CN1114495A - 化验装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种化验装置,用于收集样品、分析一部分样品以及运送样品的未掺杂剩余部分。其包括:容器(12),其具有一孔口(14)以及一腔室(18),用于收集和储存样品;容器盖(28),用于密封孔口(14);化验装置(40),用于对样品作化学分析,以及一种隔开腔室与化验装置(40)的装置,用于将部分样品引入化验装置并防止其满溢,化验装置包括一个设置在腔室与化验装置之间的储槽(34)以及一种设置在储槽与化验装置之间的渍吸材料。
Description
本发明涉及一种化验装置,用于收集样品、分析一部分样品并运送样品的非掺杂的剩余部分。
本发明更为一般地说是涉及一些化验装置,且特别是涉及适合于用来测定很大范围内的各种化学成分的存在状况的野外装置。在当今存在全球意识的社会中,查明那些可能存在于环境或各种动物中的有害或不良化合物的存在状况是非常重要的。
举例来说,在现场基础上化验有可能包括任何数量的工业化学物以及农药的水污染存在状况就是很重要的。此外,动物的各种体液经常要予以检验,以测定可能从农药到药物的各种污染物。
对于后一种情况,由于普通居民中能够得到和使用的药物数量增大,导致雇主、政府机构、体育团体和其他组织要采用药物甄别既作为雇用条件也作为维持工作场所安全性检测的手段。
由于涉及的数量很大,诸如尿液等体液样品的收集和检验必须简单易行而又经济合算。
除此之外,还有一项要求,即所采集的各种样品在其完善性方面要有所保证;也就是说,样品的掺杂作假必须予以防止,以便保证检验结果的准确。这种对于完善性的要求,当然,如果需要收集步骤的肉眼观察,会引起侵犯隐私权的问题。
最为重要的是,艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合症)的出现已经大大地增加了与处理体液有关的健康风险。此前采用的用于收集和容纳比如尿液这样的各种体液的装置都涉及一些分离的步骤。第一步骤是收集样品,随后需要许多要求把尿样转移到某种分析装置或装置的步骤。自然,这种多步骤过程需要通过使用移液管、注射器或其他一些器具对样品作人工移送。使用这些转移器具会不可避免地造成一些洒落,可能导致对于分析员或者他的/她的周围同事有所污染。
此外,常用的收集和检验装置的另一个重大缺点是,经受检验的样品必须以收集装置中取除,其结果是,从杯形收集器抽取的样品有可能被混淆或被错认。这种样品混淆实在令人为难,并且经常导致在被检查人员职业和病历记载方面产生不利的后果。
由于一般的药物甄别检验目的只在于定性地快速从事鉴定某种体液比如尿液中药物的存在,唯有甄别结果为阳性时才进行样品的全面分析,所以极其重要的是,药物甄别结果要在已经鉴定为阳性的体液样品上取得,以便确保此样品与经受检验人员形成确切的一一对应关系,自然,一旦某种样品从杯形收集器向另一单独的分析器具或装置中移送,这件事就处于危险之中。
本发明的目的在于提供一种化验装置,如前所述,适合于任何应用次数的液体中化学成分的现场检验,这种装置不需要样品在收集步骤之后的任何移送。因而,不仅事实上消除了污染的风险,而且由于收集和分析都由单独一个装置来完成,决不可能出现样品的错认现象。
在化验体液以寻求药物的情况下,本发明提供经过量测的试样容积、试样存储和检验之后对试样来说既是封闭住的又是明显可见的观察口。再有,多种药物分析可以使用以下说明的装置同时进行。
一种符合本发明的化验装置,其包括:
容器装置,其具有一孔口,用于收集样品,以及一腔室,用于储存所述样品;
容器盖装置,用于密封容器装置孔口;
化验装置,其装接于所述容器装置上,用于对所述样品作化学分析,所述化验装置安置在所述容器装置上,以便有可能对其进行直接的肉眼观察;以及
一种隔开所述腔室与所述化验装置的装置,用于将部分样品引入至化验装置并防止化验装置因此部分样品而满溢,所述最后提及的装置包括一个设置在所述腔室与所述化验装置之间的储槽以及一种设置在所述储槽与所述化验装置之间的渍吸材料。
重要的是,提供有一种装置,其用于在容器盖处于密封容器孔口的位置时把腔室中的一部分样品引入到化验装置中。这样,就没有必要从化验装置中取走样品以便进行化学分析。
在这方面,本发明的装置完全免除了从装置中移送某种样品,以便进行化学分析这一作法,而所有先有技术中的装置却都是这样的。如前述所指出的,这在实验室安全和时间节省两方面都是具有显著地优点的。
