CN111471464B

CN111471464B - Soil conditioner for desert gobi area and application method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111471464B
Application number: CN202010274435.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴鸿翔; 吴军; 郁文娟
Original assignee: Wuhan Kingdom Plant Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Kingdom Plant Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-09
Filing date: 2020-04-09
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-09
Also published as: CN111471464A

Abstract

The invention discloses soil conditioning granules for a desert gobi area, wherein each granule comprises a water absorption layer, a fertilizer layer, a composite bacterial layer and a sand fixation layer from outside to inside, wherein the weight ratio of the water absorption layer to the fertilizer layer to the composite bacterial layer to the sand fixation layer is 1:3-5:1: 2-4; the raw materials of the sand fixing layer comprise 13 to 23 percent of modified artemisia glue, 75 to 85 percent of super absorbent resin and 2 percent of adhesive by weight percentage; the modified sand sagebrush gum is prepared by stirring carboxymethyl sand sagebrush gum and an organosilicon coupling agent, wherein the weight of the organosilicon coupling agent accounts for 1-2.5% of that of the carboxymethyl sand sagebrush gum; the raw material of the fertilizer layer at least comprises one of compound bacteria nutrient and plant fertilizer, and also comprises an adhesive; the raw materials of the composite bacterial layer comprise composite bacterial powder and an adhesive. By arranging the multilayer granular structure, the fertilizer and the probiotics are uniformly released and distributed in the soil, and the improvement and solidification of the desert soil are carried out according to a reasonable sequence; by adopting a reasonable use method, a soil environment which is most suitable for microbial growth, fertility distribution and subsequent plant growth is created, and a very good sand-fixing and water-retaining effect is achieved; the dosage is less, and the needed irrigation water is less.

Description

Soil conditioner for desert gobi area and application method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a soil improvement agent for gobi areas in deserts.

Background

The desertification land area of China is huge and spreads in areas such as Xinjiang, inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi and the like, so that the land area of China is gradually reduced due to the desertification of the land, and the land productivity is seriously declined. Therefore, the sand prevention and control becomes one of the most severe and urgent tasks faced by China. The soil conditioner which can change the loose soil particles and the lack of granular structure of desertification soil, improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity and the organic matter content is very important for the control of the desertification land in China. The existing modifier for treating desertification soil in China is mainly prepared by combining chemical reagents and natural agricultural wastes.

For example, patent CN109370597A provides a desertification soil conditioner based on starch, which is prepared by adding glycerol, polyethylene glycol and concentrated sulfuric acid into waste starch to react to generate starch polyol, and then mixing with dibasic organic acid in proportion. The soil conditioner needs 700kg of soil for each mu of desertified soil, has large using amount and has no obvious effect on treating and improving the desertified soil. Patent CN108893122A provides a desertification soil conditioner based on straws, which is prepared by adding ethylene glycol, ethylene carbonate and concentrated sulfuric acid into straw powder to react to generate straw polyol, and then mixing the straw polyol with isocyanate in proportion. The modifier also needs higher usage amount, and has no obvious effect on the desert soil treatment. For another example, granted patent CN106717219B provides a method for treating saline-alkali soil in desert area, which selects soil conditioner made of pH regulator, inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, mixed bacteria, etc., and adopts a complex treatment mode and a special rainwater collection device. However, the method is very complicated, has very high requirements on soil conditioner selection, construction methods and the like, has low reproducibility, and has limited planting effect on crops or trees in the treated soil.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a soil conditioner for desert gobi areas, which is prepared into granules with multilayer structures in each granule, and each layer is prepared by pressing specific materials according to a proportion.

A soil conditioner for desert gobi areas is in a shape of a sheet, a particle or a sphere, and each particle comprises a water absorption layer, a fertilizer layer, a composite bacteria layer and a sand fixation layer from outside to inside in a weight ratio of 1:3-5:1: 2-4; the raw materials of the sand fixing layer comprise 13-23% of modified artemisia glue, 75-85% of super absorbent resin and 2% of adhesive by weight percentage;

the modified artemisia glue is prepared by stirring carboxymethyl artemisia glue and an organic silicon coupling agent, wherein the weight of the organic silicon coupling agent accounts for 1-2.5% of that of the carboxymethyl artemisia glue;

the raw materials of the fertilizer layer at least comprise one of compound bacteria nutrient and plant fertilizer, and also comprise an adhesive;

the raw materials of the composite bacterium layer comprise composite bacterium powder and an adhesive;

the raw materials of the water absorption layer comprise super absorbent resin and adhesive.

