CN110397049B

CN110397049B - Buttress type retaining wall with drainage function and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110397049B
Application number: CN201910654384.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄达; 袁宇; 吴礼舟; 王俊杰; 肖衡林; 裴向军
Original assignee: Hebei University of Technology
Current assignee: Hebei University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-07-19
Filing date: 2019-07-19
Publication date: 2020-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-19
Also published as: CN110397049A

Abstract

The invention relates to a counterfort retaining wall with a drainage function and a construction method thereof. This barricade belongs to geological disasters prevention and cure technical field, including main part wall, rubble water catch bowl, escape canal, aqueduct, filter screen wherein. A gravel water collecting tank filled with gravel is arranged between the main body wall surface and the earth-retaining body, and the gravel water collecting tank is enclosed by the main body wall surface, the water guide wall and the toe board; one end of the water conduit is embedded into the earth-retaining body, and the other end of the water conduit is communicated with the gravel water collecting tank; in addition, the wall surface of the main body is provided with drain holes, and the heel plate is provided with drain ditches to form a complete drainage system. Underground water in the soil body to be blocked enters the gravel water collecting tank through the water guide pipe and is discharged through the water discharging hole, so that the influence of the underground water on the stability of the soil body can be timely reduced. And the weight of the gravels filled in the gravels water collecting groove at the back of the main body wall surface can improve the anti-overturning and anti-sliding capabilities of the wall body.

Description

Buttress type retaining wall with drainage function and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a counterfort retaining wall with a drainage function, in particular to a drainage retaining wall structure which is adopted for landslide control, fill body reinforcement, bevel slope reinforcement and the like in regions with frequent rainfall, belongs to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, and is suitable for the prevention and control of the slope geological disaster induced by hydraulic factors such as rainfall and the like.

Background

The hydraulic action of rainfall, ice and snow melting, reservoir water lifting and the like is one of the most main external factors for inducing landslide disasters. Surface water seeps into the rock-soil body, so that the mechanical property of the rock-soil body is reduced, the seepage pressure in the slope body is increased, and the erosion-corrosion damage of the rock-soil body in the slope is caused, therefore, the enhancement of the drainage in the slope is one of the important measures for preventing and treating landslide disasters, and particularly, the research and development of the retaining structure with the comprehensive drainage-anti-skidding effects has important engineering application value.

The counterfort retaining wall is characterized by simple structure, convenient construction, small wall section, light weight, better exertion of the strength performance of reinforced concrete and the like, and is favored in slope reinforcement. Although there are retaining wall patents that are improved with respect to drainage effect, they have disadvantages such as complicated construction steps, limited height of retaining wall body, and poor drainage performance.

For example: the application number is 201620009591.3 geogrid reinforcement counterfort type retaining wall, the patent has the capabilities of drainage and skid resistance, the construction steps are relatively simple, but the lower drainage hole is too low to facilitate the drainage of the upper soil body, in addition, the filling is positioned on the counterfort side, and the strength performance of the retaining wall main body structure cannot be fully exerted;

the application number is 201820901188.0 & lt & gt barricade & gt, the drainage effect is considered, but poor integrity of the barricade and the rear wall water collection and drainage structure limits the anti-sliding supporting performance of the barricade structure, so that the height of the wall surface structure of the barricade main body is not too large.

Similarly, the application No. 201420073853.3 "buttress type retaining wall structure suitable for deep soft soil foundation" only adds the drain hole on the main body wall surface, does not consider the water collecting and draining function of the retained soil body, and the draining effect is not obvious.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel buttress type retaining wall with a drainage effect and a construction method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a buttress type retaining wall with a drainage function comprises a main body wall surface, wherein a plurality of buttresses are arranged on one side of the main body wall surface, a soil-to-be-retained body is arranged on the other side of the main body wall surface, a wall heel plate is arranged on the side of the buttresses on the lower portion of the main body wall surface, a wall toe plate is arranged on the other side of the buttresses, and the outermost side of the wall toe plate is close to the soil-; the method is characterized in that:

