CN106194255B - Tunnel waterproof and water drainage system and its method of construction - Google Patents
Tunnel waterproof and water drainage system and its method of construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106194255B CN106194255B CN201610821516.1A CN201610821516A CN106194255B CN 106194255 B CN106194255 B CN 106194255B CN 201610821516 A CN201610821516 A CN 201610821516A CN 106194255 B CN106194255 B CN 106194255B
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- Prior art keywords
- tunnel
- drainage
- ring direction
- sealing rod
- water
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tunnel waterproof and water drainage system and its method of construction, including drainage blanket, transition zone and waterproof layer between Tunnel and secondary lining, transverse drain and central drain etc..Wherein, drainage blanket includes permeable gunite concrete, longitudinal drainage pipe, ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod, longitudinal drainage pipe, ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod are fixed on preliminary bracing outer surface, and carry out disposal precinct to preliminary bracing, and pervious concrete is injected in each drainage.Connected between ring direction drainpipe and central drainage pipe by transverse drain, ultimately form tunnel drainage system.Transition zone and waterproof layer are made up of the gunite concrete of different gradation, for tunnel water proofing.The present invention is using the three-dimensional drainage channel of drainpipe and permeable gunite concrete formation tunnel, and tunnel drainage effect is good；Tunnel waterproof and water drainage system is integrated with tunnel structure, and long service performance is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnel structure, and in particular to a kind of tunnel waterproof and water drainage system and its method of construction.
Background technology
Percolating water is the most common disease of operation tunnel, and Tunnel Infiltration water not only speeds up tunnel structure aging, shortens tunnel
The service life of structure, also add tunnel operation maintenance cost, and threaten the traffic safety in tunnel.Especially in cold district,
Tunnel Water Leakage can also trigger freezing damage in tunnel, aggravation tunnel structure destruction；And cause Tunnel wall hanging ice, it is icy on road, seriously
Threaten tunnel traffic safety.Treatment technology for tunnel seepage water problems must fundamentally be solved.
《Vcehicular tunnel design specification》Middle regulation：" when tunnel uses composite lining, supporting in the early stage and secondary lining it
Between splash guard and non-woven fabrics should be set, splash guard should be not less than 1.0mm using the waterproof roll for being easy to welding, thickness；Along lining cutting
Behind ring should set water guide blind pipe, and its longitudinal pitch is not more than 20m ".Splash guard is the important defence line of tunnel water proofing, once it is anti-
Water plate is destroyed, and underground water will transmit through splash guard, is flowed out along construction joint of tunnel, movement joint and structural cracks, forms tunnel
Percolating water.Existing anchor bar of waterproof plate in tunnels is easily destroyed in construction and operation, causes the reason for splash guard is destroyed as follows：1. tunnel
Road preliminary bracing is gunite concrete, and gunite concrete surface ridge often occurs or has termination point of anchor rod exposure, can puncture anti-
Water plate；2. the changing of the relative positions often occurs for Tunnel and secondary lining, often results between preliminary bracing and two lining lining cutting
Splash guard tear.3. adjacent splash guard uses hot-melt adhesive paste, and connection effect is by construction environment, construction level and managerial skills
Deng multifactor impact, often there is not prison welding and leaned in welding position, under arms the middle generation changing of the relative positions, forms drainage channel.4. tunnel is worked as
When fire occurs for road, water-proof sheet material easily softens failure.5. water-proof sheet material service life is about 60 years, and tunnel operation is limited to 100 in year
Year, splash guard can not meet tunnel long service requirement.Based on above-mentioned background, research and development novel tunnel guarded drainage technology just turns into urgently
Technical problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provide a kind of tunnel waterproof and water drainage system and
Its method of construction.
Technical scheme：In order to solve the above technical problems, tunnel waterproof and water drainage system and its method of construction that the present invention is provided, bag
Include positioned at drainage blanket, transition zone and the waterproof layer between Tunnel and secondary lining, transverse drain and Central Drainage
Manage (or gutter) etc..The drainage blanket includes permeable gunite concrete, longitudinal drainage pipe, ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod,
The longitudinal drainage pipe, ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod are fixed on preliminary bracing outer surface, and carry out draining to preliminary bracing
Subregion, the pervious concrete is injected in each drainage, and the coarse aggregate of pervious concrete is porous lightweight aggregate.
