CN110565578A - Double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction - Google Patents
Double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN110565578A CN110565578A CN201910863197.4A CN201910863197A CN110565578A CN 110565578 A CN110565578 A CN 110565578A CN 201910863197 A CN201910863197 A CN 201910863197A CN 110565578 A CN110565578 A CN 110565578A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction in the field of hydraulic engineering, which comprises an upper-layer natural river and a lower-layer underground river which have the same flow direction but large longitudinal height difference and are mutually spaced, wherein the leveling surface of the upper-layer natural river is in a natural shape of 'Wangexuanqu'; buildings such as deep ponds, shoals, water falls and the like are arranged in the longitudinal direction; the cross section has different width and size and is changeable. The lower layer of the underground river keeps the same plane and the same longitudinal direction as the original river; the cross section adopts an optimal structure section. According to the technical scheme, the problems that mountain streams are deeply cut before urbanization and rivers and surrounding cities have large height differences after urbanization are solved through the upper river channel and the lower river channel with large height differences; the problem of flood control in the construction period when urban construction goes up along the river is solved through the lower layer of underground river; the problems of no elasticity, no sponge characteristic, ecological fragility and the like of the urban river are solved through the construction of the upper ecological river; the drainage reverse filtering facility arranged in the underground river at the lower layer can effectively prevent the underground water level of the backfill region from rising to damage the underground structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction.
background
The urban ecological river undertakes the double tasks of flood control and ecological civilization, and needs to build an urban river engineering system integrating flood control, ecology, hydrophilicity, landscape, leisure and the like, so as to achieve harmonious development of people, water and cities.
at present, the urbanization and industrialization process is accelerated, and the urban river regulation, restoration and promotion work is actively carried out nationwide. However, in the prior art, the target is too monotonous in the river channel treatment process, only the functions of flood control, waterlogging drainage, water storage and the like of the river channel are considered, and the bank protection and the bottom protection are made of rigid materials such as concrete, masonry stone and the like, so that the urban river channel forms a cement flood drainage ditch which is 'three-side light', 'two-side light' and the like and is not aesthetic. The current situation problem of the ecological construction of urban river channels in China can be summarized into the following four aspects:
(1) Urban rivers are "rigid": the plane shape is 'linearized', the longitudinal direction is 'sloped', the section shape is 'regular', the protective material is 'rigid', and the ecological function of the river is ignored.
(2) The sewage containing amount of the urban rivers exceeds the self-purification capacity of the rivers, so that the water quality of the urban rivers is deteriorated.
(3) The linearization and channelization of the urban river blocks the intercommunication between the river channel and other members of the ecological system, so that the river ecological system is seriously damaged.
(4) Urban river landscape is lacking.
There are two types of existing forms of traditional urban rivers: the open river is suitable for the condition that the height difference between the river and the peripheral field is small, the underground river is suitable for the condition that the height difference between the river and the peripheral field is large and the scale of the river is particularly small, and the underground river only has the functions of flood drainage and waterlogging drainage. In order to solve the problem of hydrophilicity of deep and narrow urban rivers, double-layer river channel construction is provided. The recorded case of the double-layer river in China is only ecological management engineering of Beijing City north protected rivers. The foreign records about the double-layer river channel are only in Japan, namely the Yudu city, and a section of the river channel with the total length of 1.9km flows through the center of the city. The two sections of double-layer river channels are urban river channels in plain areas, the upper layer of the double-layer river channel is an open river, the lower layer of the double-layer river channel is a dark culvert, the upper layer of the open river has shallow water depth and has the functions of hydrophilicity, leisure and the like, and the lower layer of the dark culvert mainly has the functions of flood discharge and drainage. The invention discloses a double-layer river channel structure suitable for a mountain stream river channel (application number: 201710428948.0). the double-layer river channel comprises an upper-layer open channel and a lower-layer underground river arranged below the upper-layer open channel river, wherein the upper-layer open channel and the lower-layer underground river are not permeable to water, and the lower-layer underground culvert is provided with rainwater holes for receiving flood of a peripheral drainage pipe network. The structure lower layer is covered with a culvert to solve the problem of overflowing in the flood period, and the upper layer open channel solves the problem of hydrophily of tourists in the dry season. The invention is the same as the double-layer river channel connotation of Beijing Yangchua river and Yudu City, only solves the defect of poor hydrophilicity of the common deep and narrow river channel, but can not solve the problems of deep cutting of mountain stream and wavy and undulating terrain of mountain before urbanization, and the river has large height difference with the surrounding city after urbanization; the urbanization process is the flood control problem of rivers in the construction period when the rivers are traced; after urbanization, the underground water level of the backfill area rises to damage the underground structure; the construction of urban rivers has no elastic and sponge-free characteristics; urban river ecology weakness and the like.
