CN111501683A - Method for treating Feng river by using hydraulic steel dam gate - Google Patents
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- CN111501683A CN111501683A CN202010194498.5A CN202010194498A CN111501683A CN 111501683 A CN111501683 A CN 111501683A CN 202010194498 A CN202010194498 A CN 202010194498A CN 111501683 A CN111501683 A CN 111501683A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/20—Movable barrages; Lock or dry-dock gates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/20—Movable barrages; Lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B7/54—Sealings for gates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating the Feng river by using a hydraulic steel dam gate, which introduces the application of the hydraulic steel dam gate in the comprehensive treatment engineering of the Feng river by combining meteorological, hydrological and geological conditions of the Feng river basin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for treating a river Feng by using a hydraulic steel dam gate.
Background
The comprehensive treatment of the Feng river in the New region of the West of Shanxi province in Feng river in Wei river south coast in the second period of engineering is in the middle of the Honghuan plain in Qinling mountain, belongs to a moderate-latitude warm-temperate zone semi-humid continental monsoon climate region, has the annual average precipitation amount of 806.6mm in a drainage basin and uneven time-space distribution, and accounts for more than 50% of the annual precipitation amount in three months of 7, 8 and 9. The river bed and the flood beach of the Feng river at the section are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and the river on the two sides grows intermittently at all levels. The riverbed mainly comprises medium coarse sand, has a large average permeability coefficient of about 6.91m/d, and has a large thickness of a permeable layer. The upper reaches of the engineering control range are from the Western Han high-speed bridge to the G310 national road bridge, and the distance from the upstream to the Shanghai city is 25.0 km. The engineering is mainly to construct a flood control engineering, and the landscape water surface engineering is laid in the main tank on the basis of ensuring the flood-carrying capacity of the river channel, so that the length of the river channel is controlled to be 8.7 km. The grade of the embankment engineering is I grade, the engineering is fortified by the flood as soon as the river Feng takes 100 years, and the fortification flow is 1820m3/s。
The existing river-blocking and water-storage dam mainly comprises a river-blocking gate, a rolling dam, a rubber dam, a flap gate, a hydraulic dam, an air shield dam and the like. The river sluice scheme needs to be provided with a porous flat plate or an arc gate, so that the reliability is high, the engineering investment is large, the water blocking area is large, the flood level of an upstream river section is raised, and the embankment investment is increased; the construction of the rolling dam is simple, but riverbeds on the dam can be gradually silted, so that the water storage function is lost, the flood level is raised, and the investment of the upstream road-to-road flood control project is obviously increased; the rubber dam is widely applied to flood control, irrigation and urban beautification, and has the advantages of convenient management, beautiful landscape, full collapse of the dam surface during flood discharge, contribution to river channel flood discharge, obvious reduction of the investment of upstream flood control projects, and about 20 years of normal service life, but the dam bag is easy to be damaged by impact objects, and the dam bag is abraded by coarse-grained sand in water during flood discharge, so that the dam lifting time is long, and great difficulty is brought to the joint scheduling of a plurality of water-blocking dams on the river channel; the hydraulic automatic control flap gate has the advantages of strong flow capacity, convenient manufacture, convenient management and the like, but the flap gate has the problems that the flap gate is easily blocked by floaters or the upstream silt is deposited to cause the automatic flap gate to be difficult to turn over so as to influence the flood control safety and the like. The time for lifting the air shield dam is about 30-50 minutes, but the inflatable bag needs to be imported from abroad, so the construction cost is high, the later maintenance period is long, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a method for treating the river Feng by utilizing a hydraulic steel dam gate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for treating the Feng river by using a hydraulic steel dam gate comprises the following steps:
1) treatment of foundations
Surveying a riverbed and two side flood beaches, performing a standard penetration test on a dam site, leveling a current state questioning groove at the dam site according to the requirements of building earthquake resistance design specifications, excavating surface soil under the foundation of the hydraulic steel dam, backfilling by using graded broken stones, wherein the maximum backfilling height is 2.1 m;
2) dam foundation seepage-proofing method
And (3) adopting vertical plastic paving seepage-proofing cutoff leakage channels for the dam foundation, and vertically paving plastic to penetrate into the powdery clay layer, wherein the bottom elevation is 380.00 m. According to the requirements of seepage prevention, scour prevention and stability, arranging a reinforced concrete cover at the upstream of a hydraulic dam bottom plate, wherein the length of the cover along the water flow direction is 10.0m, and the thickness of the cover is 0.3 m; combining the integral seepage prevention and seepage stability requirements of the water storage area, and vertically paving plastic at the bottom of the water storage area for seepage prevention;
3) design of dam bottom plate elevation, dam height and dam length
The hydraulic dam bottom plate top elevation is adapted to the riverbed scouring balance elevation; the river bottom elevation of the section of the Feng river entering the Wei river is determined according to the elevation of the south beach of the Wei river, and the value of the river bottom elevation is 377.00 m;
