CN111477707A - Double-sided photovoltaic module adopting transparent plastic backboard and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Double-sided photovoltaic module adopting transparent plastic backboard and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111477707A CN111477707A CN202010343502.XA CN202010343502A CN111477707A CN 111477707 A CN111477707 A CN 111477707A CN 202010343502 A CN202010343502 A CN 202010343502A CN 111477707 A CN111477707 A CN 111477707A
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 titanium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 claims 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 104
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- LSONXNMNZYBRDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-benzotriazole;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC=C2NN=NC2=C1 LSONXNMNZYBRDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-sided photovoltaic module adopting a transparent plastic back plate and a preparation process thereof. According to the invention, the surface energy of the PET layer can be improved through the surface treatment process, so that the PET layer is bonded with the fluorine-containing PVDF layer and the PVF layer more tightly, the aluminum silicate and silicon dioxide contained in the PET layer and the coating on the PVDF layer can improve the tolerance of the backboard to external stimulation, effectively improve the strength and the ageing resistance of the backboard, prolong the service life, improve the blocking capacity to ions, prevent the ions from migrating in the assembly, relieve the PID effect in the photovoltaic assembly, improve the inhibition capacity of the backboard to the PID effect, and the method is suitable for wide popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the photovoltaic field, in particular to a double-sided photovoltaic module adopting a transparent plastic backboard and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The photovoltaic module is a device for directly converting light energy into electric energy through a photoelectric effect, in the photovoltaic industry, the module is researched in many aspects, a solar backboard is positioned on the back of the photovoltaic module and plays a role in protecting and supporting a cell, the conventional double-sided photovoltaic module generally adopts glass as a backboard, the module is easy to bend and deform when no frame exists, the cell is hidden and cracked, the phenomena of yellowing, delamination, fragmentation and the like can also occur when the glass is burst, and compared with a glass backboard, the transparent plastic backboard has poor weather resistance and ageing resistance. Therefore, a double-sided photovoltaic module adopting a transparent plastic back plate and a preparation process thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-sided photovoltaic module adopting a transparent plastic backboard and a preparation process thereof, and solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the double-sided photovoltaic module comprises coated glass, a battery sheet layer and a back plate, wherein the battery sheet layer is positioned between the coated glass and the back plate, the lower part of the coated glass is connected with the battery sheet layer through a first EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive film, and the lower part of the battery sheet layer is connected with the back plate through a second EVA adhesive film.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coated glass comprises a nano film layer, a magnesium fluoride film layer, a silicon dioxide film layer and ultra-white patterned glass from top to bottom, wherein the nano film layer is prepared from titanium chloride, lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride, platinum and silane.
In the technical scheme, the magnesium fluoride film layer can increase the overall strength of the coated glass, the light transmission amount of the film layer is increased due to the fact that the refractive index is small, the single-layer silicon dioxide film layer can enhance the thermal stability and the pollution resistance of the film layer, the light transmittance is remarkably improved, the light attenuation is reduced, the weather resistance of the coated glass layer is improved by combining with the ultra-white patterned glass substrate, and the overall anti-reflection effect of the coated glass layer is enhanced.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first EVA adhesive film and the second EVA adhesive film have the same components, and the first EVA adhesive film includes the following components by weight: 100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.02-0.2 part of dicumyl peroxide, 0.03-0.1 part of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.02-0.3 part of N-octadecyl propionate, 0.03-0.1 part of benzotriazole, 0.01-0.1 part of chlorinated benzotriazole, 0.04-0.3 part of polyethylene-zinc methacrylate, 0.04-0.3 part of polystyrene zinc sulfonate and 0.05-3 parts of chitosan.
In the technical scheme, the heat resistance, the flame retardance and the mechanical strength of the EVA adhesive film can be improved by dicumyl peroxide and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, the oxidation resistance of the EVA adhesive film is improved by the action of N-octadecyl propionate, benzotriazole and benzotriazole chloride, the sunlight reflection is more stable, the blocking capacity of the EVA adhesive film on ions can be improved by polyethylene-zinc methacrylate and zinc polystyrene sulfonate, the ions are prevented from migrating in the assembly, the PID effect in the photovoltaic assembly is relieved, the chitosan serving as an antibacterial agent can inhibit the breeding of bacteria and keep the cleanness of the EVA adhesive film, the weather resistance and the aging resistance of the EVA adhesive film are improved by the combined action of the raw materials, and the service life of the photovoltaic assembly is prolonged.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the back sheet comprises a PVDF layer, a PET layer and a PVF layer from bottom to top, wherein the PET layer comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of PET resin, 3-10 parts of aluminum silicate and 3-10 parts of silicon dioxide.
In the technical scheme, the PVDF layer and the PVF layer are fluorine-containing film layers, the tolerance capability of the back plate to external stimulation can be improved, the back plate has the performances of high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance and low friction and abrasion resistance, the PET layer contains aluminum silicate and silicon dioxide, the strength and the ageing resistance can be effectively improved, and the service life is prolonged.
