CN111425250A - Double-layer pressure-reducing water-proof and drainage system for karst water-rich tunnel and construction method of double-layer pressure-reducing water-proof and drainage system - Google Patents
Double-layer pressure-reducing water-proof and drainage system for karst water-rich tunnel and construction method of double-layer pressure-reducing water-proof and drainage system Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 57
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-layer decompression waterproof and drainage system for a karst water-rich tunnel and a construction method thereof. The outer side drainage layer comprises an outer side longitudinal drainage blind pipe, an outer side circumferential drainage blind pipe and permeable geotextile; the pressure reduction layer comprises a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell, injection type porous lightweight aggregate permeable concrete and a vertical connecting pipe of an internal and external drainage blind pipe; the inner side drainage layer comprises an inner side longitudinal drainage blind pipe, an inner side circumferential drainage blind pipe, a construction joint water stop strip and a permeable geotextile; the drain adopts distributed cluster drain pipe to enlarge the channel of the traditional drain. The invention aims to solve the high-water-pressure and large-flow waterproof and drainage requirements of the karst water-rich tunnel in rainy seasons by enlarging the water storage capacity, reducing the water head pressure and improving the drainage efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel water-proof and drainage structure for a karst water-rich stratum and a construction method thereof. Belongs to the field of tunnel design and construction.
Background
The leakage water is the most common defect of the operation tunnel, and the tunnel leakage water not only accelerates the aging of the tunnel structure and shortens the service life of the tunnel structure, but also increases the operation and maintenance cost of the tunnel and threatens the driving safety of the tunnel. The regulations in the highway tunnel design Specification are as follows: when the tunnel is lined by a composite lining, a waterproof plate and non-woven fabrics are arranged between a primary support and a secondary lining, the waterproof plate is made of waterproof coiled materials which are easy to weld, and the thickness of the waterproof coiled materials is not less than 1.0 mm; and water guide blind pipes are arranged along the back ring of the lining, and the longitudinal distance of the blind pipes is not more than 20 m'. The traditional tunnel drainage system controls the drainage quantity through a blind pipe and a drainage pipe, and the construction mode of the traditional tunnel drainage system only can ensure the drainage flow of a conventional underground water level occurrence area.
The area of a karst development area of China is close to 1/3 of the area of the national soil, and the problem of the diseases of karst tunnels is particularly serious. The main source of karst tunnel diseases is karst underground water, on one hand, the damage of the erosiveness of the karst underground water to a tunnel lining structure and a waterproof and drainage system is avoided, on the other hand, the karst underground water is closely related to surface hydrology, the karst underground water level swells in rainy seasons, and the underground water gushes suddenly, so that the traditional waterproof and drainage structure design cannot meet the drainage requirement of instantaneous large water amount in rainy seasons, even the lining structure bears high external water pressure, the safety of the tunnel structure is endangered, the tunnel structure is cracked to generate water leakage diseases, and the safe operation of the tunnel is seriously influenced. Therefore, aiming at seasonal waterproof and drainage demand differences of karst water-rich tunnels, research and development of novel waterproof and drainage system structures capable of meeting drainage demands in different seasons become urgent scientific and engineering problems to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to provide a double-layer pressure-reducing waterproof and drainage system for a karst water-rich tunnel and a construction method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: the double-layer pressure-reducing waterproof and drainage system for the karst water-rich tunnel comprises an outer side drainage layer, a pressure-reducing layer, an inner side drainage layer and a drainage channel, wherein the outer side drainage layer is arranged between a tunnel primary support and a secondary lining and comprises an outer side longitudinal drainage blind pipe, an outer side circumferential drainage blind pipe and permeable geotextile; the pressure reduction layer comprises a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell, injection type porous lightweight aggregate permeable concrete and a vertical connecting pipe of an internal and external drainage blind pipe; the inner drainage layer comprises an inner longitudinal drainage blind pipe, an inner circumferential drainage blind pipe and a water-permeable geotextile; the drainage channel is formed by locally adopting distributed cluster drainage pipes at the joint of the secondary lining side wall and the bottom plate to enlarge the channel of the traditional drainage pipe.
Wherein:
the outer side drainage layer is characterized in that outer side circumferential drainage blind pipes are arranged on the surface of a tunnel primary support at equal intervals along the axis direction of the tunnel around the section of the tunnel, outer side longitudinal drainage blind pipes are arranged along the axis direction of the tunnel, the outer side longitudinal drainage blind pipes are respectively arranged at the arch part, the side wall and the arch springing part of the tunnel, and finally a layer of permeable geotextile is laid on the wall surface of the tunnel.
And finally, porous lightweight aggregate permeable concrete is sprayed in the three-dimensional bidirectional geocell, and the thickness of the permeable concrete just reaches the height of the three-dimensional bidirectional geocell.
