CN112201719B - Adhesive film structure and photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Adhesive film structure and photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN112201719B CN112201719B CN202011052008.4A CN202011052008A CN112201719B CN 112201719 B CN112201719 B CN 112201719B CN 202011052008 A CN202011052008 A CN 202011052008A CN 112201719 B CN112201719 B CN 112201719B
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- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 183
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 46
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 16
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Polyethylene vinylacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117958 vinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a glue film structure and a photovoltaic module, wherein the glue film structure comprises: at least one adhesive film layer, wherein the adhesive film layer comprises an EVA adhesive film layer or a POE adhesive film layer; the adhesive film layer contains an alkali metal adsorbent and/or a heavy metal adsorbent. The embodiment of the invention is beneficial to improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a glue film structure and a photovoltaic module.
Background
At present, in the application of photovoltaic modules, high-power large-size modules develop in the light weight direction, and the back plate of the photovoltaic modules is packaged by selecting a transparent back plate, so that compared with the traditional double-glass module, the transparent back plate has higher water permeability, and the higher requirements are put on the packaging reliability of the photovoltaic modules.
In the prior art, metal ions are easy to generate in the photovoltaic module, and the metal ions can influence the passivation layer of the battery or the PN junction of the battery, so that the attenuation of the battery power is caused, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a glue film structure and a photovoltaic module, which prevent metal ions in the photovoltaic module from affecting a battery passivation layer or a battery PN junction, further prevent the problem of battery power attenuation, and further improve the reliability of the photovoltaic module.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a film structure, including: at least one adhesive film layer, wherein the adhesive film layer comprises an EVA adhesive film layer or a POE adhesive film layer; the adhesive film layer contains an alkali metal adsorbent and/or a heavy metal adsorbent.
In addition, the alkali metal adsorbent comprises lignin and/or lignin derivatives.
In addition, the adhesive film structure comprises at least two adhesive film layers which are stacked in sequence, and the percentage of the mass of lignin and/or lignin derivatives to the mass of the adhesive film structure is less than or equal to 3%.
In addition, in each adhesive film layer, the mass percentage of the lignin and/or the lignin derivative is 0.1-3%.
In addition, the heavy metal adsorbent comprises chitosan and/or chitosan derivatives.
In addition, the adhesive film structure comprises at least two adhesive film layers which are stacked in sequence, and the mass percentage of the chitosan and/or the chitosan derivative and the mass percentage of the adhesive film structure is less than or equal to 5%.
In addition, in each adhesive film layer, the mass percentage of the chitosan and/or the chitosan derivative is 0.1-5%.
In addition, the adhesive film structure comprises: three adhesive film layers are sequentially stacked, wherein two adhesive film layers at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are POE adhesive film layers, and the adhesive film layer in the middle is EVA adhesive film layer; and the EVA adhesive film layer is also provided with acrylic acid macromolecule water-absorbent resin.
In addition, the mass of the acrylic acid macromolecule water-absorbing resin accounts for 0.1-1% of the mass of the EVA adhesive film layer.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a photovoltaic module, which comprises: the back plate, the first adhesive film, the photovoltaic cell, the second adhesive film and the panel which are sequentially stacked, wherein at least one of the first adhesive film or the second adhesive film is of the adhesive film structure, and the panel faces the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic cell.
In addition, the second adhesive film includes: three adhesive film layers are sequentially stacked, wherein two adhesive film layers at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are POE adhesive film layers, and the adhesive film layer in the middle is EVA adhesive film layer; the first adhesive film comprises the EVA adhesive film layer.
In addition, the EVA adhesive film layer of the second adhesive film is provided with acrylic acid macromolecule water-absorbing resin.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the embodiment of the invention provides an EVA (Polyethylene vinylacetate, polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer) adhesive film layer or POE (polyethylene oxide) adhesive film layer containing an alkali metal adsorbent and/or a heavy metal adsorbent, which can adsorb alkali metal ions and/or heavy metal ions, and the photovoltaic module can quickly adsorb the alkali metal ions and/or the heavy metal ions by an adhesive film structure after generating the metal ions, so that the metal ions are prevented from remaining on a battery, the influence on a battery passivation layer or a PN junction of the battery is avoided, the problem of power attenuation of the photovoltaic module is solved, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved.