尤其重要的是,特别适合于体液药物甄别日本发明的一个实施例包括有用于防止样品过早或偶然进入化验装置的装置。此外,由于体液样品始终不离开装置,如果对某种药物显示出阳性检验结果,则整个装置可以取走或运送到另一地区或实验室,以便完成此种体液的定量和确认分析。
更为具体地说,按照本发明,化验装置可以包括安放在容器上的色谱装置,以使得有可能对其进行直接的肉眼观察。从而不需要任何附加步骤来完成体液的药物甄别分析。
如前述所指出的,按照本发明,药物甄别装置可以进一步包括用于防止体液在收集体液期间进入色谱装置的装置。为了防止药物甄别分析过早或偶然启动,这一点是很重要的;而且还可消除由经受检验的人员对体液掺杂作假的可能性,如果不是全部消除、也是大大地减少了。
通路装置可以配置得使一部分体液在容器的方位改变时有可能进入色谱装置。特别是,可以把防止体液在收集体液期间进入通路装置的装置结构设计得只在容器出现翻转时才能使体液进入到通路装置。
按照本发明,可取之处在于,提供了用于可脱开密封通路装置的装置,以便防止体液过早地或偶然地进入通路装置。
色谱装置可以永久性地装接于容器侧壁的外部,并且通路装置包括一储槽和一种在容器侧壁上形成至少一个孔,用以向色谱装置输送体液的装置。
色谱装置可以包括许多间隔开的薄层色谱条带,每一条带包括用于对体液进行一种不同的特定分析物的化学分析的装置。
更为具体地说,色谱装置可以包括渍吸装置,用于均匀地将体液向许多间隔开的色谱条带的每一条带分配,而且各个色谱条带可以设置得彼此成大体平行关系并平行于容器的一个纵轴。渍吸装置可以设置在每一色谱条带的一端,而色谱装置可以进一步包括一垫板,以便接纳流过各个条带的液体。
本发明结构的各项优点和特性以及其他目的在结合附图予以考查之后可从以下说明中得到更好的了解,附图中:
图1是符合本发明的药物甄别装置的分解透视图,其从总体上表明容器、容器盖和化验装置;
图2是本发明的另一分解透视图,其更清楚地表明用于支承色谱条带的一种模制外罩的一个实施例;
图3是沿着容器的侧壁设置的色谱装置的横截面视图;
图4是示于图1中的本发明的一个实施例的局部视图,其中可以设置间隔件,用于确保隔开各个色谱条带;
图5是示于图2中的本发明另一个实施例的横截面,其表明许多不带间隔件的条带;
图6是一放大的横截面视图,其表明进出色谱条带的通路被封住了;
图7是沿着图6中的线7-7所截取的容器盖悬置构件的横截面视图,此构件可将舌板推向密封位置(实线表示)和开启位置(虚线表示);以及
图8是类似于图6的视图,其表明舌板处于开放位置。
现在参见图1和图2所示,图中示出本发明的一种化验装置10,用于收集并分析一种比如某种体液(未示出)那样的样品。该装置一般包括一容器12,其具有一孔口14,该孔口是一用于收集体液的装置,且其还有一腔室18,该腔室是一用于贮存所收集的体液的装置。
容器12可以用任何适当的材料,比如塑料,加工或模制而成,并可包括周向肋条22,用以保证容器12的刚性,而在容器上接近孔口14处形成的螺纹24以一定尺寸制造得可用以接纳容器盖28。如以下要说明的,在容器盖28旋拧到螺纹24上之后其会形成一密封孔口14的装置。对于药物甄别来说,一般容器12的容量可以在大约100至120毫升之间;不过,本发明不打算局限于这一大小或容量。
在容器12的内壁30上制出有一容腔或储槽34,以及许多穿过容器器壁的孔36,如图2和图3所示。此后要较为详细地说明,储槽34和孔36提供了一种用于把体液输往化验装置40的装置,此化验装置可为样品的化学分析创造条件。在作药物检验的情况下,样品可以是一种体液,比如尿液,而化验装置可以是一种如以下要予以说明的色谱装置。应当显而易见的是,所使用的化验装置40应当具有检验样品的一种或多种有关成分的功能。
虽然只示出一个储槽34,但应当理解的是,可以使用多个储槽,每一个储槽与一个孔36相连通。
一般地说,色谱装置40包括一外壳42,模压形成容器12的平坦侧边44。许多乳胶/抗体条带46和用于这些乳胶/抗体条带46的一块盖板48都可以是任何常用的薄层色谱条带。
每一条带可以是因不同分析物而特定的,从而可能同时对体液进行高达五种分析物的特定检验。比如,化验可以针对THC-COOH、苯甲酰芽子碱、吗啡、安非他明/脱氧麻黄碱和苯环己呱啶。
应当理解,任何数量的分析物同时作特定检验都可以使用本发明的装置10予以实现。虽然图中只示出了五个条带,但可以采用更多或更少数量的单独条带,这取决于对体液所要进行的所需检验项目的数量。组装好装置之后,如图3所示,设置在每一条带46的一端54上面的一种渍吸材料52提供了把体液在容器12翻转时从各孔36分配到多个薄层色谱条带46的每一个中的手段,这在今后将要更为详细地予以说明。