The inner side drainage layer is characterized in that a layer of permeable geotextile is laid on the surface of permeable concrete, then inner side annular drainage blind pipes and construction water stop bars are arranged at equal intervals along the axis direction of the tunnel according to the positions of the communicating pipes, the arrangement positions of the construction water stop bars are aligned with the construction joints of the secondary lining, and the inner side annular drainage blind pipes are arranged in the middle of the adjacent construction water stop bars; the annular drainage blind pipes are connected with the water stop strips through longitudinal drainage blind pipes, the longitudinal drainage blind pipes are arranged at the arch parts, side walls and arch feet of the tunnels, and the junction of the inner annular drainage blind pipe and the inner longitudinal drainage blind pipe is connected with a connecting pipe of the inner drainage blind pipe and the outer drainage blind pipe.
After the reinforcing steel bars of the secondary lining structure are arranged and before concrete is poured, distributed cluster drain pipes are arranged in a concrete pouring local area where the traditional drain pipes are originally arranged at the joint of the secondary lining side wall and the bottom plate of the tunnel, and the inner side drain layer is connected with the drain side ditch of the tunnel, so that the drain channel of the traditional drain pipe is enlarged;
the construction method of the double-layer pressure-reducing water-proof and drainage system of the karst water-rich tunnel comprises the following steps:
step 1, closely attaching to a tunnel primary support structure, arranging outer circumferential drainage blind pipes upwards along the circumferential direction of a tunnel, and arranging outer longitudinal drainage blind pipes on the axis of the tunnel;
step 4, arranging a connecting pipe of the inner and outer drainage blind pipes at the intersection point of the outer annular drainage blind pipe and the outer longitudinal drainage blind pipe, and fixing by using a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell, and performing protection work which can cause the blockage of the connecting pipe in the subsequent step 5;
and 11, pouring secondary lining concrete outside the waterproof layer.
Has the advantages that: the double-layer decompression water-proof and drainage system structure of the karst water-rich tunnel mainly comprises an outer side drainage layer, a decompression layer, an inner side drainage layer and a drainage channel which are arranged between a tunnel primary support and a secondary lining. The tunnel preliminary bracing setting is hugged closely to the outside drainage blanket, and the outside drainage blanket is linked together through the connecting pipe with inboard drainage blanket, sets up the decompression layer between outside drainage blanket and the inboard drainage blanket, sets up the waterproof layer between inboard drainage blanket and the secondary lining. The outer drainage layer mainly has the main function of collecting surrounding rock fracture water and has the conventional drainage efficiency of the dry karst tunnel; the main function of the pressure reducing layer is to enlarge the water storage capacity and reduce the pressure of a water head, and the main function of the inner side drainage layer is to collect the drainage quantity of the pressure reducing layer; the main function of the drainage channel is to increase the water collection amount of the drainage side ditch; the communicating pipe of the inner and outer drainage layers improves the drainage efficiency. The construction method is simple, convenient and effective, each drainage layer has a definite function, and the requirement of large-flow drainage in rainy season of the karst water-rich tunnel can be effectively met.
Drawings
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dual-layer pressure-reducing waterproof and drainage system;
the above figures have: the system comprises distributed cluster drainage pipes 1, inner side longitudinal drainage blind pipes 2, outer side longitudinal drainage blind pipes 3, outer side circumferential drainage blind pipes 4, inner side circumferential drainage blind pipes 5, connecting pipes 6 of outer side drainage layers and inner side drainage layers, three-dimensional bidirectional geocell 7, porous pervious concrete 8, primary supports 9, outer side drainage layers 10, pressure reduction layers 11, inner side drainage layers 12, waterproof layers 13 and secondary lining 14.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below by way of example:
the double-layer pressure-reducing waterproof and drainage system for the karst water-rich tunnel comprises an outer side drainage layer, a pressure-reducing layer, an inner side drainage layer and drainage channels, wherein the outer side drainage layer is arranged between a tunnel primary support and a secondary lining, and comprises outer side longitudinal drainage blind pipes (5 single-wall perforated corrugated pipes of 80mm and hole top side walls), outer side circumferential drainage blind pipes (single-wall perforated corrugated pipes of 50mm and arranged at circumferential intervals of 12 m) and permeable geotextiles; the pressure reduction layer comprises a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell (the height of the geocell is 50-100 mm), jet porous lightweight aggregate pervious concrete (the thickness of the jet porous lightweight aggregate pervious concrete is 50-100 mm, vertical connecting pipes of inner and outer drainage blind pipes (80mm single-wall corrugated pipes and the length of the jet porous lightweight aggregate pervious concrete is 50-100 mm), the inner side drainage layer comprises 5 inner side longitudinal drainage blind pipes (the thickness of the inner side longitudinal drainage blind pipes is 50-100 mm), inner side circumferential drainage blind pipes (the thickness of the 50mm single-wall drainage blind pipes is 50mm, the circumferential intervals of the inner side longitudinal drainage blind pipes are 12 m) and pervious geotextiles, and the drainage channels are formed by locally adopting distributed clustered drainage pipes (10 in a group and the diameter of a single drainage pipe is 30 mm.