A preparation process of a double-sided photovoltaic module adopting a transparent plastic backboard comprises the following steps:
1) preparing coated glass:
a) preparing a nano film layer, b) coating, c) tempering;
2) preparing a first EVA adhesive film and a second EVA adhesive film;
3) preparing a back plate:
a) preparing a PET layer, b) treating a PVDF layer, c) laminating;
4) preparing a battery sheet layer:
a) cleaning, b) texturing and c) sorting;
5) laminating;
6) framing:
assembling the laminated components by using a frame;
7) packaging:
fixing the assembly on a wooden tray by using a paper box and a packing belt;
8) and (3) testing:
and testing, and obtaining a finished product after the test is qualified.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 1) includes the steps of:
a) preparing a nano film layer:
mixing n-butanol, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and cyclohexane, stirring for 10-20min, adding a titanium chloride solution, adding lanthanum chloride and cerium chloride, wherein the molar ratio of the lanthanum chloride to the titanium chloride is 1: 0.01-0.04, stirring for 30-45min, adding 4-6 mol/L ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the solution to 8-9, stirring for 2-5h, standing and aging for 36h to obtain a precipitate A;
adding 0.4-0.6 mol/L ammonia water solution into the precipitate A generated in the aging process, fully washing to obtain precipitate B, adding acetone into absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain solution, adding the solution into the solution to obtain precipitate B, fully washing, and finally washing with deionized water to obtain precipitate C;
uniformly mixing platinum and silane with the precipitate C, wherein the molar ratio of titanium ions to platinum and silicon ions is 1: 0.010-0.05: 0.001-0.010, vacuum drying at 60-80 ℃ for 30-60min, and then roasting in a furnace at 600-800 ℃ for 2-3h in an ammonia atmosphere to obtain a product D;
b) plating:
coating a silicon dioxide film layer, namely heating the super-white patterned glass at 278-320 ℃ for 8-12min, then sputtering the super-white patterned glass by using nano silicon dioxide as a target material in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-3Pa-1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 120-165W, the sputtering time is 2-3h, and coating to obtain a first substrate;
a step of plating a magnesium fluoride film layer, which is to sputter on a first substrate by taking magnesium fluoride as a target material in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-3Pa-1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 90-100W, the sputtering time is 1-2h, and a second substrate is obtained by film plating;
plating a nano film layer, namely sputtering on a second substrate by taking a raw material D as a target material in an argon and nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-3Pa-1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 180-220W, the sputtering time is 2-3h, the volume ratio of nitrogen to argon is 1: 4, and a third substrate is obtained by film plating;
c) tempering:
heating the third substrate at 650-780 ℃ for 20-30S, and then rapidly cooling to 145-160S to obtain the coated glass.
In the technical scheme, the prepared magnesium fluoride film layer has higher density, so that the coated glass has higher strength and waterproof performance, the bonding strength is high, the nano-film layer contains titanium dioxide, silicon nitride, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide and platinum after being prepared, the silicon nitride is compact, the combination of the titanium dioxide and the lanthanum oxide, the cerium oxide and the platinum can improve the blocking capability to ions and relieve the PID effect in a photovoltaic module, and when the spectral response range of the titanium dioxide is expanded and the utilization rate of visible light is improved, promotes the improvement of the photocatalytic activity of the titanium dioxide, increases the self-cleaning capacity of the coated glass, improves the hydrophilicity of the film layer, promotes the decomposition of dirt, thereby improve photovoltaic module to the utilization ratio of sunlight, super white knurling glass produces chemical reaction with the contact surface of rete under high temperature, and the combination of the two is inseparable, has higher ageing resistance when its intensity improves.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 2) includes the steps of:
placing dicumyl peroxide, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, N-octadecyl propionate, benzotriazole, chlorinated benzotriazole, polyethylene-zinc methacrylate, zinc polystyrene sulfonate and chitosan into a stirrer, stirring for 20-40min, mixing the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in 20-33% of the components with the raw materials for 12-25min, mixing the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in 20-33% of the components with the raw materials for 15-30min, and then mixing the residual ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components with the raw materials for 18-36min, putting the mixed raw materials into an internal mixer, mixing for 15-25min at 145-160 ℃, granulating after mixing, and finally preparing EVA adhesive films, namely a first EVA adhesive film and a second EVA adhesive film.
In the technical scheme, the heat resistance, the flame retardance and the mechanical strength of the EVA adhesive film are correspondingly improved due to the addition and interaction of various raw materials, the oxidation resistance is improved, the reflection of sunlight is more stable, the blocking capability of ions is improved, the ions are prevented from migrating in the assembly, the PID effect in the photovoltaic assembly is relieved, the bacterial growth can be inhibited, the cleanness of the EVA adhesive film is kept, the weather resistance and the anti-aging capability of the EVA adhesive film are improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic assembly is prolonged.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 3) includes the steps of:
a) preparing a PET layer: preheating surface treating agent to 58-63 deg.C, stirring nano silicon dioxide and aluminum silicate at 90-100 deg.C, adding preheated surface treating agent several times, continuously stirring for 20-40min, adding partial PET resin, blending, stirring for 15min, cooling to room temperature, granulating with twin screw to obtain nano PET resin, vacuum drying the rest PET resin at 120-130 deg.C for 3-5h, mixing with nanometer PET resin, extruding at 275 deg.C and 250 deg.C by an extruder to obtain thick sheet, biaxially stretching, preheating to 90-105 deg.C, longitudinal stretching is carried out at a stretching temperature of 102 ℃ and 118 ℃ and a stretching ratio of 2.2 to 3.8 times, transversely stretching at a stretching temperature of 102-112 ℃ and a stretching ratio of 2.2-3.8 times, and then performing heat setting and cooling to finally prepare a PET layer, wherein the heat setting temperature is 225-250 ℃;
b) treating the PVDF layer: mixing titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, polycarbonate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hollow glass microspheres to prepare a coating, carrying out corona treatment on a PVF membrane for 1-4 times in a nitrogen atmosphere, coating the coating on the surface of the PVF membrane, and drying for 30-90min at 50-60 ℃ to prepare a PVDF layer;
c) combining: performing laser treatment on the PET layer by using excited atoms, coating adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ for 45-90s, then coating a PVDF layer on the adhesive, standing for 30-60min, then performing laser again on the other surface of the PET layer by using the excited atoms, coating the adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ for 45-90s, then coating a PVF layer on the adhesive, and curing at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ for 24-36h to obtain the back panel.
