CN111430488A - 一种全黑光伏组件 - Google Patents
一种全黑光伏组件 Download PDFInfo
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种全黑光伏组件,包括镀黑釉的面板玻璃、透明封装胶膜一、电池片、透明封装胶膜二与黑色背板玻璃依次叠层,层压成一块整体,将无机黑色釉料印刷到面板玻璃内层表面,然后经烘干,钢化或热化加工处理,将釉料永久烧结于玻璃内层表面而得到一种耐磨,耐酸碱的产品,镀釉的位置与摆串后电池片上的涂锡铜带、汇流条位置一致,经过层压封装后可遮挡银白色的涂锡铜带和汇流条,可以有效防眩光,成本低,能够防止正面玻璃破碎时飞溅,增加安全性;电池片转换效率高,且光伏组件厂在使用该方法时,无需增加额外工序,大大提高光伏组件的生产效率和合格率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于光伏领域,具体涉及一种全黑光伏组件。
背景技术
随着光伏组件大规模应用后,光伏组件与建筑的色彩融合性要求日益受到人们的关注。传统黑色光伏组件采用的是黑色边框和黑背板,但所有涂锡铜带表面仍是银色,光伏组件并不能达到全黑效果,在美观上有一定缺陷,并且因为眩光污染的存在,使得光伏屋顶系统的全面推广受到限制。目前市场推出的全黑组件多为在涂锡铜带上贴有黑胶带、包覆黑色金属涂层、刷黑色涂料。这些方法成本昂贵,且操作繁琐,光伏组件生产加工过程中不良率偏高。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明公开了一种全黑光伏组件,利用在正面玻璃上镀黑釉的方法,大大降低材料成本,且光伏组件厂在使用该方法时,无需增加额外工序,大大提高光伏组件的生产效率和合格率。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种全黑光伏组件,包括镀黑釉的面板玻璃、透明封装胶膜一、电池片、透明封装胶膜二与黑色背板玻璃依次叠层,层压成一块整体,外侧设有边框,面板玻璃内侧镀有条状黑釉层,所述黑釉层两侧均匀分布的点状黑釉层,黑釉层的位置与摆串后电池片上的涂锡铜带、汇流条位置一致,镀釉层的宽度比涂锡铜带、汇流条宽度多0.1-5毫米,所述背板玻璃与面板玻璃的宽度一致,接线盒固定在背板玻璃背面。
所述釉层镀在经过表面处理的面板玻璃的内表面;镀釉层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料准备:
玻璃基釉52%、黑色类着色剂25%、调墨油22%、氧化锌1%;
将玻璃基釉、着色剂与氧化锌混合研磨,细度≥300目,再与调墨油充分均匀搅拌后形成黑色玻璃色釉;
其中调墨油配方:
松节油40%、松油醇20%、树脂20%、乙基纤维素15%、高沸点类有机助溶剂5%;
将树脂和乙基纤维素混合搅拌均匀,加热至85℃,待全部溶解后冷却、过滤;用松节油和高沸点类有机助溶剂混合调至粘稠形成调墨油。
玻璃基釉配方:
氧化硼50%、氧化铝10%、抗酸性氧化钛15%、抗碱性氧化锆15%、硅酸10%;
将上述材料放入坩埚中至600±10℃熔化,熔融液流入水中,过滤取得固体物。
黑色类着色剂为氧化铱或铬酸铁与钴盐或锰盐的混合物,用量各半。
(2)清洗:使用清洗机用纯净水对玻璃印刷面进行清洗后干燥,可提高玻璃表面的清洁度,从而保证印刷质量;
(3)印刷:通过承印平台的调整和定位,确定丝网印版和玻璃内表面贴合接触,再调整丝网印版的平整度和网距,设置好挡规,保证印刷图案位置的精准度;调整刮釉刀的刮印角度、歪度和压力,使之与网版和玻璃保持线接触;将釉料倒入网版,调整刮釉刀,使印刷部分均匀覆盖一层黑釉;
(4)钢化烧结:将印刷后的玻璃放在钢化炉内加热至600±10℃,钢化时间160±5秒,使得黑釉更有质感,且与玻璃烧结成为一体,保证黑釉牢固的附着在玻璃表面,不易脱落,耐久性更强;
(5)冷却:将钢化烧结后的镀釉玻璃冷却至室温,再次清洗干燥后即可使用。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述丝网印版为条状或者网格状。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述镀釉层厚度>30μm。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明利用在正面玻璃背面镀黑釉的方法,
1)可以有效防眩光;
2)电池片的受光面积大、转换效率高;
3)能够防止正面玻璃破碎时飞溅,增加安全性;
4)黑釉层耐磨、耐酸碱,使用寿命长;
5)大大降低材料成本,且光伏组件厂在使用该方法时,无需增加额外工序,大大提高光伏组件的生产效率和合格率。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的组件剖面示意图;
图2为本发明所述的正面玻璃镀釉示意图;
图3为本发明所述的组件背面示意图。
图4为本发明所述的点状黑釉层放大示意图。
附图标记列表:
1、正面玻璃(内表面镀釉),2、透明封装胶膜一,3、电池片,4、透明封装胶膜二,5、背板玻璃,6、遮挡汇流条的镀釉层,7、遮挡涂锡铜带的镀釉层,8、边框,9、接线盒,10、点状黑釉层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,进一步阐明本发明,应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