the erosion-silt balance ratio of the upper river section of the river flood engineering (namely the section from the 1+400 of the Feng river to the 5+400 of the Feng river) is reduced to 0.67 percent, the erosion-silt balance ratio of the lower river section of the river flood engineering (namely the section from the 5+400 of the Feng river to the 14+561 of the Feng river) is reduced to 0.60 percent, the river bottom elevation 377.00m designed on the section from the Feng river into the Wei mouth is taken as a starting point, the river channel ratio reduction in the relative equilibrium state of the erosion-silt of the river channel is determined, and the designed river bottom elevation at the dam site is determined to be 389.50 m;
taking the height of a dam bottom plate to be 389.50 m; the normal water storage level of the dam is 393.00m, the dam height is 3.5m, and the backwater length is 3.7 km;
the width of the dam needs to be combined with planning and requires that the water surface landscape in the river and the Feng river form a high-quality water landscape system surrounding the central area of the city by using an east peripheral artificial water system, a small amount of beach land is excavated to form a river channel water surface with the width of about 80.0m-150.0m, the length of the dam is determined to be 102.0m according to the arrangement of a river channel dike line and a beach trough line, and the side piers on two sides are respectively 1.2m wide.
The dam adopts underflow energy dissipation, and the front of the stilling basin is connected with a hydraulic dam bottom plate through a slope of 1: 5.0; the depth of the stilling pool is 1.8 m; the length of the horizontal section of the stilling pool is 21.0m, and the bottom plate of the stilling pool is made of C25 reinforced concrete with the thickness of 1.0 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the hydraulic steel dam gate is used for comprehensively renovating the Feng river, the hydraulic lifting dam is used as a novel flap dam, and the mechanical structure is scientific; can be assembled in an infinite width mode, and gate piers do not need to be arranged between panels, so that the river channel with various widths is suitable. The bottom of the panel is used as a hinged shaft, the panel is tightly attached to a riverbed after being collapsed, the flood discharge effect is good, and the panel is not influenced by silt and floating objects; the flow regulation and control are more convenient and fast, and the single-panel operation and the zone control can be realized; any floating object can be quickly flushed to the downstream by arranging part of the door bodies to be lodged, so that the floating flood cannot be influenced by silting and blocking; the dam body is fast to lift, and flood control safety dispatching is easy. The hydraulic lifting dam keeps the advantages of the conventional movable dam on the basis of overcoming the main defects of the conventional movable dam, is a low-head river-blocking building with high cost performance, and is worth reference and popularization in urban river water environment treatment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments:
the invention relates to comprehensive treatment of the Feng river in the New region of the Shanxi province in Shanxi province, in the middle of the Feng river at the Qinling mountain forestage Honghua plain at the Wei river south bank in the II period, which belongs to a moderate-latitude warm-temperate zone semi-humid continental monsoon climate region, wherein the annual average precipitation of a drainage basin is 806.6mm, the spatial-temporal distribution is uneven, and the precipitation of the drainage basin accounts for more than 50% all the year in three months of 7, 8 and 9. The river bed and the flood beach of the Feng river at the section are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and the river on the two sides grows intermittently at all levels. The riverbed mainly comprises medium coarse sand, has a large average permeability coefficient of about 6.91m/d, and has a large thickness of a permeable layer. The distance from the upstream of the engineering control range to the Western Han high-speed bridge and the downstream to the G310 national road bridge is 25.0km from the Chengyang city. The engineering is mainly to construct a flood control engineering, and the landscape water surface engineering is laid in the main tank on the basis of ensuring the flood-carrying capacity of the river channel, so that the length of the river channel is controlled to be 8.7 km. The grade of the embankment engineering is I grade, the engineering is fortified by the flood as soon as the river Feng takes 100 years, and the fortification flow is 1820m3/s。
The river-blocking and water-storing dam mainly comprises a river-blocking gate, a rolling dam, a rubber dam, a flap gate, a hydraulic dam, an air shield dam and the like.[2]The river sluice scheme needs to be provided with a porous flat plate or an arc gate, so that the reliability is high, the engineering investment is large, the water blocking area is large, the flood level of an upstream river section is raised, and the embankment investment is increased; the construction of the rolling dam is simple, but riverbeds on the dam can be gradually silted, so that the water storage function is lost, the flood level is raised, and the investment of the upstream road-to-road flood control project is obviously increased; the rubber dam is widely applied to flood control, irrigation and urban beautification, and has the advantages of convenient management, beautiful landscape, full collapse of the dam surface during flood discharge, contribution to river flood discharge, and obvious reduction of investment in upstream flood control projectsThe service life is about 20 years, but the dam bag is easily damaged by impact objects, the dam bag is abraded by coarse-grained sand in water during flood traveling, the dam lifting time is long, and great difficulty is brought to joint scheduling of a plurality of water retaining dams on a river channel; the hydraulic automatic control flap gate has the advantages of strong flow capacity, convenient manufacture, convenient management and the like, but the flap gate has the problems that the flap gate is easily blocked by floaters or the upstream silt is deposited to cause the automatic flap gate to be difficult to turn over so as to influence the flood control safety and the like.[1]The time for lifting the air shield dam is about 30-50 minutes, but the inflatable bag needs to be imported from abroad, so the construction cost is high, the later maintenance period is long, and the cost is high.
