CN111450059A - 一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111450059A
CN111450059A CN202010523670.7A CN202010523670A CN111450059A CN 111450059 A CN111450059 A CN 111450059A CN 202010523670 A CN202010523670 A CN 202010523670A CN 111450059 A CN111450059 A CN 111450059A
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chinese herbal
plant
herbal medicine
extract
atomized liquid
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刘明泉
蔡荣钦
施少斌
施海升
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，包括以下步骤：（1）制备植物萃取物液体：先将香精香料、食品添加剂、纯净水混合搅拌均匀得到第一混合液；（2）制备植物萃取物：①、取药：按照中国药典法律法规取药植物萃取物原料；②、打粉：将植物萃取物原料进行打粉，粒度为60目；③、萃取：将步骤②获得的粉状原料在CO2气体笼罩下进行进行二氧化碳超临界萃取，超临界萃取的萃取温度为35～40℃，得到所需要的植物中草药萃取物；（3）混合：将第一混合液和中草药植物萃取物混合得到中草药植物雾化液体产品。本发明没有了口服药物的吸收损耗、肝脏首过效应，伤肝伤胃伤肾等副作用大幅降低，局部用药，用量少，见效快。

Description

一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及中草药制剂技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法。
背景技术
俗话说“病从口入”，呼吸道感染病毒和病菌是人类最常见的疾病，也是引起鼻腔、咽部、气管、支气管和肺部等诸多疾病的主要原因，呼吸道疾病在医学治疗方面，主要就是服用或注射抗生素。在呼吸道感染、咳嗽、 咽炎等疾病中，虽说也有雾化治疗手段，但是，其雾化媒介仍然是以抗生素为主。抗生素杀 菌的同时会造成人体的损害，部分抗生素在长期大量使用会导致听力受损，影响肝脏、肾脏 功能、引起胃肠道反应等。同时，长期使用抗生素还容易使细菌产生耐药，无药可治相当于 慢性自杀。目前，在全世界范围内，还没有抗生素以外的雾化液。
超临界CO2流体萃取(SFE)是利用超临界流体的溶解能力与其密度的关系，即利用压力和温度对超临界流体溶解能力的影响而进行的。在超临界状态下，将超临界流体与待分离的物质接触，使其有选择性地把极性大小、沸点高低和分子量大小的成分依次萃取出来。
目前国内已有成熟的提取工艺，可以成为现代新中医的技术依仗，通过对中草药进行二氧化碳超临界萃取，能够保持药用植物的有效成分，利用中草药植物萃取液配置雾化液应用于电子雾化装置产品具有很广阔的市场前景。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，植物萃取物活性成分可以通过现代科技“二氧化碳超临界萃取技术”大规模提取，目前国内已有成熟的提取工艺，可以成为现代新中医的技术依仗。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明具体采用如下技术方案：
一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备植物萃取物液体：先将香精香料、食品添加剂、纯净水混合搅拌均匀得到第一混合液；
（2）制备植物萃取物：
①、取药：按照中国药典法律法规取药植物萃取物原料，所述的植物萃取物原料包括中草药、花叶提取物或者薄荷萃取物，所述植物萃取物原料包括：香附，蔓荆，佛手柑，豆豉，青蒿，秦艽，橘红，紫苏，薄荷，薰衣草，羌活，葛根，麻黄，杏仁，桔梗，荆芥，紫苑，百部，白前，赤芍，党参，葱白，荆介，川芎，苍耳，半夏，甘草，油甘子，陈皮，玫瑰，茶叶，辛夷花，蒲公英，金银花，生地，当归，灵芝，连翘，栀子，麦冬，黄芩，防风，白企，苍术，肉丛蓉，红景天，雪莲花等中草药中的多种；
