CN111434638A - Argil sintering infiltration brick - Google Patents
Argil sintering infiltration brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN111434638A CN111434638A CN201910029785.8A CN201910029785A CN111434638A CN 111434638 A CN111434638 A CN 111434638A CN 201910029785 A CN201910029785 A CN 201910029785A CN 111434638 A CN111434638 A CN 111434638A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0003—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof containing continuous channels, e.g. of the "dead-end" type or obtained by pushing bars in the green ceramic product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
- C04B2235/3234—Titanates, not containing zirconia
- C04B2235/3236—Alkaline earth titanates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a argil sintering water seepage brick, which consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 50-55% of argil, 20-25% of coal gangue, 10-15% of shale, 10-15% of iron plant waste residues and 0.5-1% of barium titanate, wherein the main component of the iron plant waste residues is ferric oxide. The argil-sintered water-permeable brick provided by the invention can effectively overcome one or more technical defects of the existing municipal pavement bricks, and for example, the argil-sintered water-permeable brick can effectively improve the frost resistance in the aspect of freeze-thaw resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of permeable pavement and green environment-friendly ecological materials for sponge cities in alpine regions in northern China, in particular to a pottery clay sintered permeable brick.
Background
With the rapid development of sponge city construction in alpine regions in northern China, the demand of permeable pavement in gardens, municipal pavements, parks, communities and factories in sponge cities is increasing. The present municipal construction paving materials are mainly cement bricks or asphalt and concrete materials, and the cement bricks are generally materials manufactured by using fly ash, coal cinder, coal gangue, tailing slag, chemical industry slag or natural sand, tidal marsh mud, organic pigment and the like (one or more of the above raw materials) as main raw materials, using cement as a coagulant and not calcining at high temperature. The existing cement brick mainly has the defects of poor freezing resistance, short service life of 3-4 years, low strength, no pressure resistance, no environmental protection, easy fading, environmental pollution, impermeability, rainwater white loss, no underground infiltration, incapability of freely breathing of urban land, easy peeling of the surface layer of the cement brick to generate dust, influence on urban attractiveness, potential safety hazard and the like. Therefore, how to improve the performance of the ecological environment-friendly permeable pavement material for sponge city construction becomes an urgent problem to be solved for the permeable pavement in the sponge city construction in the current alpine region.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a pottery clay sintered water permeable brick suitable for the construction field of sponge cities in northern cold regions of China aiming at the defects of the prior art so as to solve one or more defects of the cement brick mentioned in the background technology.
According to one aspect of the invention, the argil-sintered water seepage brick is provided and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50-55% of argil, 20-25% of coal gangue, 10-15% of shale, 10-15% of iron plant waste residues and 0.5-1% of barium titanate, wherein the main component of the iron plant waste residues is ferric oxide.
Preferably, the argil consists of the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 22：65%-75%、Ai2O3：15%-20%、Fe2O3：1%-7%、K2O：1%-4%、Na2O：0.1%-2%、TiO2：0.1%-1%、CaO：0.1%-1%、MgO：0.1%-1%、P2O5：0.01%-1%、MnO：0.001%-0.01%、Cr2O3：0.001%-0.01%。
Preferably, the SiO in the argil2The weight percentage of the component (A) is 70-75%.
Preferably, Ai in said clay2O315-20% by weight.
Preferably, the kaolin is Fe2O3The weight percentage of the component (A) is 3-7%.
Preferably, K in the argil2The weight percentage of O is less than 4 percent.
Preferably, Na in the pottery clay2The weight percentage of O is less than 2 percent.
Preferably, the argil sintered water-seeping brick is a brick which is obtained by high-temperature calcination at least 1200 ℃ and heat preservation stoneware treatment for more than 32 hours, has a high-strength and stable ceramic sintered crystal image and has an internal structure with mutually communicated pores of 3-15 mu m.