the retaining wall also comprises a water guide wall, wherein a crushed stone water collecting tank is formed in a space enclosed by the water guide wall, the main body wall surface and the toe board, the water guide wall, the main body wall surface and the toe board form a rectangular solid wall, the water guide wall parallel to the main body wall surface is close to a to-be-retained soil body, and a one-way filter screen is arranged on the outer surface of the water guide wall; the lower part of the water guide wall vertical to the wall surface of the main body is fixed with the corresponding wall toe board; the lower part of the gravel water collecting tank is an arc-shaped surface which is inclined upwards towards the side of the soil-protected body;

a plurality of rows of drain holes penetrating through the wall surface of the main body are arranged on the lower half part of the wall surface of the main body between two adjacent buttresses, a water guide pipe inclining downwards is arranged in the soil-blocked body, one end of the water guide pipe is embedded into the soil-blocked body, and the other end of the water guide pipe extends into a gravel water collecting tank; the height of the drain hole positioned at the top is lower than that of the lowest point of the water guide pipe;

and a drainage ditch is arranged on one side, away from the main wall surface, of the butt plate, and the gravel water collection tank is filled with gravel capable of resisting dumping and collecting water.

The arrangement of the drain holes timely drains the underground water in the gravel water collecting tank, reduces the lateral pressure of the earth-retaining body and the gravel on the retaining wall, and improves the anti-overturning and anti-sliding capabilities of the wall body.

The buttress is arranged on the other side of the wall panel, the thickness of the buttress is changed according to the height of a main body wall surface, generally 300-500 mm is taken, the distance between two adjacent buttress is 1/4-1/2 of the height of the main body wall surface, the height of the buttress is greater than the height of the main body wall surface of 1/2, the thickness of the buttress is 1/10-1/4 of the distance of the buttress, and the thickness of the buttress is not less than 0.3 m.

The wall heel plate is located the buttress side, the wall toe plate is located main part wall opposite side, and rubble water catch bowl afterbody designs into the arcuation, can consolidate the wall toe plate and be connected with the water guide wall, improves the wholeness of barricade, helps the discharge of rubble water catch bowl normal water simultaneously. The thickness of the toe board and the thickness of the heel board can be the same, and the width of the heel board is 1/4-1/2 of the height of the main wall surface and is not less than 0.5 m. The toe board, the main wall and the gravel water collecting tank are connected into a whole, the width of the toe board is 1/20-1/5 of the height of the main wall, and the thickness of the toe board is not less than 0.3 m.

The gravel filled in the gravel water collecting tank has the particle size of 100-500mm and the density of more than 2500kg/m³UniformityProportioning, namely filling the retaining wall with the gravels, and providing back pressure for the retaining wall by means of the self gravity of the gravels to increase the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capacity of the retaining wall; the water guide wall is fully distributed with the holes, one side of the water guide wall close to the earth-retained body is provided with a one-way filter screen, the thickness of the water guide wall is 1/5-1/3 of the thickness of the main wall surface, and the diameter of the drain hole is larger than that of the water guide pipe.

The downward inclination angle of the water guide pipe is 5-15 degrees, the inner diameter of the water guide pipe is 50-100 mm, water inlet holes are equidistantly arranged on the pipe wall of the water guide pipe and are wrapped by geotextile, the length of the water guide pipe which penetrates into the earth-to-be-retained body is not less than 5m, and water in the soil body can conveniently flow out.

The construction method of the counterfort type retaining wall with the drainage function comprises the following steps:

s1, designing and determining various parameter sizes of the counterfort retaining wall according to actual engineering requirements and an economic and practical principle to complete a construction drawing;

s2, measurement and paying-off: and dividing construction sections according to the construction drawing, measuring the center line of the roadbed, the main axis of the foundation, the axis of the wall top, the origin-destination point and the cross section of the retaining wall at the positions of the toe boards of the wall, and noting the elevation and the excavation depth.