The adhesive film structure comprises three adhesive film layers which are stacked in sequence, wherein two adhesive film layers at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are POE adhesive film layers, and the adhesive film layer in the middle is an EVA adhesive film layer with acrylic high-molecular water-absorbing resin. The high polymer water-absorbing resin in the EVA adhesive film layer can absorb the moisture in the adhesive film structure, so that the moisture is prevented from contacting the battery, and the battery is influenced; what hug closely backplate and battery is the POE glued membrane layer that the rate of permeating water is lower than EVA glued membrane layer, and the acetate that forms after the ester bond hydrolysis of EVA glued membrane layer can be blocked by the POE glued membrane layer of both sides, prevents that the acetate that forms after the ester bond hydrolysis from corroding battery and backplate to POE glued membrane layer stable in structure can not form acidizing thing and corrode backplate and battery, thereby solves photovoltaic module power decay's problem, has improved photovoltaic module's reliability.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to be taken in a limiting sense, unless otherwise indicated.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first cross-sectional structure of a plastic film structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-sectional structure of the adhesive film structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third cross-sectional structure of the adhesive film structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As known from the background art, the reliability of the photovoltaic module in the prior art needs to be improved.
Generally, the EVA adhesive film layer is adopted as a packaging material of the photovoltaic module, the water permeability of the EVA adhesive film layer is high, and under the damp and hot environment, ester bonds of the EVA adhesive film layer are degraded into acetate capable of freely moving after meeting water, and as the EVA adhesive film layer is tightly attached to a battery and a backboard, the acetate can corrode a battery grid line and a welding belt connected with the main grid line to generate metal ions, so that the power of the photovoltaic module is attenuated; and under the condition of high bias voltage, acetate generated by ester bond hydrolysis of the EVA adhesive film layer can corrode the glass backboard to generate metal ions such as sodium ions, and the passivation layer of the battery and PN junction of the battery can be influenced, so that the power attenuation of the photovoltaic module is caused, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is influenced.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a film structure, comprising: at least one adhesive film layer, wherein the adhesive film layer comprises an EVA adhesive film layer or a POE adhesive film layer; the adhesive film layer contains an alkali metal adsorbent and/or a heavy metal adsorbent, so that the problem of power attenuation of the photovoltaic module is solved, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that in various embodiments of the present invention, numerous technical details have been set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first cross-sectional structure of a plastic film structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-sectional structure of the adhesive film structure according to the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a glue film structure according to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the adhesive film structure 10 includes: at least one adhesive film layer 101, wherein the adhesive film layer 101 comprises an EVA adhesive film layer or a POE adhesive film layer; the adhesive film layer 101 contains an alkali metal adsorbent and/or a heavy metal adsorbent.
The EVA film layer or POE film layer containing the alkali metal adsorbent and/or heavy metal adsorbent provided in this embodiment can adsorb alkali metal ions and/or heavy metal ions, and the photovoltaic module generates metal ions (alkali metal ions and/or heavy metal ions) and then is quickly adsorbed by the film structure 10, so that the metal ions do not remain on the battery, and cannot affect the passivation layer and PN junction of the battery, thereby solving the problem of power attenuation of the photovoltaic module and improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module.
The sources of metal ions are explained below: because the EVA adhesive film layer has the characteristics of low price and good adhesiveness, the EVA adhesive film layer is generally adopted as one of packaging materials of the photovoltaic module; the EVA adhesive film layer has higher water permeability, and ester bonds of the EVA adhesive film layer are degraded into acetate which can freely move after meeting water in a hot and humid environment; however, because the EVA adhesive film layer is closely attached to the battery and the back plate, the acetate is prone to corroding the battery grid line and/or a welding strip connected with the main grid line to generate metal ions; and under the condition of high bias voltage, acetate generated by ester bond hydrolysis of the EVA adhesive film layer can corrode the backboard to generate metal ions such as sodium ions. It should be noted that the above is only one of sources of metal ions in the photovoltaic module.
In this embodiment, the alkali metal adsorbent includes: lignin and/or lignin derivatives can adsorb alkali metal ions such as lead, magnesium, potassium, zinc, calcium, mercury and uranium; lignin derivatives include: alkali lignin, cross-linked lignin, oxidized lignin, aminated modified lignin, or a combination of one or more of acrylamide.