Preferably, the argil sintered permeable brick is subjected to high-pressure forming and demolding treatment at a pressure of more than 100MPa before sintering treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the argil sintered water seepage brick provided by the invention can effectively solve one or more technical defects of sponge city construction in alpine regions in northern China, consists of argil, coal gangue, shale, iron plant waste residues and barium titanate, can highly utilize and recover the iron plant waste residues and the coal gangue, and comprehensively utilizes a large amount of industrial solid wastes to solve the problem of environmental protection.
In addition, the silicon dioxide with a specific proportion is added into the argil, so that the sintering density of the product can be effectively improved.
In addition, aluminum oxide with a specific proportion is added into the argil, so that the sintering strength of the product can be effectively improved.
In addition, the invention also adds iron oxide, potassium oxide or/and sodium oxide with specific proportion into the argil, which can effectively reduce the firing temperature of the product, save the heat energy cost and reduce the high temperature pollution, especially, the addition of the iron oxide with specific proportion can deepen the color of the product, thus obtaining the product with rich chroma.
In addition, the argil of the invention can obviously improve the stability of the physical properties of the argil after weathering pretreatment for at least 1 year, and has homogenization effect.
In addition, the service life of the product can be obviously prolonged by sintering the argil sintered water seepage brick at least 1200 ℃ for more than 32 hours, and the obtained argil sintered water seepage brick has water storage rate, can adsorb a large amount of rainwater in rainy days, has good permeability, enables urban land to freely breathe, can evaporate a ton of rainwater stored in sunny days, can increase urban air humidity, reduces urban pavement temperature, effectively solves urban heat island effect, and meets the development requirement of ecological smart cities for sponge city construction.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing clay sintered water permeable bricks according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples in order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention by a person skilled in the art, without thereby limiting the invention.
In order to overcome the defects of environmental pollution, short service life, poor freezing resistance, poor compactness, easy fading, easy peeling of the surface layer, low strength and the like caused by the existing cement bricks used as bricks for municipal pavements, the invention provides the argil sintered water seepage bricks which can be well suitable for sponge city construction in alpine regions in northern China.
According to one aspect of the application, the argil-sintered water-permeable brick consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 50-55% of argil, 20-25% of coal gangue, 10-15% of shale, 10-15% of iron plant waste residues and 0.5-1% of barium titanate, wherein the main component of the iron plant waste residues is ferric oxide.
While china clay is generally classified on the market according to its chemical properties, particularly its aluminum content, a tertiary china clay is preferred for the china clay of the present invention, which has a yellow color after high-temperature calcination, so that the service life of the obtained china clay-fired water-permeable bricks is longer. According to the experimental statistics of the inventor, the service life of the argil sintered water seepage brick obtained by adopting the three-level argil is relatively prolonged by about 4 years compared with the sintered brick obtained by using the common argil. Specifically, the tertiary argil comprises the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 22：65%-75%、Ai2O3：15%-20%、Fe2O3：1%-7%、K2O：1%-4%、Na2O：0.1%-2%、TiO2：0.1%-1%、CaO：0.1%-1%、MgO：0.1%-1%、P2O5：0.01%-1%、MnO：0.001%-0.01%、Cr2O3：0.001%-0.01%。
Preferably, the SiO in the argil2The weight percentage of the components is 70-75 percent, so that the frost resistance of the product is effectively improved.
Preferably, Ai in said clay2O3The weight percentage of the components is 15-20 percent, so that the compressive strength of the product is effectively improved.
Preferably, the kaolin is Fe2O3The weight percentage of the component (A) is 3-7%, so that the firing temperature of the product is effectively reduced, the heat energy cost is saved, and the high-temperature pollution is reduced; and the color of the product can be deepened to obtain the product with preset chroma.
Preferably, K in the argil2The weight percentage of O is less than 4 percent, so as to further reduce the firing temperature of the product, save the heat energy cost and reduce the high-temperature pollution.