Specifically, the ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod in the drainage blanket are laid at equal intervals in tunnel axis direction, sealing
The installation position of bar aligns with Second Lining Construction seam, and ring direction drainpipe is laid in the centre of adjacent sealing rod；Ring direction drainpipe
It is connected between sealing rod by longitudinal drainage pipe, longitudinal drainage pipe is arranged in ring direction drainpipe both sides in " V " shape, is laid in respectively
At tunnel arch, abutment wall and arch springing；Ring direction drainpipe is directly connected with Central Drainage (or gutter) pipe by transverse drain
Connect；Longitudinal drainage pipe and ring direction drainpipe are draining semicanal.
Specifically, heating plant is installed in described ring direction drainpipe or both sides, and the heating plant can be according to antifreeze need
Changed when realistic.
Specifically, the transition zone is the thickness specified density concrete being injected on drainage blanket.
Specifically, the waterproof layer is the impervious concrete being injected on transition zone.
The present invention proposes the method for construction of above-mentioned tunnel waterproof and water drainage system simultaneously, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, in Tunnel surface or country rock surface laying ring direction drainpipe, longitudinal drainage pipe and sealing rod,
Sealing rod is corresponding with the construction joint of secondary lining, and ring direction drainpipe is then located at the centre of adjacent sealing rod.Sealing rod is arranged with ring
Water pipe is connected by longitudinal drainage pipe, and longitudinal drainage pipe is arranged symmetrically in ring direction drainpipe both sides, is arranged in V-shape, and longitudinal direction row
The gradient of water pipe is not less than 2%.Longitudinal drainage pipe is laid at tunnel arch, abutment wall and arch springing respectively, with sealing rod and ring
Drainpipe carries out disposal precinct to Tunnel outer surface；
Step 2, connection ring direction drainpipe, transverse drain and central drain (or gutter)；
Step 3, pervious concrete is sprayed in each disposal precinct, the thickness of pervious concrete is less than longitudinal drainage semicanal
Radius；
Step 4, thickness specified density concrete is sprayed in drainage blanket outer surface, is used as transition zone；
Step 5, certain thickness impervious concrete is sprayed in transition zone outer surface, is used as waterproof layer；
Step 6, the waterstop at sealing rod and Second Lining Construction seam is sealed and pasted, carry out water-proofing treatment；
Step 7, cast two serves as a contrast concrete outside waterproof layer.The technical essential of said structure and method of construction is as follows：
1. in Tunnel surface or country rock surface laying sealing rod, ring direction drainpipe and longitudinal drainage pipe, longitudinal direction
Drainpipe should be tightly connected with sealing rod, and longitudinal drainage pipe top half has osculum, and the latter half is then without osculum；Longitudinal direction row
Water pipe is arranged symmetrically in ring direction drainpipe both sides, is arranged in V-shape, and the gradient of longitudinal drainage pipe is not less than 2%.Sealing rod and
Longitudinal drainage pipe carries out disposal precinct to preliminary bracing surface, and each disposal precinct answers individual drainage.
2. ring direction drainpipe, transverse drain and central drain (or gutter) are connected, in order to ensure waterproof effect,
Per plate secondary lining individual drainage, underground water in ring direction drainpipe is in line to central drain (or row by transverse drain
Waterside ditch)；
3. pervious concrete is sprayed in each disposal precinct, the thickness of pervious concrete is less than the half of longitudinal drainage semicanal
Footpath；
4. thickness specified density concrete is sprayed above pervious concrete, as transition zone, should be controlled in work progress
Spray draining concrete permeable hole plug in pressure and aggregate size, prevention drainage blanket；
5. certain thickness impervious concrete is sprayed above transition zone, as waterproof layer, waterproof layer should cover bag comprehensively
Wrap up in longitudinal drainage pipe；
6. the waterstop at sealing rod and Second Lining Construction seam is sealed and pasted, it is necessary to carry out water-proofing treatment；
7. construct secondary lining concrete.