In this embodiment, the heavy metal adsorbent includes: chitosan and/or chitosan derivatives; the chitosan derivative comprises: one or more of xanthogen chitosan, crosslinked xanthogen chitosan, etc.
In this embodiment, the adhesive film layer 101 may be: EVA adhesive film layer containing alkali metal adsorbent, EVA adhesive film layer containing heavy metal adsorbent, EVA adhesive film layer containing alkali metal adsorbent and heavy metal adsorbent, POE adhesive film layer containing alkali metal adsorbent, POE adhesive film layer containing heavy metal adsorbent, POE adhesive film layer containing alkali metal adsorbent and heavy metal adsorbent.
In one example, the adhesive film structure 10 includes at least two adhesive film layers 101 stacked in sequence. The percentage of the mass of lignin and/or lignin derivatives to the mass of the film structure is less than or equal to 3%; the mass percentage of lignin and/or lignin derivatives in each film ply 101 is 0.1% -3%, which may be specifically 1%, 2% or 2.5%.
In another example, the adhesive film structure 10 includes at least two adhesive film layers 101 stacked in sequence. The mass percentage of the chitosan and/or chitosan derivative and the structure of the adhesive film is less than or equal to 5 percent; in each film layer 101, the mass percentage of chitosan and/or chitosan derivative is 0.1% -5%, and may be specifically 2%, 3% or 4%.
As shown in fig. 1, the first adhesive film structure 10 provided in this embodiment may be a single adhesive film layer 101, in which the mass percentage of lignin and/or lignin derivatives in the adhesive film layer 101 is 0.1% -3%, specifically 1%, 2% or 2.5%, and the mass percentage of chitosan and/or chitosan derivatives is 0.1% -5%, specifically 2%, 3% or 4%.
In one example, the single layer adhesive film layer 101 may be an EVA adhesive film layer.
The preparation process of the EVA adhesive film layer comprises the following steps: raw material proportioning and mixing, vacuum feeding, extrusion, net changing, melt pipeline, metering pump, die, casting and embossing, first cooling and shaping, on-line thickness measurement, tempering, second cooling and shaping, traction and trimming, double-station central rolling, finished product coil stripping, rim charge winding and rim charge treatment; the preparation process of the whole EVA adhesive film layer is carried out at the temperature of 90-105 ℃, and can be 94 ℃, 98 ℃ or 102 ℃.
The raw material proportioning and mixing process comprises an EVA (vinyl acetate) base material accounting for 30-33% of the EVA adhesive film layer in percentage by mass, and also comprises an alkali metal adsorbent and/or heavy metal adsorbent, EVA resin, an ultraviolet light adsorbent, an antioxidant, a heat aging resistant agent, an ultraviolet light stabilizer, a plasticizer, a tackifier and the like. Thus, the EVA adhesive film layer formed by the subsequent extrusion casting has the functions of adsorbing metal ions, resisting ultraviolet light and aging and oxidization, and has good bonding effect.
In another example, the single adhesive film layer 101 may be a POE adhesive film layer.
The preparation flow of the POE adhesive film layer is approximately the same as that of the EVA adhesive film layer, and the differences include: in the preparation flow of the POE adhesive film layer, multi-machine co-extrusion POE single screw extrusion is adopted in the extrusion flow; the first cooling and shaping process adopts a screw cylinder constant temperature circulating water cooling system; the three-roller casting part in the casting embossing process adopts a double-sided embossing process; the second cooling and shaping process adopts a cooling roller and a stress-relieving cooling bed, so that the shaping of the POE adhesive film layer is sufficient, and the volume cooling shrinkage rate of the POE adhesive film layer is ensured to be less than 3%.
As shown in fig. 2, the second adhesive film structure 10 according to this embodiment, the adhesive film structure 10 may include: PE film structure. P in the PE glued membrane structure is POE glued membrane layer, E in the PE glued membrane structure is EVA glued membrane layer.
Specifically, the PE film structure may be a first film layer 102 and a second film layer 103 stacked in sequence, where the first film layer 102 is an EVA film layer containing an alkali metal adsorbent and/or a heavy metal adsorbent, and the second film layer 103 is a POE film layer containing an alkali metal adsorbent and/or a heavy metal adsorbent.
The third adhesive film structure 10 shown in fig. 3 in this embodiment, the adhesive film structure 10 may include a PEP adhesive film structure. P in the PEP film structure is POE film layer, E in the PEP film structure is EVA film layer.
