CN1115283C - 外置船用驱动发动机 - Google Patents

外置船用驱动发动机 Download PDF

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CN1115283C
CN1115283C CN98120396A CN98120396A CN1115283C CN 1115283 C CN1115283 C CN 1115283C CN 98120396 A CN98120396 A CN 98120396A CN 98120396 A CN98120396 A CN 98120396A CN 1115283 C CN1115283 C CN 1115283C
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extensional shell
freeing pipe
outboard marine
drive shaft
marine drive
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CN1211529A (zh
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水口博
田中充治
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01PCOOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F01P5/06Guiding or ducting air to, or from, ducted fans
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H20/00Outboard propulsion units, e.g. outboard motors or Z-drives; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H20/24Arrangements, apparatus and methods for handling exhaust gas in outboard drives, e.g. exhaust gas outlets
    • B63H20/245Exhaust gas outlets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/004Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 specially adapted for marine propulsion, i.e. for receiving simultaneously engine exhaust gases and engine cooling water
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/12Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 specially adapted for submerged exhausting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B61/00Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
    • F02B61/04Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers
    • F02B61/045Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers for marine engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/16Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/14Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
    • F01N2590/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications for outboard engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/02Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

一种外置船用驱动装置,包括:一个内燃机,一个从所述发动机向下延伸并容纳一个从所述发动机接受旋转动力的驱动轴的延伸壳体,一个连接到所述延伸壳体的下端并容纳一个推进器轴和一个用来把所述驱动轴下端的旋转动力传递到所述推进器轴的齿轮箱,一个在所述延伸壳体内垂直延伸的排气管,该排气管具有连接到所述发动机的排气口的上端和浸在所述延伸壳体内的水中的下端;及一个布置在具有可密封地通过所述排气管下端的所述延伸壳体下部上的主分隔件,其特征在于所述的驱动轴还通过所述的主分隔件。