体液在被渍吸材料52引入每一条带46的端部54之后,其通过毛细作用沿着此条带46传送至每一条带46的另一端部56(见图3中的箭头58),在条带的这一端处体液为垫板60所吸收。在盖板48的顶部66和底部68上面的密封62、64可防止任何体液从色谱装置40中逸出。底部密封64并非是必需的,它取决于垫板60的吸收能力。
盖板48可以永久性地固定于容器上,从而确保化学分析结果与容器12一起保留,而且如果容器盖28和螺纹24是以通常方式制成可防止容器盖轻易卸掉,则剩留在腔室18中的体液可以永久性地附着于由色谱装置所提供的化学分析记录上。在这方面,盖板48可以具有一透明部分70,以便通过其能对色谱条带46进行肉眼观察。
如图1和图5所示,许多条带46可以通过把端部54以间隔方式粘接在渍吸材料上以及把端部56以间隔方式粘接在垫板60上而使其被间隔开来,然后,盖板48密封于容器12上则可在各条带46上保持足够的张力,以防止各个条带彼此接触。
换一种方式,如图4所示,许多间隔开的纵向肋条78可布置在各个条带46定位的条板上,而后条带定位于其间并保持各条带隔开。
应当理解,在各个条带46与任何表面之间的接触应当最小,以防止比如沿着肋条78与条带46之间的界面的成沟作用的这种显微水解问题,这种水解作用不然就会对从每一条带46的一端54流向另一端56的液体的毛细作用产生干扰,从而干扰在体液沿着各个条带46运动期间所发生的化学检验。现已经发现,一般沿杯形容器12的纵轴80设置各个条带46时,除了其端部54、56之外,各个条带46的支承最少或没有支承。
如图1所示,内盖84可以用粘接或类似方法固定在腔室18之内于储槽34的上面,其提供了一种装置,以用于防止在收集体液期间体液进入到色谱装置40中。
如图6和图8更清楚地示出,内盖84包括一下悬舌板88,它构成了一个由箭头90(见图8)所示的一条体液流动通路,并因而提供了一种在容器盖28处于密封容器12的位置以及容器倾斜或翻转时把腔室18中的一部分体液经由储槽34和孔36引入到色谱装置40的装置。
内盖84在显著降低或消除由接受检验的人员体液的造假的可能性方面起着重要的作用。内盖84提供了储槽的可见部分,并可防止向下喷注的、由腔室18收集的体液直接进入储槽34。只有在容器12被翻转过来时体液才能够沿着内盖84下面的流动通路90进入到储槽34中。
一旦翻转过来,储槽就充满体液,而储槽中的液量在由渍吸材料52分配时足以湿润各个条带46。于是,储槽和渍吸材料就提供了一种消除条带46满溢现象的装置。
内盖84可以用任何适当的塑料或类似材料制成为无支撑的形状,如图8所示,它具有一盖住储槽的平面部分92,而舌板88模制在其上,并可围绕一弧形连接部分94枢转。
如前所述,容器盖28借助于螺纹24可密封地装接于容器12上,这些螺纹的形状设计成可使容器盖既可在图7中实线所示的第一转角位置上密封地接合于容器12上,在此位置悬置构件96迫使下悬舌板88处于靠紧内壁的关闭和密封位置;如图6所示,其也可在图7中虚线所示的第二位置上密封地接合于容器12上,在此位置上,悬置构件96被推离下悬舌板88,因而容许内盖84的初始弹力造成示于图8的自由位置,这样就形成了此前提及的流动通路90。
因此,相对于容器转动容器盖28,容器中样品进出储槽的通道就得到控制而不会破坏容器盖28与容器12之间密封的完整性。
虽然以上说明了一种符合本发明的化验装置,目的在于表明使用本发明可以获得好处的方式,但应当理解,本发明并不局限于此,因而,本技术领域中的熟练技术人员可以想到的任何和一切修改、变更或等同装置都应当认为是处在所附各项权利要求中限定的本发明的范围之内。
Claims (11)
1.一种化验装置,用于收集样品、分析一部分样品并运送样品的未掺杂剩余部分,所述化验装置包括:
容器装置,其具有一孔口,用于收集样品,以及一腔室,用于贮存所述样品;
容器盖装置,用于密封容器装置孔口;
化验装置,其装接于所述容器装置上,用于对所述样品进行化学分析,所述化验装置设置在所述容器装置上,以便能够对其进行直接的肉眼观察;以及
一种隔离开所述腔室与所述化验装置的装置,用于将部分样品引入至化验装置并防止化验装置因此部分样品而满溢,所述最后提及的装置包括一个设置在所述腔室与所述化验装置之间的储槽以及一种设置在所述储槽与所述化验装置之间的渍吸材料。