Specifically, the PEP film structure may be three film layers stacked in sequence, wherein two film layers at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are POE film layers, and the film layer in the middle is EVA film layer. Specifically, the bottom film layer is the third film layer 104, the middle film layer is the fourth film layer 105, and the top film layer is the fifth film layer 106. The third adhesive film layer 104 and the fifth adhesive film layer 106 are POE adhesive film layers, and the fourth adhesive film layer 105 is EVA adhesive film layers.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the film structure may be an EPE film structure, where P in the EPE film structure is a POE film layer, and E in the EPE film structure is an EVA film layer. Specifically, in the EPE film structure, the third film layer and the fifth film layer are EVA film layers, and the fourth film layer is POE film layer.
Specifically, the EVA adhesive film layer can also be provided with acrylic acid high-molecular water-absorbing resin, wherein the mass of the acrylic acid high-molecular water-absorbing resin accounts for 0.1-1% of the mass of the EVA adhesive film, and can be specifically 0.3%, 0.6% or 0.9%.
In one example, the fourth adhesive film layer 105 is an EVA adhesive film layer, and the EVA adhesive film layer has an acrylic polymer water-absorbing resin therein, which can absorb moisture in the PEP adhesive film structure, so as to prevent the moisture from contacting the battery and affecting the battery.
Preferably, when the film structure 10 is a PEP film structure, the POE film layer (i.e., the third film layer 104 and the fifth film layer 106) can be used for tightly adhering to the back plate and the battery, and as the water permeability of the POE film layer is lower than that of the EVA film layer, the acetate formed after the ester bond hydrolysis of the EVA film layer can be blocked by the POE film layers on two sides, so that the battery and the back plate cannot be corroded, and the POE film layer has a stable structure, and an acidized matter cannot be formed to corrode the back plate and the battery, so that the problem of power attenuation of the photovoltaic module is solved, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved.
The adhesive film structure 10 provided in this embodiment is quickly absorbed by the adhesive film structure 10 after metal ions (alkali metal ions and/or heavy metal ions) are generated by the photovoltaic module, so that the metal ions are prevented from remaining on the battery, the metal ions cannot affect the passivation layer and the PN junction of the battery, the problem of power attenuation of the photovoltaic module is solved, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved.
The invention further provides a photovoltaic module, which comprises the adhesive film structure. The following describes a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the photovoltaic module includes: the back plate 107, the first adhesive film 108, the photovoltaic cell 109, the second adhesive film 110 and the panel 111 are stacked in order, at least one of the first adhesive film 108 or the second adhesive film 110 is of the adhesive film structure, and the panel 111 faces the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic cell 109.
The second adhesive film 110 includes: the three adhesive film layers are stacked in sequence, wherein two adhesive film layers at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are POE adhesive film layers, and the adhesive film layer in the middle is an EVA adhesive film layer; the first adhesive film 108 comprises an EVA adhesive film layer.
In this way, the second adhesive film 110 is close to the panel 111 and the photovoltaic cell 109 and is a POE adhesive film layer, the POE adhesive film layer has stable structure and low water permeability, and the main grid line and the welding strip of the photovoltaic cell 109 are not corroded by the acid; the EVA adhesive film layer is arranged between the two POE adhesive film layers, and acetate generated by hydrolysis of the EVA adhesive film layer after meeting water can be blocked by the POE adhesive film layer and cannot contact with the panel 111 and the photovoltaic cell 109, so that the defect that the reliability of the photovoltaic module is affected due to corrosion of the main grid line and the welding strip by the acetate is prevented; the second adhesive film 110 contains an alkali metal adsorbent and/or a heavy metal adsorbent, can adsorb alkali metal ions and heavy metal ions, and can prevent the metal ions generated by the photovoltaic module from remaining on the photovoltaic cell 109 after the metal ions are quickly adsorbed by the adhesive film structure in a damp and hot environment, thereby being beneficial to solving the problem of power attenuation of the photovoltaic module and further improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module; because the first adhesive film 108 is arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic cell 109, acetate generated by ester bond hydrolysis of the EVA adhesive film layer is affected by gravity and can be transmitted to the outside of the photovoltaic module through the first adhesive film 108 and the back plate 107, and the photovoltaic cell 109 is not corroded, so that the EVA adhesive film layer with relatively low cost can be adopted to ensure the reliability of the photovoltaic module and reduce the production cost.
