.15-1.34):1:(0.5-0.8)的纳米金属银、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、3,4,5-三溴水杨酰苯胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,其特征在于,所述阻燃剂选自十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、对苯二甲酸锌、氢氧化铝中的一种或两种以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,其特征在于,所述发泡剂选自发泡剂AIBN、发泡剂OBSH、发泡剂H、发泡剂AC中的一种或两种以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,其特征在于,所述操作油选自环烷烃、石蜡油、白油中的一种或两种以上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,其特征在于,所述活性剂包括质量比为1:(0.8-1):(1-3)的2-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)噻唑、5-苯基-1,3,2,4-二噁噻唑-2-氧化物、氧化镁。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,其特征在于,所述硫化剂包括质量比为(1.5-3):(0.8-1.2)的过氧化二异丙苯和硫磺。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,其特征在于,所述促进剂选自促进剂DPG或DOTG。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品,其特征在于,所述防护蜡选自石蜡、混晶蜡、聚乙烯蜡中的一种或两种以上;所述的石蜡中正构烷烃的含量为80%-84.5%,石蜡的熔点为52℃-70℃;混晶蜡中正构烷烃的含量为68%-73%;混晶蜡的熔点为70℃-75℃;聚乙烯蜡的分子量为2000-3000。
9.一种防霉抗菌橡塑制品的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A、按照权利要求1所述质量份数,准备原料;
B、将丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯树脂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、炭黑、操作油、抗菌剂、防护蜡、活性剂、硬脂酸投入密炼机共混,待温度达到160-165℃排料至开炼机,开炼机温度降至75-85℃,复炼,开片继续自然冷却存放22-26h;
C、开炼机继续混炼,加入硫化剂和促进剂,混炼均匀后出条;
D、出条后通过挤出机挤出成型,送入烘箱进行硫化发泡,烘箱温度为8段递增温度:120℃、125℃、130℃、135℃、140℃、150℃、160℃、178℃,硫化发泡后冷却至室温得到防霉抗菌橡塑制品。
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