Preferably, Na in the pottery clay2The weight percentage of O is less than 2 percent, so as to further reduce the firing temperature of the product, save the heat energy cost and reduce the high-temperature pollution.
Preferably, the pottery clay is weathered for at least 1 year to significantly improve the stability of the physical properties of the pottery clay for homogenization.
Preferably, the argil sintered water-seeping brick is a brick which is obtained by high-temperature calcination at least 1200 ℃ and heat preservation stoneware treatment for more than 32 hours, has a high-strength and stable ceramic sintered crystal image, and has an internal structure with 3-15 mu m pores which are mutually communicated, so that a rich 'sponge structure' is formed. Therefore, the pottery clay baked brick has certain high strength, water permeability, water storage property and freeze-thaw resistance, and the product fills the gap of construction and water permeable pavement of sponge cities in alpine regions in northern China.
Preferably, the argil-sintered water-permeable brick is subjected to high-pressure forming and demolding treatment at a pressure of more than 100Mpa before sintering treatment so as to remarkably prolong the service life of the product, and the obtained argil-sintered water-permeable brick has high water absorption and respiration and can effectively solve the urban heat island effect.
Specifically, the clay sintered permeable brick is subjected to the following treatment before being formed, referring to fig. 1, including:
and step S101, the tertiary argil is weathered. The weathering time is preferably 1 year, and the purpose of the weathering is to stabilize the physical properties of the tertiary china clay and to achieve homogenization.
And S102, crushing the three-level argil weathered for a preset time by using a crusher or a crusher, and then entering the next burdening process.
Because the un-crushed pottery clay has uneven thickness, in order to reduce the proportion of the pottery clay with large diameter, the proportion and the mixing of the next batching process are more accurate, a crusher or a crusher is adopted to crush the three-stage pottery clay to obtain the pottery clay with the preset diameter, and the preset diameter can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation.
And step S103, batching. The three-level argil and other components comprising gangue, shale, iron plant waste residues and barium titanate which form the argil sintered permeable brick are respectively weighed, and are stirred and wheel-milled according to a preset weight proportion to obtain powder.
And step S104, molding and demolding. The powder is sent into a press die through a tool vehicle (such as a material distribution vehicle), and is molded and demoulded under the pressure of 100MPa to obtain a semi-finished brick.
And step S105, sintering. The finished brick is fired at a high temperature of 1200 ℃, and the firing time is preferably 32 hours, so as to obtain the argil sintering infiltration brick.
The technical parameters of the argil sintered permeable brick of the specific embodiment are detected to obtain corresponding detection results, so that the technical effects obtained by the invention are further illustrated.
Example 1
The argil sintered water seepage brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 55% of tertiary argil, 20% of coal gangue, 10% of shale, 14.5% of iron plant waste residue and 0.5% of barium titanate.
TABLE 1 Property parameters of the pot clay-fired brick of example 1
| Performance parameter | Density of | Compressive strength | Water absorption rate | Freezing resistance | Service life |
| Measured value | 1.85g/cm3 | 60MPa | 9％ | The dry mass loss is 0.1 percent | For 10 years |
Wherein, the dry mass loss under the frost resistance performance parameter refers to the mass loss generated by performing freeze-thaw experiments on the argil sintered water-seeping bricks for more than 30 times under the set condition of 35 ℃ below zero; the service life is calculated according to the loss of dry mass loss to the usual standard of the prior art.
Example 2
The argil sintered water seepage brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 52% of tertiary argil, 23% of coal gangue, 10% of shale, 14.5% of iron plant waste residue and 0.5% of barium titanate.
TABLE 2 Properties of the pot clay-fired brick of example 2
| Performance parameter | Density of | Compressive strength | Water absorption rate | Freezing resistance | Service life |
| Measured value | 1.95g/cm3 | 62MPa | 8.8％ | The dry mass loss is 0.11 percent | For 10 years |
Example 3
The argil sintered water seepage brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% of tertiary argil, 25% of coal gangue, 10% of shale, 14.5% of iron plant waste residue and 0.5% of barium titanate.
