CN111484459B - 一种钯催化不对称氢化合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮的方法 - Google Patents

一种钯催化不对称氢化合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮的方法 Download PDF

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CN111484459B
CN111484459B CN201910080337.0A CN201910080337A CN111484459B CN 111484459 B CN111484459 B CN 111484459B CN 201910080337 A CN201910080337 A CN 201910080337A CN 111484459 B CN111484459 B CN 111484459B
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陈木旺
周永贵
孙蕾
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Abstract

一种钯催化不对称氢化合成手性3‑三氟甲基‑3,4‑二氢喹喔啉酮的方法,催化体系为钯的手性双磷配合物,反应条件为:温度:0‑80℃;溶剂:2,2,2‑三氟乙醇或六氟异丙醇;压力:100‑1000psi;底物和催化剂的比例是33/l;用到的金属前体:三氟醋酸钯;用到的手性配体:手性双磷配体;催化剂的制备方法为:把钯的金属前体和手性双磷配体在丙酮中室温搅拌,然后真空浓缩得到催化剂。对含三氟甲基的喹喔啉酮氢化能得到相应的手性含三氟甲基的二氢喹喔啉酮,其对映体过量可达到99%。本发明操作简便实用,对映选择性高,产率好,且反应具有绿色原子经济性,对环境友好。

Description

一种钯催化不对称氢化合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔 啉酮的方法
技术领域
本发明属于不对称氢化合成领域,具体涉及一种应用钯的均相体系高度对映选择性催化氢化三氟甲基喹喔啉酮合成手性三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮的方法。
背景技术
手性二氢喹喔啉酮是许多农药、医药中间体以及天然产物的核心构架。因此对该类化合物的合成和生物活性研究引起了有机化学家和药学界的广泛重视。下面(式1)就是药物活性分子含有手性二氢喹喔啉酮的结构单元:
Figure BDA0001960182730000011
鉴于手性二氢喹喔啉酮及其衍生物在药物和合成化学领域中的重要性,化学家们已经发展了一些方法来合成该类化合物。但是其通常通过当量的氨基酸衍生物或手性酯作为起始原料作为手性辅机出发来合成。直到2006年,Lectka小组首次采用Hetero-Diels-Alder来高对映选择性地合成二氢喹喔啉酮,其后也发展一些通过不对称氢化或转移氢化以及串联环化氢化策略实现了手性二氢喹喔啉酮的合成。然而到目前为止,手性含氟二氢喹喔啉酮的合成仍然鲜有报道。通常往分子中引入含氟原子或含氟砌块可以提高分子生理活性和酯溶性等。因此合成一些手性含氟二氢喹喔啉酮及其衍生物在医药和农药的研究中非常有意义。
不对称氢化具有原子经济性好、催化剂活性高、反应速度快、产物的分离方便、副反应少等优点。目前许多手性催化氢化体系在工业上已经获得了应用。由于亚胺的不对称氢化能够得到手性胺,因此,我们想通过不对称催化氢化三氟甲基喹喔啉酮合成手性三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮及其衍生物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种钯催化不对称氢化合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮的方法,本发明操作简便实用,原料易得,对映选择性高,产率好,且反应具有绿色原子经济性,环境友好等优点。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明提供一种合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮的方法,所述反应以…….为反应底物,以钯的手性双磷配合物为催化剂,不对称氢化合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮,反应式和条件如下:
Figure BDA0001960182730000021
式中:
Ar为苯基或含有取代基的苯环,所述的取代基为CF3、卤素、萘基或C1-C20的烷基取代基中的至少一种;
R为H、C1-5的烷基取代基或苄基取代基中的一种;
反应条件:
温度:0-80℃;
溶剂:2,2,2-三氟乙醇或六氟异丙醇;
压力:100-1000psi;
时间:15-48小时;
基于以上技术方案,优选的,所述手性双膦配体为(R)-MeO-Biphep,(R)-SynPhos,(R)-SegPhos,(R)-BINAP,(R)-DifluorPhos,(R)-Cl-MeO-Biphep中的一种。
基于以上技术方案,优选的,所述方法的具体反应步骤为:
(2)催化剂制备:向反应瓶中投入钯的金属前体和手性双膦配体,氮气置换后加入丙酮,室温搅拌1小时,然后真空浓缩除去丙酮,得到所述催化剂;