In one example, the second adhesive film 110 is an EPE adhesive film structure. So, near the panel 110 and the photovoltaic cell 109 is the EVA glued membrane, and after the ester bond of EVA glued membrane hydrolyzes and produces acetate, acetate corrodes the main grid line or the welding area of panel 110 and photovoltaic cell 109 and produces metal ion, alkali metal adsorbent and heavy metal adsorbent in the EPE glued membrane structure can adsorb metal ion fast, has avoided the influence of metal ion to the passivation layer and the PN junction of photovoltaic cell 109, is favorable to solving the problem of photovoltaic module power decay, has improved photovoltaic module's reliability.
Specifically, the EVA film layer of the second adhesive film 110 has an acrylic polymer water absorbent resin therein. In this way, the water-absorbing polymer resin in the EVA film layer can absorb the water in the second film 110, so as to prevent the water from contacting the photovoltaic cell 109 and affecting the photovoltaic cell 109.
The photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one example, the photovoltaic module is a single-glass module, i.e., the backsheet 107 is a transparent backsheet; the first adhesive film 108 is the adhesive film structure 10, specifically an EVA adhesive film layer; the second adhesive film 110 is the adhesive film structure 10, specifically an EPE adhesive film structure; the panel 111 is glass. The single glass assembly will be described in detail below in connection with three examples.
Example one, table one illustrates the results of testing the photovoltaic module of example one:
| EVA adhesive film layer | POE adhesive film layer | PID 288h | DH3000 |
| Alkali metal adsorbent at 0.5% | The heavy metal adsorbent accounts for 0.3 percent | 2.6％ | 4.5％ |
List one
In the first example, as shown in table one, the EVA film layer contains 0.5% by mass of alkali metal adsorbent; the POE film layer contains 0.3 mass percent of heavy metal adsorbent. Thus, PID 288h (potential induced decay rate of 288 hours of operation of the photovoltaic module) of the formed photovoltaic module was 2.6%, DH3000 (potential induced decay rate of 3000 times of damp-heat experiments of the photovoltaic module) of the photovoltaic module was 4.5%.
Example two, table two illustrates the results of testing the photovoltaic module in example two:
watch II
In the second example, as shown in the second table, the EVA film layer contains 0.5% by mass of alkali metal adsorbent and 0.3% by mass of heavy metal adsorbent; the POE film layer contains 0.3 mass percent of heavy metal adsorbent. Thus, the PID 288h of the formed photovoltaic module was 2.4%, and the DH3000 of the photovoltaic module was 3.7%.
Example three, table three illustrates the results of testing the photovoltaic module in example three:
watch III
In the third example, as shown in the third table, the EVA film layer contains 0.5% by mass of alkali metal adsorbent and 0.3% by mass of heavy metal adsorbent; the POE film layer contains 0.3 percent by mass of heavy metal adsorbent and 0.5 percent by mass of alkali metal adsorbent. Thus, the PID 288h of the formed photovoltaic module was 2.1%, and the DH3000 of the photovoltaic module was 3.2%.
In summary, it is possible to obtain that the more the alkali metal adsorbent and the heavy metal adsorbent are contained in the film structure of the photovoltaic module, the lower the potential decay rate of the photovoltaic module is, and the better the reliability of the photovoltaic module is, within the allowable range.
In another example, the photovoltaic module is a dual-glass module, i.e., the back sheet 107 is glass; the first adhesive film 108 is the adhesive film structure 10, specifically an EVA adhesive film layer; the second adhesive film 110 is the adhesive film structure 10, specifically an EPE adhesive film structure; the panel 111 is glass. The dual glass assembly will be described in detail below in connection with three examples.
Example four, table four illustrates the results of testing the photovoltaic module in example four:
| EVA adhesive film layer | POE adhesive film layer | PID 288h | DH3000 |
| Alkali metal adsorbent at 0.5% | The heavy metal adsorbent accounts for 0.3 percent | 2％ | 2.8％ |
Table four
In the fourth example, as shown in table four, the EVA film layer contains 0.5% by mass of alkali metal adsorbent; the POE film layer contains 0.3 mass percent of heavy metal adsorbent. Thus, the PID 288h of the formed photovoltaic module was 2%, and the DH3000 of the photovoltaic module was 2.8%.