②、打粉：将植物萃取物原料进行打粉，粒度为60目；
③、萃取：将步骤②获得的粉状原料在CO2气体笼罩下进行进行二氧化碳超临界萃取，超临界萃取的萃取温度为35～40℃，萃取物中保持着药用植物的有效成分，而且能把高沸点、低挥发性、易热解的物质在远低于其沸点温度下萃取出来，即得到所需要的植物中草药萃取物；
（3）混合：将第一混合液和中草药植物萃取物混合得到中草药植物雾化液体产品。
相对于现有技术，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明的中草药活性成分不仅可以直接杀灭病毒，还具有显著的抗菌消炎、活血化瘀、止咳嗽化痰、安神/改善睡眠、消肿止痛、组织修复、治疗鼻炎、直接杀灭癌细胞等作用，也可雾化后由呼吸道吸收，有效成分直接进入血液循环，没有了口服药物的吸收损耗、肝脏首过效应，伤肝伤胃伤肾等副作用大幅降低，局部用药，用量少，见效快。
本发明制得的中草药植物雾化液体产品可应用于电子雾化装置产品，电子雾化器、电子超声波雾化器、电子超声波机、电子纳米雾化机、电子纳米雾化器、蒸薰雾化机、蒸薰雾化器、呼吸机等医疗设备，适用范围广，使用方便。
附图说明
图1为本发明CO2超临界萃取工艺流程示意图；
图2为本发明应用于雾化医疗设备使用后的患者人群与未使用的患者人群对照组疗效对照表。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例来详细说明本发明的具体内容。
本实施例提供了一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备植物萃取物液体：先将香精香料、食品添加剂、纯净水混合搅拌均匀得到第一混合液；
（2）制备植物萃取物：
①、取药：按照中国药典法律法规取药植物萃取物原料，所述的植物萃取物原料包括中草药、花叶提取物或者薄荷萃取物，所述植物萃取物原料包括：香附，蔓荆，佛手柑，豆豉，青蒿，秦艽，橘红，紫苏，薄荷，薰衣草，羌活，葛根，麻黄，杏仁，桔梗，荆芥，紫苑，百部，白前，赤芍，党参，葱白，荆介，川芎，苍耳，半夏，甘草，油甘子，陈皮，玫瑰，茶叶，辛夷花，蒲公英，金银花，生地，当归，灵芝，连翘，栀子，麦冬，黄芩，防风，白企，苍术，肉丛蓉，红景天，雪莲花等中草药中的多种；
②、打粉：将植物萃取物原料进行打粉，粒度为60目；
③、萃取：将步骤②获得的粉状原料在CO2气体笼罩下进行进行二氧化碳超临界萃取，超临界萃取的萃取温度为35～40℃，萃取物中保持着药用植物的有效成分，而且能把高沸点、低挥发性、易热解的物质在远低于其沸点温度下萃取出来，即得到所需要的植物中草药萃取物；
（3）混合：将第一混合液和中草药植物萃取物混合得到中草药植物雾化液体产品。
所述超临界流体的萃取工艺流程为：
放空CO2
↑
冷却水→CO2→低温浴槽→高压泵→预热器→萃取器→分离器→产品
超临界萃取可以在接近室温(35~40℃)及CO2气体笼罩下进行提取，有效地防止了热敏性物质的氧化和逸散。因此，在萃取物中保持着药用植物的有效成分，而且能把高沸点、低挥发性、易热解的物质在远低于其沸点温度下萃取出来。
所述超临界流体的萃取工艺流程如图1所示。
所述中草药植物萃取物亦可采用分子蒸馏技术提取，分子蒸馏是一种特殊的液-液分离技术，它不同于传统蒸馏依靠沸点差分离原理，而是靠不同物质分子运动平均自由程的差别实现分离。分子蒸馏技术其分离过程为物理分离过程，可以很好的保护被分离物质不被污染，特别是可保持天然提取物的原来品质，分离程度高，高于传统蒸馏以及普通的薄膜蒸发器。
进一步地，所述中草药植物雾化液体产品各组分质量份数为：植物中草药萃取物0.1-50克、食品添加剂1-50克、香精香料1-30克、纯净水10-100克。
进一步地，所述的香精香料包括丁香、柑橘或者柠檬香精等食品香精香料；所述的食品添加剂包括冰片、维生素类、氨基酸、葡萄糖、甘油（丙三醇）或者丙二醇、聚乙二醇等食品添加剂。
进一步地，所述中草药植物雾化液体产品各组分质量份数为：植物中草药萃取物40克、香精香料5克、纯净水50克、甘油（丙三醇）或者丙二醇、聚乙二醇5克。
进一步地，所述植物萃取物原料包括：豆豉5g、葱白5g、辛夷花5g、薄荷5g、苍耳5g、金银花5g、连翘5g，荆芥5g等。