The outer side drainage layer is characterized in that outer side circumferential drainage blind pipes are arranged on the surface of primary tunnel support at equal intervals along the direction of the axis of the tunnel around the section of the tunnel, outer side longitudinal drainage blind pipes are arranged along the direction of the axis of the tunnel, and are respectively arranged at the arch part, the side wall and the arch foot of the tunnel, longitudinal drainage pipes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the circumferential drainage pipes and are arranged in a V shape, the gradient of each longitudinal drainage pipe is not lower than 2%, and finally a layer of permeable geotextile is laid on the wall surface of the tunnel.
The method is characterized in that a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell is laid on the permeable geotextile, a connecting pipe (80mm single-wall corrugated pipe and 50-100 mm long) of an inner drainage blind pipe and an outer drainage blind pipe is arranged at the intersection of the circumferential drainage blind pipe at the outer side and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe at the outer side and is perpendicular to the wall surface of the primary support of the tunnel, porous lightweight aggregate permeable concrete (50-100 mm in thickness) is sprayed in the three-dimensional bidirectional geocell, and the thickness of the permeable concrete just reaches the height of the three-dimensional bidirectional geocell.
The inner side drainage layer is characterized in that a layer of permeable geotextile is laid on the surface of permeable concrete, then inner side annular drainage blind pipes and construction water stop bars are arranged at equal intervals along the axis direction of the tunnel according to the positions of the communicating pipes, the arrangement positions of the construction water stop bars are aligned with the construction joints of the secondary lining, and the inner side annular drainage blind pipes are arranged in the middle of the adjacent construction water stop bars; the annular drainage blind pipes are connected with the water stop strips through longitudinal drainage blind pipes, the longitudinal drainage blind pipes are arranged at the arch parts, side walls and arch feet of the tunnels, and the junction of the inner annular drainage blind pipe and the inner longitudinal drainage blind pipe is connected with a connecting pipe of the inner drainage blind pipe and the outer drainage blind pipe.
After the reinforcing steel bars of the secondary lining structure are arranged and before concrete is poured, distributed cluster drain pipes (10 in a group and the diameter of a single drain pipe is 30mm) are arranged in a concrete pouring local area where the traditional drain pipe is originally arranged at the joint of the secondary lining side wall and the bottom plate of the tunnel, and the inner side drain layer is connected with the drain side ditch of the tunnel, so that the drain channel of the traditional drain pipe is enlarged;
the double-layer decompression water-proof and drainage system structure of the karst water-rich tunnel and the construction method thereof comprise the following steps:
step 1, clinging to a tunnel primary support structure, arranging outer annular drainage blind pipes upwards along the annular direction of a tunnel, arranging outer longitudinal drainage blind pipes on the axis of the tunnel, and arranging longitudinal drainage pipes symmetrically on two sides of the annular drainage pipes in a V shape, wherein the gradient of the longitudinal drainage pipes is not lower than 2%;
step 4, arranging a connecting pipe (80mm single-wall corrugated pipe with the length of 50-100 mm) of the inner and outer drainage blind pipes perpendicular to the wall surface of the tunnel at the intersection of the outer annular drainage blind pipe and the outer longitudinal drainage blind pipe, fixing by using a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell, and performing protection work which can cause the connection pipe to be blocked in the implementation of the following step 5;
and 11, pouring secondary lining concrete outside the waterproof layer.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a drainage system is prevented in double-deck decompression of rich water tunnel of karst which characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of arranging an outer side drainage layer, a decompression layer, an inner side drainage layer and a drainage channel between a tunnel primary support and a secondary lining, wherein the outer side drainage layer comprises an outer side longitudinal drainage blind pipe, an outer side circumferential drainage blind pipe and permeable geotextile; the pressure reduction layer comprises a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell, injection type porous lightweight aggregate permeable concrete and a vertical connecting pipe of an internal and external drainage blind pipe; the inner drainage layer comprises an inner longitudinal drainage blind pipe, an inner circumferential drainage blind pipe and a water-permeable geotextile; the drainage channel is formed by locally adopting distributed cluster drainage pipes at the joint of the secondary lining side wall and the bottom plate to enlarge the channel of the traditional drainage pipe.
