CN111512937A - Timely irrigation system - Google Patents
Timely irrigation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111512937A CN111512937A CN202010401084.5A CN202010401084A CN111512937A CN 111512937 A CN111512937 A CN 111512937A CN 202010401084 A CN202010401084 A CN 202010401084A CN 111512937 A CN111512937 A CN 111512937A
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- water
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/162—Sequential operation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a timely irrigation system which comprises a water delivery device, at least one water storage device and at least one emitter device, wherein one end of the water delivery device is communicated with at least one water distribution pipeline through a water delivery pipeline, each water distribution pipeline is communicated with at least one water storage device through a water inlet pipe, a ball float valve is arranged between each water storage device and the water inlet pipe and is arranged in the water storage device, the ball float valve is used for controlling the water level in the water storage device, the water delivery device is used for introducing water into the water storage devices, each water storage device is provided with at least one emitter device, each emitter device comprises a permeable soil column, and plants absorb water in the water storage devices through the permeable soil columns. The invention separates the long-distance positive pressure water delivery device from the negative pressure irrigator device for the self-adaptive irrigation of plants by taking the water storage device as a medium, realizes an irrigation mode that the intermittent long-distance positive pressure water delivery and the negative pressure self-adaptive continuous irrigation of plants coexist, and can really realize the self-adaptive irrigation of the triggering water demand of the plant root system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, in particular to a timely irrigation system.
Background
The development of the efficient water-saving irrigation technology is an effective way and a fundamental way for solving the water resource shortage in northwest regions. At present, the most water-saving irrigation modes are micro-irrigation in various forms, which mainly comprise Israel overground drip irrigation, underground infiltrating irrigation (including micro-irrigation and trace irrigation), negative pressure irrigation and the like, but the micro-irrigation modes have various technical defects. 1) The drip irrigation is most widely applied on Israel ground, and the main problems are as follows: the method belongs to intermittent irrigation, can not realize self-adaptive irrigation, has extremely high requirement on water quality, short laying distance of capillary pipes (50-80m), large evaporation loss on the ground surface and easy blockage of drippers; the pipe laying on the ground surface affects the mechanical operation in the field and the like. 2) Continuous irrigation can be realized to the underground filtration irrigation, but can not realize that plant roots need water to trigger self-adaptation irrigation, and require to be higher to the quality of water, need 120 to give other care that 200 mesh special filter equipment, drippers are changeed and are blockked up, especially root system block up the emitter. 3) Negative pressure irrigation is the only self-adaptive irrigation technology which can realize the touch of water demand of plants at present, but has high requirement on the water delivery closure of the irrigation emitters, the irrigation emitters of the pottery clay pot are easy to block, all the irrigation emitters need to be ensured to be installed at the same horizontal height, long-distance water delivery cannot be realized through negative pressure water delivery, and the application range at present is only limited to small-area tests or pilot-scale test stages such as potted plants, greenhouses and the like. The above technical problems have been the bottleneck in the development and application of the traditional micro-irrigation technology (including israel drip irrigation, underground deep irrigation and negative pressure irrigation). Theoretically, the most water-saving irrigation mode is root system triggered adaptive irrigation, the only technology which can realize plant adaptive irrigation at present is negative pressure irrigation, but when the system is applied in a large area, the capillary water delivery process can deliver water for a long distance only by pressurization, the existing negative pressure irrigation system cannot simultaneously solve the contradiction of positive and negative pressure, water-saving irrigation can be carried out only by adjusting irrigation time, working pressure and water flow of drippers, and the plant adaptive irrigation is difficult to really realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a timely irrigation system, which separates a long-distance positive-pressure water delivery device from a negative-pressure irrigator device for plant self-adaptive irrigation by taking a water storage device as a medium, realizes an irrigation mode of coexistence of intermittent long-distance positive-pressure water delivery and plant negative-pressure self-adaptive continuous irrigation, and can really realize self-adaptive irrigation of plant root system triggering water demand.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a timely irrigation system which comprises a water delivery device, at least one water storage device and at least one emitter device, wherein one end of the water delivery device is communicated with at least one water distribution pipeline through a water delivery pipeline, each water distribution pipeline is communicated with at least one water storage device through a water inlet pipe, a ball float valve is arranged between each water storage device and the water inlet pipe, each ball float valve is arranged in the corresponding water storage device and used for controlling the water level in the corresponding water storage device, the water delivery device is used for introducing water into the corresponding water storage device, at least one emitter device is arranged in each water storage device, each emitter device comprises a permeable soil column, and plants absorb water in the corresponding water storage device through the corresponding permeable soil column.
Preferably, the water delivery device comprises a water source and a filter, the water source is communicated with the filter through a pipeline, and the filter is communicated with the water delivery pipeline.
Preferably, a valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water source and the filter.