(2)在氮气气氛下,向放有所述催化剂的反应瓶中加入有机溶剂,然后将反应瓶中的溶液转到预先放有对三氟甲基喹喔啉反应底物的反应釜中,通入氢气100-1000psi,0-80℃反应15-48小时,得到所述手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮;所述钯的金属前体、手性双膦配体和反应底物的摩尔比为1:1.1:50。
基于以上技术方案,优选的,所述反应式为对3-三氟甲基喹喔啉酮不对称氢化反应合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮,手性双膦配体为(R)-SegPhos,溶剂为六氟异丙醇,Ar为6,7-Ph2-C6H2,,R为H;温度为60℃,氢气压力为600psi,对映体过量可达到99%。
基于以上技术方案,优选的,所述反应式为对3-三氟甲基喹喔啉酮不对称氢化反应合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮,手性双膦配体为(R)-SegPhos,溶剂为六氟异丙醇,Ar为6,7-(4-MeO-C6H4)2-C6H2,R为H;温度为60℃,氢气压力为600psi,对映体过量可达到99%。
基于以上技术方案,优选的,所述反应式为对3-三氟甲基喹喔啉酮不对称氢化反应合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮,手性双膦配体为(R)-SegPhos,溶剂为六氟异丙醇,Ar为6,7-(2-MeO-C6H4)2-C6H2,R为H;温度为60℃,氢气压力为600psi,对映体过量可达到99%。
基于以上技术方案,优选的,所述钯的金属前体为三氟醋酸钯、醋酸钯或氯化钯。
本发明具有以下优点
1.反应活性和对映选择性高,反应完全,生成产物专一,核磁氢谱没有检测到副反应,使得能分离方便,能获得高的对映体过量纯品。
2.催化剂制备方便,反应操作简便实用。
3.氢化反应条件温和,室温就能反应。
4.得到的手性三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮可以进一步还原得到手性三氟甲基四氢喹喔啉。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例详述本发明,但本发明并不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1-8
条件的优化
在反应瓶中投入三氟醋酸钯(0.0025毫摩尔,0.85毫克)和手性配体(0.003毫摩尔),氮气置换后加入1毫升丙酮,室温搅拌1小时。然后真空浓缩,氮气下加入3毫升有机溶剂,将此溶液转到预先放有底物1a(27毫克,0.125毫摩尔)的反应釜中,通入氢气600psi,60℃反应48小时。慢慢释放氢气,除去溶剂后直接柱层析分离得到纯的产物,改变反应中有机溶剂和手性双膦配体的种类,反应的温度,具体结构如表(表1),反应式和配体结构如下:
Figure BDA0001960182730000041
产物的对映体过量用手性液相色谱测定,见表1。
表1.含三氟甲基喹喔啉酮1a的不对称氢化
Figure BDA0001960182730000042
产率为核磁收率,产物的对映体过量用手性液相色谱测定,见表1。
实施例9-23
钯催化不对称氢化合成各种手性三氟甲基二氢喹喔啉酮2
在反应瓶中投入三氟醋酸钯(1.7毫克,0.0050毫摩尔)和(R)-SegPhos(3.4毫克,0.0055毫摩尔),氮气置换后加入1毫升丙酮,室温搅拌1小时。然后真空浓缩,氮气下加入3毫升六氟异丙醇,将此溶液转移到预先放有底物(0.25毫摩尔)的反应釜中,通入氢气至600psi,室温反应48小时,慢慢释放氢气,改变反应底物的种类,具体如表2。除去溶剂后直接柱层析分离得到纯的产物,反应式如下:
Figure BDA0001960182730000051
表2.含三氟甲基喹喔啉酮的不对称氢化的底物拓展
Figure BDA0001960182730000052
实施例9-23得到的对应产物分别为2a、2b、2c、2d、2e、2f、2g、2h、2i、2j、2k、2l、2m、2n、2o,产物的对映体过量用手性液相色谱测定,b70℃.见表2
(R)-(+)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2a):52mg,97%yield,pale solid 120-122℃,Rf=0.45(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),96%ee,[α]20 D=+10.19(c 0.52,CHCl3);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.13(brs,1H),6.96(ddd,J=8.6,6.2,2.7Hz,1H),6.85–6.79(m,2H),6.76(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.54(q,J=7.7Hz,1H),4.38(s,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ159.8,130.2,124.7,123.7,123.5(q,J=286.0Hz),120.3,115.9,113.9,58.3(q,J=30.0Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-74.3;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=12.6min(maj),t2=14.5min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C9H8F3N2O[M+H]+217.0583,found217.0584.
