CN110130981B - Tunnel building safety construction method - Google Patents
Tunnel building safety construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110130981B CN110130981B CN201910588185.5A CN201910588185A CN110130981B CN 110130981 B CN110130981 B CN 110130981B CN 201910588185 A CN201910588185 A CN 201910588185A CN 110130981 B CN110130981 B CN 110130981B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a tunnel building safety construction method, tunnel safety drainage structures include the inverted arch structure of domes and bottom, domes include initial stage lining layer, drainage blanket, waterproof layer and secondary lining structure from inside to outside, the drainage blanket includes roof, pillar and bottom plate, the sieve of roof for being provided with the through-hole, inverted arch structure includes the passageway that catchments, the drainage blanket pass through communicating pipe with the passageway that catchments communicates. The number of the top plate through holes can be reasonably set through accurate calculation of a water permeability calculation formula, so that smooth discharge of water flow is ensured; on the other hand, this application is the drainage blanket through setting up whole aspect, and fundamentally has solved the problem of pipeline jam among the prior art, has ensured drainage channel's smooth and easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traffic tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a construction method of a tunnel safety drainage structure.
Background
Along with the rapid development of traffic tunnel engineering, the tunnel brings convenience to human traffic, but the geographical environment of the tunnel brings the problem that the tunnel has to be subjected to water prevention and drainage, at present, a support layer at the initial stage of the tunnel is provided with an annular drainage pipe, the drainage pipe is provided with pores, and water enters the drainage pipe through the pores.
Because the embedded pipeline is generally adopted for drainage in the prior art, namely primary support is a support form immediately after excavation, the extrusion deformation of the drainage pipe can be caused due to factors such as tunnel support structure construction, the circular drainage of the tunnel is not smooth, and the problem becomes the difficult point of tunnel drainage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a construction method of a tunnel safe drainage structure, wherein a whole layer is arranged as a drainage layer, the arrangement of pipelines is abandoned, and the optimal drainage effect is realized by reasonably measuring and calculating the water permeability of the inner wall of a tunnel and setting the mesh number of a screen mesh; on the other hand, the problem of blockage is thoroughly avoided through the support of the support.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is a construction method of a tunnel safe drainage structure, the tunnel safe drainage structure includes an arch structure and an inverted arch structure of a bottom layer, the arch structure includes an initial lining layer, a drainage layer, a waterproof layer and a secondary lining structure from inside to outside, the drainage layer includes a top plate, a pillar and a bottom plate, the top plate is a sieve plate provided with a through hole, the inverted arch structure includes a water collection channel, the drainage layer is communicated with the water collection channel through a communication pipe, and the construction method includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: drilling a press-in water hole and a monitoring seepage water hole on the inner wall of the excavated tunnel through a drilling machine;
the second step is that: pressing water into the press-in water holes, monitoring water seepage through adjacent monitoring seepage holes, and recording corresponding numerical values;
the third step: through the rate computational formula of permeating water of tunnel inner wall, calculate the rate of permeating water of tunnel inner wall, the formula is as follows:
t is the water permeability of the inner wall of the tunnel, m/s; q is water flow of tunnel inner wall pressed in, m3S; a is the distance between the press-in water hole and the monitoring seepage water hole, m; b is the radius of a water hole pressed into the inner wall of the tunnel, m; c is the height of the lift of the injected water, m; d is the height of the liquid level of the monitoring seepage hole, m; l is the hole depth of the pressed water hole;
the fourth step: calculating the mesh number of the top plate to be arranged according to the water permeability calculated in the third step, and specifically as follows:
mesh number is 30 when 0< T <0.5, mesh number is 40 when 0.5< T <1, mesh number is 50 when 1< T <2, mesh number is 60 when 2< T;
the fifth step: laying lining layer at inner wall of tunnel
And a sixth step: after the initial lining layer is initially solidified, erecting a drainage layer consisting of a top plate, a support column and a bottom plate in advance at a corresponding position according to the top plate mesh number calculated in the fourth step;
the seventh step: fixing the drainage layer on the initial lining layer through an anchor rod;
the ninth step: paving a waterproof layer on the outer surface of the bottom plate;
the tenth step: paving a secondary lining structure on the outer surface of the waterproof layer;
and repeating the steps until the whole tunnel drainage layer is laid. Through such setting, realized that whole aspect is the drainage blanket, abandoned the setting of only carrying out the drainage through the pipeline among the prior art, fundamentally has stopped the problem of pipeline jam. And the support of the high-strength support column ensures the stability of the drainage layer.
