CN107620285A - A kind of a copious, rapid flow of words governing system and method - Google Patents
A kind of a copious, rapid flow of words governing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107620285A CN107620285A CN201710877368.XA CN201710877368A CN107620285A CN 107620285 A CN107620285 A CN 107620285A CN 201710877368 A CN201710877368 A CN 201710877368A CN 107620285 A CN107620285 A CN 107620285A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of a copious, rapid flow of words governing system and method, including：It is arranged in upper river and is capable of the dam of flood discharge in flood season, described dam upstream is provided with the upstream flume with diversion regulator, described upstream flume is connected with the detention basin of middle reaches desertification band, described detention basin is connected with the downstream flume provided with sand surfing regulator, and described downstream flume is connected with the river course of a copious, rapid flow of words section；Described diversion regulator, sand surfing regulator are connected with hydrometric station.Overflow dam diversion of the invention by being set in upstream; the reservoir for accommodating Flood is set in the desert in middle reaches; current are in reservoir after settling silt; downstream river course is introduced, downstream river course is washed away, reduces underwater bed; constantly deposit padded in solution riverbed; double suspended channel is avoided the formation of, plays protection middle and lower reaches key water control project system, extends the effect in the life-span of reservoir and generating equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of a copious, rapid flow of words governing system and method, is a kind of environmental protection and the system and method administered, is
It is a kind of desertification band to be transformed and to the system and method for river course cleaning.
Background technology
In some arids and water erosion, serious area of eroding, serious soil erosion, region septal fossula/river development be present
Strongly, upstream is often more larger than dropping, and water flow dynamic energy is larger, can carry a large amount of silts.Simultaneously as the aggravation of mankind's activity,
Make water resource originally very in short supply more in short supply.Because vegetation lacks in this kind of area, often with desertification, or even formed
Desert, make soil erosion more serious, cause vicious circle.This aspect make locality the deterioration of the ecological environment, while silt to
Downstream is defeated when moving on into river mouth position, and because stream gradient lowers, water flow dynamic energy reduces, and sediment carrying capacity declines, and causes into river mouth
Position severe siltation.With raising for riverbed, make river channel sedimentation, obstruction and damage water conservancy projects, some river courses are traced to the source silt
Product, gradually in tributary section downstream development into " double suspended channel ".So-called " double suspended channel ", it is exactly that " groove is higher than beach, beach higher than back of the body river
The river course form on ground ", even if medium and small flood occurs, major trough is also difficult to accommodate, and necessarily causes great river regime evolution, easily occurs horizontal
River, Xie He, increase the danger of breach.Due to China's Hydrological characteristics, in such arid area, rainwater is often extremely concentrated, short
The high-intensity rainfall of phase produces serious threat to the river course of alluvial, and the major disasters such as breach very easily occur in flood season.Therefore,
While emphasis strengthens regional small watershed comprehensively treating ecological environment, how to strengthen the regulation energy of middle reaches flood sediment
Power, the water resource that arid area is in short supply is made full use of, explore and solve channel sediment deposition, protection water conservancy projects and alleviate in river
The approach of downstream imbalance between supply and demand, it is clear that be the frontier nature problem for being worth theory innovation, science to be planned.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome problem of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of a copious, rapid flow of words governing system and method.Described system
After flowing through sedimentation silt by the water drawn in river course with method, it is introduced back into river course to river channel erosion, it is continuous solves riverbed
Deposit padded, avoid the formation of double suspended channel.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：A kind of method that hanging river is administered, the condition that methods described uses are：
River with a large amount of silts, local annual precipitation concentrate on rainy season, can provide relatively sufficient rainfall, river during rainy season
On stream or middle reaches, which have, to be set intake structure or draws big vast engineering and the geographical conditions of flume, and middle reaches can find detention basin,
Detention basin or to be arranged in the desert in middle reaches either hypsography low-lying permeable or impermeable soil area, downstream are to have been formed
Or a copious, rapid flow of words river course formed；
The step of described method, is as follows：
The big vast engineering of drawing of flood can effectively be guided by being set in upstream, including overflow dam and water-drawing gate；
Suitable low-lying uncultivated area is found in In The Middle Reaches and is used as detention basin；
Flume is built, flood in river course is introduced into detention basin by drawing big vast engineering；
Flood with silt is detained in detention basin, and the silt in flood settles in detention basin, forms sediment deposit, described silt
Lamination can suppress sandy soil layer, or arid soil layer, while effectively supplement the regional water resources, strengthen revegetation ability；
Hydrometric station is set in middle reaches river course, and hydrometric station clear water after sedimentation enters the upstream in river mouth, observes the discharge of riverQ
’Side；
According to Muskingun method, with reference to downstream river course safe trafficQ PeaceCalculate detention basin water outlet control flowQ’Control；
According to what is be calculatedQ’Control, adjust the clear water through sedimentation and be incorporated into a copious, rapid flow of words river course in downstream, to ensure what is washed away safely
Control flow washes away to a copious, rapid flow of words river course, reduces a copious, rapid flow of words bed level of the river.
