CN113480278A - Red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113480278A CN113480278A CN202110870812.1A CN202110870812A CN113480278A CN 113480278 A CN113480278 A CN 113480278A CN 202110870812 A CN202110870812 A CN 202110870812A CN 113480278 A CN113480278 A CN 113480278A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/32—Aluminous cements
- C04B7/323—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
- E01C5/065—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders characterised by their structure or component materials, e.g. concrete layers of different structure, special additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of colored bricks, in particular to a red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the colored brick comprises a base layer and a surface layer, and the base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 50-80 parts of red mud ceramsite and 25-30 parts of gold tailing sand; the water-to-glue ratio is 0.30-0.35; the surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 22-38 parts of gold tailing sand, 0.2 part of color retention agent and 1-1.6 parts of coloring agent; the water-glue ratio is 0.35-0.4. The prepared encaustic brick has light weight, and improves the heat preservation and anti-seismic performance; the raw materials are all utilized to be solid waste, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected; in the base layer of the colored brick, the gold tailing sand and the red mud ceramsite are jointly used as aggregate, and are compounded with the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material, and the harmful metal elements and the like in the gold tailing sand are hydrated and fixed through the hydration function of the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material, so that the pollution of the gold tailing sand to the environment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of colored bricks, in particular to a red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The gold tailings are solid wastes discharged after gold ores are subjected to mineral separation or gold extraction processes to recover gold or other useful components. Generally, the gold tailings are alkaline, the content of silicon dioxide in the tailings is high, and the tailings contain a part of aluminum oxide, iron oxide and a small amount of metal elements such as silver, copper and lead. Along with the development of economy, gold mineral resources are continuously developed, the quantity of tailings is gradually increased, and meanwhile, the comprehensive utilization rate is only 18.9%. A large amount of tailings cannot be recycled and accumulated in a tailing pond, so that land resources are occupied, the atmosphere, surface water and underground water are polluted, and huge potential safety hazards exist.
The colored brick is a general name of all pavement bricks, is particularly suitable for being used in places with dense crowds, such as squares, sidewalks, pedestrian streets, supermarkets and the like, and is an ideal ground decoration material for modern city construction. The surface of the colored brick is rough, the colored brick is not easy to slip in rainy days, the travel safety of people in rainy days is facilitated, and the compression resistance and the breaking strength of the colored brick also need to meet the needs of urban pavements.
Most of the traditional colored bricks are made of cement, sand and stone, have the defects of excessive specific gravity, poor heat insulation performance, labor consumption and the like, and are not beneficial to sustainable development because the production raw materials are mainly natural mineral resources.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the bottom layer of the colored brick uses non-fired red mud ceramsite and gold tailing sand as aggregate, and the surface layer aggregate uses gold tailing sand as aggregate, so that the prepared colored brick is light in weight, and the heat preservation and anti-seismic performance are improved; the raw materials are all utilized to be solid waste, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved, and the method can be widely applied to sidewalks such as parks.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
in a first aspect of the invention, the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick comprises a base layer and a surface layer;
the base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 50-80 parts of red mud ceramsite and 25-30 parts of gold tailing sand; the water-to-glue ratio is 0.30-0.35;
the surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 22-38 parts of gold tailing sand, 0.1-0.2 part of color retention agent and 1-1.6 parts of coloring agent; the water-to-glue ratio is 0.35-0.4;
in an embodiment of the invention, the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material is prepared by grinding solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement clinker and 3% -10% of desulfurized gypsum, wherein the raw materials of the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement clinker are composed of the following components: 23-27% of limestone tailings, 27-31% of desulfurized gypsum, 18-22% of steel slag and 22-26% of aluminum ash;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the red mud ceramsite comprises: mixing and grinding the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, Bayer process red mud, desulfurized gypsum and carbide slag, adding water, and pressing and forming to prepare spherical red mud based recycled aggregate; maintaining at room temperature to fully hydrate the red mud to obtain the red mud ceramsite.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based encaustic brick of the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
preparing a surface layer mixture: uniformly mixing a solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, gold tailing sand, water, a coloring agent and a color retention agent to prepare a dry and hard surface layer mixture;
preparing a bottom layer mixture: dry-mixing the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, the red mud ceramsite and the gold tailing sand, adding water and a water reducing agent, uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer mixture;
spreading a surface layer mixture in a mould, carrying out oscillation molding, uniformly spreading a bottom layer mixture on the surface layer formed by pressing, carrying out oscillation molding to obtain a colored brick blank, and maintaining the colored brick blank to obtain a colored brick.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an application of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based encaustic brick of the first aspect in the field of urban road construction.