Preferably, the water storage device is a water storage tank, an exhaust pipe is arranged on a tank cover of the water storage tank, the exhaust pipe is connected with the tank cover in a sealing mode, one end of the exhaust pipe extends into the tank cover, and the other end of the exhaust pipe extends out of the ground.
Preferably, an oil dipstick is inserted into the exhaust pipe, one end of the oil dipstick extends into the bottom of the water storage tank, and the other end of the oil dipstick extends out of the exhaust pipe.
Preferably, the emitter device includes the pipe of watering, the pipe of watering with water storage device sealing connection, the pipe of watering includes infiltration earth pillar section and the gravel section that top-down set gradually, infiltration earth pillar section intussuseption is filled with infiltration soil, the gravel section is filled with the gravel, the gravel section the pipe wall of pipe of watering evenly is provided with a plurality of apertures, the upper shed of pipe of watering covers and has the filtration screen cloth.
Preferably, the diameter of the small hole is 0.5-2mm, the filter screen cloth is 200-400 meshes, the diameter of the gravel is 2-5mm, and the height of the gravel segment is 3-8 cm.
Preferably, the length of the water storage tank is 50-100cm, the width of the water storage tank is 20-50cm, the height of the water storage tank is 20-50cm, and the wall thickness of the water storage tank is 2-4 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
when the timely irrigation system is used, the water storage device and the irrigator device are arranged below a plant root system layer, water is introduced into the water storage device through the water delivery device, when the water level reaches the position of the ball float valve, the ball float valve is automatically closed, the water delivery device stops introducing water, the root system of a plant absorbs the water in the water storage device through the soil and a permeable soil column in the irrigator device by utilizing the capillary action, when the water level in the water storage device is lower than the position of the ball float valve, the ball float valve is automatically opened, and the water delivery device introduces water into the water storage device again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a timely irrigation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the water storage device and emitter device of the present invention;
wherein: 1-valve, 2-filter, 3-water pipeline, 4-water dividing pipeline, 5-water storage device, 6-irrigator device, 7-water inlet pipe, 8-ball float valve, 9 water storage tank, 10-penetrating soil column segment, 11-gravel segment, 12-exhaust pipe, 13-dipstick, 14-filter screen cloth and 15-tank cover.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a timely irrigation system, which separates a long-distance positive-pressure water delivery device from a negative-pressure irrigator device for plant self-adaptive irrigation by taking a water storage device as a medium, realizes an irrigation mode of coexistence of intermittent long-distance positive-pressure water delivery and plant negative-pressure self-adaptive continuous irrigation, and can really realize self-adaptive irrigation of plant root system triggering water demand.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-2: the embodiment provides a timely irrigation system, including water delivery device, at least one water storage device 5 and at least one emitter device 6, water delivery device's one end is passed through conduit 3 and is linked together with at least one branch water pipe 4, there is at least one water storage device 5 through inlet tube 7 intercommunication on each branch water pipe 4, be provided with ball-cock assembly 8 between water storage device 5 and the inlet tube 7, ball-cock assembly 8 sets up in water storage device 5, ball-cock assembly 8 is used for controlling the water level in the water storage device 5, water delivery device is used for letting in water to water storage device 5, be provided with at least one emitter device 6 in each water storage device 5, emitter device 6 includes the infiltration earth pillar, the plant passes through the water in the infiltration earth pillar absorption water storage device 5. Water storage device 5 and emitter device 6 are arranged in under the plant roots layer when the timely irrigation system of this embodiment uses, lead to water in the water storage device 5 through water delivery device, when the water level reachd the position of ball-cock assembly 8, ball-cock assembly 8 self-closing, water delivery device stops to lead to water, the root system of plant utilizes the water in capillary action to absorb water storage device 5 through the infiltration earth pillar in soil and the emitter device 6, when the water level in water storage device 5 is less than ball-cock assembly 8's position, ball-cock assembly 8 is automatic to be opened, water delivery device leads to water in water storage device 5 once more.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the water delivery device includes a water source and a filter 2, the water source is communicated with the filter 2 through a pipeline, and the filter 2 is communicated with the water delivery pipeline 3. A valve 1 is arranged on the pipeline between the water source and the filter 2.