The hydraulic steel dam is a low-head water retaining structure used in urban river management in recent years. The hydraulic lifting dam is composed of a panel, a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump station and the like. The movable dam face is directly driven by a hydraulic opening and closing system to rotate around the bottom shaft within a certain angle range, and the functions of lifting the dam, retaining water, lowering the dam and discharging flood are realized. The hydraulic power generation device has the advantages of simple structure, flexible operation, superior hydraulic conditions, good durability, easiness in forming waterfall landscape and the like. The hydraulic pressure drop dam has high speed (the dam surface can be lifted within 15 minutes according to the demand), the problem that the rubber dam is long in dam collapse time is solved, and flood safety in flood season is ensured; the water retaining height can be controlled according to flood scheduling, floating objects on the upper stream can be quickly washed away by micro-reduction of partial panels, the water surface is recovered to be clean, flood discharge is smooth, and flood discharge safety in flood season is ensured. Compared with multiple schemes, the performance of the hydraulic dam can better adapt to the functions of flood control and landscape of the river Feng, so that the scheme of the hydraulic steel dam gate is adopted in the structural form of the river Feng.
The specific design scheme is as follows:
1. hydraulic dam floor elevation
The engineering of building the hydraulic dam at the Feng river for storing water and forming a water area has the main function of creating a good ecological environment and a human living environment. In order to reduce the adverse effect on the river channel sluicing balance state and flood passing capability after the construction of a water retaining project, the top elevation of the bottom plate of the hydraulic dam is adapted to the sluicing balance elevation of the river bed.[3]The downstream of the Wei river is a river with silt, and the river entering the Wei river crossing is influenced by backward flowing and silting of flood of the Wei river, so that the river section of the Wei river is silted. From the body fluidConsidering the flood control safety angle at the downstream of the river, the river bottom elevation designed on the section of the Fengriver entering the Weikou is determined according to the elevation of the southern coast of the Wei river, and the value of the river bottom elevation is 377.00 m.
Considering the influences of the prohibition of the back silting of the riverway after sand collection and the backward pouring of the flood of the Wei river according to the actually measured longitudinal section of the Wei river, referring to the river slope five and sixty years before the influences of the sand collection of the riverway, determining the erosion balance ratio drop of loess canyon type river sections (the Feng river 1+400 section to the Feng river 5+400 section) of the western household railways to the Yangcun villages at the upper section of the Feng river surface engineering to be 0.67%, determining the erosion balance ratio drop of the low-beach wide-slot river sections (the Feng river 5+400 section to the Feng river 14+561 section) of the Yangcun-railway bridge at the lower section of the water surface engineering to be 0.60%, and determining the river slope drop in the relative balance state of the erosion of the riverway at the dam site No. 4 to be 389.50m by taking the design river bottom elevation 377.00m of the section of the Feng river entrance section as a starting point.
2. Dam height
As the river channel at the dam site is washed all year round, the river bottom is about 4.0m lower than the upstream of the western style railway bridge, the building protection elevation of the railway bridge bottom is 391.75m under the present situation, the height of the dam bottom plate is 389.50m according to the determined designed river bottom elevation, the normal water storage level of the dam is 393.00m, the height of the dam is 3.5m, and the length of backwater is 3.7km according to the requirement of connection with the upstream natural water surface and the requirement of formation of good landscape water surface by taking the elevation of the upstream beach surface into consideration.