2.按照权利要求1所述的化验装置,其进一步包括用于使所述样品的那部分能够在所述容器装置翻转时进入所述储槽的通道装置,以及对容器盖的转动作出响应、用于使腔室与通道装置可脱离密封而不会使容器盖装置与容器装置脱离密封的装置。
3.按照权利要求2所述的化验装置,其进一步包括用于防止样品在收集样品期间进入通道装置的装置。
4.按照权利要求1所述的化验装置,其中所述用于密封通道装置的装置包括一从所述容器盖装置垂悬的构件。
5.按照权利要求4所述的化验装置,其中该悬置构件设置在所述容器盖装置上,用于使在容器盖装置处在密封容器的第一转角位置处配置在容器上时密封通道装置,而在容器盖装置处在密封容器的第二转角位置处配置在容器上时不密封通道装置。
6.按照权利要求1所述的化验装置,其中所述化验装置包括永久性地装接于容器装置侧壁的外部的色谱装置。
7.按照权利要求6所述的化验装置,其中所述通路装置包括一储槽和在容器装置侧壁上形成至少一个孔口而用于把样品输送至所述色谱装置的装置。
8.按照权利要求1所述的化验装置,其中所述化验装置包括许多间隔开的薄层色谱条带;每一条带包括用于针对某种不同的特定物质从事所述样品的化学分析的装置。
9.按照权利要求8所述的化验装置,其中所述化验装置进一步包括渍吸装置,用于均匀地把部分样品分配到所述许多间隔开的薄层色谱条带的每一条带上。
10.按照权利要求9所述的化验装置,其中所述许多间隔开的薄层色谱条带一般以彼此平行方式并平行于容器装置的纵轴方式设置。
11.按照权利要求10所述的化验装置,其中所述渍吸装置设置在每一色谱条带的一端,而所述色谱装置进一步包括设置在每一色谱条带的另一端的垫板装置,用于接收流过各个色谱条带的流体。
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US3832134A (en) * | 1971-10-04 | 1974-08-27 | D Sohn | Tlc method and device for detecting the presence of target substances in unknown solutions |
SE360179B (zh) * | 1972-01-31 | 1973-09-17 | F Linder | |
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IT1028403B (it) * | 1975-01-16 | 1979-01-30 | Crippa Egidia | Contenitore con provetta esterna per analisi di urine e altri liquidi acidi |
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WO1980000406A1 (en) * | 1978-08-23 | 1980-03-20 | Lucas & Soehne Kunststoffwerk | Container for analysis,particularly for analysing a urine sample |
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-
1993
- 1993-09-16 US US08/122,227 patent/US5403551A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-09-08 DK DK94927591T patent/DK0668745T3/da active
- 1994-09-08 WO PCT/EP1994/003012 patent/WO1995007659A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-09-08 KR KR1019950702018A patent/KR950703892A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1994-09-08 AT AT94927591T patent/ATE180153T1/de active
- 1994-09-08 NZ NZ273604A patent/NZ273604A/en unknown