(R)-6-Methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2b):59mg,96%yield,pale yellow solid 180-182℃,Rf=0.32(hexanes/ethyl acetate=2/1),97%ee,[α]20 D=+1.36(c 0.59,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ10.71(s,1H),6.91(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),6.43(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.24(dd,J=8.5,2.6Hz,1H),4.75(qd,J=8.4,2.7Hz,1H),3.65(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ158.6,156.3,130.0,124.7(q,J=287.0Hz),118.6,116.0,103.8,99.9,57.2(q,J=28.0Hz),55.5;19F NMR(376MHz,DMSO)δ–72.8;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flowrate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=13.6min(maj),t2=21.1min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated forC10H10F3N2O2[M+H]+247.0689,found 247.0664.
(R)-(+)-6-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2c):55mg,96%yield,pale soild 168-170℃,Rf=0.54(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),90%ee,[α]20 D=+13.27(c 0.55,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.04(s,1H),7.16(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.91-6.82(m,3H),4.91(qd,J=8.3,2.6Hz,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ159.2,131.0,126.1,124.6(q,J=286.0Hz),123.3,121.9,115.0,114.9,57.1(q,J=28.0Hz);19FNMR(376MHz,DMSO)δ-72.8;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=12.2min(maj),t2=16.2min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculatedfor C9H7ClF3N2O[M+H]+251.0194,found 251.0193.
(R)-(+)-7-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2d):61mg,98%yield,pale soild 159-161℃,Rf=0.41(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),88%ee,[α]20 D=+0.33(c 0.61,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.00(s,1H),7.20(s,1H),6.85(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.76(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.69(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),4.89(qd,J=8.3,2.5Hz,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ158.9,133.4,127.5,124.6(q,J=286.0Hz),123.9,118.2,116.6,113.2,56.8(q,J=28.0Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,DMSO)δ-72.9;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=9.9min(maj),t2=11.0min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C9H7ClF3N2O[M+H]+251.0194,found251.0191.
(R)-(+)-8-Methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2e):55mg,96%yield,pale oil,Rf=0.45(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),88%ee,[α]20 D=+16.91(c 0.55,CHCl3);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.09(brs,1H),6.86(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.63(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.51(q,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.34(s,1H),2.25(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ159.8,130.3,124.0(2C),123.6(q,J=286.0Hz),122.2,122.1,112.0,58.2(q,J=30.0Hz),16.4;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-74.3;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=11.3min(maj),t2=16.6min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C10H10F3N2O[M+H]+231.0740,found 231.0738.
(R)-(+)-6,7-Dimethyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2f):58mg,95%yield,pale yellow soild 182-184℃,Rf=0.26(hexanes/ethylacetate=3/1),89%ee,[α]20 D=+0.86(c 0.58,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ10.70(s,1H),6.63(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),6.60(s,1H),6.54(s,1H),4.67(qd,J=8.5,2.7Hz,1H),2.07(s,3H),2.05(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ159.2,131.2,129.5,126.1,124.8(q,J=286.0Hz),122.7,116.6,115.2,57.6(q,J=28.0Hz),19.4,19.0;19F NMR(376MHz,DMSO)δ-72.7;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=12.2min(maj),t2=19.7min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C11H12F3N2O[M+H]+245.0896,found 245.0893.
(R)-(+)--6,7-Dichloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2g):69mg,97%yield,pale soild 230-232℃,Rf=0.39(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),95%ee,[α]20 D=+8.70(c 0.69,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.11(s,1H),7.34(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.01(s,1H),6.93(s,1H),4.96(qd,J=8.3,2.6Hz,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ158.9,132.3,125.2,125.1,124.4(q,J=286.0Hz),119.6,116.3,114.5,56.7(d,J=28.0Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,DMSO)δ-72.9;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=9.5min(maj),t2=10.9min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C9H6Cl2F3N2O[M+H]+284.9804,found 284.9799.
(R)-(-)-6,7-Dibromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2g):78mg,84%yield,pale soild 221-223℃,Rf=0.41(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),90%ee,[α]20 D=-20.13(c 0.78,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.10(s,1H),7.34(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.15(s,1H),7.04(s,1H),4.96(qd,J=8.3,2.7Hz,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ158.9,132.9,125.9,124.4(q,J=277.0Hz),119.2,117.6,117.1,110.1,56.7(q,J=28.0Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,DMSO)δ-72.9;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=11.5min(maj),t2=13.6min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C9H6Br2F3N2O[M+H]+372.8793,found 372.8816.