The specific embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the bottom layer of the colored brick uses the non-fired red mud ceramsite and the gold tailing sand as the aggregate, and the surface layer aggregate uses the gold tailing sand as the aggregate, so that the prepared colored brick is light in weight, and the heat preservation and anti-seismic performance are improved; the raw materials are all utilized to be solid waste, so that the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the method can be widely applied to sidewalks such as parks and the like;
in the base layer of the colored brick, the gold tailing sand and the red mud ceramsite are jointly used as aggregate and are compounded with the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material, so that the colored brick with light weight, pressure resistance and wear resistance can be obtained, and the harmful metal elements and the like in the gold tailing sand are hydrated and fixed through the hydration effect of the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material, so that the dissolution of the harmful elements is reduced, and the pollution of the gold tailing sand to the environment is reduced; the process is simple, the cost is low, the green energy conservation and emission reduction are realized, and the high-value utilization of the gold tailing sand solid waste resource is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick preparation.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In one embodiment of the invention, the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick comprises a base layer and a surface layer;
the base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 50-80 parts of red mud ceramsite and 25-30 parts of gold tailing sand; the water-to-glue ratio is 0.30-0.35;
the surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 22-38 parts of gold tailing sand, 0.1-0.2 part of color retention agent and 1-1.6 parts of coloring agent; the water-to-glue ratio is 0.35-0.4;
the gold tailings are alkaline, the content of silicon dioxide in the tailings is high, and the tailings simultaneously contain a part of aluminum oxide, iron oxide and a small amount of metal elements such as silver, copper, lead and the like, so that the gold tailings are low in recovery rate, pollute atmosphere, surface water and underground water and have huge potential safety hazards. The gold tailings are applied to the base layer and the surface layer of the colored brick, and in the base layer of the colored brick, the gold tailings sand and the red mud ceramsite are jointly used as aggregate and are compounded with the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material, so that the colored brick with light weight, pressure resistance and wear resistance can be obtained, and the harmful metal elements and the like in the gold tailings sand are hydrated and fixed through the hydration effect of the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material, so that the dissolution of the harmful elements is reduced, and the pollution of the gold tailings sand to the environment is reduced; in the surface layer of the colored brick, gold tailing sand is directly compounded with a solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material as aggregate, and a coloring agent and a color retention agent are added, so that the obtained surface layer of the colored brick has good mechanical property, bright color and difficult fading.
The solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material can stably fix harmful heavy metal elements in the gold tailing sand and the red mud ceramsite, not only can reduce the pollution of the gold tailing sand and the red mud as raw materials of the colored brick to the environment, but also can strengthen the reinforcing effect of the heavy metal on the water-stable aggregate and enhance the mechanical properties of the colored brick, such as compressive strength, flexural strength and wear resistance.
And the cementing material contains a large amount of metal ions, such as aluminum, titanium, vanadium, chromium and the like, the metal ions can play a role of reinforcing phases in the water bone-stabilizing material, and the metal ions are solidified in the use process of the water bone-stabilizing material in cooperation with the heavy metal ions in the gold tailings and the red mud, so that the frost resistance of the colored brick can be effectively improved.