- 1994-09-08 CN CN94190693A patent/CN1114495A/zh active Pending
- 1994-09-08 CA CA002147498A patent/CA2147498C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-08 ES ES94927591T patent/ES2133577T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-08 EP EP94927591A patent/EP0668745B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-08 AU AU76959/94A patent/AU684548B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-09-08 JP JP50897295A patent/JP3319760B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-08 DE DE69418592T patent/DE69418592T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-14 MY MYPI94002446A patent/MY131609A/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-07-15 GR GR990401884T patent/GR3030796T3/el unknown
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104697816A (zh) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-10 | 艾博生物医药(杭州)有限公司 | 一种装置及方法 |
CN106018399A (zh) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-10-12 | 陈诗秋 | 一种食品中多种添加剂的快速检测方法 |
WO2020140648A1 (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-09 | Abbott Rapid Diagnostics International Unlimited Company | Assay device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0668745A1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
NZ273604A (en) | 1996-10-28 |
GR3030796T3 (en) | 1999-11-30 |
ES2133577T3 (es) | 1999-09-16 |
US5403551A (en) | 1995-04-04 |
JP3319760B2 (ja) | 2002-09-03 |
CA2147498A1 (en) | 1995-03-23 |
CA2147498C (en) | 2003-12-30 |
DK0668745T3 (da) | 1999-11-22 |
AU684548B2 (en) | 1997-12-18 |
JPH08503556A (ja) | 1996-04-16 |
AU7695994A (en) | 1995-04-03 |
KR950703892A (ko) | 1995-11-17 |
MY131609A (en) | 2007-08-30 |
ATE180153T1 (de) | 1999-06-15 |
DE69418592D1 (de) | 1999-06-24 |
EP0668745B1 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
WO1995007659A1 (en) | 1995-03-23 |
DE69418592T2 (de) | 1999-10-14 |
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