2. The double-layer pressure-reducing water-proof and drainage system for the karst water-rich tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the outer drainage layers are characterized in that outer circumferential drainage blind pipes are arranged on the primary support surface of the tunnel at equal intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel around the section of the tunnel, outer longitudinal drainage blind pipes are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel, and are respectively arranged at the arch part, the side wall and the arch foot of the tunnel, and finally a layer of permeable geotextile is laid on the wall surface of the tunnel.
3. The double-layer pressure-reducing, water-proof and drainage system for the karst water-rich tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-reducing layer is formed by laying three-dimensional bidirectional geocells on a permeable geotextile, connecting pipes of inner and outer drainage blind pipes are arranged at the intersection of an outer circumferential drainage blind pipe and an outer longitudinal drainage blind pipe and are perpendicular to the primary supporting wall surface of the tunnel, and finally porous light aggregate permeable concrete is sprayed in the three-dimensional bidirectional geocells, so that the thickness of the permeable concrete just reaches the height of the three-dimensional bidirectional geocells.
4. The double-layer pressure-reducing and water-preventing and draining system for the karst water-rich tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a layer of permeable geotextile is laid on the surface of the permeable concrete, inner annular drainage blind pipes and construction water stop bars are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel according to the positions of the communicating pipes, the arrangement positions of the construction water stop bars are aligned with the construction joints of the secondary lining, and the inner annular drainage blind pipes are arranged in the middle of the adjacent construction water stop bars; the annular drainage blind pipes are connected with the water stop strips through longitudinal drainage blind pipes, the longitudinal drainage blind pipes are arranged at the arch parts, side walls and arch feet of the tunnels, and the junction of the inner annular drainage blind pipe and the inner longitudinal drainage blind pipe is connected with a connecting pipe of the inner drainage blind pipe and the outer drainage blind pipe.
5. The double-layer pressure-reducing and water-proof system for the karst water-rich tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the drainage channel is formed by arranging distributed bundled drainage pipes in a concrete pouring local area where conventional drainage pipes are originally arranged at the joint of the secondary lining side wall and the bottom plate of the tunnel after arranging reinforcing steel bars of the secondary lining structure and before pouring concrete, and connecting an inner drainage layer with a drainage side ditch of the tunnel to enlarge a drainage channel of the conventional drainage pipes.
6. The method for constructing the double-layer decompression waterproof and drainage system of the karst water-rich tunnel according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, closely attaching to a tunnel primary support structure, arranging outer circumferential drainage blind pipes upwards along the circumferential direction of a tunnel, and arranging outer longitudinal drainage blind pipes on the axis of the tunnel;
step 2, paving permeable geotextile on the primary support structure, the outer circumferential drainage blind pipe and the outer longitudinal drainage blind pipe around the circumferential direction of the tunnel to cover the circumferential wall surface of the tunnel;
step 3, installing and fixing a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell on the permeable geotextile to cover the permeable geotextile;
step 4, arranging a connecting pipe of the inner and outer drainage blind pipes at the intersection point of the outer annular drainage blind pipe and the outer longitudinal drainage blind pipe, and fixing by using a three-dimensional bidirectional geocell, and performing protection work which can cause the blockage of the connecting pipe in the subsequent step 5;
step 5, filling porous pervious concrete in the three-dimensional bidirectional geocell by adopting a jet pouring mode to fill the whole geocell;
step 6, paving permeable geotextile on the surface of the three-dimensional bidirectional geocell filled with the porous permeable concrete;
step 7, laying an inner side circumferential drainage blind pipe and an inner side longitudinal drainage blind pipe on the surface of the permeable geotextile in the step 6, wherein the position of the inner side drainage layer blind pipe is parallel to that of the outer side drainage layer blind pipe, and connecting the intersection point of the inner side circumferential drainage blind pipe and the inner side longitudinal drainage blind pipe with a connecting pipe of the inner and outer drainage blind pipes;
step 8, constructing a tunnel waterproof layer according to a conventional process;
step 9, arranging reinforcing steel bars of a secondary lining structure on the outer side of the waterproof layer;
step 10, distributing distributed type cluster drainage pipes in a local area where traditional drainage pipes are originally distributed at the joint of the tunnel secondary lining side wall and the bottom plate by using reinforcing mesh arrangement gaps, and fixing the distributed type cluster drainage pipes by using the reinforcing mesh;
and 11, pouring secondary lining concrete outside the waterproof layer.
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| CN202010326020.3A CN111425250B (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Double-layer pressure-reducing water-proof and drainage system for karst water-rich tunnel and construction method of double-layer pressure-reducing water-proof and drainage system |
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| CN113153379A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-23 | 重庆永昂实业有限公司 | Tunnel water-proof and drainage system and construction process |
| CN114483082A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 华设设计集团股份有限公司 | Tunnel sewage interception and drainage prevention structure for downward-penetrating refuse landfill and construction method thereof |
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