In an embodiment of the invention, the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material is prepared by grinding solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement clinker and 3% -10% of desulfurized gypsum, wherein the raw materials of the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement clinker are composed of the following components: 23-27% of limestone tailings, 27-31% of desulfurized gypsum, 18-22% of steel slag and 22-26% of aluminum ash;
in some embodiments of the invention, the raw material of the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cement clinker consists of: 20.61% of steel slag, 24.74% of aluminum ash, 29.38% of desulfurized gypsum and 25.26% of limestone tailings;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate gelled material comprises: grinding and homogenizing steel slag, aluminum ash, desulfurized gypsum and limestone tailings, calcining the ground and homogenized raw materials in a kiln at the temperature of 1220-1300 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-60 min to obtain solid waste base sulphoaluminate cement clinker, and grinding the obtained solid waste base sulphoaluminate cement clinker and 3-10% of desulfurized gypsum to obtain a solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material;
specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the raw material of the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cement clinker is ground, homogenized, calcined in a kiln at 1220 ℃, and kept for 30min to obtain the cement clinker, and 96 wt% of the cement clinker is mixed with 4 wt% of desulfurized gypsum and ground to obtain the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cement.
The solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material has the characteristics of early strength, quick hardening, low cost and environmental protection; compared with common Portland cement, the energy-saving and low-carbon Portland cement is more energy-saving and low-carbon, and is a green and environment-friendly cementing material.
In an embodiment of the invention, the red mud ceramsite comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30% of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 60% of Bayer process red mud, 5% of desulfurized gypsum and 5% of carbide slag; water accounting for 8 percent of the total mass of the solid waste raw materials;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the red mud ceramsite comprises: mixing and grinding the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, Bayer process red mud, desulfurized gypsum and carbide slag, adding water, and pressing and forming to prepare spherical red mud based recycled aggregate; maintaining at room temperature to fully hydrate the red mud to obtain the red mud ceramsite.
The red mud is industrial solid waste discharged during the extraction of alumina in the aluminum industry, has large amount of ferric oxide, generally has large amount of ferric oxide, is insoluble residue and can be divided into sintering process red mud, Bayer process red mud and combination process red mud, and the main component is SiO2、Al2O3、CaO、Fe2O3The red mud is alkaline substances, alkali in the red mud can be dissolved out along with the flushing of rainwater, surface water and underground water can be polluted, and the red mud contains various trace elements, belongs to dangerous solid wastes and needs special attention when being recycled.
The red mud is applied to the preparation of the colored bricks, the red mud is firstly required to be prepared into the red mud ceramsite aggregate, the red mud is compounded with the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, the carbide slag and the desulfurized gypsum, and the red mud ceramsite is prepared by dry pressing and forming, and the ceramsite is light in weight and good in mechanical property.
In one or more embodiments, the curing temperature is 15-25 ℃, preferably 20 ℃, the air humidity is 93-97%, preferably 95%, and the curing time is 26-30 days, preferably 28 days, so that the red mud-based aggregate is fully hydrated and the performance of the red mud-based aggregate is ensured.
In the embodiment of the invention, the particle size distribution of the gold tailings is 100-200 mm.
In an embodiment of the invention, the colorant is an iron oxide pigment.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the water reducing agent is a high-efficiency polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is 30%.
The invention provides a preparation method of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a surface layer mixture: uniformly mixing a solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, gold tailing sand, water, a coloring agent and a color retention agent to prepare a dry and hard surface layer mixture;
preparing a bottom layer mixture: dry-mixing the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, the red mud ceramsite and the gold tailing sand, adding water and a water reducing agent, uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer mixture;
spreading a surface layer mixture in a mould, carrying out oscillation molding, uniformly spreading a bottom layer mixture on the surface layer formed by pressing, carrying out oscillation molding to obtain a colored brick blank, and maintaining the colored brick blank to obtain a colored brick.
In one or more embodiments, the curing temperature is 15-25 ℃, preferably 20 ℃, the curing humidity is 97-99%, preferably 98%, and the curing days are 26-30 days, preferably 28 days.
In one or more embodiments, the bottom layer has a thickness of 55mm and the top layer has a thickness of 5 mm.
In one or more embodiments, in the process of preparing the bottom layer mixture, the dry mixing time is 50-70 s, preferably 60s, and the water reducing agent are uniformly mixed for 110-130 s, preferably 120 s;
the invention provides an application of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick in the field of urban road construction.
The invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Preparing a solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material:
20.61% of steel slag, 24.74% of aluminum ash, 29.38% of desulfurized gypsum and 25.26% of limestone tailings, calcining the ground and homogenized raw materials at 1220 ℃ in a kiln, and keeping the temperature for 30min to obtain solid waste base sulphoaluminate cement clinker, grinding the obtained solid waste base sulphoaluminate cement clinker and 4% of desulfurized gypsum to prepare the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material, wherein the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material has the characteristics of early strength, quick hardening, low cost and environmental protection.
Preparing red mud ceramsite: 30% of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 60% of Bayer process red mud, 5% of desulfurized gypsum and 5% of carbide slag; water accounting for 8 percent of the total mass of the solid waste raw materials; mixing and grinding the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, Bayer process red mud, desulfurized gypsum and carbide slag, adding water, and pressing and forming to prepare spherical red mud based recycled aggregate; maintaining at room temperature to fully hydrate the red mud to obtain the red mud ceramsite, wherein the maintaining temperature is 20 ℃, the air humidity is 95%, and the maintaining time is selected from 28 days.
Example 2
The preparation method of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick comprises the following steps: preparing a bottom material layer raw material by utilizing 15 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 78 parts of red mud ceramsite, 25 parts of gold tailing sand and 0.30 water-cement ratio, wherein the raw material layer comprises 15 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 38 parts of gold tailing sand and 0.2 part of color retention agent; 1.5 parts of colorant, preparing a surface layer raw material by a water-adhesive ratio of 0.35, uniformly stirring, adding a surface layer raw material into a bottom die of an oscillating table, vibrating to compact the surface layer raw material, adding a base material layer raw material, vibrating to compact the surface layer raw material, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer is 55mm, and the thickness of the surface layer is 5 mm; and (4) after demolding, carrying out performance test after the brick sample is maintained for 28 days at the standard maintenance temperature of 20 +/-0.5 ℃ and the humidity of 98%.
And (3) performance testing: the prepared encaustic brick has the compression strength of 40.7MPa in 3 days, the compression strength of 45.6MPa in 28 days and the breaking strength of 6.3MPa in 28d, and meets the C45 standard (the standard requirement is more than C40). The water absorption is 4.5% (required to be less than or equal to 6.5%). Wear resistance: the abrasion resistance is 2.9 (the abrasion resistance is required to be more than or equal to 1.9); pit length 19.6mm (it is required that the pit length is not more than 32mm), frost resistance: the mass loss rate of 50 times of freeze-thaw cycles is 1.89 percent (not more than 5 percent required), the compressive strength loss rate is 6.1 percent (not more than 20 percent required by the standard)
Example 3
The preparation method of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick comprises the following steps: preparing a bottom layer raw material by utilizing 20 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 75 parts of red mud ceramsite, 27 parts of gold tailing sand and 0.32 part of water-cement ratio, preparing a surface layer raw material according to the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 20 parts of gold tailing sand, 0.2 part of color retention agent, 1.5 parts of coloring agent and 0.40 part of water-cement ratio, uniformly stirring, adding a surface layer raw material into a bottom die of a shaking table, vibrating to compact the surface layer raw material, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer is 55mm, and the thickness of the surface layer is 5 mm; adding the raw materials of the primer layer, vibrating to compact the brick, curing the demoulded brick sample at the standard curing temperature of 20 +/-0.5 ℃ and the humidity of 98% for 28 days, and then performing performance test.