Further, the control flow washed away safely with guarantee meets following condition：
Q’Control+Q’Side＜Q Peace
A kind of a copious, rapid flow of words governing system for realizing the above method, including：It is arranged in upper river and is capable of the water of flood discharge in flood season
Dam, described dam upstream riverbank one or both sides are provided with the upstream flume with diversion regulator, described upstream diversion
Canal is connected with the detention basin of middle reaches desertification band, and described detention basin is connected with the downstream flume provided with sand surfing regulator, institute
The downstream flume stated is connected with the river course of a copious, rapid flow of words section；Information between described diversion regulator, sand surfing regulator and hydrometric station
Connection.
Further, described dam is overflow dam.
Further, the bottom elevation of described regulating valve is more than the bottom elevation of detention basin.
The beneficial effect comprise that：Overflow dam diversion of the invention by being set in upstream, in the desert in middle reaches
Middle to set the reservoir for accommodating Flood, current after settling silt, introduce downstream river course in reservoir, downstream river course are rushed
Brush, underwater bed is reduced, solve riverbed and constantly deposit padded, avoid the formation of double suspended channel, play protection middle and lower reaches key water control project
System, extend the effect in the life-span of reservoir and generating equipment.Using Wind-sandy Area/desert is scarcely populated, interstices of soil is big, permeability
The features such as good, on the one hand bring the soil for having abundant nutrition material into desert, sand ground, administer and lay the foundation for Wind-sandy Area；It is another
Aspect, after reducing the silt content in current, current can be effectively increased and return to the sediment carrying capacity behind river course, utilized for downstream river course
Current scour desilting, reduce bed level of the river, hanging river offer dynamic foundation is gradually provided.In addition, great Hong can be reduced by diversion
The flood peak of water, reach the purpose for the flood that disappears, meanwhile, flood later stage or the discharge of river usually can be effectively supplemented, increases lower reaches of river
Scouring capability, areas with soil-erosion problems river regime is effectively adjusted, maintain river course health, improve region environment.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the general illustration of system described in embodiments of the invention three；
Fig. 2 is the bottom elevation of regulating valve described in embodiments of the invention five and the bottom elevation schematic diagram of detention basin.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：
The present embodiment is a kind of method that hanging river is administered, and the condition that methods described uses is：
River with a large amount of silts, local annual precipitation concentrate on rainy season, can provide relatively sufficient rainfall, river during rainy season
On stream or middle reaches, which have, to be set intake structure or draws big vast engineering and the geographical conditions of flume, and middle reaches can find detention basin,
Detention basin or to be arranged in the desert in middle reaches either hypsography low-lying permeable or impermeable soil area, downstream are to have been formed
Or a copious, rapid flow of words river course formed.
Some rivers carry substantial amounts of silt because the soil in middle reaches is etched in water, these silts are in sluggish flow
Middle and lower reaches will settle down, and cause river bed to raise, and to prevent river diversion from can only increase the dykes and dams of two sides, as a result form outstanding
River.The area of these severe water and soil erosions is often arid area, shorter rainy season time that annual rainfall is concentrated, the short time
Larger rainfall easily forms river level and risen suddenly and sharply, and destroy by rush of water dykes and dams, causes major disaster.These area another feature be, by
It is few in rainfall, severe water and soil erosion, vegetation loss, soil desertification is easily caused, or even desert is formed, desertification makes overall life
State forms vicious circle, further results in soil erosion.Therefore, it is necessary to which overall consider the factors such as river, silt, rainfall, flood,
Comprehensive approximation drafts soil erosion protecting plan, can comprehensively solve problem.The measure that the present embodiment is taken can be retouched simply
State for：The concentration rainfall of short time is stored in desertification band, avoids flood, storage process makes the sediment settlement in water, then uses
The river course that scour without sediment motion downstream after sedimentation is lifted, reduces bottom of river channel.Methods described comprises the following steps that：
1）The big vast engineering of drawing of flood can effectively be guided by being set in upstream, including overflow dam and water-drawing gate.This part is water storage
Building：Overflow dam is built on other tributaries of a copious, rapid flow of words section upstream vicinity, when flood season flood occurring, flood to be drawn
Enter the detention basin in desert.