In conclusion, the invention is one of the key scientific and technological problems which need to be solved urgently in national economy and social development, and has a strong application prospect in water ecological civilization construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide an urban ecological river channel suitable for stream deep cutting and mountain undulating.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction comprises an upper-layer natural river and a lower-layer underground river which have the same flow direction but have height difference in the longitudinal direction and are mutually spaced, wherein the contour line of the upper-layer natural river plane is the same as the flow direction of the river, and the contour lines are spline curves which are connected with each other; a deep pool, a shoal and a water-dropping structure are arranged in the longitudinal direction; the upper natural river has a cross section, the shape of the cross section changes according to the change of the contour line, and the plane of the lower underground river and the longitudinal direction of the lower underground river are kept consistent with those of the original river.
Further, the section form adopted by the upper natural river comprises a compound section, a trapezoidal section and a bridge section, wherein the compound section is a rectangular section when below the perennial water level, and the compound section is a trapezoid when between the perennial water level and the flood level; the trapezoidal section is adopted when the compound section is positioned in a river without obvious perennial water level; when the compound section is positioned at a position with a traffic requirement across a river, a bridge section is adopted, and the bridge section comprises an arch or a rectangle.
Furthermore, the longitudinal slope of the lower layer of the underground river is a gentle slope, a water drop pool and a stilling pool are arranged according to the terrain, and the river bottom elevations of the upstream end point and the downstream end point of the lower layer of the underground river are consistent with the river bottom elevation of the natural river; the section form of the lower layer underground river is a rectangular single hole, a rectangular double hole or a rectangular multi hole, and the section form of the drop and stilling pool is a rectangle.
Furthermore, the upper natural river is provided with two circular footpaths which are parallel to each other and are positioned between the elevation of 0.3m above the perennial water level and the river roof elevation.
Furthermore, the compound section is rectangular below the perennial water level, the part of the compound section between the perennial water level and the flood level is trapezoidal, and the trapezoidal slope is set to be gentle to 1:3.0 according to the natural repose angle of soil.
further, the revetment of the rectangular section below the perennial water level of the compound section adopts structural revetment, and the revetment adopts dry masonry block stones, wood piles and concrete to be stacked into the revetment according to the mechanical principle; the trapezoidal section above the water level throughout the year adopts natural gentle slope type revetment, and the surface layer of the revetment is planted with vegetation or is paved with fine sand or pebbles to form a grass slope or a sandy beach.
Further, the composite geomembrane is impervious below the annual water level of the compound cross section and impervious above the annual water level, and the composite geomembrane adopts geotextile and gravel stone as a comprehensive reverse filter layer to prevent seepage damage.
Furthermore, the lower layer of the underground river adopts a reinforced concrete box culvert structure, and the drop and stilling pool adopts a special-shaped reinforced concrete frame structure.
Further, a water stopping facility is arranged below the annual water level of the lower-layer box culvert, a drain hole is arranged above the annual water level of the lower-layer box culvert, geotextile bags filled with pebbles for reverse filtration are arranged on the periphery of the drain hole, and a drain blind ditch is arranged on the lower-layer box culvert along the double-layer river channel infiltration surface.
After the scheme is adopted, the following beneficial effects are realized: the problems that mountain creeks are deeply cut before urbanization and rivers and surrounding cities have large height differences after urbanization are solved through the upper river channel and the lower river channel with large height differences; the problem of flood control in the construction period when urban construction goes up along the river is solved through the lower layer of underground river; the problems of no elasticity, no sponge characteristic, ecological fragility and the like of the urban river are solved through the construction of the upper ecological river; the drainage reverse filtering facility arranged in the underground river at the lower layer can effectively prevent the underground water level of the backfill region from rising to damage the underground structure. The perennial water level walking road is a passage for people to enjoy water surface and river at close distance, and the river roof elevation walking road is connected with each public open space in series, so that communities, commercial areas, office areas, industrial areas, viewing platforms, squares and greening water systems along the river are organized to form rich walking traffic space, and the space landscape effect of stepping and off-scene is achieved.
drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a river according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a river according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the river after the structure is deformed according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the lower layer of the underground river of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the structure of a lower layer of a river according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the structure of a lower layer of a river according to the fourth embodiment;
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the river according to the fifth embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
The first embodiment is as follows:
The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached figure 1: a double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction comprises an upper layer open river and a lower layer underground river which have the same flow direction and are mutually spaced, wherein a compound section and a trapezoidal section are formed in the cross section of the upper layer open river according to the section of a natural river channel, revetments are reinforced on two radial sides of the cross section, a rectangular section is adopted when the compound section is below the perennial water level, and a trapezoid is adopted when the compound section is between the perennial water level and the flood level; the trapezoidal section is adopted when the compound section is positioned in a river without obvious perennial water level; when the compound section is positioned at a position with a traffic requirement across a river, a bridge section is adopted, and the bridge section comprises an arch or a rectangle.
the revetment adopts structural revetment, and dry masonry block stones, wood piles and concrete are stacked to form the revetment according to a mechanical principle; the trapezoidal section above the water level throughout the year adopts natural gentle slope type revetment, and the surface layer of the revetment is planted with vegetation or is paved with fine sand or pebbles to form a grass slope or a sandy beach.
The upper natural river is provided with two circular footpaths which are parallel to each other and are positioned between the elevation of 0.3m above the annual water level and the river roof elevation.
When the compound section is below the perennial water level, the compound section adopts a rectangular section, the revetment adopts structural revetment which sequentially comprises rock blocks, wood piles and concrete from top to bottom, a geomembrane conforming to the soil engineering is laid between the upper layer open river and the lower layer underground river, and the slope gradient of the compound section is less than 1: 3.0.
Referring to fig. 4, the longitudinal direction of the lower layer of underground river is consistent with the original river, the river bottom elevation of the upstream starting point of the lower layer of underground river is consistent with the upstream starting point elevation of the original river, the longitudinal slope direction of the lower layer of underground river is set in a gentle slope mode, the lower layer of underground river adopts a box culvert structure, the cross section of the box culvert structure is a rectangular single hole, and the box culvert is provided with a water stopping facility when the lower layer is below the perennial water level.
Example two:
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the difference between this embodiment and other embodiments is that the compound cross section is a trapezoidal cross section when the compound cross section is above the perennial water level, the revetment is a natural gentle slope revetment, the natural gentle slope revetment is set down according to the natural repose angle of soil, fine sand is laid on the surface of the revetment or vegetation is planted on the surface of the revetment, and a comprehensive reverse filter layer is laid between the upper open river and the lower underground river, and the reverse filter layer includes geotextile and sand gravel.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 5, the difference between this embodiment and other embodiments is that the longitudinal slope direction of the lower layer of the underground river is set up in a gentle slope, the lower layer of the underground river adopts a box culvert structure, the cross section of the box culvert structure is rectangular double holes, and the box culvert is provided with a water stopping facility when the lower layer of the box culvert is below the perennial water level.
Example four
Referring to fig. 6, the difference between this embodiment and other embodiments is that the box culvert is provided with a drain hole when the box culvert is above the annual water level, a woven bag for loading cobblestones is arranged around the drain hole, and a drainage blind ditch is arranged on the wetted surface of the woven bag.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to FIG. 7, taking the Wei river governing engineering in the New zone B of Longzhou Bay of Banan as an example, the original river course of the engineering is 4263m long, and the rain collecting area of the river course above the downstream end point is 8.3km2。
after the double-layer ecological river channel is constructed, the flood standard is designed to meet 200 years, and the flood prevention standard of bridges and culverts crossing municipal roads also meets 200 years; the flood standard of the upper open channel design before the convergence of the upper and lower river courses can reach the flood meeting time of 200 years, and the overflow capacity of the lower underground river can ensure that the water level is not high when the underground culvert inlet (the intersection of the area B and the vocational and educational city) meets the flood meeting time of 20 years (the flood prevention standard in the construction period).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that
TABLE 1
after treatment, the ecological river on the upper layer is 4354m long, the designed longitudinal slope is 10 per mill and 1 per mill, the bottom width of the ecological river is 5-7 m, and the top width is 30-68 m. Ecological river in upper strata sets up 10 traffic bridges and culverts in the position of wearing the town road, and 5 kinds of bridge and culvert headroom size: 6.5X 3.5m, 5X 3.8m, 7X 4.2m, 5X 4.2 m. The length of the lower layer of the underground river is 4362m, the design longitudinal slope is 2.5 per mill, 1 per mill and 3 per mill, and the lower layer of the underground river adopts 3 single-hole rectangular sections: 4.0X 4.0m, 4.7X 4.7m, 3.9X 3.9m, 2 kinds of rectangular cross sections with double holes: 3.5X 4.2m and 3.5X 5.5 m.