S3, measuring and paying off to determine the size of the foundation, binding reinforcing steel bars, erecting a mold, and simultaneously embedding main body wall reinforcing steel bars, buttress reinforcing steel bars, wall toe plates and wall heel plate reinforcing steel bars;

s4, after the steel reinforcement cage is installed, after the steel reinforcement cage is checked to be qualified, pouring a formwork, and ensuring that the perpendicularity and the flatness of a construction formwork of the retaining wall are both less than 4mm in the construction process so as to ensure that the retaining wall can exert material performance to the maximum extent;

s5, drain hole construction: PVC pipe with diameter of 10-50mm is adopted, the PVC pipe is wrapped by permeable geotextile, when the PVC pipe is installed, the PVC pipe is fixed by reinforcing steel bars, and a filter screen is required to be arranged on one side of the broken stone water collecting tank

S6, concrete curing stage: after the concrete is poured, performing concrete surface folding before initial setting, performing surface folding and press polishing treatment again before final setting of the concrete, and then covering the geotextile for watering, moisturizing and curing;

s7, when the concrete reaches 70% -80% of the specified compressive strength, removing the formwork, and ensuring that the surfaces and edges and corners of the retaining wall are not damaged in the formwork removing process;

s8, carrying out broken stone filling and earthwork backfilling: filling the gravels into the inner space of the gravels water collecting tank, paving a filter screen at the top of the gravels water collecting tank, and backfilling earthwork to a soil-to-be-retained body;

and S9, when the height of the crushed stones and the filled soil reaches 1/2 of the main wall surface, obliquely arranging water guide pipes, punching holes on the surfaces of the water guide pipes at equal intervals, and wrapping the water guide pipes with gauze.

S10, continuously filling the broken stones and the earthwork to a specified height, and performing tamping treatment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the underground water in the soil-blocked body can be collected into a gravel water collecting tank filled with gravel on the back side of the main body wall surface through seepage or through a water guide pipe, and then is drained in time through a drain hole reserved in the main body wall surface, so that the water draining effect is good, and the influence of the underground water on the stability of the rock-soil body is reduced;

secondly, the main body wall surface, the wall toe boards and the water guide wall are integrated, and the gravels water collecting grooves are filled with heavier gravels, so that the integrity of the wall body and the water collecting grooves which are connected into a whole is ensured, the self weight of the gravels is utilized to provide counter pressure for the retaining wall, and the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capacity of the whole retaining wall is enhanced;

thirdly, the retaining wall structure is flexible and has wide height range. According to the actual engineering, the height and thickness of the wall surface and the counterfort of the main body and the width and thickness of the toe board and the heel board of the wall can be changed, so that the wall surface and the counterfort can better bear the bending moment and the shearing force generated by the soil pressure together.

Drawings

In order to more clearly explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention of a counterfort retaining wall with a drainage function, the present invention provides the following description with reference to the attached drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a new buttress wall with drainage of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of A1-A1 of the novel buttress wall with water drainage function of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of A2-A2 of the novel buttress wall with water drainage function of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a B-B cross-sectional view of the novel buttress wall of this invention with drainage;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of C2-C2 of the novel buttress wall with water drainage function of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of C1-C1 of the novel buttress wall with water drainage function of the present invention;

fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 3.

Reference numerals: 1. a main body wall surface; 2. a soil-to-be-retained body; 3. a gravel water collection tank; 4. a buttress; 5. a wall heel plate; 6. a wall toe board; 7. a water conduit; 8. a water guide wall; 9. a drainage ditch; 10. a drain hole; 11. and (5) filtering by using a filter screen.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.

Example 1:

the embodiment discloses a buttress type retaining wall with a drainage function, which comprises a main wall surface 1, a buttress 4, a wall heel plate 5, a wall toe plate 6, a water guide pipe 7, a water guide wall 8, a drainage ditch 9 and a drainage hole 10;

referring to fig. 1 and 5, a main wall surface 1 is provided with a soil-to-be-retained body 2 at one side thereof, which is suitable for a large height range, preferably not more than 15m, typically 6-12m, wherein the lower half of the main wall surface is provided with three rows of drainage holes 10 penetrating through the retaining wall, the construction segment length along the extension direction of the retaining wall length (direction indicated by arrow in fig. 1) is not more than 20m, and the wall surface width at the topmost end of the main wall surface 1 is not less than 0.2 m;