2）Suitable low-lying uncultivated area is found in In The Middle Reaches and is used as detention basin.Can be found in the desert in middle reaches compared with
For the region of status, due to the sediment settlement in flood, thin mud sand bed is formed on prone soil surface, this fine deposit is into can
Play a part of stopping water penetration, reduce water loss.
3）Big vast canal is drawn in build, and flood in river course is introduced into detention basin by drawing big vast engineering.Flood is taken off during generation flood
Detention basin is led to from original river course.When flood occurs for flood season, after reservoir level increases to certain altitude, unnecessary water is allowed freely to overflow
Stream, by drawing big vast channel into the detention basin in desert.Favorable terrain in rationally utilizing desert when digging and drawing big vast channel
（Such as flood ditch, seasonal water route）, reduce hand excavation's amount.
4）Flood with silt is detained in detention basin, and the silt in flood settles in detention basin, forms sediment deposit, institute
The sediment deposit stated can suppress sandy soil layer, or arid soil layer, while effectively supplement the regional water resources, strengthen revegetation energy
Power.Hypsography low-lying is selected, moisture condition is good, and the higher desert depression of groundwater level can so be protected very well as detention basin
Keep moisture here, avoid the lower seepage flow of water in storehouse from losing.Furthermore automatically lower it can be penetrated into when flood is larger, water level superelevation is overflowed in storehouse
Surrounding is in desert, will not be damaged.
5）Hydrometric station is set in middle reaches river course, and hydrometric station clear water after sedimentation enters the upstream in river mouth, observes river course
FlowQ’Side；
According to Muskingun method, with reference to downstream river course safe trafficQ PeaceCalculate detention basin water outlet control flowQ’Control.Muskingun method
It is a kind of maturation method for being used to calculate discharge of river process on the hydrology.
According to what is be calculatedQ’Control, adjust the clear water through sedimentation and be incorporated into a copious, rapid flow of words river course in downstream, to ensure safety punching
The control flow of brush washes away to a copious, rapid flow of words river course, reduces a copious, rapid flow of words bed level of the river., need to be on flume in order to control clear water flow
Add regulator.Generally, in order to increase the scope of regulation, it is necessary to be excavated to its installation position, regulator it is low
End elevation is greater than reservoir lowest part elevation, to ensure the minimum capacity of a reservoir of reservoir.The storehouse water of clarification is directed to a copious, rapid flow of words section by flume,
Current can so be increased takes husky ability, and the riverbed of a copious, rapid flow of words section is washed away, and reduces downstream river course elevation.Also set up water
Text station：The flow of a copious, rapid flow of words upstream is detected, and determines the flow of headrace, by regulator regulating water flow, under guarantee
The safety in trip river course is washed away.The water-carrying capacity washed away, which will pass through, to be calculated, to ensure safety.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment one, is the refinement for the control flow that embodiment one is washed away safely on guarantee.This reality
Apply the control flow that the guarantee described in example is washed away safely and meet following condition：
Q’Control+Q’Side＜Q Peace
In order to effectively reduce a copious, rapid flow of words bed level of the river, it is necessary to increase the carrying of streamflow as far as possible under conditions of riverbank security is ensured
Scouring capability.River course safe traffic refers to that streamflow can not draw brush river levee during flood passage and endanger riverbank security.Q PeaceCalculating
It is relevant with river topography and flow condition.Under the conditions of straight in river course, the main flow swing in river is smaller, and safe traffic is relatively
Greatly.As river course bending becomes big, channel thread easily directly washes away river levee, and this aspect needs to implement river course river control works, or
Person prevents channel thread from reaching river levee by controlling the discharge of river.