Inventive principle：In Tunnel or country rock surface laying ring direction drainpipe, longitudinal drainage pipe and sealing rod, shape
Into unobstructed drainage network, disposal precinct, each draining are carried out to Tunnel surface using longitudinal drainage pipe and sealing rod
Underground anhydrous water power contact in subregion.Pervious concrete is sprayed in disposal precinct, for collecting enclosing in each drainage
Rock crevice water, and be emitted into circle draining pipeline.Drainage network forms the drainage channel of solid, ring with permeable gunite concrete
Underground water into drainage pipeline is immediately discharged in central drain (or gutter) by transverse drain.In order to prevent
Water gunite concrete is blocked, and thickness specified density concrete is sprayed above pervious concrete, transition zone is used as；In transition zone
Impervious concrete is sprayed in top, is used as waterproof layer；Tunnel water handling system is formd using drainage channel, transition zone and waterproof layer
System, the system utilizes the infiltration otherness of different compound gunite concretes, and is fixed a drainpipe in gunite concrete structure,
Concrete structure is sprayed from waterproof and water drainage system so as to form tunnel, and tunnel shotcrete layer is supporting member, is anti-row again
Water-bound.In cold district, ring direction drainpipe planted agent installs heater, and the coarse aggregate of pervious concrete selects porous light bone
Material, pre- waterproof and water drainage system freezes.
Beneficial effect：The present invention realizes the draining of tunnel subregion using drainage pipeline, sealing rod and permeable gunite concrete,
Drainage effect is good, is easy to operation maintenance；Ring direction drainpipe directly connects central drain by transverse drain, it is ensured that per plate two
Underground water in lining is directly discharged in central drain (or gutter), and per plate two, lining is independent drainage cell, row
Water effect is good, facilitates seepage water source to search, facilitates operation maintenance；The system is poor using the infiltration of different compound gunite concretes
The opposite sex, forms permeable shotcrete layer and antiseepage shotcrete layer, realizes drainage system and tunnel structure integration, for a long time
Military service performance is good, and service life is identical with tunnel lining structure；The drainage system is concrete material, and tunnel fire hazard is not interfered with
Its military service performance.Heater is installed in ring direction drainpipe, it is ensured that drainage system is unobstructed under cold climate conditions does not freeze；
By the use of porous lightweight aggregate as coarse aggregate, the frost-heave force that the underground water in pervious concrete freezes to produce can be eliminated.
Except the technical problem of invention described above solution, the technical characteristic of composition technical scheme and by these skills
Outside the advantage that the technical characteristic of art scheme is brought, tunnel waterproof and water drainage system of the invention and its method of construction can solve its
The advantage that the other technical characteristics and these technical characteristics included in his technical problem, technical scheme are brought, will be with reference to accompanying drawing
It is described in more detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Fig. 1 tunnel cross section figures of the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the drainage blanket plane outspread drawing in Fig. 1
In figure：1. preliminary bracing；2. drainage blanket；3. transition zone；4. waterproof layer；5. secondary lining；6. longitudinal drainage pipe；7.
Transverse drain；8. central drain；9. ring direction drainpipe；10. sealing rod；11. permeable gunite concrete.
Embodiment
Embodiment：
The tunnel waterproof and water drainage system of the present embodiment is as shown in figure 1, preliminary bracing 1, draining including being set gradually in tunnel
The transverse drain 7 and central drain 8 of layer 2, transition zone 3, waterproof layer 4 and secondary lining 5, and tunnel bottom.
As shown in Fig. 2 the inside of drainage blanket 2 is mixed containing longitudinal drainage pipe 6, ring direction drainpipe 9, sealing rod 10 and permeable injection
Solidifying soil 11.Longitudinal drainage pipe 6 is connected with ring direction drainpipe 9 and sealing rod 10, and the connection ring direction drainpipe 9 of transverse drain 7 is with
Entreat drainpipe 8.