After the soil conditioner is used, a relatively small amount of water needs to be sprayed, and along with the penetration of water, the super absorbent resin in the water absorption layer of the soil conditioner quickly absorbs water and expands to avoid the rapid penetration and loss of water, and then the compound bacteria nutrient and the plant fertilizer in the fertilizer layer are firstly absorbed, dissociated and dissolved, and are gradually and uniformly distributed in the surrounding soil in the stirring process of a rotary stirrer to form a certain concentration, so that the soil fertility is improved, and a good microbial growth environment is created; then the composite bacterial layer also absorbs water for dissociation, and the released probiotics required by plant growth begin to rapidly reproduce in a good environment; after the fertilizer and the compound bacteria are relatively uniformly distributed in the soil, a certain amount of water is sprayed again, the sand fixing layer at the innermost layer also starts to absorb water for dissociation and rapidly expands, the modified artemisia glue has a very good sand fixing and caking effect, and simultaneously has a combined action with the super absorbent resin to have a very good water absorbing and retaining effect, so that the soil consolidation and the duration of the water in the soil are remarkably prolonged, and the gradual conditioning and improvement of the desert soil are completed. The soil conditioner is characterized in that the water absorption layer, the fertilizer layer, the compound bacteria layer and the sand fixation layer are arranged in sequence, if the soil conditioner is not prepared according to the sequence of the layers of the conditioner, dissociation can not be carried out according to a specific time sequence, the time of soil consolidation and water absorption is influenced, the uniform distribution of the fertilizer is not facilitated, the full maintenance and utilization of moisture are also not facilitated, and the propagation of probiotics and the growth of plants are influenced.

The water absorbing layer of the soil conditioner consists of high water absorbing resin and adhesive, and the adhesive can press the high water absorbing resin into a whole. The fertilizer layer can select nutrient components required by the rapid propagation of the compound bacteria, can also select fertilizers required by the growth of plants, and can also mix the nutrient components and the fertilizers according to a specific proportion, so that the probiotic groups can be ensured to adapt to the soil environment rapidly, the soil can also contain the fertilizers required by the plants in advance, and the rapid rooting and growth of the plants are promoted. The composite bacteria nutrient generally adopts a dry powder culture medium or a granular culture medium which is usually sold on the market and is suitable for the growth of microorganisms, and can be specifically selected according to the type of probiotics. The plant fertilizer can be selected according to the type of crops or trees to be planted. The composite bacterial layer adopts probiotic groups suitable for plant growth, such as bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, rhizobium, nitrobacteria and the like. The bacteria can fix elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like in soil and air, which are required by plant growth, and convert the elements into a state which can be absorbed by plants, thereby creating a good environment for subsequent plant cultivation and good growth. After the water is drenched in the soil, compared with the common carboxymethylated artemisia glue, the modified artemisia glue in the sand fixing layer can quickly play a sand fixing effect after absorbing water, the sand fixing effect on the desert soil such as the solidification thickness, the wind erosion resistance and the like is obviously better, and meanwhile, the modified artemisia glue can be matched with the super absorbent resin after water absorption and expansion, so that the water stability, the permeability and the water retention of soil aggregate are improved, and the quick volatilization or the permeation loss of irrigation water is avoided. With the subsequent dehydration gradually of the super absorbent resin, the fertilizer in the fertilizer layer is further dissolved and uniformly permeated, the probiotics in the compound bacteria layer is further and rapidly propagated, the soil fertility is improved, the higher probiotic concentration is reached, and good soil conditions are created for the subsequent plant planting.

The preparation method of the granules of the soil conditioner is relatively simple, namely, a common tabletting method is adopted, and the raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the sand fixing layer are uniformly mixed and then are primarily pressed into small granules on a tabletting machine to be used as primary inner cores; then uniformly mixing the raw materials of the composite bacteria powder, the adhesive and the like of the composite bacteria layer, and pressing the mixture into large granules for the second time to be used as a secondary inner core; and uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the fertilizer layer, performing third pressing, and finally uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the water absorption layer, and performing fourth pressing to obtain a finished product of the soil conditioner. The final compacted soil conditioner is in the form of a sphere, granule or tablet, generally a sphere.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the water-absorbing layer fertilizer layer, the composite bacterial layer and the sand-fixing layer of each soil conditioner particle is 1:4:1: 3.

Preferably, the raw materials of the sand fixing layer comprise 17% of modified artemisia glue, 81% of super absorbent resin and 2% of adhesive by weight percentage.