TABLE 3 Properties of the pot clay-fired brick of example 3
| Performance parameter | Density of | Compressive strength | Water absorption rate | Freezing resistance | Service life |
| Measured value | 1.76g/cm3 | 58MPa | 9.6％ | The dry mass loss is 0.11 percent | For 10 years |
In order to more clearly show the technical advantages of the argil sintering infiltration brick, the inventor also carries out comparative technical parameter detection on cement bricks frequently adopted in the market.
Comparative example 1
The cement brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight in the prior art: 30% of fly ash, 30% of furnace slag, 15% of coal gangue, 15% of tailing slag and 10% of cement.
TABLE 4 Performance parameters of the cement bricks of comparative example 1
| Performance parameter | Density of | Compressive strength | Water absorption rate | Freezing resistance | Service life |
| Measured value | 0.85g/cm3 | 25MPa | 18％ | The dry mass loss is 10.8 percent | For 3 years |
As can be seen from the above, the density of the argil-sintered water-permeable brick provided by the invention is basically 1.7 cm3The density is more than 2 times of the density of the existing cement brick; the compressive strength of the argil sintered permeable brick is basically more than 55MPa and is 2 times of that of the existing cement brick. The water absorption rate of the argil-sintered water-permeable brick is obviously lower than that of the existing cement brick, so that the freeze-thaw resistance can be effectively improved, and the service life of the argil-sintered water-permeable brick can be prolonged.
It should be noted that the clay sintered permeable brick of the present invention has various embodiments in terms of the amount of clay added, and various embodiments in combination with other raw materials, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (9)
1. The argil sintering water seepage brick is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 50-55% of argil, 20-25% of coal gangue, 10-15% of shale, 10-15% of iron plant waste residues and 0.5-1% of barium titanate, wherein the main component of the iron plant waste residues is ferric oxide.
2. The pot clay sintered permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the pot clay comprises the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 22：65%-75%、Ai2O3：15%-20%、Fe2O3：1%-7%、K2O：1%-4%、Na2O：0.1%-2%、TiO2：0.1%-1%、CaO：0.1%-1%、MgO：0.1%-1%、P2O5：0.01%-1%、MnO：0.001%-0.01%、Cr2O3：0.001%-0.01%。
3. The pot clay sintered permeable brick according to claim 2, wherein SiO in the pot clay2The weight percentage of the component (A) is 70-75%.
4. The pot clay sintered water permeable brick of claim 2, wherein Ai in the pot clay2O315-20% by weight.
5. The pot clay sintered permeable brick according to claim 2, wherein Fe is in the pot clay2O3The weight percentage of the component (A) is 3-7%.
6. The pot clay sintered permeable brick according to claim 2, wherein the pot clay is in the pot clayK2The weight percentage of O is less than 4 percent.
7. The pot clay sintered permeable brick according to claim 2, wherein Na in the pot clay2The weight percentage of O is less than 2 percent.
8. The pot clay sintered permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the pot clay sintered permeable brick is a brick having a high-strength stable ceramic sintered crystal image and 3 to 15 μm pores with an internal structure which are communicated with each other, which is obtained by high-temperature calcination at a temperature of at least 1200 ℃ and heat insulation stonewashing treatment for more than 32 hours.
9. The pot clay sintered permeable brick according to claim 8, wherein the pot clay sintered permeable brick is subjected to high pressure forming at a pressure of 100Mpa or more and a mold release treatment before the sintering treatment.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111926985A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-13 | 安徽恒创环保建材有限公司 | Building brick for house building |
| CN115521836A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-12-27 | 贵州茅台酒股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of airing hall for producing Maotai-flavor liquor |
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Application publication date: 20200721 |