It is a scope to wash away flow, and due to the limitation of river course condition, safe flow is（1）Main flow can not swing to punching
Brush river levee；（2）Or flow is limited in main stem；（3）The upper beach depth of water is larger, and siltation volume is less than erosion quantity.
Embodiment three：
The present embodiment is a kind of a copious, rapid flow of words governing system for realizing the methods described of embodiment two, including：It is arranged in upper river
It is capable of the dam 1 of flood discharge in flood season, described dam upstream riverbank one or both sides are provided with the upstream with diversion regulator 2 and drawn
Water channel 3, described upstream flume are connected with the detention basin 4 of middle reaches desertification band, and described detention basin provided with sand surfing with adjusting
The downstream flume 6 of lock 5 is connected, and described downstream flume is connected with the river course 7 of a copious, rapid flow of words section；Described diversion regulator, punching
Information connects between husky regulator and hydrometric station 8, as shown in Figure 1.
Whole a copious, rapid flow of words governing system is broadly divided into five parts, and its each several part installation position is as shown in Figure 1：
1）Part I is water diverting structure：Overflow dam is built on other tributaries of a copious, rapid flow of words section upstream vicinity, flood occurs for flood season
During water, the detention basin that flood can be introduced into desert.
2）Part II is to draw big vast channel：It is that the original river course of flood disengaging leads to detention basin during generation flood（Reservoir）.
3）Part III is detention basin：Detention reservoir is built in desert, deposition and water storage for silt.
4）Part IV is headrace：The storehouse water of clarification is imported into downstream river course, is washed away, it is high to reduce downstream river course
Journey.
5）Part V is hydrometric station：The flow of a copious, rapid flow of words upstream is detected, for determining the flow of headrace, ensured
The safety of downstream river course is washed away.
Here flood refers to the flood in controlled range, if extraodinary flood occurs, it is not retained.
The present embodiment is applied in the Ku Buqi deserts section that Chinese Yellow Ha Noi is covered and Ningxia has a common boundary, certainly high using the Yellow River（West）To
It is low（East）Tectonic basin in the situation of stream and Ku Buqi deserts, in flood season, the phase " drawing yellow silt " is insulted, was precipitated by desert
Filter is acted on, and clear water is filtered out into introducing downstream hanging river section is washed away, and greatly reduces alluvial of the silt on riverbed, effectively
The formation for preventing double suspended channel.
The silt that the application of the present embodiment carries upstream in Yellow River Channel, is immediately directed against in Ku Buqi deserts and deposits, can
Take precautions against big flood, insult calamity, alleviate the sediment accumulation rate in the Yellow River Ningmeng irrigation area plain type river course significantly.Ku Buqi deserts are husky with mobility
Based on mound, detention basin is established in Ku Buqi deserts low laying areas, desert can be directly suppressed, containment drift sand activity, be beneficial to simultaneously
Level of ground water is raised, and to desert the improvement of ecological environment has actively impact.Clear water enters the Yellow River and not only eliminates this section of the Yellow River
Riverbed constantly deposits trouble and worry padded, as double suspended channel, and for protecting middle and lower reaches key water control project system, extends water
The life-span of storehouse and generating equipment will all produce far-reaching influence.
Example IV：
The present embodiment is the improvement of implementation one, is refinement of the embodiment one on dam.Dam described in the present embodiment is boiling water
Dam.
Described overflow dam can lift streamflow water level when current are smaller, raceway groove silt carrying flow is smoothly entered and draw
Water channel；When great flood arrives, excess flood crosses into downstream river course from overflow dam, so as to ensure to enter in flume
Current will not be excessive, eliminates the security threat to diversion works.
Embodiment five：
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment on detention basin and sand surfing regulator.This reality
The bottom elevation for applying the regulating valve described in example is higher than the bottom elevation of detention basin, as shown in Figure 2.
In order to increase the adjustable range of bath regulator, it is necessary to select the position for laying diversion regulator, make to draw
The bottom elevation of water regulating valve is higher than detention basin bottom elevation, to ensure that minimum capacity of a reservoir 401 is arranged at the bottom of detention basin.
Minimum capacity of a reservoir is the special storage capacity for setting reserved sedimentation in order to ensure that the long-term safety of reservoir is effectively run.