Preferably, the raw materials of the fertilizer layer comprise a compound bacteria nutrient, a plant fertilizer and an adhesive, wherein the weight ratio of the compound bacteria nutrient to the plant fertilizer is 1: 0.8-1.5.

More preferably, in the raw materials of the fertilizer layer, the weight ratio of the compound bacteria nutrient to the plant fertilizer is 1: 1.2.

Preferably, the binder comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose.

Preferably, the water-absorbing layer is externally sprayed with a water-soluble film. The outside water-soluble membrane of spraying of sand stabilization layer can increase the stability of granule to a certain extent, makes it difficult cracked, also can avoid absorbing water the layer and leading to absorbing water the inflation in advance with sand stabilization layer contact too much moisture in advance simultaneously.

The invention also provides an application method of the soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:

s1, uniformly scattering the soil conditioner in the desert soil according to the dosage of 100-200 kg/mu, and simultaneously spraying water to the soil while stirring, wherein the stirring depth is 35-55cm, and the water spraying dosage is 8-10 t/mu;

s2, after 1-1.5 days, spraying water at the same depth while stirring, wherein the spraying water consumption is 14-18 t/mu, and after 2 days, the crops or the trees can be sown.

The application method is specially directed at the soil conditioner provided by the invention, a relatively small amount of water is sprayed in the step S1, so that the water absorption layer rapidly absorbs water and expands, the water is kept, and then the water is slowly released to gradually dissociate the fertilizer layer and the compound bacterium layer in sequence, so that the soil state is preliminarily improved. Most of the sand fixing layer is not dissociated, and only a small amount of particles of the sand fixing layer absorb water and expand to cause soil agglomeration; and step S2, firstly, the soil is stirred again, so that the probiotics and the fertilizer in the soil are further dispersed and uniformly mixed in the soil, then, a relatively large amount of water is sprayed again, on one hand, the fertilizer is promoted to be further dissolved and permeated, and the probiotics are propagated, more importantly, the sand fixing layer is enabled to rapidly absorb water and expand, good sand fixing and water retaining effects are rapidly achieved, the water absorbed by the super absorbent resin can be gradually released again, the fertility and the state of the whole soil are maintained for a long time, and the growth of subsequent plants is facilitated.

Preferably, in step S1, the dosage of the soil conditioner is 175 kg/mu, the stirring depth is 45cm, and the dosage of the drenching water is 9 t/mu.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: by arranging a multilayer granular structure, the release and the uniform distribution of the fertilizer in the soil, the growth and the uniform distribution of the probiotics in the soil and the improvement and solidification of the desert soil are sequentially carried out; the soil environment which is most suitable for the growth of microorganisms, the fertility distribution and the subsequent plant growth is built together by adopting the combination of the modified artemisia desertorum gum and the super absorbent resin and a reasonable use method, so that the effects of sand fixation and water retention are very good; compared with other common modifying agents used for desert soil, the dosage is obviously reduced.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the following examples and comparative examples, sorghum and corn were used as test subjects, and in the examples and comparative examples in which sorghum was used as a test subject, a plant fertilizer was a commercially available compound fertilizer for sorghum. In the examples and comparative examples in which corn was used as the test object, the plant fertilizer was a commercially available corn compound fertilizer, and the compound bacterial nutrient was a commercially available dry powder medium for bacterial culture. In all the examples and comparative examples, the composite bacterial powder is bacillus subtilis powder, bacillus megaterium powder and nitrobacteria powder, and the weight ratio is 2:2: 1. The used adhesives are sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose, and the dosage ratio is 1:1.

The soil conditioner granules of the following examples and comparative examples were prepared by the following method (except for comparative examples 8 and 9): firstly, uniformly mixing all raw materials (containing an adhesive) of a sand fixing layer, and pressing the mixture into small granules on a tablet press to be used as a primary inner core; then uniformly mixing the raw materials of the composite bacteria powder, the adhesive and the like of the composite bacteria layer, and pressing the mixture into large granules for the second time to be used as a secondary inner core; and uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the fertilizer layer, performing third pressing, uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the water absorption layer, and performing fourth pressing to obtain a finished soil conditioner product, wherein the dosage form is spherical.

The following examples and comparative examples of the preparation of carboxymethylated artemisia glue were made using the same method as that disclosed in "research on improving solubility of artemisia glue by carboxymethylation" (houghui, progress of fine petrochemicals, 2004(5)9,30-32) or "preparation, properties and applications of carboxymethylartemisia glue" (houghui, 2007.06.01), optionally one of them.