(R)-(-)-6,7-Diphenyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2h):91mg,99%yield,pale yellow soild 89-91℃,Rf=0.58(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),99%ee,[α]20 D=-7.8(c 0.91,CHCl3);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.13(brs,1H),7.25–7.15(m,6H),7.10(dd,J=10.2,5.7Hz,4H),6.87(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),6.82(s,1H),4.59(q,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.48(s,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ159.6,140.7,140.5,137.2,133.0,129.8,129.7,129.4,127.9,126.6,126.4,123.5(q,J=286.0Hz),123.0,117.8,117.6,115.9,58.3(q,J=29.0Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-74.2;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=18.7min(maj),t2=29.9min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C21H16F3N2O[M+H]+369.1209,found369.1213.
(R)-(+)-6,7-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2i):102mg,95%yield,pale yellow oil,Rf=0.27(hexanes/ethyl acetate=2/1),>99%ee,[α]20 D=+0.49(c 1.02,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ10.99(brs,1H),7.12–6.84(m,5H),6.88–6.67(m,6H),4.89(q,J=14.6 Hz,1H),3.71(d,6H);13C NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3)δ159.2,158.2,158.0,135.2,133.9,133.8,131.0,130.9(2C),130.2,124.7(q,J=286.0Hz),124.0,117.2,115.5,113.9(2C),57.4(q,J=28.0Hz),55.4(d,2C);19F NMR(376MHz,DMSO)δ-72.6;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=85/15,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=23.1min(maj),t2=51.8min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C23H20F3N2O3[M+H]+429.1421,found 429.1423.
(R)-(+)-6,7-Bis(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2j):106mg,99%yield,pale yellow soild 84-86℃,Rf=0.20(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),98%ee,[α]20 D=+2.83(c 1.06,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.26(brs,1H),7.12(td,J=7.9,2.6Hz,2H),6.87(s,1H),6.82(s,1H),6.78–6.68(m,4H),6.62(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),4.59(q,J=18.7 Hz,1H),4.52(brs,1H),3.61(s,6H);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ159.6,159.1(2C),142.1,141.9,137.0,132.8,129.5,129.0(2C),123.5(q,J=286.0Hz)123.0,122.2,122.1,117.6,115.7,115.1,115.0,112.8,112.6,58.6(q,J=30.0Hz),55.1(d,2C);19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-74.2;HPLC(OD-3,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:0.8mL/min),30℃,t1=36.1min(maj),t2=64.5min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C23H20F3N2O3[M+H]+429.1421,found 429.1388.
(R)-(+)-6,7-Bis(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2k):106mg,99%yield,pale yellow soild 144-146℃,Rf=0.14(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),>99%ee,[α]20 D=+2.26(c 1.06,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.89(brs,1H),7.17–7.04(m,3H),6.91(d,J=10.4Hz,2H),6.82(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),6.73(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.68(s,1H),6.63(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),4.62(s,1H),4.34(q,J=18.1Hz,1H),3.68(s,3H),3.44(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ159.5,156.2,156.1,134.3,131.7,131.6,130.1,129.7,129.3,129.1,128.0,125.2,123.8(q,J=285.0Hz),122.8,120.1,120.0,117.7,116.0,110.2,110.1,57.6(q,J=29.0Hz),54.9,54.6;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-74.7;HPLC(OD-3,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:0.8mL/min),30℃,t1=46.8min(maj),t2=89.1min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C23H23F3N3O3[M+NH4]+446.1685,found 446.1686.
(R)-(+)-3-(Trifluoromethyl)-6,7-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2l):111mg,88%yield,pale yellow oil,Rf=0.48(hexanes/ethyl acetate=3/1),79%ee,[α]20 D=+0.54(c1.11,EtOAc);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.23(brs,1H),7.48(dd,J=8.2,3.3Hz,4H),7.19(dd,J=10.7,8.4Hz,4H),6.85(d,J=18.5Hz,2H),4.62(q,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.59(brs,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ159.8,143.9,143.7,135.8,131.4,130.2,130.1,130.0,129.2(q,J=32.0Hz),128.9(q,J=32.0Hz),125.1(dq,J=3.0Hz,2C),124.1(q,J=271.0Hz),124.0(q,J=271.0Hz),123.7,123.4(q,J=285.0Hz),117.9,115.9,58.2(q,J=30.0Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-62.4,-62.5,-74.2;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=10.5min(maj),t2=13.8min;HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C23H14F9N2O[M+H]+505.0957,found 505.0946.