referring to fig. 2 and 4, the buttress 4 is arranged on the other side of the main body wall surface 1, the thickness of the buttress is changed according to the height of the main body wall surface, generally 300mm to 500mm, and the wall heights are 1/4 to 1/2 at intervals; about 3 or more buttresses are preferably arranged in each construction section, and the height of each buttress is greater than 1/2; the thickness is generally 1/10-1/4 of the buttress spacing and should not be less than 0.3 m. The buttress section can adopt a variable section which is gradually thickened downwards along with the height (can be understood as a variable section from top to bottom, the thickness of the upper part is small, and the thickness of the lower part is large), or a constant thickness section. The constant cross section is convenient for site construction, and the variable cross section is designed according to stress analysis, so that the material cost can be saved.

Referring to fig. 1, the heel panel 5 is located on the side of the buttress 4, and has a width generally equal to the height of the main body wall from 1/4-1/2 m and not less than 0.5 m. The toe board 6 is arranged at the other side of the wall surface, the width of the toe board 6 is preferably 1/20-1/5 of the height of the main body wall surface, the thickness of the toe board 6 is not less than 0.3m, and the toe board, the main body wall surface 1 and the water guide wall 8 form a gravel water collecting tank 3, the lower part of the gravel water collecting tank is designed into an arc shape, the arc shape inclines upwards towards the direction of the earth-protected body, the gravel filled in the gravel water collecting tank has the particle size of 100 plus 500mm and the density of more than 2500kg/m³The mixture ratio is uniform, so that the effects of collection, drainage and back pressure are enhanced; the size of the concrete macadam is determined according to the design of the size of the retaining wall, the size of the drain hole, the diameter of the water guide pipe and the like.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the gravel water collecting tank 3 is formed by enclosing the toe boards 6, the main wall surface 1 and the water guide wall, is arranged between the main wall surface 1 and the earth-retaining body 2, is filled with gravel, and can provide back pressure for the retaining wall by means of the gravity of the gravel, so that the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capacity of the retaining wall is improved;

referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, the water conduit 7 is obliquely arranged inside the earth-retained body 2, the inclination angle is controlled to be 5-15 degrees (one end is upward, the other end is downward, specifically referring to the installation mode in fig. 3), the inner diameter of the pipe body is 50-100 mm, water inlet holes are equidistantly arranged on the pipe wall and are wrapped by geotextile, the length of the water conduit which penetrates into the earth-retained body 2 at least exceeds 5m, and the water conduit is communicated with a gravel water collecting tank;

referring to fig. 1 and 6, the main wall surface, the water guide wall and the toe board enclose a solid structure, the water guide wall 8 parallel to the main wall surface is arranged between the earth-retaining body 2 and the filled gravels, the wall surface is fully distributed with holes, one side close to the earth-retaining body is provided with a one-way filter screen, the thickness of the water guide wall is 1/5-1/3 of the thickness of the main wall surface, and the diameter of the drain hole is slightly larger than that of the water guide pipe. When the main body wall surface is constructed in a subsection mode, the water guide walls perpendicular to the main body wall surface are arranged between the adjacent subsections, a plurality of water guide walls perpendicular to the main body wall surface can be arranged in one subsection, and the cement wall surface without water guide holes is arranged at the position, perpendicular to the main body wall surface, of the outermost side in the length direction of the extension of the main body wall surface (see fig. 4). The drain holes 10 are obliquely arranged, the inclination angle is controlled to be between 5 and 15 degrees, the pore size is controlled to be between 10 and 50mm, and drained underground water is directly led into the drainage ditch 9; the drainage ditch is positioned on the outer side of the buttress of the heel plate, and the water guide pipe 7, the gravel water collecting tank 3, the drainage hole 10 and the drainage ditch 9 form a complete drainage system.

Referring to fig. 7, the filter screen 11 is disposed at the drainage hole 10 closely to the inner and outer surfaces of the wall surface of the main body to prevent soil and gravels from blocking the drainage hole.