In the technical scheme, the PVDF layer and the PVF layer are fluorine-containing film layers, the surface energy of the PVDF layer and the PVF layer can be improved by utilizing a surface treatment process, so that the PET layer is bonded with the PVDF layer and the PVF layer more tightly, and the aluminum silicate, the silicon dioxide and the paint on the PVDF layer in the PET layer can improve the tolerance of the backboard to external stimulation, effectively improve the strength and the ageing resistance of the backboard and prolong the service life.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 4) includes the steps of:
a) cleaning:
firstly, spraying water at high pressure on a battery piece to clean the surface of the battery piece, then placing the battery piece in a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1-2% to react for 6-15min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, then taking out the battery piece and placing the battery piece in pure water for 1-10min to remove residues on the surface of the battery piece;
b) texturing:
taking a sodium hydroxide solution, adding indolpropion and absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution A, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 1-2% and the concentration of absolute ethyl alcohol is 7-50% according to the weight ratio, putting the cleaned battery piece into the solution A, treating at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ for 1-10min, taking out the battery piece, putting the battery piece into pure water for 4-6min, and removing the residual solution on the surface of the battery piece;
putting the cell into 0.3-0.45% hydrogen fluoride solution, reacting for 3-6min, taking out, putting into pure water for 4-6min, and removing the residue on the surface of the cell;
finally, putting the cell into a hydrogen chloride solution with the concentration of 0.55-0.7%, reacting for 6-10min, taking out and putting into pure water for 4-6min, removing residues on the surface of the cell, spraying the cell for 8-10min by using the pure water, and fully cleaning the surface of the cell;
c) sorting:
and selecting qualified battery pieces with required quantity, dividing the battery pieces with consistent color and same efficiency into the same component, and welding the battery pieces with each other by using an automatic welding machine to obtain the battery piece layer.
In the technical scheme, through cleaning and texturing processes, mechanical damage on the surface of the cell can be removed, organic matters and metal impurities adhered to the surface of the cell can be removed, cleanness of the cell is ensured, the surface of the cell is treated, the number of times of refraction of sunlight on the surface of the cell is increased, the cell is convenient to absorb the sunlight, and the utilization rate of a photovoltaic module to the sunlight is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 5) includes the steps of:
starting a laminating machine, heating to 136-145 ℃, stacking the components to be laminated in the order of coated glass, a first EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) film, a battery piece, a second EVA film and a back plate, putting the laid component glass face down into the laminating machine, covering the laminating machine, vacuumizing the components, keeping the vacuum degree of an upper chamber and a lower chamber at 92-100Pa, the vacuum time at 5-6min, keeping the vacuum degree of the lower chamber at 0Pa, inflating and pressurizing the upper chamber, keeping the pressure at 25-35MPa, adjusting the pressure for 1-2min, starting laminating, keeping the vacuum degree of the lower chamber at 68-75Pa and the vacuum degree of the upper chamber at 0Pa, keeping the temperature for 1-2min, cooling to 30-60 ℃, continuing laminating for 1-3min, inflating the lower chamber by using the external atmosphere, vacuumizing the upper chamber for 45-90s, opening the upper cover, taking out the laminated component, cooling to normal temperature, and obtaining the photovoltaic module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the double-sided photovoltaic module adopting the transparent plastic backboard and the preparation process thereof, the surface energy of the PET layer can be improved through the surface treatment process, so that the PET layer is bonded with the fluorine-containing PVDF layer and the PVF layer more tightly, the aluminum silicate, the silicon dioxide and the paint on the PVDF layer in the PET layer can improve the tolerance of the backboard to external stimulation, effectively improve the strength and the ageing resistance, prolong the service life, improve the blocking capacity to ions, prevent the ions from migrating in the module, relieve the PID effect in the photovoltaic module and improve the inhibition capacity of the backboard to the PID effect.
2. According to the double-sided photovoltaic module adopting the transparent plastic backboard and the preparation process thereof, the heat resistance, the flame retardance and the mechanical strength of the EVA adhesive film are correspondingly improved through the addition and interaction of various raw materials in the EVA adhesive film, the oxidation resistance is improved, the reflection of sunlight is more stable, the blocking capability of ions is improved, the ions are prevented from migrating in the module, the PID effect in the photovoltaic module is relieved, the bacterial breeding can be inhibited, the cleanness of the EVA adhesive film is kept, the weather resistance and the aging resistance of the EVA adhesive film are improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged.
3. The double-sided photovoltaic module adopting the transparent plastic backboard and the preparation process thereof have the advantages that the coated glass has higher strength and waterproof performance under the action of the magnesium fluoride film layer through the three groups of film layers and the ultra-white embossed glass base layer on the coated glass, the bonding strength is higher, silicon nitride in the nano film layer is more compact, the blocking capacity to ions can be improved by combining with titanium dioxide, the PID effect in the photovoltaic module is relieved, the spectrum response range of the titanium dioxide is expanded by lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide and platinum, the utilization rate of visible light is improved, meanwhile, the improvement of the photocatalytic activity of the titanium dioxide is promoted, the self-cleaning capacity of the coated glass is increased, the hydrophilicity of the film layer is improved, the decomposition of dirt is promoted, the utilization rate of sunlight by the photovoltaic module is improved, and the ultra-white embossed glass generates chemical reaction with the contact surface of the film layer at high temperature, the two are tightly combined, and the strength of the product is improved, and the product has high anti-aging capability.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a double-sided photovoltaic module using a transparent plastic back sheet and a manufacturing process thereof according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. coating film glass; 2. a first EVA adhesive film; 3. a battery piece; 4. a second EVA adhesive film; 5. a back plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
Mixing n-butyl alcohol, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and cyclohexane, stirring for 10min, adding a titanium chloride solution, adding lanthanum chloride and cerium chloride, wherein the molar ratio of lanthanum chloride to titanium chloride is 1:0.01, stirring for 30min, adding 4 mol/L ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the solution to 8, stirring for 2h, standing, aging for 36h to obtain a precipitate A, adding 0.4 mol/L ammonia water solution into the precipitate A generated by aging in the operation, fully washing to obtain a precipitate B, adding acetone into absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution, adding the solution into the operation to obtain a precipitate B, fully washing, finally washing with deionized water to obtain a precipitate C, uniformly mixing platinum and silane with the precipitate C, wherein the molar ratio of titanium ions to platinum ions to silicon ions is 1: 0.010: 0.001, vacuum drying for 30min at 60 ℃, putting the mixture into a furnace, roasting at 600 ℃ in an ammonia atmosphere, and roasting to obtain a product D;
and (2) coating a silicon dioxide film layer, namely heating the ultra-white patterned glass at 278-320 ℃ for 8min, sputtering the ultra-white patterned glass on nano silicon dioxide serving as a target in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise a vacuum degree of 1.0 × 10-3PaPa, a sputtering power of 120W and a sputtering time of 2h, coating to obtain a first substrate, sputtering the first substrate on a magnesium fluoride target in the argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise a vacuum degree of 1.0 × 10-3PaPa, a sputtering power of 90W and a sputtering time of 1h to obtain a second substrate, sputtering the second substrate on the second substrate in an argon and nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the product D serves as the target, the sputtering process parameters comprise a vacuum degree of 1.0 × 10-3PaPa, a sputtering power of 180W and a sputtering time of 2h, the volume ratio of nitrogen to argon is 1: 4, coating to obtain a third substrate, heating the third substrate at 650 ℃ for 20S, and rapidly cooling the glass to obtain 145S.