In this embodiment, the water storage device 5 is a water storage tank 9, an exhaust pipe 12 is disposed on a tank cover 15 of the water storage tank 9, the exhaust pipe 12 is hermetically connected with the tank cover 15, one end of the exhaust pipe 12 extends into the tank cover 15 and is located above the water level of the float valve 8, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 12 extends out of the ground. An oil dipstick 13 is inserted into the exhaust pipe 12, one end of the oil dipstick 13 extends into the bottom of the water storage tank 9, the other end of the oil dipstick 13 extends out of the exhaust pipe 12, the oil dipstick 13 in the exhaust pipe 12 can monitor the water level in the water storage tank 9 at any time, and if the water source in the water storage tank 9 is sufficient, the soil at the root of the plant can be kept moist without waterlogging; if the water source in the water storage tank 9 is insufficient, faults can be found in time through the dipstick 13, targeted maintenance is carried out on the water storage tank 9 or the emitter device 6, and other water storage tanks 9 or emitter devices 6 cannot be influenced. The length of the water storage tank 9 is 50-100cm, preferably 71cm, the width of the water storage tank 9 is 20-50cm, preferably 34cm, the height of the water storage tank 9 is 20-50cm, preferably 34cm, the wall thickness of the water storage tank 9 is 2-4mm, preferably 2.5mm, the capacity of the water storage tank 9 is about 70 kg, and the actual stored water is about 50 kg.
In this embodiment, according to the difference of planting the plant, can set up a plurality of emitter device 6 in a water storage tank 9, emitter device 6 includes the pipe of watering, the pipe of watering and water storage device 5 sealing connection, the upper end of the pipe of watering and cover 15 parallel and level or stretch out cover 15, the lower extreme of the pipe of watering is located the below of the water level of ball-cock assembly 8 department, the pipe of watering includes infiltration soil column segment 10 and grit section 11 that top-down set gradually, infiltration soil column segment 10 intussuseption is filled with infiltration soil, grit section 11 is filled with the grit, the pipe wall of the pipe of watering of grit section 11 evenly is provided with a plurality of apertures, the upper opening of the pipe of watering covers has filter screen cloth 14. The diameter of the small hole is 0.5-2mm, preferably 1mm, the filter screen cloth 14 is 200-400 meshes, preferably 300 meshes, the root system can be prevented from entering the irrigation pipe, the diameter of the gravel is 2-5mm, preferably 3mm, and the height of the gravel segment 11 is 3-8cm, preferably 5 cm. This embodiment is through soil matric attitude automatically regulated water supply rate, and plant roots absorbs the moisture of soil, and soil becomes dry and makes soil matric attitude rise, and infiltration earth pillar is just through the capillary effect from 9 supplementary root layer soils that absorb water of water storage tank, and automatically regulated water supply speed guarantees that plant roots grows under moist condition for a long time.
In this embodiment, the structure of the float valve 8 is the prior art. When the ball float valve 8 is installed, the float in the valve cavity must be vertically downward, and the water inlet pipe 7 is adapted to the nominal diameter of the ball float valve 8. The water level in the water storage tank 9 is controlled to the ball cock 8, and when the water level declined, the float sunk in the valve cavity of the ball cock 8, opened the pilot hole of the ball cock 8, received the hydraulic effect in the inlet tube 7, opened the sealed face of the ball cock 8, and water just flowed out to the water storage tank 9 from the ball cock 8, and when the water level rose to the control line, the float rose, and the valve cavity was filled with water back ball cock 8 and was closed, stopped supplying water.
Every water storage device 5 of this embodiment inlays as an organic whole with emitter device 6, is in the plant roots layer jointly, through conduit 3 with water source and a plurality of water storage device 5 (including emitter device 6) intercommunication, stores appropriate amount of moisture in the water storage device 5 always, by emitter device 6 slowly last upwards transports and supply the plant roots to absorb. After the water level of the water storage tank 9 is reduced to a certain degree, the ball float valve 8 is automatically opened, water can be delivered to the water storage tank 9 through the water delivery device, after the water is delivered to the water level, the ball float valve 8 is automatically closed, and the water delivery pipeline 3 continues to deliver water to the next water storage tank 9 and the emitter device 6. By adjusting the buried depth of the water storage tank 9 and the height of the permeable soil column, the moisture of the soil in the root layer reaches the optimal condition for plant growth, the plant root system is ensured to grow under the humid condition for a long time, and the optimal growth environment of the root system with proper water, fertilizer, air and heat balance is formed. The irrigator device 6 realizes negative pressure irrigation, can reduce water leakage and inter-plant evaporation loss to the maximum extent, not only ensures the requirement of plants for utilizing water, but also achieves the purpose of saving irrigation water. The timely irrigation system of the embodiment can be arranged at a certain depth below a plant plough layer, is simple to operate, convenient to use and wide in application, and has a remarkable effect in irrigation of deserts, desert regions, trees and economic forests.
The working principle of the embodiment is simple, unnecessary evaporation loss can be avoided, water resources are saved more, the most direct irrigation effect can be achieved, positive-pressure water delivery and negative-pressure irrigation are really realized, the practical value is high, a large amount of water resources can be saved, power is not needed, energy is not consumed, a timely irrigation system is not blocked under any condition, one-time installation is successful, the maintenance cost is low, the manufacturing and production process is simple, the production cost is low, and the installation is also very simple and convenient.