Preferably, the height of the lift and the height of the liquid level of the monitoring seepage hole are measured by a monitoring device arranged at the water pressing hole opening and the monitoring seepage hole opening.
Preferably, the drainage layer formed by the top plate, the pillars and the bottom plate is directly installed after being integrally processed in a factory and transported to a tunnel in an integral structure. Furthermore, in order to prevent the particles of the surrounding rocks from blocking the holes of the top plate, a layer of non-woven fabric can be laid on the surface of the top plate, so that the water absorption effect is achieved on the one hand, and the particles of the surrounding rocks can be prevented from blocking the top plate on the other hand.
Preferably, the bottom plate and the top plate are provided with holes for the anchor rods to pass through.
Preferably, the pillars are formed in a cylindrical shape using high strength steel, and are arranged in a staggered manner in a space defined by the top plate and the bottom plate. The staggered arrangement mode can enable water flow to flow out smoothly on one hand, and can better support surrounding rocks on the other hand, so that the problem that the surrounding rocks in a certain position are stressed unevenly to cause collapse is solved. In addition, the top plate and the bottom plate are also made of rigid steel, so that sufficient supporting force is ensured.
Preferably, the number of the pillars is set according to the condition of formation stress, and preferably, at least 10 pillars are set in each square meter, so that the pillars can support the top plate.
Borrow by above technical scheme, the beneficial effect of this application lies in:
(1) in the prior art, drainage is performed by arranging a drainage pipe, so that blockage is easy to occur, in order to solve the technical problems, the whole layer is creatively arranged into a drainage structure, so that the blockage problem is thoroughly solved, further, due to the support of a high-strength support, the collapse of a tunnel is avoided, and the safety of the tunnel wall can be favorably ensured;
(2) the drainage structure is not accurately arranged through calculating the water permeability of the inner wall of the tunnel in the prior art, the water permeability calculation formula of the inner wall of the tunnel is designed, the water permeability condition of the inner wall of the tunnel can be accurately calculated according to the data required by various formulas for detecting the inner wall of the tunnel, the mesh number of the screen of the drainage layer can be reasonably arranged according to the calculated accurate numerical value, and the optimal drainage effect is further realized.
Specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the application include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for assisting the understanding of the present application, and are not particularly limited to the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the present application. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this application, may select various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the present application, depending on the particular situation. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is an overall structural view of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a cross-section of a drainage layer according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top plate structure view.
Reference numerals of the above figures: 101. an arch structure; 102. an inverted arch structure; 103. a lining layer at the initial stage; 104. a drainage layer; 105. a secondary lining structure; 106. a water collection channel; 107. A top plate; 108. a pillar; 109. a base plate; 110. a through hole; 111. a connecting pipe; 112. a waterproof layer; 113. an anchor rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a construction method of a tunnel safety drainage structure, the tunnel safety drainage structure comprises an arch structure 101 and an inverted arch structure 102 at the bottom, the arch structure 101 comprises an initial lining layer 103, a drainage layer 104, a waterproof layer 112 and a secondary lining structure 105 from inside to outside, the drainage layer 104 comprises a top plate 107, a pillar 108 and a bottom plate 109, the top plate 107 is a sieve plate provided with a through hole 110, the inverted arch structure 102 comprises a water collecting channel 106, the drainage layer 104 is communicated with the water collecting channel 106 through a communicating pipe 111, and the construction steps are as follows:
the first step is as follows: drilling a press-in water hole and a monitoring seepage water hole (not shown in the figure) on the inner wall of the excavated tunnel by a drilling machine; wherein the position of the water hole of impressing and monitoring infiltration hole is selected and can be selected according to the condition of actual tunnel.