Taking 0.02 part of dicumyl peroxide, 0.03 part of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.02 part of N-octadecyl propionate, 0.03 part of benzotriazole, 0.01 part of chlorinated benzotriazole, 0.04 part of polyethylene-zinc methacrylate, 0.04 part of polystyrene sulfonic acid zinc and 0.05 part of chitosan, putting the materials into a stirrer, stirring for 20min, taking 20% of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components, blending the materials for 12min, taking 20% of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components, blending the raw materials for 15min, taking the rest of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components, blending the raw materials for 18min, putting the mixed raw materials into an internal mixer, mixing for 15min at 145 ℃, granulating after mixing, and finally preparing EVA adhesive films, namely a first EVA adhesive film and a second EVA adhesive film;
preheating a surface treating agent to 58 ℃, stirring 3 parts of aluminum silicate and 3 parts of silicon dioxide at 900 ℃, adding the preheated surface treating agent for multiple times, continuously stirring for 20min, adding part of PET resin, blending, stirring for 15min, cooling to room temperature, granulating by using a double screw to obtain nano PET resin, vacuum drying the residual PET resin for 3h at 120 ℃, mixing with the nano PET resin, extruding by using an extruder at 250 ℃ to prepare a thick sheet, performing bidirectional stretching, preheating to 90 ℃, performing longitudinal stretching at a stretching temperature of 102 ℃ and a stretching multiple of 2.2 times, performing transverse stretching at a stretching temperature of 102 ℃ and a stretching multiple of 2.2 times, performing heat setting, and cooling to finally prepare a PET layer, wherein the heat setting temperature is 225 ℃;
mixing titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, polycarbonate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hollow glass microspheres to prepare a coating, carrying out corona treatment on a PVF membrane for 1 time in a nitrogen atmosphere, coating the coating on the surface of the PVF membrane, and drying for 30min at 50 ℃ to prepare a PVDF layer;
carrying out laser treatment on the PET layer by using excited atoms, coating adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at 120 ℃ for 45s, then coating a PVDF layer on the adhesive, standing for 30min, then carrying out laser treatment on the other surface of the PET layer by using the excited atoms again, coating the adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at 120 ℃ for 45s, then coating a PVF layer on the adhesive, and curing at 45 ℃ for 24h to obtain the back plate;
spraying water at high pressure on the cell, cleaning the surface of the cell, placing the cell in a 1-2% sodium hydroxide solution, reacting at 60 ℃ for 6min, taking out the cell, placing the cell in pure water for 1min, and removing residues on the surface of the cell; adding indolpropion and absolute ethyl alcohol into a sodium hydroxide solution to prepare a solution A, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 1% and the concentration of absolute ethyl alcohol is 7% in weight ratio, putting the cleaned battery piece into the solution A, treating at the temperature of 75 ℃ for 1min, taking out, putting into pure water for 4min, and removing the residual solution on the surface of the battery piece; putting the cell into a hydrogen fluoride solution with the concentration of 0.3%, reacting for 3min, taking out, putting into pure water for 4min, and removing residues on the surface of the cell; finally, putting the cell into a hydrogen chloride solution with the concentration of 0.55%, reacting for 6min, taking out and putting into pure water for 4min, removing residues on the surface of the cell, spraying the cell for 8min by using the pure water, and fully cleaning the surface of the cell;
selecting qualified battery pieces with required quantity, dividing the battery pieces with consistent color and same efficiency into the same assembly, and mutually welding the battery pieces by using an automatic welding machine to obtain a battery piece layer;
starting a laminating machine, heating to 136 ℃, stacking the components to be laminated according to the sequence of coated glass, a first EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) adhesive film, a battery piece, a second EVA adhesive film and a back plate, putting the laid component glass into the laminating machine with the surface facing downwards, covering the laminating machine, vacuumizing the components, keeping the vacuum degree of an upper chamber and a lower chamber at 92Pa and the vacuum time at 5min, keeping the lower chamber at vacuum, inflating and pressurizing the upper chamber, keeping the pressure at 25MPa, adjusting the pressure for 1min, starting laminating, keeping the vacuum degree of the lower chamber at 68Pa and the vacuum degree of the upper chamber at 0Pa, keeping the temperature for 1min, cooling to 30 ℃, continuing laminating for 1min, inflating the lower chamber by using the external atmosphere, vacuumizing the upper chamber for 45s, opening the upper cover, taking out the laminated components, and cooling to the normal temperature to obtain the photovoltaic component;
assembling the laminated components by using a frame; fixing the assembly on a wooden tray by using a paper box and a packing belt; and finally, testing, and obtaining a finished product after the test is qualified.