3. Length of dam
The river water bank landscape theme of the treatment section is distinctive, and the river is mainly characterized by clear water, small amount and clear beach grooves, water surface engineering is combined with landscape layout to adopt natural river grooves for water storage, an ecological wetland treatment mode of artificial ecological restoration of beach areas on two sides is combined with a mode of water storage of the ecological garden of the beach and a middle main river groove on the two sides, and the water surface of a water storage area is mainly a natural water surface formed after water storage. The method is combined with river protection engineering to dredge the roads, so that unfavorable river conditions are improved, the flood passing capacity of the main trough is increased, and the aims of ensuring smooth flood passage of the river and improving the river environment are fulfilled. The width of the 4# dam needs to be combined with planning to require that the water surface landscape in the river and the Feng river form a high-quality water landscape system surrounding the central area of the city with an artificial water system at the east periphery, a small amount of beach land is excavated to form a river surface with the width of about 80.0m-150.0m, the length of the 4# dam is 102.0m, and the width of each side pier at two sides is 1.2m according to the arrangement of a river dike line and a beach groove line.
4. Treatment of foundations
By surveying the riverbed and the flood beaches on the two sides and performing a standard penetration test on the dam site, the method judges that the graded poor sand distributed on the 4# dam foundation belongs to earthquake liquefied sandy soil, the thickness is about 2.0m, and the maximum liquefaction depth is 5.0m when the dam is in normal use. According to the building earthquake resistance design code of 4.3.6, no anti-liquefaction measures can be taken for the D-type buildings on the slight and medium liquefaction stratums. The height of the building is not large, the dam foundation is located in a soil layer, and the thickness of the soil layer is 4.0-7.0 m. And (4) combining the analysis, and not processing the slightly and moderately liquefied stratum of the dam foundation at this time. But the base part of the hydraulic dam is arranged in the main river channel, the surface of the dam base is higher than the current river bottom elevation, the current river bottom elevation at the dam site is leveled, the surface soil under the base of the hydraulic dam is dug, and then graded broken stones are used for backfilling, and the maximum backfilling height is 2.1 m.
5. Hydraulic power calculation
And (3) calculating the overcurrent capacity:
according to the design operation condition, the hydraulic dam is in a dam collapse state when the design flood is overflowed, and the calculation is carried out by adopting a wide top weir formula. The overflow capacity of the hydraulic dam under the water retaining operation condition is calculated by adopting a thin-wall weir flow formula according to the operation condition. And (3) according to the control operation condition, the water head at the top of the dam does not exceed 0.5m, when the water head exceeds the value, the hydraulic dam should be laid down for discharge, and the discharge quantity of the dam body is regulated and controlled according to the upstream flood condition.
Hydraulic dam overflow capacity achievement table (design flood)
| Upstream water level (m) | 389.70 | 390.20 | 390.70 | 391.20 | 391.70 | 392.20 |
| Over-current capability (m)3/s) | 0 | 56.9 | 161.6 | 297.2 | 457.7 | 639.8 |
| Upstream water level (m) | 392.70 | 393.20 | 393.70 | 394.20 | 394.70 | 395.20 |
| Over-current capability (m)3/s) | 841.1 | 1059.9 | 1295.0 | 1545.2 | 1810.1 | 2087.9 |
Hydraulic dam overflow capacity achievement table (Water retaining operation)
| Upstream water level (m) | 393.00 | 393.10 | 393.20 | 393.30 | 393.40 | 393.50 |
| Over-current capability (m)3/s) | 0 | 5.8 | 16.3 | 29.9 | 46.0 | 64.4 |
2. Energy dissipation scour protection
Under the condition of flood design, the bottom plate of the dam collapses completely, the blocking effect on water flow is small, the longitudinal connection of the upstream and downstream water surfaces is smooth, and the situation is consistent with the situation of the designed flood water surface line. The more unfavorable and common operating mode to this engineering does: and when the water depth in front of the dam reaches 0.4m of soil at the top of the dam, gradually collapsing the dam and discharging flood, the scouring on the downstream is the most serious, and the length and the depth of the stilling pool are calculated according to the working condition. The dam adopts underflow energy dissipation, and the front of the pool is connected with a hydraulic dam bottom plate through a slope of 1: 5.0. Calculating the depth of the stilling pool to be 1.75m, and designing the stilling pool to be 1.8 m; the calculated length of the horizontal section of the stilling pool is 20.35m, the length of the designed horizontal section of the stilling pool is 21.0m, the calculated thickness of the bottom plate of the stilling pool is 0.96m, and the design adopts C25 reinforced concrete with the thickness of 1.0 m.