豆豉：性平，味咸；和胃，除烦，解腥毒，去寒热。定性状鉴别本品呈椭圆形略扁，长0.6-1cm，直径0.5-0.7cm。表面黑色，皱缩不平，无光泽，一侧有棕色的条状种脐，珠孔不明显。子叶2片，肥厚。质柔软，断面棕黑色。气微，味微甘。以粒大、饱满、色黑者为佳。豆豉是一味中药，风寒感冒，怕冷发热，寒热头痛，鼻塞喷嚏，腹痛吐泻者宜食；胸膈满闷，心中烦躁者宜食。
葱白：味辛，性温；归肺、胃经。葱，多年生草本，高可达1250px。通常簇生、全体具辛臭，折断后有辛味之粘液。须根丛生，白色。鳞茎圆柱形，先端稍肥大，鳞叶成层，白色，上具白色纵纹。花期7-9月，果期8-10月。用于外感风寒，阴寒内盛，格阳于外，脉微，厥逆，腹泻，外敷治疗疮痈疔毒。《本草纲目》：“葱，所治之症，多属太阴、阳明，皆取其发散通气之功。通气故能解毒及理血病。气者，血之帅也，气通则血活矣。金疮磕损，折伤血出，疼痛不止者，王嵺《百一方》用葱白、砂糖等分研封之，云痛立止，更无痕瘢也。葱叶亦可用。又葱管吹盐入玉茎内，治小便不通及转脬危急者。余常用，治数人得验。
辛夷花：别名白玉兰、望春、玉兰花。玉兰花含有挥发油，其中主要为柠檬醛、丁香油酸等，还含有木兰花碱、生物碱、望春花素、癸酸、芦丁、油酸、维生素A等成分，具有一定的药用价值。玉兰花性味辛、温，具有祛风散寒通窍、宣肺通鼻的功效。可用于头痛、血瘀型痛经、鼻塞、急慢性鼻窦炎、过敏性鼻炎等症。现代药理学研究表明，玉兰花对常见皮肤真菌有抑制作用。
薄荷，土名叫“银丹草”，为唇形科植物，即同属其他干燥全草；薄荷是中华常用中药之一。它是辛凉性发汗解热药，治流行性感冒、头疼、目赤、身热、咽喉、牙床肿痛等症。外用可治神经痛、皮肤瘙痒、皮疹和湿疹等。平常以薄荷代茶，清心明目。治感冒发热喉痛，头痛，目赤痛，肌肉疼痛，皮肤风疹搔痒，麻疹不透等症，此外对痈、疽、疥、癣、漆疮亦有效。薄荷含有薄荷醇，该物质可清新口气并具有多种药性，可缓解腹痛、胆囊问题如痉挛，还具有防腐杀菌、利尿、化痰、健胃和助消化等功效。大量食用薄荷可导致失眠，但小剂量食用却有助于睡眠。
苍耳（学名：Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder）是菊科，苍耳属一年生草本植物，高可达90厘米。根纺锤状，茎下部圆柱形，上部有纵沟，叶片三角状卵形或心形，近全缘，边缘有不规则的粗锯齿，上面绿色，下面苍白色，被糙伏毛。雄性的头状花序球形，总苞片长圆状披针形，花托柱状，托片倒披针形，花冠钟形，花药长圆状线形；雌性的头状花序椭圆形，外层总苞片小，披针形，喙坚硬，锥形，瘦果倒卵形。7-8月开花，9-10月结果。苦、辛，微寒；小毒。祛风，散热，除湿，解毒。对降血糖、呼吸系统、心血管、抗炎有药理作用。
金银花（学名：Lonicera japonica Thunb.）别名忍冬。忍冬是一种具有悠久历史的常用中药，始载于《名医别录》，列为上品。“金银花”一名始见于李时珍《本草纲目》，文献沿用已久，已收入中国药典。此外，尚有“银花”、“双花”、“二花”、“二宝花”、“双宝花”等药材名称。忍冬花性甘寒，功能清热解毒、主温病发热；热毒血痢；痈肿疔疮；喉痹及多种感染性疾病。
连翘（拉丁学名：Forsythia suspensa）：是双子叶植物纲、捩花目、木樨科、连翘属落叶灌木。连翘早春先叶开花，花开香气淡艳，满枝金黄，艳丽可爱，是早春优良观花灌木，株高可达3米，枝干丛生，小枝黄色，拱形下垂，中空。叶对生，单叶或三小叶，卵形或卵状椭圆形，缘具齿。花冠黄色，1-3朵生于叶腋；果卵球形、卵状椭圆形或长椭圆形，先端喙状渐尖，表面疏生皮孔；果梗长0.7-1.5厘米。花期3-4月，果期7-9月。性凉，味苦；功能主治清热，解毒，散结，消肿。治温热，丹毒，斑疹，痈疡肿毒，瘰疬，小便淋闭。
荆芥（Nepeta cataria L.），别名：香荆荠、线荠、四棱杆蒿、假苏，是唇形科、荆芥属多年生植物。茎坚强，基部木质化，多分枝，高40-150厘米，基部近四棱形，上部钝四棱形，具浅槽，被白色短柔毛。入药用其干燥茎叶和花穗。鲜嫩芽小儿镇静最佳，荆芥叶黄绿色，茎方形微带紫色，横切面黄白色，穗子稍黑紫黄绿色。味平，性温，无毒，清香气浓。荆芥为发汗，解热药，是中华常用草药之一，能镇痰、祛风、凉血。治流行感冒，头疼寒热发汗，呕吐。
进一步地，所述的中草药植物雾化液体产品可应用于电子雾化装置产品，雾化器，电子超声波雾化器、电子超声波机、电子纳米雾化机、电子纳米雾化器、蒸薰雾化机、蒸薰雾化器等医疗设备。