Example 2
Mixing n-butyl alcohol, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and cyclohexane, stirring for 15min, adding a titanium chloride solution, adding lanthanum chloride and cerium chloride, wherein the molar ratio of lanthanum chloride to titanium chloride is 1:0.03, stirring for 38min, adding 5 mol/L ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the solution to 8.5, stirring for 4h, standing and aging for 36h to obtain a precipitate A, adding a precipitate A generated by aging in the operation into a 0.5 mol/L ammonia water solution, fully washing to obtain a precipitate B, adding acetone into absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution, adding the solution into the operation to obtain a precipitate B, fully washing, washing with deionized water to obtain a precipitate C, uniformly mixing platinum and silane with the precipitate C, wherein the molar ratio of titanium ions to platinum ions to silicon ions is 1: 0.03: 0.006, vacuum drying for 45min at 70 ℃, putting the mixture into an ammonia gas furnace in the atmosphere at 700 ℃ for 2.5h to obtain a product D, and roasting;
and (2) coating a silicon dioxide film layer, namely heating the ultra-white patterned glass at 300 ℃ for 10min, sputtering the ultra-white patterned glass on nano silicon dioxide serving as a target in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-4Pa, the sputtering power is 142W, the sputtering time is 2.5h, coating to obtain a first substrate, sputtering the first substrate on magnesium fluoride serving as the target in the argon atmosphere, the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-4Pa, the sputtering power is 95W, the sputtering time is 1.5h, coating to obtain a second substrate, sputtering the second substrate on the second substrate in the argon and nitrogen atmosphere, the product D serving as the target, the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-4Pa, the sputtering power is 200W, the sputtering time is 2.5h, the volume ratio of nitrogen to argon is 1: 4, coating to obtain a third substrate, rapidly heating the third substrate at the high temperature of 25S, and cooling the glass to obtain the glass.
Taking 0.11 part of dicumyl peroxide, 0.07 part of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.16 part of N-octadecyl propionate, 0.07 part of benzotriazole, 0.06 part of chlorinated benzotriazole, 0.17 part of polyethylene-zinc methacrylate, 0.17 part of polystyrene sulfonic acid zinc and 0.17 part of chitosan, putting the materials into a stirrer to be stirred for 30min, taking 27% of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components to be mixed with the materials for 12-25min, taking 27% of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components to be mixed with the materials for 23min, taking the rest ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components to be mixed with the materials for 24min, putting the mixed materials into an internal mixer to be mixed for 20min at 155 ℃, granulating after mixing is finished, and finally preparing EVA adhesive films, namely a first EVA adhesive film and a second EVA adhesive film;
preheating a surface treating agent to 60 ℃, stirring 7 parts of aluminum silicate and 7 parts of silicon dioxide at 95 ℃, adding the preheated surface treating agent for multiple times, continuously stirring for 30min, adding part of PET resin, blending, stirring for 15min, cooling to room temperature, granulating by using a double screw to obtain nano PET resin, vacuum drying the rest PET resin at 125 ℃ for 4h, mixing with the nano PET resin, extruding by using an extruder at 268 ℃ to obtain a thick sheet, performing bidirectional stretching, preheating to 98 ℃, performing longitudinal stretching at the stretching temperature of 110 ℃ and the stretching multiple of 3 times, performing transverse stretching at the stretching temperature of 110 ℃ and the stretching multiple of 3 times, performing heat setting, and cooling to obtain a PET layer, wherein the heat setting temperature is 238 ℃;
mixing titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, polycarbonate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hollow glass microspheres to prepare a coating, carrying out corona treatment on a PVF membrane for 3 times in a nitrogen atmosphere, coating the coating on the surface of the PVF membrane, and drying for 60min at 55 ℃ to prepare a PVDF layer;
carrying out laser treatment on the PET layer by using excited atoms, coating adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at 150 ℃ for 60 seconds, then coating a PVDF layer on the adhesive, standing for 45min, then carrying out laser treatment on the other surface of the PET layer by using the excited atoms again, coating the adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at 160 ℃ for 68 seconds, then coating a PVF layer on the adhesive, and curing at 50 ℃ for 32 hours to obtain the back plate;
spraying water at high pressure on the cell, cleaning the surface of the cell, placing the cell in a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1.5% to react for 20min at 70 ℃, taking out the cell and placing the cell in pure water for 7min, and removing residues on the surface of the cell; adding indolpropion and absolute ethyl alcohol into a sodium hydroxide solution to prepare a solution A, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 1.5% and the concentration of absolute ethyl alcohol is 28% according to the weight ratio, putting the cleaned battery piece into the solution A, treating at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 6min, taking out, putting into pure water for 5min, and removing the residual solution on the surface of the battery piece; putting the cell into a hydrogen fluoride solution with the concentration of 0.38%, reacting for 5min, taking out, putting into pure water for 5min, and removing residues on the surface of the cell; finally, putting the cell into a hydrogen chloride solution with the concentration of 0.63%, reacting for 8min, taking out, putting into pure water for 5min, removing residues on the surface of the cell, spraying the cell for 9min by using the pure water, and fully cleaning the surface of the cell;
selecting qualified battery pieces with required quantity, dividing the battery pieces with consistent color and same efficiency into the same assembly, and mutually welding the battery pieces by using an automatic welding machine to obtain a battery piece layer;
starting a laminating machine, heating to 140 ℃, stacking the components to be laminated in the order of coated glass, a first EVA adhesive film, a battery piece, a second EVA adhesive film and a back plate, putting the laid component glass into the laminating machine with the surface facing downwards, covering the laminating machine, vacuumizing the components, keeping the vacuum degree of an upper chamber and a lower chamber at 96Pa and the vacuum time at 5min, keeping the lower chamber at vacuum, inflating and pressurizing the upper chamber, keeping the pressure at 30MPa, adjusting the pressure for 1.5min, starting laminating, keeping the vacuum degree of the lower chamber at 70Pa and the vacuum degree of the upper chamber at 0Pa, keeping the temperature for 1.5min, cooling to 45 ℃, continuing laminating for 2min, inflating the lower chamber by using the external atmosphere, vacuumizing the upper chamber for 68s, opening the upper cover, taking out the laminated components, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the photovoltaic component;
assembling the laminated components by using a frame; fixing the assembly on a wooden tray by using a paper box and a packing belt; and finally, testing, and obtaining a finished product after the test is qualified.