Description

外置船用驱动发动机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于一个风冷内燃机的外置船用驱动装置。
背景技术
为减轻重量,对于小型外置船用驱动装置而言,采用风冷内燃机是有利的。由于发动机排出的废气处于高温,因此防止废气热量加热外置船用驱动装置的各种零件是必需的。根据公开在日本实用新案公开号为(kokoku)No.2-13703的发明,一个小水泵布置在垂直驱动轴的下端,从而把水供到邻近排气口的延伸壳体的上部。但是这使得结构复杂,因此增加了制造费用。而且水泵引起了相应的发动机的输出损失。
发明内容
由于现有技术存在这些问题,所以本发明的主要目的是提供一种风冷内燃机的外置船用驱动装置,它可消除热废气的不良影响,且不使结构复杂,也不增加制造成本。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种风冷内燃机的外置船用驱动装置,它能有效地防止废气流回发动机空间。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种风冷内燃机的外置船用驱动装置,即使在发动机不着火时也可防止水流回排气管。
根据本发明,上述目的和其它目的可通过提供一种如下装置来实现。一种外置船用驱动装置,包括:一个内燃机,一个从所述发动机向下延伸并容纳一个从所述发动机接受旋转动力的驱动轴的延伸壳体,一个连接到所述延伸壳体的下端并容纳一个推进器轴和一个用来把所述驱动轴下端的旋转动力传递到所述推进器轴的齿轮箱,一个在所述延伸壳体内垂直延伸的排气管,该排气管具有连接到所述发动机的排气口的上端和浸在所述延伸壳体内的水中的下端;及一个布置在具有可密封地通过所述排气管下端的所述延伸壳体下部上的主分隔件,其特征在于所述的驱动轴还通过所述的主分隔件。
因此延伸壳体与废气之间绝热良好。在这方面,最好形成一个由耐热和绝热材料制成的分隔件。该排气管一般很长,这就有利于在靠近它下端的地方来支撑该排气管部分。弹性材料特别有利,因为它不仅仅提高了排气管相对于延伸壳体的位置准确度误差而且提供了一种防止排气管振动的良好缓冲效果。此外当驱动轴通过这个分隔件时,最好在安装该驱动轴的该分隔件上形成的孔内装上一个一般由耐磨金属或合金制成的套。该分隔件还有防止废气通过延伸壳体的内部流回发动机空间的功能。
根据本发明的一个实施例,一个辅助开口布置在位于水上方的排气管部分上,辅助分隔件形件成于延伸壳体从而把排气管的辅助开口与辅助开口上方的延伸壳体的内部分开。在这种情况下,一个怠速排出孔一般布置在邻近排气管的辅助开口的延伸壳体部分上从而把该延伸壳体内部连通到大气中。该辅助开口防止排气管、该排气管可防止发动机的稳定怠速运转、产生过大的背压。借助与延伸壳体成一体形成的辅助分隔件可避免辅助开口排出的废气流回发动机空间。辅助开口还有在发动机不着火时防止水流到排气管的功能。一个膨胀室件可连接到延伸壳体的外表面,从而为怠速排出孔限制出一个膨胀室,因此由于从怠速排出孔排出废气从而使噪声减少到最小。
现在参照附图在下面描述本发明。
附图说明
图1是体现本发明的外置船用驱动装置的局部剖示侧视图;
图2是围绕主分隔件部分的局部剖视图;
图3是围绕排气管的辅助开口部分的局部侧剖视图;
图4是沿着图3的IV-IV线的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1是整体表示体现本发明的外置船用驱动装置的侧视图。该外置船用驱动装置1适合于连接到带有一个具有紧固功能的后部支撑2的船(在图中未示出)的横梁上。旋转壳体4通过水平延伸并穿过船的宽度的翻转轴3连接到后部支撑2上。旋转壳体4本身支撑一个内部容纳垂直延伸的驱动轴5的管状延伸壳体6。旋转壳体4允许外置船用驱动装置的主体相对于后部支撑2或者该船绕着垂直的操纵轴旋转360度。
延伸壳体6的上端连接到内燃机7上,延伸壳体6的下端连接到容纳有推进器轴9和用来把来自驱动轴5的下端的旋转动力传递到推进器轴9的锥形齿轮机构8的齿轮箱10。
发动机7由带一根垂直曲轴的、空冷、单缸、四冲程内燃机所构成,该发动机通常由相互可拆卸地连接在一起的底壳11和发动机罩12所盖住。这个发动机的缸盖以角度稍稍地偏向一侧地朝向后部。这个发动机7的曲轴32(图2)的下端通过一种公知的离心式离合器装置13连接到该驱动轴5的上端上。底壳11连接到离心式离合器装置13的壳体底面上,因此在底壳11仍连接在发动机7上的同时可拆去发动机罩12。
离心式离合器装置13的壳体布置有一个伸出底壳11的支架(在图中未示出),这个支架的自由端连接到可在水平面上转动的操纵杆14上。因此通过改变操纵杆14的角度,外置船用驱动装置的主体可绕着用来操纵该船的垂直轴转动。操纵杆14的自由端布置有用来操纵发动机7的化油器(图中未示出)的节流阀的节流阀手柄15。当通过适当地转动节流阀手柄15使发动机7的旋转速度提高到超出某一速度时,离心式离合器装置13接合,从而把曲轴的旋转动力通过驱动轴5和推进器轴9传递到推进器16。
排气管17有一个连接到缸体的排气口上的上端17a,该排气管从发动机空间沿着弯道延伸到延伸壳体6。排气管17的下端17b终止于邻近延伸壳体6的下端16b的位置。排气管17在延伸壳体6的内部与驱动轴5基本上平行地延伸,并且下端17b由环形主分隔件18来支撑,该环形主分隔件由弹性材料制成并装到在延伸壳体6的下端6b处限制出的孔内。一个进口19布置在邻近缸体的排气管17的弯曲部分上,并用来安装取样器,从而分析排气成份。
发动机7的废气从排气管17的下端17b排出,并通常从在延伸壳体6与齿轮箱10之间的界面上限制出的开口20排到水中。然后该废气在水中借助于推进器16所产生的水流推向后面。因为延伸壳体6的内部6a通过主分隔件18与它的下端部分分开,故可防止废气在延伸壳体6内部向上流动。
参照图2,主分隔件18布置有各自用来通过驱动轴5和排气管17的驱动轴安装孔21和排气管安装孔22。驱动轴安装孔21装有一个由烧结合金制成并可旋转地支撑驱动轴5的套23。套23可由任何耐磨材料制成。排气管安装孔22布置有若干环形凸起24从而安装具有一定弹性并提高了绝热能力的排气管17的下端。由于主分隔件18本身由弹性材料制成,因此它可通过变形来允许延伸壳体6、驱动轴5和排气管17的相对位置的误差。
参照图3,紧紧位于旋转壳体4下方的排气管17部分布置有斜对地通过排气管17的辅助开口25。辅助分隔件26形成于直接位于辅助开口25上方的延伸壳体6的内部6a部分上并与延伸壳体6成一体。该辅助分隔件26也布置有各自用来可密封地通过驱动轴5和排气管17的驱动轴安装孔27和排气管安装孔28。一个用来把延伸壳体6的内部6a连通到外部的怠速排出孔29形成于位于辅助分隔件26和辅助开口25两者之间的垂直延伸壳体6的一部分上。
参照图3和4,膨胀室件30环绕布置有怠速排出孔29的延伸壳体6的部分布置。膨胀室件30通过接合两个半圆柱体30a和30b来形成并使之成为一个完整的圆柱体形状,并通过舌状物31和布置在相对边缘上的相应的槽32的接合使之安装就位。同样,通过把在其中的一半30a的内表面上形成的向着内部的突起35装进在延伸壳体6的外表面上突出的凸起33上所形成的凹口34内,使膨胀室件30牢牢地安装就位从而防止了轴向和圆周方向上的移动。两半30a和30b的接合还可通过如把两半相互用螺栓来接合和各自把这两半连接到延伸壳体6上的其它布局来实现。
膨胀室件30布置有若干肋36并限制出若干由这些肋36与延伸壳体6的外表面共同分开的多个室。这些室通过布置在肋36上的凹槽37来相互适当地连通。膨胀室件30的下端限制出相对于延伸壳体6的外表面的小间隙38。
当发动机7处于怠速且排气管17的下端17b浸在水中时,废气背压太高以致发动机不能以稳定工况怠速运转。但是,根据这种布置,由于废气还从辅助开口25排出,因此发动机7即使在这种情况下也能以稳定工况怠速运转。由于废气通过在膨胀室件30内部限制出的膨胀室排出到大气,因此使废气噪声减少到最小。辅助开口25排出的废气最初进入延伸壳体6的内部6A,但是由于延伸壳体6的内部6a的从上部由辅助分隔件26所关闭,因此可防止辅助开口25来的废气流回发动机空间。这个辅助开口25还起这样的作用:在发动机不着火的情况下通过把辅助开口25来的空气吸入排气管17而防止水流入排气管17。
因此,根据本发明,在不需要任何特殊冷却布置的情况下,延伸壳体与废气绝热。尽管根据优选的实施例描述了本发明,但是在没有脱离附加的权利要求书所限定的本发明范围内进行各种替换和变型对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲是显而易见的。