In the present invention, desert bottom impermeable stratum and favorable terrain can be effectively utilized, current is quickly infiltrated along journey, so as to by silt
Stay in desert.So, the fast characteristic of silt, current percolation flow velocity is filtered using desert, less minimum capacity of a reservoir can be taken, very
To cancellation minimum capacity of a reservoir.
Finally it should be noted that being merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted above, although with reference to preferable cloth
Scheme is put the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the technology of the present invention
Scheme（Such as whole system for adaptation to the ground arrangement, increase or decrease key element without departing from flood detention and sand surfing and main points,
Sequencing of step etc.）Modify or equivalent substitution, without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that hanging river is administered, the condition that methods described uses are：
River with a large amount of silts, local annual precipitation concentrate on rainy season, can provide relatively sufficient rainfall, river during rainy season
On stream or middle reaches, which have, to be set intake structure or draws big vast engineering and the geographical conditions of flume, and middle reaches can find detention basin,
Detention basin or to be arranged in the desert in middle reaches either hypsography low-lying permeable or impermeable soil area, downstream are to have been formed
Or a copious, rapid flow of words river course formed；
Characterized in that, the step of described method, is as follows：
The big vast engineering of drawing of flood can effectively be guided by being set in upstream, including overflow dam and water-drawing gate；
Suitable low-lying uncultivated area is found in In The Middle Reaches and is used as detention basin；
Flume is built, flood in river course is introduced into detention basin by drawing big vast engineering；
Flood with silt is detained in detention basin, and the silt in flood settles in detention basin, forms sediment deposit, described silt
Lamination can suppress sandy soil layer, or arid soil layer, while effectively supplement the regional water resources, strengthen revegetation ability；
Hydrometric station is set in middle reaches river course, and hydrometric station clear water after sedimentation enters the upstream in river mouth, observes the discharge of riverQ
’Side；
According to Muskingun method, with reference to downstream river course safe trafficQ PeaceCalculate detention basin water outlet control flowQ’Control；
According to what is be calculatedQ’Control, adjust the clear water through sedimentation and be incorporated into a copious, rapid flow of words river course in downstream, to ensure what is washed away safely
Control flow washes away to a copious, rapid flow of words river course, reduces a copious, rapid flow of words bed level of the river.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the control flow washed away safely with guarantee meets such as
Lower condition：
Q’Control+Q’Side＜Q Peace。
A kind of 3. a copious, rapid flow of words governing system for realizing claim 2 methods described, it is characterised in that including：It is arranged on upper river
In be capable of the dam of flood discharge in flood season, described dam upstream riverbank one or both sides are provided with the upstream with diversion regulator
Flume, described upstream flume are connected with the detention basin of middle reaches desertification band, and described detention basin provided with sand surfing with adjusting
The downstream flume connection of lock, described downstream flume are connected with the river course of a copious, rapid flow of words section；Described diversion regulator, sand surfing are adjusted
Information between lock and hydrometric station is saved to connect.
4. governing system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described dam is overflow dam.
5. governing system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the bottom elevation of described regulating valve is more than detention basin
Bottom elevation.
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| CN201710877368.XA CN107620285B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Suspended river treatment system and method |
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| CN201710877368.XA CN107620285B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Suspended river treatment system and method |
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| CN109267535A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-01-25 | 彭国洪 | A kind of administering method of plain river |
| CN109778798A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-21 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Multi-stage porous pipe weir shunts and warps method |
| CN111501683A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-08-07 | 中铁十四局集团第四工程有限公司 | Method for treating Feng river by using hydraulic steel dam gate |
| CN111762896A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-13 | 福建荣冠环境建设集团有限公司 | Riverway ecological environment repair system |
| CN115094822A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-23 | 海峡建工集团有限公司 | River channel treatment system and river channel transformation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109267535A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-01-25 | 彭国洪 | A kind of administering method of plain river |
| CN109778798A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-21 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Multi-stage porous pipe weir shunts and warps method |
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| CN115094822A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-23 | 海峡建工集团有限公司 | River channel treatment system and river channel transformation method thereof |
| CN115094822B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2024-04-19 | 海峡建工集团有限公司 | River course treatment system and river course transformation method thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN107620285B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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