Example 3
Mixing n-butyl alcohol, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and cyclohexane, stirring for 10-20min, adding a titanium chloride solution, adding lanthanum chloride and cerium chloride, wherein the molar ratio of lanthanum chloride to titanium chloride is 1: 0.04, stirring for 45min, adding 6 mol/L ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the solution to 9, stirring for 5h, standing and aging for 36h to obtain a precipitate A, adding a 0.6 mol/L ammonia water solution to the precipitate A generated by aging in the operation, fully washing to obtain a precipitate B, adding acetone to absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution, adding the solution to the operation to obtain a precipitate B, fully washing, washing with deionized water to obtain a precipitate C, uniformly mixing platinum and silane with the precipitate C, wherein the molar ratio of titanium ions to platinum ions to silicon ions is 1: 0.05: 0.010, vacuum drying for 60min at 80 ℃, putting the mixture into an ammonia gas furnace, and roasting at 800 ℃ for 3h in the atmosphere to obtain a product D;
a step of coating a silicon dioxide film layer, which is to heat the ultra-white figured glass at 320 ℃ for 12min, then sputter the ultra-white figured glass on nano silicon dioxide serving as a target in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 165W, the sputtering time is 3h, and coat to obtain a first substrate, sputter the magnesium fluoride serving as the target in the argon atmosphere on the first substrate, the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 100W, the sputtering time is 2h, and coat to obtain a second substrate, sputter the product D serving as the target in the argon and nitrogen atmosphere on the second substrate, the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 220W, the sputtering time is 3h, and the volume ratio of nitrogen to argon is 1: 4, and coat to obtain a third substrate;
taking 0.2 part of dicumyl peroxide, 0.1 part of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.3 part of N-octadecyl propionate, 0.1 part of benzotriazole, 0.1 part of chlorinated benzotriazole, 0.3 part of polyethylene-zinc methacrylate, 0.3 part of zinc polystyrene sulfonate and 3 parts of chitosan, putting the materials into a stirrer, stirring for 40min, taking 33% of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components, blending the materials for 25min, taking 33% of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components, blending the materials for 30min, taking the rest of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components, blending the rest of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components with the materials for 36min, putting the mixed materials into an internal mixer, mixing for 25min at 160 ℃, granulating after mixing is completed, and finally preparing EVA adhesive films, namely a first EVA adhesive film and a second EVA adhesive film;
preheating a surface treating agent to 63 ℃, further taking 10 parts of aluminum silicate and 10 parts of silicon dioxide, stirring at 100 ℃, adding the preheated surface treating agent for multiple times, continuously stirring for 40min, then adding part of PET resin, blending, stirring for 15min, cooling to room temperature, granulating by a double screw, preparing nano PET resin, further taking the rest PET resin, vacuum drying for 5h at 130 ℃, mixing with the nano PET resin, extruding by an extruder at 275 ℃ to prepare thick sheets, performing bidirectional stretching, preheating to 105 ℃, performing longitudinal stretching at a stretching temperature of 118 ℃ and a stretching multiple of 3.8 times, performing transverse stretching at a stretching temperature of 112 ℃ and a stretching multiple of 3.8 times, performing heat setting, and cooling to finally prepare a PET layer, wherein the heat setting temperature is 250 ℃;
mixing titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, polycarbonate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hollow glass microspheres to prepare a coating, carrying out corona treatment on a PVF membrane for 4 times in a nitrogen atmosphere, coating the coating on the surface of the PVF membrane, and drying for 90min at 60 ℃ to prepare a PVDF layer;
carrying out laser treatment on the PET layer by using excited atoms, coating adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at 180 ℃ for 90s, then coating a PVDF layer on the adhesive, standing for 60min, then carrying out laser treatment on the other surface of the PET layer by using the excited atoms again, coating the adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at 180 ℃ for 90s, then coating a PVF layer on the adhesive, and curing at 55 ℃ for 36h to obtain the back plate;
spraying water at high pressure on the cell, cleaning the surface of the cell, placing the cell in a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2% to react for 15min at 80 ℃, taking out the cell and placing the cell in pure water for 10min, and removing residues on the surface of the cell; taking a sodium hydroxide solution, adding indolpropion and absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution A, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 2% and the concentration of absolute ethyl alcohol is 50% according to the weight ratio, putting the cleaned battery piece into the solution A, treating at 85 ℃ for 10min, taking out, putting into pure water for 6min, and removing the residual solution on the surface of the battery piece; putting the cell into a hydrogen fluoride solution with the concentration of 0.45%, reacting for 6min, taking out, putting into pure water for 6min, and removing residues on the surface of the cell; finally, putting the cell into a hydrogen chloride solution with the concentration of 0.7%, reacting for 10min, taking out and putting into pure water for 6min, removing residues on the surface of the cell, spraying the cell for 10min by using the pure water, and fully cleaning the surface of the cell;
selecting qualified battery pieces with required quantity, dividing the battery pieces with consistent color and same efficiency into the same assembly, and mutually welding the battery pieces by using an automatic welding machine to obtain a battery piece layer;
starting a laminating machine, heating to 145 ℃, stacking the components to be laminated in the order of coated glass, a first EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) adhesive film, a battery piece, a second EVA adhesive film and a back plate, putting the laid component glass into the laminating machine with the surface facing downwards, covering the laminating machine, vacuumizing the components, keeping the vacuum degree of an upper chamber and a lower chamber at 100Pa for 6min, keeping the lower chamber at vacuum, inflating and pressurizing the upper chamber, keeping the pressure at 35MPa, adjusting the pressure for 2min, starting laminating, keeping the vacuum degree of the lower chamber at 75Pa and the vacuum degree of the upper chamber at 0Pa, keeping the temperature for 2min, cooling to 60 ℃, continuing laminating for 3min, inflating the lower chamber by using external atmosphere, vacuumizing the upper chamber for 90s, opening the upper cover, taking out the laminated components, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the photovoltaic component;
assembling the laminated components by using a frame; fixing the assembly on a wooden tray by using a paper box and a packing belt; and finally, testing, and obtaining a finished product after the test is qualified.