(R)-(-)-1-Methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalinone(2m):57mg,99%yield,pale solid 132-134℃,Rf=0.37(hexanes/ethyl acetate=5/1),96%ee,[α]20 D=-5.79(c 0.57,CHCl3);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.02–6.93(m,2H),6.93–6.86(m,1H),6.78(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.53(q,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.47(s,1H),3.44(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ158.7,131.8,127.3,124.2,123.7(q,J=286.0Hz),120.3,114.9,114.1,58.5(q,J=29.0Hz),29.4;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-74.1;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=8.6min,t2=16.7min(maj);HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C10H10F3N2O[M+H]+231.0740,found 231.0745.
(R)-1-Benzyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one(2n):76mg,99%yield,pale solid 125-127℃,Rf=0.26(hexanes/ethyl acetate=5/1),92%ee,[α]20 D=+25.26(c 0.76,CHCl3);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.25(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.19–7.14(m,3H),6.90–6.81(m,1H),6.79–6.72(m,1H),6.70–6.65(m,2H),5.44(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),4.87(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),4.55(q,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.39(brs,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ158.9,135.8,131.8,128.9,127.4,126.6,126.2,124.4,123.8(q,J=286.0Hz),120.4,115.8,114.2,58.7(q,J=29.0Hz),46.3;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ–73.8;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=9.6min,t2=13.4min(maj);HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C16H14F3N2O[M+H]+307.1053,found 307.1054.
(R)-(+)-3-(Trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazinone(2o):30mg,55%yield,pale yellow soild 85-87℃,Rf=0.16(hexanes/ethyl acetate=5/1),57%ee,[α]20 D=+13.67(c 0.3,CH3Cl);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.05(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),6.88(dd,J=27.4,7.3Hz,2H),4.64(q,J=6.7Hz,1H),4.39(brs,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ157.7,140.1,128.8,125.8,122.7(q,J=284.0Hz),121.2,117.0,114.9,57.0(q,J=31.0Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ–73.5;HPLC(OD-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:1.0mL/min),30℃,t1=7.9min,t2=14.7min(maj);HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C9H6F3NO2Na[M+Na]+240.0243,found 240.0244.
此外,在BH3.THF条件下可以将酰胺还原,为合成手性三氟甲基四氢喹喔啉提供了一条高效又简洁的途径(图1)。
Figure BDA0001960182730000081
图1
(R)-(-)-2-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline(3a):32mg,89%yield,pale yellow soild 128-130℃,Rf=0.30(hexanes/ethyl acetate=20/1),96%ee,[α]20 D=-4.69(c 0.32,CH3Cl);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ6.87–6.79(m,2H),6.75–6.68(m,1H),6.65(dd,J=8.1,1.3Hz,1H),4.13(qd,J=6.8,3.1Hz,1H),3.61(dd,J=11.6,3.5Hz,1H),3.50(dd,J=11.7,6.7Hz,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ131.7,131.4,124.9(q,J=280.0Hz),120.2,119.6,115.6,114.9,52.3(q,J=30.0Hz),39.5(q,J=2.0Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ–76.5;HPLC(OJ-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=90/10,detector:230nm,flow rate:0.9mL/min),30℃,t1=55.7min,t2=64.2min(maj).
(R)-(+)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline(3n):47mg,94%yield,pale yellow oil,Rf=0.78(hexanes/ethyl acetate=5/1),95%ee,[α]20 D=+2.34(c 0.47,CH3Cl);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ6.79(td,J=7.6,1.5Hz,1H),6.72(td,J=7.5,1.4Hz,1H),6.66(dd,J=7.9,1.3Hz,1H),6.60(dd,J=7.6,1.5Hz,1H),4.18–3.94(m,2H),3.33(qd,J=11.5,4.6Hz,2H),2.91(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ135.2,131.9,124.9(q,J=280.0Hz),119.6,119.2,113.9,112.3,52.8(q,J=30.0Hz),47.5(q,J=20.0Hz),39.0;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ–76.9;HPLC(OJ-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=95/5,detector:230nm,flow rate:0.8mL/min),30℃,t1=29.4min,t2=36.7min(maj);HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C10H12F3N2[M+H]+217.0947,found 217.0944.