Example 1

In the particles of the soil conditioner adopted in the embodiment, the weight ratio of the water absorption layer, the fertilizer layer, the composite bacterial layer and the sand fixation layer is 1:4:1: 3; the raw materials of the sand fixing layer comprise 17 percent of modified artemisia glue, 81 percent of super absorbent resin and 2 percent of adhesive by weight percentage;

the fertilizer layer comprises raw materials of a compound bacteria nutrient and a plant fertilizer in a weight ratio of 1:1.2, and also comprises an adhesive, wherein the using amount of the adhesive is 2% of the total weight of the fertilizer layer;

the raw materials of the composite bacterial layer comprise composite bacterial powder and an adhesive, and the using amount of the adhesive accounts for 2% of the total weight of the composite bacterial layer;

the water absorbing layer is made of super absorbent resin and adhesive, and the amount of the adhesive accounts for 2% of the total weight of the composite bacterial layer.

Example 2

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the weight ratio of the water absorption layer to the fertilizer layer to the composite bacterial layer to the sand fixing layer is 1:3:1:3, and the actual weight of the water absorption layer to the composite bacterial layer to the sand fixing layer is the same as that of the embodiment 1.

Example 3

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the weight ratio of the water absorption layer to the fertilizer layer to the composite bacterial layer to the sand fixing layer is 1:5:1:3, and the actual weight of the water absorption layer to the composite bacterial layer to the sand fixing layer is the same as that of the embodiment 1.

Example 4

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the weight ratio of the water absorbing layer to the fertilizer layer to the composite bacterial layer to the sand fixing layer is 1:4:1:2, and the actual weight of the water absorbing layer to the sand fixing layer is the same as that of the embodiment 1.

Example 5

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the weight ratio of the water-absorbing layer to the fertilizer layer to the composite bacterial layer to the sand-fixing layer was 1:4:1:4, and the actual weights of the water-absorbing layer, the fertilizer layer and the composite bacterial layer were the same as those of example 1.

Example 6

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the raw materials of the sand fixing layer comprise 13 percent of modified artemisia glue, 85 percent of super absorbent resin and 2 percent of adhesive by weight percentage.

Example 7

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the raw materials of the sand fixing layer comprise 23 percent of modified artemisia glue, 75 percent of super absorbent resin and 2 percent of adhesive by weight percentage.

Example 8

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the fertilizer layer comprises raw materials of a compound bacteria nutrient, a plant fertilizer and an adhesive, wherein the weight ratio of the compound bacteria nutrient to the plant fertilizer is 1: 0.8.

Example 9

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the fertilizer layer comprises raw materials of a compound bacteria nutrient, a plant fertilizer and an adhesive, wherein the weight ratio of the compound bacteria nutrient to the plant fertilizer is 1: 1.5.

Example 10

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the raw materials of the fertilizer layer comprise a compound bacteria nutrient and an adhesive.

Example 11

The difference between this example and example 1 is: the fertilizer layer comprises plant fertilizer and adhesive.

Comparative example 1

The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the raw materials of the water absorption layer, the fertilizer layer, the compound bacterial layer and the sand fixing layer with the same dosage in the embodiment 1 are all mixed uniformly and directly pressed into the conditioner particles.

Comparative example 2

The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: each particle comprises a water absorption layer, a sand fixing layer, a fertilizer layer and a composite bacterial layer from outside to inside, and the weight ratio of each layer is 1:3:4: 1.

The preparation method of the soil conditioner particles of the comparative example was: firstly, uniformly mixing raw materials such as composite bacteria powder, an adhesive and the like of a composite bacteria layer, and pressing the mixture into small granules on a tablet press to be used as a primary inner core; then, uniformly mixing all raw materials (containing a binder) of the fertilizer layer, and pressing the mixture into large granules for the second time to be used as a secondary inner core; and uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the sand fixing layer, performing third pressing, and finally uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the water absorbing layer, and performing fourth pressing to obtain a finished soil conditioner product, wherein the dosage form is spherical.

Comparative example 3

The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the comparative example differs from example 1 in that: each particle comprises a water absorption layer, a fertilizer layer, a sand fixing layer and a composite bacterial layer from outside to inside, and the weight ratio of each layer is 1:4:3: 1.