Experiment:
taking the double-sided photovoltaic module and the common double-sided photovoltaic module prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3, biasing the double-sided photovoltaic module and the common double-sided photovoltaic module at 85 ℃ and 85% RH under high-pressure, high-temperature and high-humidity environment for 20 hours, testing the PID resistance, respectively testing the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage, recording the detection result, comparing the detection result with the data before the experiment, and obtaining the following data:
from the data in the table above, it is clear that the following conclusions can be drawn:
the embodiment 1-3 and the common double-sided photovoltaic module form a contrast experiment before and after aging, and the detection result shows that the attenuation of the power in the double-sided photovoltaic module in the embodiment 1-3 has no obvious change, which fully shows that the invention can effectively improve the PID effect resistance of the double-sided photovoltaic module, improves the utilization rate of the module to sunlight energy, and has higher practicability.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an adopt two-sided photovoltaic module of transparent plastic backplate, includes coated glass (1), battery piece layer (3) and backplate (5), its characterized in that: the solar cell comprises a cell sheet layer (3), a first EVA adhesive film (2), a second EVA adhesive film (4) and a back plate (5), wherein the cell sheet layer (3) is positioned between coated glass (1) and the back plate (5), the lower side of the coated glass (1) is connected with the cell sheet layer (3) through the first EVA adhesive film, and the lower side of the cell sheet layer (3) is connected with the back plate (5) through the second EVA adhesive film (4).
2. The double-sided photovoltaic module with the transparent plastic back sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coated glass (1) comprises a nano film layer, a magnesium fluoride film layer, a silicon dioxide film layer and ultra-white patterned glass from top to bottom, wherein the nano film layer is prepared from titanium chloride, lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride, platinum and silane.
3. The double-sided photovoltaic module with the transparent plastic back sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the EVA film comprises a first EVA adhesive film (2) and a second EVA adhesive film (4), wherein the first EVA adhesive film (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.02-0.2 part of dicumyl peroxide, 0.03-0.1 part of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.02-0.3 part of N-octadecyl propionate, 0.03-0.1 part of benzotriazole, 0.01-0.1 part of chlorinated benzotriazole, 0.04-0.3 part of polyethylene-zinc methacrylate, 0.04-0.3 part of polystyrene zinc sulfonate and 0.05-3 parts of chitosan.
4. The double-sided photovoltaic module with the transparent plastic back sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the back plate (5) comprises a PVDF layer, a PET layer and a PVF layer from bottom to top, wherein the PET layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PET resin, 3-10 parts of aluminum silicate and 3-10 parts of silicon dioxide.
5. A preparation process of a double-sided photovoltaic module adopting a transparent plastic backboard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing coated glass:
a) preparing a nano film layer, b) coating, c) tempering;
2) preparing a first EVA adhesive film and a second EVA adhesive film;
3) preparing a back plate:
a) preparing a PET layer, b) treating a PVDF layer, c) laminating;
4) preparing a battery sheet layer:
a) cleaning, b) texturing and c) sorting;
5) laminating;
6) framing:
assembling the laminated components by using a frame;
7) packaging:
fixing the assembly on a wooden tray by using a paper box and a packing belt;
8) and (3) testing:
and testing, and obtaining a finished product after the test is qualified.
6. The process for preparing a bifacial photovoltaic module using a transparent plastic backsheet according to claim 5, wherein the step 1) comprises the following steps:
a) preparing a nano film layer:
mixing n-butanol, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and cyclohexane, stirring for 10-20min, adding a titanium chloride solution, adding lanthanum chloride and cerium chloride, wherein the molar ratio of the lanthanum chloride to the titanium chloride is 1: 0.01-0.04, stirring for 30-45min, adding 4-6 mol/L ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the solution to 8-9, stirring for 2-5h, standing and aging for 36h to obtain a precipitate A;
adding 0.4-0.6 mol/L ammonia water solution into the precipitate A generated in the aging process, fully washing to obtain precipitate B, adding acetone into absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain solution, adding the solution into the solution to obtain precipitate B, fully washing, and finally washing with deionized water to obtain precipitate C;
and (3) uniformly mixing platinum and silane with the precipitate C, wherein the molar ratio of titanium ions to platinum and silicon ions is 1: 0.010-0.05: 0.001-0.010, vacuum drying at 60-80 ℃ for 30-60min, and then roasting in a furnace at 600-800 ℃ for 2-3h in an ammonia atmosphere to obtain a product D;
b) plating:
coating a silicon dioxide film layer, namely heating the super-white patterned glass at 278-320 ℃ for 8-12min, then sputtering the super-white patterned glass by using nano silicon dioxide as a target material in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-3Pa-1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 120-165W, the sputtering time is 2-3h, and coating to obtain a first substrate;
a step of plating a magnesium fluoride film layer, which is to sputter on a first substrate by taking magnesium fluoride as a target material in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-3Pa-1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 90-100W, the sputtering time is 1-2h, and a second substrate is obtained by film plating;
plating a nano film layer, namely sputtering on the second substrate by taking the product D as a target material in the atmosphere of argon and nitrogen, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise that the vacuum degree is 1.0 × 10-3Pa-1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power is 180-220W, the sputtering time is 2-3h, the volume ratio of nitrogen to argon is 1: 4, and the third substrate is obtained by film plating;
c) tempering:
heating the third substrate at 650-780 ℃ for 20-30S, and then rapidly cooling to 145-160S to obtain the coated glass.