6. Dam foundation seepage-proofing method
The problem of the seepage stability of the hydraulic dam mainly occurs in graded poor sand below a dam foundation, the allowable hydraulic ratio J is allowed to be 0.26, the front and rear water head difference delta H at the dam foundation is 6.4m, the base width B is 40.0m, and then the actual ratio J of seepage water flow passing through the dam foundation is reducedFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔH/B＝6.4/40＝0.16，JFruit of Chinese wolfberry＜JAllow forTherefore, the penetration damage can not be generated.[4]
The dam foundation of the hydraulic dam is located on a soil layer and belongs to a medium-weak permeable layer, and the downstream leakage amount of the 4# dam foundation is about 209m without taking engineering seepage-proofing measures after water storage3And d. The dam foundation is vertically paved with plastic to prevent seepage and cut off a seepage channel, and the plastic is vertically paved to penetrate into a powdery clay layer (a weak permeable layer), wherein the bottom elevation is 380.00 m. According to the requirements of seepage prevention, impact prevention and stability, a reinforced concrete cover is arranged at the upstream of a hydraulic dam bottom plate, and the cover is 10.0m long and 0.3m thick along the water flow direction. And combining the requirements of integral seepage prevention and seepage stability of the water storage area, and vertically paving plastic at the bottom of the water storage area for seepage prevention to connect.
According to the invention, the hydraulic steel dam gate is used for comprehensively renovating the Feng river, the hydraulic lifting dam is used as a novel flap dam, the double-triangular hyperstatic structure is adopted, and the mechanical structure is scientific; unlimited width formula equipment need not set up the gate pier between the panel, is applicable to the river course of various widths. The bottom of the panel is used as a hinged shaft, the panel is tightly attached to a riverbed after being collapsed, the flood discharge effect is good, and the panel is not influenced by silt and floating objects; the flow regulation and control are more convenient and fast, and the single-panel operation and the zone control can be realized; any floating object can be quickly flushed to the downstream by arranging part of the door bodies to be lodged, so that the floating flood cannot be influenced by silting and blocking; the dam body is fast to lift, and flood control safety dispatching is easy. The hydraulic lifting dam keeps the advantages of the conventional movable dam on the basis of overcoming the main defects of the conventional movable dam, is a low-head river-blocking building with high cost performance, and is worth reference and popularization in urban river water environment treatment.
Claims (1)
1. A method for controlling a river including the saliva by using a hydraulic steel dam gate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) treatment of foundations
Surveying a riverbed and two side flood beaches, performing a standard penetration test on a dam site, leveling a current state trench at the dam site, excavating surface soil under a hydraulic steel dam foundation, and backfilling with graded broken stones, wherein the backfilling maximum height is 2.1 m;
2) dam foundation seepage-proofing method
Adopting vertical plastic paving seepage-proofing cut-off leakage channels for the dam foundation, and vertically paving plastic to penetrate into the powdery clay layer, wherein the bottom elevation is 380.00 m; according to the requirements of seepage prevention, scour prevention and stability, arranging a reinforced concrete cover at the upstream of a hydraulic dam bottom plate, wherein the length of the cover along the water flow direction is 10.0m, and the thickness of the cover is 0.3 m; combining the integral seepage prevention and seepage stability requirements of the water storage area, and vertically paving plastic at the bottom of the water storage area for seepage prevention;
3) design of dam bottom plate elevation, dam height and dam length
The hydraulic dam bottom plate top elevation is adapted to the riverbed scouring balance elevation; the river bottom elevation of the section of the Feng river entering the Wei river is determined according to the elevation of the south beach of the Wei river, and the value of the river bottom elevation is 377.00 m;
the erosion-siltation balance ratio of the upper river reach of the river reach engineering of the river flood is reduced to 0.67 percent; the erosion-siltation balance ratio drop of the lower river section of the water surface engineering is 0.60%, the river channel ratio drop in the relative equilibrium state of the erosion-siltation of the river channel is determined by taking the designed river bottom elevation 377.00m of the section of the Fengriver entering the Wei mouth as a starting point, and the designed river bottom elevation at the dam site is 389.50 m;
taking the height of a dam bottom plate to be 389.50 m; the normal water storage level of the dam is 393.00m, the dam height is 3.5m, and the backwater length is 3.7 km;
excavating a small amount of beach lands to form river channel water surfaces with the width of about 80.0m to 150.0m, determining the dam length of 102.0m according to the arrangement of river channel dikes and beach groove lines, and respectively determining the width of side piers at two sides of the dam to be 1.2 m;
the dam adopts underflow energy dissipation, and the front of the stilling basin is connected with a hydraulic dam bottom plate through a slope of 1: 5.0; the depth of the stilling pool is 1.8 m; the length of the horizontal section of the stilling pool is 21.0m, and the bottom plate of the stilling pool is made of C25 reinforced concrete with the thickness of 1.0 m.
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Application publication date: 20200807 |