The preparation method of the soil conditioner particles of the comparative example was: firstly, uniformly mixing raw materials such as composite bacteria powder, an adhesive and the like of a composite bacteria layer, and pressing the mixture into small granules on a tablet press to be used as a primary inner core; then uniformly mixing all raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the sand fixing layer, and pressing the mixture into large granules for the second time to be used as secondary inner cores; and uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the fertilizer layer, performing third pressing, uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the water absorption layer, and performing fourth pressing to obtain a finished soil conditioner product, wherein the dosage form is spherical.

Comparative example 4

The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the comparative example differs from example 1 in that: each particle comprises a water absorption layer, a composite bacterium layer, a fertilizer layer and a sand fixing layer from outside to inside, and the weight ratio of each layer is 1:1:4: 3.

The preparation method of the soil conditioner particles of the comparative example was: firstly, uniformly mixing all raw materials (containing a binder) of a sand fixing layer, and pressing into small particles to be used as primary inner cores; then uniformly mixing various raw materials (containing a binder) of the fertilizer layer, and pressing the mixture into large granules serving as secondary inner cores; and uniformly mixing the raw materials of the composite bacteria layer, such as the composite bacteria powder, the adhesive and the like, performing third pressing on a tablet press, and finally uniformly mixing the raw materials (containing the adhesive) of the water absorbing layer, and performing fourth pressing to obtain a finished soil conditioner product, wherein the dosage form is spherical.

Comparative example 5

The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the raw material of the sand fixing layer adopts common carboxymethylated artemisia glue, and the carboxymethylation method of the artemisia glue is the same as that of the example 1.

Comparative example 6

The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the modified artemisia glue is completely replaced by the super absorbent resin.

Comparative example 7

The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the super absorbent resin is completely replaced by the modified artemisia glue.

Application example

1. Determination of sand-fixing effect and water-retaining property of desert soil

(1) The test method comprises the following steps:

taking sand desert soil (volume weight about 1.56 g/cm)³) Mixing, and packaging in containers with length, width and height of 50cm and 60 cm;

② 100 kg/mu (namely 300 g/m) of desert soil filled²) The soil conditioner prepared in the above examples and comparative examples was uniformly sprinkled in desert soil, while the soil in the entire container was stirred and drenched, with a water dosage of 9 t/mu (i.e., 13.5 kg/m)²)；

Thirdly, after 1d, the soil with the depth of 45cm is stirred again and then the soil is stirred according to the proportion of 16 t/mu (namely 24 kg/m)²) The dosage of the compound is applied to soilAnd spraying water again, and starting for detection after 2 d.

Fourthly, detecting the consolidation thickness and the compressive strength of the desert soil using the conditioners of the examples 1, 4 to 7 and the comparative examples 5 and 6; and (4) setting a blank case, only carrying out the stirring and water spraying processes of the first step and the second step, and not scattering any conditioner. The water loss rates of examples 1, 4 to 7 and comparative examples 5 to 7 were measured. The specific results are shown in tables 1 and 2 below.

The consolidation thickness was measured with a tape measure and five replicates of each specimen were measured. The compressive strength is measured by a soil hardness meter, the measuring and converting method is the same as the test of sand fixation effect of artemisia desertorum glue with different spraying concentrations (Liujun, the agricultural engineering journal, 2016(32)5, 149-; the method for detecting the mass water content comprises the following steps: samples with the length, width and height of 10cm were taken from the consolidated desert soil, the weight of the samples was recorded every 2d, the total detection time was 20d, 5 data were recorded each time, the average value was obtained, and then the water loss rate as compared with the weight loss measured last time was calculated as (weight loss/previous sample weight) × 100%. The final test results for consolidation thickness and compressive strength are shown in table 1 below. The results of the water retention measurements are shown in Table 2 below.

TABLE 1 results of testing sand-fixing effect and compressive strength of desert soil

Group name	Consolidation thickness in cm	Compressive strength, MPa
			Blank example	1.4	0.03
Example 1	48.7	1.16
			Example 4	46.1	1.03
Example 5	47.4	1.08
			Example 6	47.2	1.10
Example 7	47.8	1.12
			Comparative example 5	26.2	0.26
Comparative example 6	6.2	1.25

TABLE 2 Water-Retention test results for desert soil

As can be seen from the above table, the sand-fixing effect of examples 1 and 4-7 is better than that of comparative examples 5 and 6, which shows that the dosage of the sand-fixing layer of the soil conditioner of the invention and the dosage of the modified artemisia glue in the sand-fixing layer can affect the final consolidation and strength of the desert soil. Under the condition that the dosage of other raw materials of the conditioner is not changed, the sand fixing effect on the soil is better when the dosage of the sand fixing layer is more or the dosage of the modified artemisia glue in the sand fixing layer is more, but the dosage of the super absorbent resin is reduced when the dosage of the modified artemisia glue in the sand fixing layer is too high, so that the water retention property of the desert soil is influenced. The final sand fixing effect is seriously influenced by completely adopting the high water absorption resin in the sand fixing layer, and the sand fixing effect of the common carboxymethylated artemisia glue is inferior to that of the modified artemisia glue.