And (3) performance testing: the prepared encaustic brick has the compression strength of 42.5MPa in 3 days, 46.6MPa in 28 days and 6.6MPa in 28d, and meets the C45 standard (the standard requirement is more than C40). The water absorption is 4.5% (required to be less than or equal to 6.5%). Wear resistance: the abrasion resistance is 2.8 (the abrasion resistance is required to be more than or equal to 1.9); pit length 19.4mm (it is required that the pit length is not more than 32mm), frost resistance: the mass loss rate of 50 times of freeze-thaw cycles is 1.85 percent (not more than 5 percent required), the compressive strength loss rate is 5.9 percent (not more than 20 percent required by the standard)
Example 4
The preparation method of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick comprises the following steps: 25 parts of solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material is utilized; 70 parts of red mud ceramsite; 30 parts of gold tailing sand; preparing a primer layer raw material according to the water-glue ratio of 0.34, and preparing 22 parts of a solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material; 35 parts of gold tailing sand; 0.2 part of color retention agent; 1.5 parts of a coloring agent; preparing a surface layer raw material according to the water-glue ratio of 0.42, uniformly stirring, adding a surface layer raw material into a bottom die of an oscillating table, and vibrating to compact the surface layer raw material, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer is 55mm, and the thickness of the surface layer is 5 mm; adding the raw materials of the primer layer, vibrating to compact the brick, curing the demoulded brick sample at the standard curing temperature of 20 +/-0.5 ℃ and the humidity of 98% for 28 days, and then performing performance test.
And (3) performance testing: the prepared encaustic brick has the compression strength of 43.7MPa in 3 days, the compression strength of 47.6MPa in 28 days and the breaking strength of 7.1MPa in 28d, and meets the C45 standard (the standard requirement is greater than C40). The water absorption is 4.5% (required to be less than or equal to 6.5%). Wear resistance: the abrasion resistance is 2.6 (the abrasion resistance is required to be more than or equal to 1.9); pit length 20.4mm (it is required that pit length is not more than 32mm), frost resistance: the mass loss rate of 50 times of freeze-thaw cycles is 2.12 percent (not more than 5 percent required), the compressive strength loss rate is 5.1 percent (not more than 20 percent required by the standard)
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick comprises the following steps: preparing a bottom material layer by utilizing 25 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 70 parts of red mud ceramsite and 0.34 parts of water-cement ratio, preparing a surface material according to 22 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 35 parts of gold tailing sand, 0.2 part of color retention agent, 1.5 parts of coloring agent and 042 parts of water-cement ratio, uniformly stirring, adding the surface material layer into a bottom die of an oscillating table, vibrating to make the surface material layer compact, adding the bottom material layer, vibrating to make the bottom material layer compact, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer is 55mm, and the thickness of the surface layer is 5 mm; and (4) after demolding, carrying out performance test after the brick sample is maintained for 28 days at the standard maintenance temperature of 20 +/-0.5 ℃ and the humidity of 98%.
And (3) performance testing: the prepared encaustic brick has the compression strength of 29MPa in 3 days, the compression strength of 35.6MPa in 28 days and the breaking strength of 4.1MPa in 28d, meets the C45 standard (the standard requirement is more than C40), has the water absorption of 3.5 percent (the requirement is less than or equal to 6.5 percent), and has the wear resistance: the abrasion resistance is 1.5 (the abrasion resistance is required to be more than or equal to 1.9); pit length 35mm (require that pit length is not more than 32mm), frost resistance: the mass loss rate of 50 times of freeze-thaw cycles is 1.9 percent (not more than 5 percent required), the compressive strength loss rate is 6.9 percent (not more than 20 percent required by the standard)
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick comprises the following steps: 25 parts of ordinary portland cement is utilized; 70 parts of red mud ceramsite, 30 parts of gold tailing sand, and a primer layer raw material with the water-to-glue ratio of 0.34, wherein 22 parts of ordinary portland cement, 35 parts of gold tailing sand and 0.2 part of a color retention agent are adopted; 1.5 parts of a coloring agent; preparing a surface layer raw material by using water-glue ratio 042, uniformly stirring, adding a surface layer raw material into a bottom die of an oscillating table, vibrating to make the surface layer raw material compact, adding a bottom layer raw material, vibrating to make the bottom layer raw material compact, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer is 55mm, and the thickness of the surface layer is 5 mm; and (4) after demolding, carrying out performance test after the brick sample is maintained for 28 days at the standard maintenance temperature of 20 +/-0.5 ℃ and the humidity of 98%.