The construction implementation steps of said structure are as follows：
1. cleaning Tunnel surface or country rock surface, lay sealing rod 10, ring direction drainpipe 9 and longitudinal drainage pipe
6.Connect longitudinal drainage pipe 6, ring direction drainpipe 9 and sealing rod 10；
2. ring direction drainpipe 9, transverse drain 7 and central drain 8 are connected；
3. pervious concrete 11 is sprayed in the drainage that longitudinal drainage pipe 6 and sealing rod 10 are surrounded；
4. thickness specified density concrete is sprayed in the outer surface of drainage blanket 2, is used as transition zone 3；
5. certain thickness impervious concrete is sprayed in the outer surface of transition zone 3, is used as waterproof layer 4；
6. the concrete of secondary lining 5 is poured into a mould outside waterproof layer.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in association with accompanying drawing, but the present invention is not limited to described reality
Apply mode.For one of ordinary skill in the art, in the range of the principle and technological thought of the present invention, to these implementations
Mode carries out a variety of changes, modification, replacement and deformation and still fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tunnel waterproof and water drainage system, including drainage blanket between Tunnel and secondary lining, transition zone and
Waterproof layer, it is characterised in that：The drainage blanket includes permeable gunite concrete, longitudinal drainage pipe, ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod,
The longitudinal drainage pipe, ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod are fixed on preliminary bracing outer surface, and carry out draining to preliminary bracing
Subregion, each disposal precinct individual drainage, per plate secondary lining individual drainage；
The pervious concrete is injected in each drainage, and the coarse aggregate of pervious concrete is porous lightweight aggregate；The row
Ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod in water layer are laid at equal intervals in tunnel axis direction, the installation position and secondary lining of sealing rod
Construction joint aligns, and ring direction drainpipe is laid in the centre of adjacent sealing rod；By longitudinal drainage between ring direction drainpipe and sealing rod
Pipe is connected, and longitudinal drainage pipe is laid in tunnel arch, abutment wall and arch in the V-shaped arrangement in ring direction drainpipe both sides, longitudinal drainage pipe
At pin；Ring direction drainpipe is directly connected to central drain or gutter by transverse drain；Longitudinal drainage pipe and ring
Drainpipe is draining semicanal.
2. tunnel waterproof and water drainage system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In described ring direction drainpipe or both sides peace
Equipped with heating plant.
3. tunnel waterproof and water drainage system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The transition zone is injected on drainage blanket
Thickness specified density concrete.
4. tunnel waterproof and water drainage system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The waterproof layer is injected on transition zone
Impervious concrete.
5. the method for construction of tunnel waterproof and water drainage system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, in Tunnel surface or country rock surface laying ring direction drainpipe, longitudinal drainage pipe and sealing rod, sealing
Bar aligns with the construction joint of secondary lining, and ring direction drainpipe is then located at the centre of adjacent sealing rod；Sealing rod and ring direction drainpipe
Connected by longitudinal drainage pipe, longitudinal drainage pipe is arranged symmetrically in ring direction drainpipe both sides, is arranged in V-shape, and longitudinal drainage pipe
The gradient be not less than 2%, longitudinal drainage pipe is laid at tunnel arch, abutment wall and arch springing respectively, with sealing rod and ring direction drainpipe
The underground anhydrous water power contact in disposal precinct, each disposal precinct is carried out to Tunnel outer surface；
Step 2, connection ring direction drainpipe, transverse drain and central drain or gutter；
Step 3, pervious concrete is sprayed in each disposal precinct, it is permeable for collecting the wall-rock crack water in each drainage
The thickness of concrete is less than the radius of longitudinal drainage semicanal；
Step 4, thickness specified density concrete is sprayed in drainage blanket outer surface, is used as transition zone；
Step 5, certain thickness impervious concrete is sprayed in transition zone outer surface, is used as waterproof layer；
Step 6, the waterstop at sealing rod and Second Lining Construction seam is sealed and pasted, carry out water-proofing treatment；
Step 7, cast two serves as a contrast concrete outside waterproof layer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610785329 | 2016-08-31 | ||
| CN2016107853292 | 2016-08-31 |
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| CN106194255A CN106194255A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| CN106194255B true CN106194255B (en) | 2017-11-03 |
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