2. Effect of using soil conditioner in desert soil for cultivating crops

The soil improvement agents prepared in examples 1-3, 8-11 and comparative examples 1-4 were applied to 200 seeds of corn and sorghum, respectively, and planted for 1 month. As can be seen by comparison, the survival rates of the corn plants of examples 1-3 and 8-11 are respectively 98.5%, 95%, 96.5%, 94.5%, 96%, 93.5% and 94%, the surviving corn grows vigorously, the corn stalks are thick and the leaf areas are large, and the jointing is started; whereas the corn survival rates of comparative examples 1-4 were 55%, 67%, 72%, 71%; the growth vigor of the surviving corns is uneven, the height of the plants is short, the area of the leaves is relatively small, and the plant parts of the surviving corns begin to be pulled out. The survival rates of the sorghum plants of examples 1-3 and 8-11 are respectively 96.5%, 91%, 92%, 92.5%, 91%, 90% and 90.5%, and the survival sorghum plants have good growth vigor and large leaf areas and begin to be subjected to jointing; the survival rates of the sorghum plants in the comparative examples 1 to 4 are 43%, 52%, 58% and 56%, the growth vigor of the grown sorghum plants is better, the leaf area is normal, the growth of part of the plants is slower, and the plants are shorter.

Through analysis, the proportion of the compound bacteria nutrient and the plant fertilizer in the fertilizer layer has obvious influence on the growth of crops, if the proportion is too low, the content of the compound bacteria nutrient is less, the breeding of probiotics is not facilitated, if the proportion is too high, the content of the plant fertilizer is less, and the fertilizer absorption of corn seeds and seedlings is also influenced. The conditioner prepared by uniformly mixing the water absorption layer, the fertilizer layer, the compound bacterium layer and the sand fixation layer has poor growth vigor of partial crop seedlings due to lack of fertilizer because the soil solidification speed is too high and the fertilizer and the compound bacterium are not uniformly distributed in the soil. Changing the sequence of the fertilizer layer, the compound bacteria layer and the sand fixation layer of the soil conditioner can also influence the soil consolidation time and the water absorption efficiency, and can also influence the propagation of probiotics and the rapid dissolution and distribution of the fertilizer.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for desert gobi areas is characterized by being in a shape of a sheet, a particle or a sphere, and each sheet-shaped, particle-shaped or spherical soil conditioner comprises a water absorption layer, a fertilizer layer, a composite bacterial layer and a sand fixation layer in a weight ratio of 1:3-5:1:2-4 from outside to inside; the raw materials of the sand fixing layer comprise 13-23% of modified artemisia glue, 75-85% of super absorbent resin and 2% of adhesive by weight percentage;

the fertilizer layer comprises raw materials of a compound bacteria nutrient, a plant fertilizer and an adhesive, wherein the weight ratio of the compound bacteria nutrient to the plant fertilizer is 1: 0.8-1.5;

2. The soil conditioner for the gobi area in the desert as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the water absorption layer, the fertilizer layer, the composite bacteria layer and the sand fixation layer of each sheet-shaped, particle-shaped or spherical soil conditioner is 1:4:1: 3.

3. The soil conditioner for the gobi areas in the deserts, according to the claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that the raw materials of the sand fixing layer comprise 17 percent of modified artemisia glue, 81 percent of super absorbent resin and 2 percent of adhesive by weight.

4. The soil conditioner for the gobi area in the desert as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the compound bacteria nutrient to the plant fertilizer in the raw materials of the fertilizer layer is 1: 1.2.

5. The soil conditioner for desert, gobi areas of claim 1, wherein the binder comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose.

6. The soil conditioner for the desert gobi area as claimed in claim 1, 2, 4 or 5, wherein the water absorbing layer is sprayed with water soluble film on the outside.

7. The method for applying the soil conditioner for the gobi desert areas as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

8. The method for applying the soil conditioner in the gobi area as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S1, the amount of the soil conditioner is 175 kg/mu, the stirring depth is 45cm, and the amount of the sprayed water is 9 t/mu.