The embodiment has low requirement on the water quality of a water source, and only needs simple filtration (less than or equal to 20 meshes); long-distance water delivery can be realized, and the theory can reach more than 1 kilometer by closing the float valve 8; the problem that the dripper is easy to block in the underground drip irrigation is solved through the water seepage soil column; the problem of difficult low-pressure water delivery and sealing of a negative-pressure irrigation pipeline is solved by the embedding of the water storage tank 9 and the irrigator device 6; through the separation of the water storage tank 9 and the water delivery device, the contradiction between intermittent water supply and continuous irrigation is solved; the problem of root clogging of the emitter device 6 is solved by a 300-mesh filter screen cloth 14.
The method for planting the haloxylon ammodendron in the desert comprises the following steps:
planting the shuttlecock seedlings, digging a pit with the depth of 70cm, placing a water storage device 5 and a douche device 6 at the bottom of the pit, filling 5-10cm of soil, placing the shuttlecock seedlings on the pit in an inclined manner, digging some wet soil from the other side to cover the root system of the shuttlecock, well putting the seedlings layer by layer, burying the soil layer by layer, and finally compacting to avoid the problem of air drying; the valve 1 can be opened all the time according to the requirement, and the water storage tank 9 is continuously and automatically filled with water under the control of the ball float valve 8. The timely irrigation system is used for irrigation, so that the root area can be kept in a wet state all the time, and the planting survival rate of the haloxylon ammodendron can be effectively improved. And correspondingly adopt prior art to irrigate, need water once every two days, in the aspect of the growth vigor of shuttle, adopt the timely irrigation system of this embodiment also obviously better than prior art.
Application case two
Fruit tree is planted in the desert, buries the timely irrigation system of this embodiment underground in seedling fruit tree root zone, carries out water-saving irrigation, has saved irrigation time and intensity of labour, is favorable to fruit tree seedling root system to moisture, nutrient absorption and transportation, promotes the seedling growth.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A timely irrigation system, its characterized in that: the water storage device comprises a water delivery device, at least one water storage device and at least one emitter device, wherein one end of the water delivery device is communicated with at least one water distribution pipeline through a water delivery pipeline, each water distribution pipeline is communicated with at least one water storage device through a water inlet pipe, a ball float valve is arranged between each water storage device and the water inlet pipe and is arranged in the water storage device, the ball float valve is used for controlling the water level in the water storage device and is used for introducing water into the water storage devices, at least one emitter device is arranged in each water storage device and comprises a permeable soil column, and plants absorb the water in the water storage devices through the permeable soil column.
2. The timely irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water delivery device comprises a water source and a filter, the water source is communicated with the filter through a pipeline, and the filter is communicated with the water delivery pipeline.
3. The timely irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water source and the filter.
4. The timely irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water storage device is a water storage tank, an exhaust pipe is arranged on a tank cover of the water storage tank, the exhaust pipe is connected with the tank cover in a sealing mode, one end of the exhaust pipe extends into the tank cover, and the other end of the exhaust pipe extends out of the ground.
5. The timely irrigation system according to claim 4, wherein: an oil dipstick is inserted into the exhaust pipe, one end of the oil dipstick extends into the bottom of the water storage tank, and the other end of the oil dipstick extends out of the exhaust pipe.
6. The timely irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the irrigator device comprises an irrigation pipe, the irrigation pipe is connected with the water storage device in a sealing mode, the irrigation pipe comprises a permeable soil column section and a gravel section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, permeable soil is filled in the permeable soil column section, gravel is filled in the gravel section, a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in the pipe wall of the irrigation pipe of the gravel section, and a filter screen cloth covers the upper opening of the irrigation pipe.
7. The timely irrigation system according to claim 6, wherein: the diameter of the small hole is 0.5-2mm, the filter screen cloth is 200-400 meshes, the diameter of the gravel is 2-5mm, and the height of the gravel section is 3-8 cm.
8. The timely irrigation system according to claim 4, wherein: the length of the water storage tank is 50-100cm, the width of the water storage tank is 20-50cm, the height of the water storage tank is 20-50cm, and the wall thickness of the water storage tank is 2-4 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010401084.5A CN111512937B (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Timely irrigation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010401084.5A CN111512937B (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Timely irrigation system |
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| CN111512937A true CN111512937A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| CN111512937B CN111512937B (en) | 2022-03-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114009318A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-08 | 山东农业大学 | Underground microtube irrigation system capable of adjusting wetting range |
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| US10159203B1 (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-12-25 | Mark E. Ogram | Irrigation system |
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| CN2870448Y (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-02-21 | 河北省农林科学院遗传生理研究所 | Negative-pressure leakage-controlled micro-irrigator |
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