如图所示,本发明所述的一种全黑光伏组件参照图1、图2和图3所示,它包括:
正面玻璃1,内侧镀有黑釉的透明玻璃(也可以是条状黑色涂料),镀釉的位置与摆串后电池片上的涂锡铜带、汇流条位置一致,镀釉的宽度比涂锡铜带、汇流条宽度多0.1-5毫米,封装后可遮挡银白色的涂锡铜带和汇流条;
封装胶膜一2,一种热固性有粘性的透明材料(EVA),用于正面玻璃1和电池片3之间交联固化,起粘结作用;
电池片3,黑色,通过涂锡铜带、汇流条连接;
封装胶膜二4,一种热固性有粘性的透明材料,用于背板玻璃5和电池片3之间交联固化,起粘结作用;
背板玻璃5,黑色,位于太阳能电池板的背面,对电池片起保护和支撑作用,具有可靠的绝缘性、阻水性、耐老化性;
镀釉层(遮挡汇流条)6,将无机黑色釉料印刷到正面玻璃内层表面,然后经烘干,钢化或热化加工处理,将釉料永久烧结于玻璃内层表面而得到一种耐磨,耐酸碱的产品。镀釉的位置与摆串后电池片上的汇流条位置一致,封装后可遮挡银白色的汇流条;
镀釉层(遮挡涂锡铜带)7,将无机黑色釉料印刷到正面玻璃内层表面,然后经烘干,钢化或热化加工处理,将釉料永久烧结于玻璃内层表面而得到一种耐磨,耐酸碱的产品。镀釉的位置与摆串后电池片上的涂锡铜带位置一致,镀釉的宽度比涂锡铜带宽度多0.1-5毫米,封装后可遮挡银白色的涂锡铜带;
本发明可以通过改变镀釉的位置、形状,以适应不同板型光伏组件(如半片光伏组件)的汇流条、涂锡铜带的遮挡,另一方面可以在条状黑釉层两侧均匀分布的点状黑釉层,可有效防止涂锡铜带偏移露白带来的视觉影响。
边框8,黑色,固定、密封太阳能电池组件、增强组件强度,延长使用寿命,便于运输、安装;
接线盒9,黑色,通过黑色硅胶与组件的背板玻璃5粘在一起,组件内的引出线通过接线盒内的内部线路连接在一起,内部线路与外部线缆连接在一起,使组件与外部线缆导通。
本发明采用内侧镀有黑釉的透明玻璃,即将无机黑色釉料印刷到玻璃内层表面,然后经烘干,钢化或热化加工处理,将釉料永久烧结于玻璃内层表面而得到一种耐磨,耐酸碱的产品。镀釉的位置与摆串后电池片上的涂锡铜带、汇流条位置一致,经过层压封装后可遮挡银白色的涂锡铜带和汇流条。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,而不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可做出很多形式,这些均属于本发明的保护之内,例如使用黑色镀釉玻璃替代背板玻璃5,可以做出全黑双玻光伏组件;或者使用其他黑色涂料替代黑色镀釉层;或者黑色镀釉层改为深色(包括黑色、深褐、深蓝、墨绿)镀釉层等,以适用不同用户对颜色喜好的不同需求。
Claims (7)
1.一种全黑光伏组件,其特征在于:包括背面有条状黑层的面板玻璃、透明封装胶膜一、电池片、透明封装胶膜二与黑色背板玻璃依次叠层,层压成一块整体,外侧设有边框,面板玻璃内侧黑层的位置与摆串后电池片上的涂锡铜带、汇流条位置一致,黑层的宽度比涂锡铜带、汇流条宽,所述背板玻璃与面板玻璃的宽度一致,接线盒固定在背板玻璃背面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种全黑光伏组件,其特征在于:所述条状黑层为镀黑釉层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种全黑光伏组件,其特征在于:所述镀釉层的宽度比涂锡铜带、汇流条宽0.1-5mm。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种全黑光伏组件,其特征在于:所述镀釉层两侧均匀分布有点状黑釉层。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种全黑光伏组件,其特征在于:所述镀釉层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料准备:
玻璃基釉52%、黑色类着色剂25%、调墨油22%、氧化锌1%;
将玻璃基釉、黑色类着色剂与氧化锌混合研磨,再与调墨油均匀搅拌后形成黑色的玻璃色釉;
(2)清洗:使用清洗机用纯净水对面板玻璃的内表面进行清洗后干燥;
(3)印刷:通过承印平台的调整和定位,确定丝网印版和玻璃内表面贴合接触,再调整丝网印版的平整度和网距,设置好挡规,保证印刷图案位置的精准度;调整刮釉刀的刮印角度、歪度和压力,使之与网版和玻璃保持线接触;将步骤(1)得到的黑色的玻璃色釉倒入网版,调整刮釉刀,使印刷部分均匀覆盖一层黑釉;
(4)钢化烧结:将印刷后的玻璃放在钢化炉内加热至600±10℃,钢化时间160±5秒,与玻璃烧结成为一体;
(5)冷却:将钢化烧结后的镀釉玻璃冷却至室温,再次清洗干燥后即可使用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种全黑光伏组件,其特征在于:步骤(3)所述丝网印版为条状或者网格状。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种全黑光伏组件,其特征在于:步骤(3)所述镀釉层厚度>30μm。
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