(R)-(+)-1-benzyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline(3o):57mg,75%yield,pale yellow oil,Rf=0.67(hexanes/ethyl acetate=5/1),92%ee,[α]20 D=+12.63(c 0.57,CH3Cl);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.30–7.14(m,5H),6.66–6.47(m,4H),4.35(q,J=15.8Hz,2H),3.94–3.89(m,1H),3.40–3.24(m,2H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ137.6,134.0,131.7,128.7,127.4,124.9(q,J=280.0Hz),119.7,119.3,114.3,113.1,55.7,52.3(q,J=30.0Hz),45.4;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ–73.4;HPLC(OJ-H,elute:Hexanes/i-PrOH=95/5,detector:230nm,flow rate:0.9mL/min),30℃,t1=30.0min,t2=60.0min(maj);HRMS(ESI)m/z Calculated for C16 H16 F3 N2[M+H]+293.1260,found293.1262.

Claims (5)

1.一种合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于,所述方法以3-三氟甲基喹喔啉酮类化合物为反应底物,以钯的手性双磷配体为催化剂,不对称氢化合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物,反应式和条件如下:
Figure FDA0003244202720000011
式中:
Ar为苯基或含有取代基的苯环,所述的取代基为CF3、卤素或C1-C20的烷基取代基中的至少一种;
R为H、C1-5的烷基取代基或苄基取代基中的一种;
反应条件:
温度:0-80℃;
溶剂:2,2,2-三氟乙醇或六氟异丙醇;
压力:100-600psi
时间:15-48小时;
催化剂制备:向反应瓶中投入钯的金属前体和手性双膦配体,氮气置换后加入丙酮,室温搅拌1小时,然后真空浓缩除去丙酮,得到所述催化剂;
所述钯的金属前体为三氟醋酸钯,醋酸钯或氯化钯;
所述手性双膦配体为(R)-MeO-Biphep,(R)-SynPhos,(R)-SegPhos,(R)-BINAP,(R)-DifluorPhos,(R)-Cl-MeO-Biphep中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法的具体反应步骤为:
在氮气气氛下,向放有所述催化剂的反应瓶中加入溶剂,然后将反应瓶中的溶液转到预先放有3-三氟甲基喹喔啉类化合物反应底物的反应釜中,通入氢气100-600psi,0-80℃反应15-48小时,得到所述手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物;所述钯的金属前体、手性双膦配体和反应底物的摩尔比为1:1.1:50-1:1.1:200。
3.一种合成3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述反应式为以钯的手性双磷配体为催化剂,对3-三氟甲基喹喔啉酮类化合物不对称氢化反应合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物,
Figure FDA0003244202720000021
催化剂制备:向反应瓶中投入钯的金属前体和手性双膦配体,氮气置换后加入丙酮,室温搅拌1小时,然后真空浓缩除去丙酮,得到所述催化剂;
钯的金属前体为三氟醋酸钯,醋酸钯或氯化钯,手性双膦配体为(R)-SegPhos,溶剂为六氟异丙醇,Ar为6,7-Ph2-C6H2,R为H;温度为60℃,氢气压力为600psi,时间:15-48小时。
4.一种合成3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述反应式为以钯的手性双磷配体为催化剂,对3-三氟甲基喹喔啉酮类化合物不对称氢化反应合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物,
Figure FDA0003244202720000022
催化剂制备:向反应瓶中投入钯的金属前体和手性双膦配体,氮气置换后加入丙酮,室温搅拌1小时,然后真空浓缩除去丙酮,得到所述催化剂;
钯的金属前体为三氟醋酸钯,醋酸钯或氯化钯,手性双膦配体为(R)-SegPhos,溶剂为六氟异丙醇,Ar为6,7-(4-MeO-C6H4)2-C6H2,R为H;温度为60℃,氢气压力为600psi,时间:15-48小时。
5.一种合成3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述反应式为以钯的手性双磷配体为催化剂,对3-三氟甲基喹喔啉酮类化合物不对称氢化反应合成手性3-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢喹喔啉酮类化合物,
Figure FDA0003244202720000023
催化剂制备:向反应瓶中投入钯的金属前体和手性双膦配体,氮气置换后加入丙酮,室温搅拌1小时,然后真空浓缩除去丙酮,得到所述催化剂;
钯的金属前体为三氟醋酸钯,醋酸钯或氯化钯,手性双膦配体为(R)-SegPhos,溶剂为六氟异丙醇,Ar为6,7-(2-MeO-C6H4)2-C6H2,R为H;温度为60℃,氢气压力为600psi,时间:15-48小时。
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