Example five, table five illustrates the results of testing the photovoltaic module in example five:
TABLE five
In the fifth example, as shown in table five, the EVA film layer contains 0.5% by mass of alkali metal adsorbent and 0.3% by mass of heavy metal adsorbent; the POE film layer contains 0.3 mass percent of heavy metal adsorbent. Thus, the PID 288h of the formed photovoltaic module was 1.8%, and the DH3000 of the photovoltaic module was 2.5%.
Example six, table six illustrates the results of testing the photovoltaic module in example six:
TABLE six
In the sixth example, as shown in table six, the EVA film layer contains 0.5% by mass of alkali metal adsorbent and 0.3% by mass of heavy metal adsorbent; the POE film layer contains 0.3 percent by mass of heavy metal adsorbent and 0.5 percent by mass of alkali metal adsorbent. Thus, the PID 288h of the formed photovoltaic module was 1.4%, and the DH3000 of the photovoltaic module was 2.1%.
In conclusion, the adhesive film structure of the photovoltaic module is the adhesive film structure, the potential attenuation rate of the double-glass module is lower than that of the single-glass module, and the reliability of the double-glass module is better.
The embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, EVA glued membrane layer or POE glued membrane layer in glued membrane structure of photovoltaic module contains alkali metal adsorbent and/or heavy metal adsorbent, can adsorb alkali metal ion and heavy metal ion, and the metal ion that photovoltaic module produced can not exert an influence on the passivation layer and the PN junction of photovoltaic cell after being adsorbed fast by glued membrane structure, so be favorable to solving the problem of photovoltaic module power decay, has improved photovoltaic module's reliability.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of carrying out the invention and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is therefore intended to be limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A photovoltaic module, comprising:
the photovoltaic cell comprises a back plate, a first adhesive film, a photovoltaic cell, a second adhesive film and a panel which are sequentially stacked, wherein the panel faces a light receiving surface of the photovoltaic cell;
the first adhesive film is an EVA adhesive film layer;
the second adhesive film is formed by sequentially stacking three adhesive film layers, wherein two adhesive film layers at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are POE adhesive film layers, the adhesive film layer in the middle is an EVA adhesive film layer, and the EVA adhesive film layer contains an alkali metal adsorbent, a heavy metal adsorbent and an acrylic acid macromolecule water-absorbing resin;
wherein the alkali metal adsorbent comprises lignin and/or lignin derivatives, and the heavy metal adsorbent comprises chitosan and/or chitosan derivatives.
2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the POE glue film layer of the second glue film contains the alkali metal adsorbent and/or the heavy metal adsorbent.
3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in each of the glue film layers the percentage of the mass of lignin and/or lignin derivatives to the mass of the glue film layers is less than or equal to 3%.
4. A photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that in each of the glue film layers the lignin and/or lignin derivatives are present in a mass percentage of 0.1% to 3%.
5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in each of the glue film layers the mass of the chitosan and/or the chitosan derivative is less than or equal to 5% of the mass of the glue film layer.
6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, wherein the mass percentage of the chitosan and/or chitosan derivative in each of the adhesive film layers is 0.1% -5%.
7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the acrylic polymer water-absorbing resin is 0.1% -1% of the mass of the EVA film layer in the second film.
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| CN104538471A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-22 | 常州六合新能源有限公司 | Multi-layer packaging material used for solar module and preparation technology and device thereof |
| CN105304740A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-02-03 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic conversion module |
| CN108034385A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 天津利安隆新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of light stabilizer combination for photovoltaic EVA adhesive film |
| CN111477707A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏东鋆光伏科技有限公司 | Double-sided photovoltaic module adopting transparent plastic backboard and preparation process thereof |
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| WO2011041570A1 (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-07 | First Solar, Inc. | Self-remediating photovoltaic module |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104538471A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-22 | 常州六合新能源有限公司 | Multi-layer packaging material used for solar module and preparation technology and device thereof |
| CN105304740A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-02-03 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic conversion module |
| CN108034385A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 天津利安隆新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of light stabilizer combination for photovoltaic EVA adhesive film |
| CN111477707A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏东鋆光伏科技有限公司 | Double-sided photovoltaic module adopting transparent plastic backboard and preparation process thereof |
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