Claims (6)

1.一种外置船用驱动装置,包括:
一个内燃机,
一个从所述发动机向下延伸并容纳一个从所述发动机接受旋转动力的驱动轴的延伸壳体,
一个连接到所述延伸壳体的下端并容纳一个推进器轴和一个用来把所述驱动轴下端的旋转动力传递到所述推进器轴的齿轮箱,
一个在所述延伸壳体内垂直延伸的排气管,该排气管具有连接到所述发动机的排气口的上端和浸在所述延伸壳体内的水中的下端;及
一个布置在具有可密封地通过所述排气管下端的所述延伸壳体下部上的主分隔件,
其特征在于所述的驱动轴还通过所述的主分隔件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外置船用驱动装置,其特征在于所述主分隔件包括一个装进所述延伸壳体的内孔的弹性分隔件,并具有一个安装所述排气管的所述下端的孔。
3.根据权利要求2所述的外置船用驱动装置的排气系统,其特征在于所述驱动轴通过一个布置在装有一个由较硬材料制成的套的所述弹性分隔件上的孔。
4.根据权利要求1所述的外置船用驱动装置,其特征在于一个辅助开口布置在位于水上面的所述排气管部分上,一个辅助分隔件形成于所述的延伸壳体上从而把所述排气管的所述辅助开口与位于所述辅助开口上方的所述延伸壳体的内部分开。
5.根据权利要求4所述的外置船用驱动装置,其特征在于一个怠速排出孔布置在邻近所述排气管的所述辅助开口的所述延伸壳体部分上从而把所述延伸壳体的内部与大气连通。
6.根据权利要求5所述的外置船用驱动装置,其特征在于还包括一个连接到所述延伸壳体的外表面上从而为所述怠速排出孔限制出一个膨胀室的膨胀室件。
CN98120396A 1997-09-12 1998-09-14 外置船用驱动发动机 Expired - Lifetime CN1115283C (zh)

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JP248945/1997 1997-09-12
JP24894597A JP3978265B2 (ja) 1997-09-12 1997-09-12 船外機の排気通路
JP248945/97 1997-09-12

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JP4575229B2 (ja) * 2005-04-26 2010-11-04 本田技研工業株式会社 船外機
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JP3978265B2 (ja) 2007-09-19
CN1211529A (zh) 1999-03-24
HK1018427A1 (en) 1999-12-24
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EP0902173A2 (en) 1999-03-17
EP0902173B1 (en) 2002-11-27

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