And (3) performance testing: the prepared encaustic brick has the compression strength of 33.6MPa in 3 days, the compression strength of 37.5MPa in 28 days and the breaking strength of 7.9MPa in 28d, meets the C45 standard (the standard requirement is more than C40), has the water absorption of 4.3 percent (the requirement is less than or equal to 6.5 percent), and has the wear resistance: the abrasion resistance is 2.5 (the abrasion resistance is required to be more than or equal to 1.9); pit length 21mm (require pit length not more than 32mm), frost resistance: the mass loss rate of 50 times of freeze-thaw cycles is 4.7 percent (not more than 5 percent required), the compressive strength loss rate is 9.3 percent (not more than 20 percent required by the standard)
As can be seen from the examples 2-4 and the comparative examples 1-2, compared with the comparative examples 1 and/or 2, the colored brick prepared by compounding the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, the red mud ceramsite and the gold tailing sand has improved mechanical properties such as compressive strength, breaking strength and the like, abrasion resistance and freezing resistance, and high-value utilization of the solid waste resources of the gold tailing sand is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick comprises a base layer and a surface layer, and is characterized in that the base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 50-80 parts of red mud ceramsite and 25-30 parts of gold tailing sand; the water-to-glue ratio is 0.30-0.35;
the surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 22-38 parts of gold tailing sand, 0.1-0.2 part of color retention agent and 1-1.6 parts of coloring agent; the water-glue ratio is 0.35-0.4.
2. The red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick according to claim 1, wherein the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material is prepared by grinding solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cement clinker and 3% -10% of desulfurized gypsum, wherein the raw materials of the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cement clinker comprise the following components: 23-27% of limestone tailings, 27-31% of desulfurized gypsum, 18-22% of steel slag and 22-26% of aluminum ash.
3. The red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate gelled material comprises the following steps: grinding and homogenizing the steel slag, the aluminum ash, the desulfurized gypsum and the limestone tailings, calcining the raw materials at 1220-1300 ℃ in a kiln, and keeping the temperature for 30-60 min to obtain solid waste base sulphoaluminate cement clinker, and grinding the obtained solid waste base sulphoaluminate cement clinker and 3-10% of desulfurized gypsum to obtain the solid waste base sulphoaluminate cementing material.
4. The red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based encaustic brick according to claim 1, wherein the red mud ceramsite comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30% of solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, 60% of Bayer process red mud, 5% of desulfurized gypsum and 5% of carbide slag; water accounting for 8 percent of the total mass of the solid waste raw materials.
5. The red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based encaustic brick according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the red mud ceramsite comprises the following steps: mixing and grinding the solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, Bayer process red mud, desulfurized gypsum and carbide slag, adding water, and pressing and forming to prepare spherical red mud based recycled aggregate; maintaining at room temperature to fully hydrate the red mud to obtain red mud ceramsite;
preferably, the curing temperature is 15-25 ℃, preferably 20 ℃, the air humidity is 93-97%, preferably 95%, and the curing time is 26-30 days, preferably 28 days.
6. The red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based encaustic brick according to claim 1, wherein the particle size distribution of the gold tailing sand is 100 mm-200 mm.
7. The red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based encaustic brick according to claim 1, wherein the colorant is an iron oxide pigment; the water reducing agent is a high-efficiency polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
8. The preparation method of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a surface layer mixture: uniformly mixing a solid waste based sulphoaluminate cementing material, gold tailing sand, water, a coloring agent and a color retention agent to prepare a dry and hard surface layer mixture;
preparing a bottom layer mixture: dry-mixing the solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementing material, the red mud ceramsite and the gold tailing sand, adding water and a water reducing agent, uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a bottom layer mixture;
spreading a surface layer mixture in a mould, carrying out oscillation molding, uniformly spreading a bottom layer mixture on the surface layer formed by pressing, carrying out oscillation molding to obtain a colored brick blank, and maintaining the colored brick blank to obtain a colored brick.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein in the process of preparing the base mix, the dry mixing time is 50-70 s, preferably 60s, and the water reducing agent are added and uniformly mixed for 110-130 s, preferably 120 s.
10. The application of the red mud ceramsite-gold tailing sand-based colored brick as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7 in the field of urban road construction.
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