The second step is that: pressing water into the press-in water holes, monitoring water seepage through adjacent monitoring seepage holes, and recording corresponding numerical values;
the third step: through the rate computational formula of permeating water of tunnel inner wall, calculate the rate of permeating water of tunnel inner wall, the formula is as follows:
t is the water permeability of the inner wall of the tunnel, m/s; q is water flow of tunnel inner wall pressed in, m3S; a is the distance between the press-in water hole and the monitoring seepage water hole, m; b is the radius of a water hole pressed into the inner wall of the tunnel, m; c is the height of the lift of the injected water, m; d is the height of the liquid level of the monitoring seepage hole, m; l is the hole depth of the pressed water hole;
the fourth step: the number of the top plates 107 to be set is calculated by the permeable rate calculated in the third step, which is specifically as follows:
mesh number is 30 when 0< T <0.5, mesh number is 40 when 0.5< T <1, mesh number is 50 when 1< T <2, mesh number is 60 when 2< T;
the fifth step: laying an initial lining layer 103 on the inner wall of the tunnel;
and a sixth step: after the preliminary solidification of the lining layer 103 in the initial stage, erecting a drainage layer 104 consisting of a top plate 107, a support column 108 and a bottom plate 109 in advance at a corresponding position according to the number of meshes of the top plate 107 calculated in the fourth step;
the seventh step: fixing the drainage layer 104 on the initial lining layer 103 through anchor rods 113;
the ninth step: paving a waterproof layer 112 on the outer surface of the bottom plate 109;
the tenth step: and paving a secondary lining structure 105 on the outer surface of the waterproof layer 112.
And repeating the steps until the whole tunnel drainage layer 104 is laid. Through the arrangement, the whole layer is the drainage layer 104, the arrangement that drainage is carried out only through a pipeline in the prior art is abandoned, and the problem of pipeline blockage is fundamentally avoided. And the support of the high-strength pillars 108 ensures the stability of the drainage layer 104. The water in the tunnel inner wall enters the drainage layer 104 through the through holes 110 on the screen plate and then is discharged out of the tunnel. The tunnel is collapsed at a certain position in time, but the whole layer is communicated, so that the blockage can not occur, and water flow can be normally discharged.
Preferably, the height of the lift and the height of the liquid level of the monitoring seepage hole are measured by a monitoring device arranged at the water pressing hole opening and the monitoring seepage hole opening. The monitoring devices referred to herein may be any devices that monitor the respective data, and are not listed in detail herein.
Preferably, the drainage layer 104 formed by the top plate 107, the pillars 108 and the bottom plate 109 is directly installed after being integrally processed in a factory and transported to a tunnel in an integral structure. Furthermore, in order to prevent particles of the surrounding rocks from blocking the through holes 110 of the top plate 107, a layer of non-woven fabric can be laid on the surface of the top plate 107, so that the effect of water absorption is achieved, and the particles of the surrounding rocks can be prevented from blocking the top plate. Ensuring the smooth drainage.
Preferably, holes for the anchor rods 113 to pass through are formed in the bottom plate 109 and the top plate 107.
Preferably, the pillars 108 are made of high-strength steel, are arranged in a cylindrical shape, and are arranged in a staggered manner in the space formed by the top plate 107 and the bottom plate 109. The staggered arrangement mode can enable water flow to flow out smoothly on one hand, and can better support surrounding rocks on the other hand, so that the problem that the surrounding rocks in a certain position are stressed unevenly to cause collapse is solved. The top plate 107 and the bottom plate 109 are also made of steel having a high rigidity, and a sufficient supporting force is secured.
Preferably, the number of pillars 108 is set according to the formation stress, and preferably at least 10 pillars are set in each square meter, so that the pillars 108 can support the top plate 107, and further collapse of surrounding rocks is prevented.
It should be noted that the top plate, the bottom plate, the pillars, and the like provided in the present embodiment may be any suitable conventional structures. For clearly and briefly explaining the technical solution provided by the present embodiment, the above parts will not be described again, and the drawings in the specification are also simplified accordingly. It should be understood, however, that the present embodiments are not limited in scope thereby.
Any numerical value recited herein includes all values from the lower value to the upper value that are incremented by one unit, provided that there is a separation of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if it is stated that the number of a component or a value of a process variable (e.g., temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, and more preferably from 30 to 70, it is intended that equivalents such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32 are also expressly enumerated in this specification. For values less than 1, one unit is suitably considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1. These are only examples of what is intended to be explicitly recited, and all possible combinations of numerical values between the lowest value and the highest value that are explicitly recited in the specification in a similar manner are to be considered.
Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges include the endpoints and all numbers between the endpoints. The use of "about" or "approximately" with a range applies to both endpoints of the range. Thus, "about 20 to about 30" is intended to cover "about 20 to about 30", including at least the endpoints specified.
All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional.
A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The omission in the foregoing claims of any aspect of subject matter that is disclosed herein is not intended to forego the subject matter and should not be construed as an admission that the applicant does not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed subject matter.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a construction method of tunnel safety drainage structure, tunnel safety drainage structure includes the inverted arch structure of domes and bottom, domes include initial stage lining layer, drainage blanket, waterproof layer and secondary lining structure from inside to outside, the drainage blanket includes roof, pillar and bottom plate, the sieve of roof for being provided with the through-hole, inverted arch structure includes the passageway that catchments, the drainage blanket through communicating pipe with the passageway that catchments communicates, its characterized in that: the construction steps are as follows:
the first step is as follows: drilling a press-in water hole and a monitoring seepage water hole on the inner wall of the excavated tunnel through a drilling machine;
the second step is that: pressing water into the press-in water holes, monitoring water seepage through adjacent monitoring seepage holes, and recording corresponding numerical values;
the third step: through the rate computational formula of permeating water of tunnel inner wall, calculate the rate of permeating water of tunnel inner wall, the formula is as follows:
t is the water permeability of the inner wall of the tunnel, m/s; q is water flow of tunnel inner wall pressed in, m3S; a is the distance between the press-in water hole and the monitoring seepage water hole, m; b is the radius of a water hole pressed into the inner wall of the tunnel, m; c is the height of the lift of the injected water, m; d is the height of the liquid level of the monitoring seepage hole, m; l is the hole depth of the pressed water hole;
the lift height and the liquid level height of the monitoring seepage hole are measured by a monitoring device arranged at the water pressing inlet hole and the monitoring seepage hole;
the fourth step: and calculating the mesh number of the top plate to be arranged according to the water permeability calculated in the third step, wherein the mesh number is as follows:
mesh number is 30 when 0< T <0.5, mesh number is 40 when 0.5< T <1, mesh number is 50 when 1< T <2, mesh number is 60 when 2< T;
the pillars are made of high-strength steel and are arranged in a cylindrical shape, and are arranged in a staggered mode in a space formed by the top plate and the bottom plate;
the fifth step: laying lining layer at inner wall of tunnel
And a sixth step: after the initial lining layer is initially solidified, erecting a drainage layer consisting of a top plate, a support column and a bottom plate in advance at a corresponding position according to the top plate mesh number calculated in the fourth step;
the seventh step: fixing the drainage layer on the initial lining layer through an anchor rod;
the ninth step: paving a waterproof layer on the outer surface of the bottom plate;
the tenth step: paving a secondary lining structure on the outer surface of the waterproof layer;
and repeating the steps until the whole tunnel drainage layer is laid.
2. The construction method of a tunnel safety drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drainage layer formed by the top plate, the support columns and the bottom plate is directly installed after being integrally processed in a factory and transported into the tunnel in an integral structure.
3. The construction method of a tunnel safety drainage structure according to claim 1, wherein: holes for the anchor rods to penetrate through are formed in the bottom plate and the top plate.
4. The construction method of a tunnel safety drainage structure according to claim 1, wherein:
at least 10 supports are arranged in each square meter, so that the supports can support the top plate.
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| CN201910588185.5A CN110130981B (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Tunnel building safety construction method |
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| CN201910588185.5A CN110130981B (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Tunnel building safety construction method |
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Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102277858A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-12-14 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Anti-seepage method and annular anti-seepage curtain for high-pressure water channel |
| CN205370597U (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-07-06 | 武汉市政工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | A system's leaking stoppage and drainage structures for tunnel seepage is administered |
| CN106194255B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-11-03 | 东南大学 | Tunnel waterproof and water drainage system and its method of construction |
| CN107178393B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2023-08-25 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel secondary lining water pressure control structure |
| CN109393688A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-03-01 | 张跃 | A kind of luggage structure |
| CN208089344U (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-11-13 | 中天路桥有限公司 | A kind of tunnel drainage system |
| CN208473894U (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-02-05 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tunnel lining structure solid waterproof and water drainage system |
| CN208473885U (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-02-05 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tunnel Gushing section primary support structure with ribbing |
| CN208966346U (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-06-11 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Low water damages permeable thin liner structure |
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