7. The process for preparing a bifacial photovoltaic module using a transparent plastic backsheet according to claim 5, wherein the step 2) comprises the following steps:
placing dicumyl peroxide, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, N-octadecyl propionate, benzotriazole, chlorinated benzotriazole, polyethylene-zinc methacrylate, zinc polystyrene sulfonate and chitosan into a stirrer, stirring for 20-40min, mixing the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in 20-33% of the components with the raw materials for 12-25min, mixing the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in 20-33% of the components with the raw materials for 15-30min, and then mixing the residual ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the components with the raw materials for 18-36min, putting the mixed raw materials into an internal mixer, mixing for 15-25min at 145-160 ℃, granulating after mixing, and finally preparing EVA adhesive films, namely a first EVA adhesive film and a second EVA adhesive film.
8. The process for preparing a bifacial photovoltaic module using a transparent plastic backsheet according to claim 5, wherein the step 3) comprises the following steps:
preparing a PET layer: preheating surface treating agent to 58-63 deg.C, stirring nano silicon dioxide and aluminum silicate at 90-100 deg.C, adding preheated surface treating agent several times, continuously stirring for 20-40min, adding partial PET resin, blending, stirring for 15min, cooling to room temperature, granulating with twin screw to obtain nano PET resin, vacuum drying the rest PET resin at 120-130 deg.C for 3-5h, mixing with nanometer PET resin, extruding at 275 deg.C and 250 deg.C by an extruder to obtain thick sheet, biaxially stretching, preheating to 90-105 deg.C, longitudinal stretching is carried out at a stretching temperature of 102 ℃ and 118 ℃ and a stretching ratio of 2.2 to 3.8 times, transversely stretching at a stretching temperature of 102-112 ℃ and a stretching ratio of 2.2-3.8 times, and then performing heat setting and cooling to finally prepare a PET layer, wherein the heat setting temperature is 225-250 ℃;
treating the PVDF layer: mixing titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, polycarbonate, absolute ethyl alcohol and hollow glass microspheres to prepare a coating, carrying out corona treatment on a PVF membrane for 1-4 times in a nitrogen atmosphere, coating the coating on the surface of the PVF membrane, and drying for 30-90min at 50-60 ℃ to prepare a PVDF layer;
compounding: performing laser treatment on the PET layer by using excited atoms, coating adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ for 45-90s, then coating a PVDF layer on the adhesive, standing for 30-60min, then performing laser again on the other surface of the PET layer by using the excited atoms, coating the adhesive on the PET layer, drying the PET layer at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ for 45-90s, then coating a PVF layer on the adhesive, and curing at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ for 24-36h to obtain the back panel.
9. The process for preparing a bifacial photovoltaic module using a transparent plastic backsheet according to claim 5, wherein the step 4) comprises the following steps:
a) cleaning:
firstly, spraying water at high pressure on a battery piece to clean the surface of the battery piece, then placing the battery piece in a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1-2% to react for 6-15min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, then taking out the battery piece and placing the battery piece in pure water for 1-10min to remove residues on the surface of the battery piece;
b) texturing:
taking a sodium hydroxide solution, adding indolpropion and absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution A, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 1-2% and the concentration of absolute ethyl alcohol is 7-50% according to the weight ratio, putting the cleaned battery piece into the solution A, treating at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ for 1-10min, taking out the battery piece, putting the battery piece into pure water for 4-6min, and removing the residual solution on the surface of the battery piece;
putting the cell into 0.3-0.45% hydrogen fluoride solution, reacting for 3-6min, taking out, putting into pure water for 4-6min, and removing the residue on the surface of the cell;
finally, putting the cell into a hydrogen chloride solution with the concentration of 0.55-0.7%, reacting for 6-10min, taking out and putting into pure water for 4-6min, removing residues on the surface of the cell, spraying the cell for 8-10min by using the pure water, and fully cleaning the surface of the cell;
c) sorting:
and selecting qualified battery pieces with required quantity, dividing the battery pieces with consistent color and same efficiency into the same component, and welding the battery pieces with each other by using an automatic welding machine to obtain the battery piece layer.
10. The process for preparing a bifacial photovoltaic module using a transparent plastic backsheet according to claim 5, wherein the step 5) comprises the following steps:
starting a laminating machine, heating to 136-145 ℃, stacking the components to be laminated in the order of coated glass, a first EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) film, a battery piece, a second EVA film and a back plate, putting the laid component glass face down into the laminating machine, covering the laminating machine, vacuumizing the components, keeping the vacuum degree of an upper chamber and a lower chamber at 92-100Pa, the vacuum time at 5-6min, keeping the vacuum degree of the lower chamber at 0Pa, inflating and pressurizing the upper chamber, keeping the pressure at 25-35MPa, adjusting the pressure for 1-2min, starting laminating, keeping the vacuum degree of the lower chamber at 68-75Pa and the vacuum degree of the upper chamber at 0Pa, keeping the temperature for 1-2min, cooling to 30-60 ℃, continuing laminating for 1-3min, inflating the lower chamber by using the external atmosphere, vacuumizing the upper chamber for 45-90s, opening the upper cover, taking out the laminated component, cooling to normal temperature, and obtaining the photovoltaic module.
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