为验证本实施例的实际效果，特选用100名轻度鼻炎症状患者分为两组，每组50人，分为对照组和治疗组，治疗组采用中草药植物雾化液雾化治疗，对照组经过常规药物治疗，一周7天之后疗效对照示意图表如图2所示，可见本实施例的中草药植物雾化液体产品具有显著的治疗效果。
本实施例的中草药活性成分不仅可以直接杀灭病毒，还具有显著的抗菌消炎、活血化瘀、止咳嗽化痰、安神/改善睡眠、消肿止痛、组织修复、治疗鼻炎、直接杀灭癌细胞等作用，也可雾化后由呼吸道吸收，有效成分直接进入血液循环，没有了口服药物的吸收损耗、肝脏首过效应，伤肝伤胃伤肾等副作用大幅降低，局部用药，用量少，见效快。
本实施例制得的中草药植物雾化液体产品可应用于电子雾化装置产品，电子雾化器、电子超声波雾化器、电子超声波机、电子纳米雾化机、电子纳米雾化器、蒸薰雾化机、蒸薰雾化器等医疗设备，适用范围广，使用方便。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
本发明使用到的标准零件均可以从市场上购买，异形件根据说明书的和附图的记载均可以进行订制，各个零件的具体连接方式均采用现有技术中成熟的螺栓、铆钉。焊接等常规手段，机械、零件和设备均采用现有技术中常规的型号，加上电路连接采用现有技术中常规的连接方式，在此不再详述。
在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应作广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。

Claims (6)

1.一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备植物萃取物液体：先将香精香料、食品添加剂、纯净水混合搅拌均匀得到第一混合液；
（2）制备植物萃取物：
①、取药：按照中国药典法律法规取药植物萃取物原料，所述的植物萃取物原料包括中草药、花叶提取物或者薄荷萃取物，所述植物萃取物原料包括：香附，蔓荆，佛手柑，豆豉，青蒿，秦艽，橘红，紫苏，薄荷，薰衣草，羌活，葛根，麻黄，杏仁，桔梗，荆芥，紫苑，百部，白前，赤芍，党参，葱白，荆介，川芎，苍耳，半夏，甘草，油甘子，陈皮，玫瑰，茶叶，辛夷花，蒲公英，金银花，生地，当归，灵芝，连翘，栀子，麦冬，黄芩，防风，白企，苍术，肉丛蓉，红景天，雪莲花等中草药中的多种；
②、打粉：将植物萃取物原料进行打粉，粒度为60目；
③、萃取：将步骤②获得的粉状原料在CO2气体笼罩下进行进行二氧化碳超临界萃取，超临界萃取的萃取温度为35～40℃，萃取物中保持着药用植物的有效成分，而且能把高沸点、低挥发性、易热解的物质在远低于其沸点温度下萃取出来，即得到所需要的植物中草药萃取物；
（3）混合：将第一混合液和中草药植物萃取物混合得到中草药植物雾化液体产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，其特征在于，所述中草药植物雾化液体产品各组分质量份数为：植物中草药萃取物0.1-50克、食品添加剂1-50克、香精香料1-30克、纯净水10-100克。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，其特征在于，所述的香精香料包括丁香、柑橘或者柠檬香精等食品香精香料；所述的食品添加剂包括冰片、维生素类，氨基酸，葡萄糖、甘油（丙三醇）或者丙二醇、聚乙二醇等食品添加剂。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，其特征在于，所述中草药植物雾化液体产品各组分质量份数为：植物中草药萃取物40克、香精香料5克、纯净水50克、甘油（丙三醇）或者丙二醇、聚乙二醇5克。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，其特征在于，所述植物萃取物原料包括：豆豉5g、葱白5g、辛夷花5g、薄荷5g、苍耳5g、金银花5g、连翘5g，荆芥5g等。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有活性分子中草药植物雾化液体制备方法，其特征在于，所述的中草药植物雾化液体产品可应用于电子雾化装置产品，雾化器，电子超声波雾化器、电子超声波机、电子纳米雾化机、电子纳米雾化器、蒸薰雾化机、蒸薰雾化器和呼吸机等医疗设备。
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