The flood standard designed by adopting the traditional low open channel scheme reaches 200 years, and the flood prevention standard of bridges and culverts crossing municipal roads also reaches 200 years. The total river channel length is 4194.34m after the low open channel scheme is controlled. The river bottom elevation design is basically consistent with the elevation of the river bed of the original river channel, the river bottom elevation is 202.77-213.07 m, and the adopted longitudinal slopes are 2.5 per thousand, 1 per thousand and 3 per thousand. The compound section is adopted, the width of a lower rectangular groove is 3.0m, the height is 0.6m, the width of an upper trapezoid bottom is 5m, the slope rate is 1:2, the width of a trapezoid top is 22-25 m, and a retaining wall is adopted at the top of a city market flat-height distance slope.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a double-deck ecological river course structure suitable for mountain region sponge city construction which characterized in that: the river surface contour line of the upper layer natural river plane is the same as the flow direction of the river, and the contour lines are spline curves which are connected with each other; a deep pool, a shoal and a water-dropping structure are arranged in the longitudinal direction; the upper natural river has a cross section, the shape of the cross section changes according to the change of the contour line, and the plane of the lower underground river and the longitudinal direction of the lower underground river are kept consistent with those of the original river.
2. The double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the section form adopted by the upper natural river comprises a compound section, a trapezoidal section and a bridge section, wherein the compound section adopts a rectangular section when being below the perennial water level, and the compound section adopts a trapezoidal section when being between the perennial water level and the flood level; the trapezoidal section is adopted when the compound section is positioned in a river without obvious perennial water level; when the compound section is positioned at a position with a traffic requirement across a river, a bridge section is adopted, and the bridge section comprises an arch or a rectangle.
3. the double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the longitudinal slope of the lower layer of the underground river is a gentle slope, a drop pool and a stilling pool are arranged according to the terrain, and the river bottom elevations of the upstream end point and the downstream end point of the lower layer of the underground river are consistent with the river bottom elevation of the natural river; the section form of the lower layer underground river is a rectangular single hole, a rectangular double hole or a rectangular multi hole, and the section form of the drop and stilling pool is a rectangle.
4. The double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper natural river is provided with two circular footpaths which are parallel to each other and are positioned between the elevation of 0.3m above the perennial water level and the river roof elevation.
5. The double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: the compound section is rectangular below the perennial water level, the part of the compound section between the perennial water level and the flood level is trapezoidal, and the trapezoidal slope is set to be gentle to 1:3.0 according to the natural repose angle of soil.
6. The double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: the revetment of the rectangular cross section below the perennial water level of the compound cross section adopts structural revetment, and the revetment adopts dry masonry blocks, wood piles and concrete to be stacked into the revetment according to the mechanical principle; the trapezoidal section above the water level throughout the year adopts natural gentle slope type revetment, and the surface layer of the revetment is planted with vegetation or is paved with fine sand or pebbles to form a grass slope or a sandy beach.
7. The double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: the composite geomembrane is impermeable below the perennial water level of the compound cross section and is not impermeable above the perennial water level, and the composite geomembrane adopts geotextile and gravel stone as a comprehensive reverse filter layer to prevent seepage damage.
8. The double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: the lower layer of underground river adopts a reinforced concrete box culvert structure, and the drop and stilling pool adopts a special-shaped reinforced concrete frame structure.
9. The double-layer ecological river channel structure suitable for mountain sponge city construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: the water stopping facilities are arranged below the perennial water level of the lower-layer box culvert, the drain holes are arranged above the perennial water level of the lower-layer box culvert, geotextile fabric bags filled with pebbles for reverse filtration are arranged at the peripheries of the drain holes, and the drain blind ditches are arranged on the lower-layer box culvert along the double-layer riverway infiltration surface.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114396107A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-26 | 中冶南方城市建设工程技术有限公司 | Sponge city inland river channel with trapezoidal compound section and design method thereof |
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