Example 2:

the embodiment discloses a construction method of the buttress type retaining wall structure with the drainage function in embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:

s1, designing and determining various parameter sizes of the buttress type retaining wall according to actual engineering requirements and an economic and practical principle (determining the height and width of a main body wall surface, the size of a buttress, the size of a toe board and the size of a heel board according to the size of a soil body to be retained), and completing a construction drawing; s2, measurement and paying-off: dividing construction sections according to a construction drawing, measuring the center line of a roadbed at the positions of the toe boards of the wall, the main axis of a foundation (the main wall surface, the toe boards of the wall and the heel boards of the wall form the foundation), the axis of a wall top (the wall top of the main wall surface), the start-end point and the cross section of a retaining wall, and indicating the elevation and the excavation depth.

s4, after the steel reinforcement cage is installed, pouring a formwork after the steel reinforcement cage is checked to be qualified, and particularly paying attention to the verticality and the flatness of a retaining wall formwork (the verticality and the flatness are less than 4mm) in construction so as to ensure that the retaining wall can exert material performance to the maximum extent;

s5, drain hole construction: PVC pipes with the diameter of 10-50mm are adopted, the PVC pipes are wrapped by water-permeable geotextile, when the PVC pipes are installed, the PVC pipes can be fixed through reinforcing steel bars, and a filter screen needs to be arranged on one side of a gravel water collecting tank;

and S8, carrying out gravel filling and earthwork backfilling. Filling the gravel into the inner space of the gravel water collecting tank, and backfilling earthwork to a soil-to-be-retained body;

and S9, when the height of the crushed stones and the filled soil reaches 1/2, obliquely arranging water guide pipes, punching holes on the surfaces of the water guide pipes at equal intervals, and wrapping the water guide pipes with gauze.

Example 3:

in the construction method of this embodiment, after step S2 in the embodiment 2, the lower portion of the soil-retaining object is drilled, and the drilled hole is used for placing the water guide pipe. And then, executing steps S3-S8, and after the crushed stones and the earthwork reach the designated height, tamping to finish the construction.

Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.

Claims

1. A buttress type retaining wall with a drainage function comprises a main body wall surface (1), wherein one side of the main body wall surface is provided with a plurality of buttresses (4), the other side of the main body wall surface is provided with a soil-to-be-retained body, the side of the buttresses at the lower part of the main body wall surface is provided with a wall heel plate (5), the other side of the buttresses is provided with a wall toe plate, and the outermost side of the wall toe plate is close to the soil-; the method is characterized in that:

a plurality of rows of drain holes penetrating through the wall surface of the main body are arranged at the lower half part of the wall surface of the main body between two adjacent buttresses, the drain holes at the lowest part are arranged close to the wall heel plate, a water guide pipe (7) inclining downwards is arranged in the soil body to be protected, one end of the water guide pipe is embedded into the soil body to be protected (2), and the other end of the water guide pipe extends into the gravel water collecting tank (3); the height of the drain hole positioned at the top is lower than that of the lowest point of the water guide pipe;

a drainage ditch (9) is arranged on one side of the heel plate (5) far away from the wall surface of the main body, the gravel water collecting tank is filled with gravel, the gravel water collecting tank (3) is filled with 100-500mm gravel, and the density of the gravel is more than 2500kg/m³Uniformly proportioning;

the water guide wall (8) is fully distributed with holes, one side close to the earth-retained body is provided with a one-way filter screen, the thickness of the water guide wall is 1/5-1/3 of the thickness of the main wall surface, and the diameter of the drain hole is larger than that of the water guide pipe; the downward inclination angle of the water guide pipe (7) is 5-15 degrees;

the height range of the main body wall surface (1) is not more than 15m, the toe board (6), the main body wall surface and the gravel water collecting groove are connected into a whole, the width of the toe board (6) is 1/20-1/5 of the wall height, and the thickness of the toe board is not less than 0.3 m.

2. The buttress-type retaining wall with a drainage function according to claim 1, wherein the length of the construction section of the main body wall surface is 20m, and the width of the topmost wall surface of the main body wall surface is not less than 0.2 m.

3. The buttress wall with a drainage function of claim 1, wherein the height of the main body wall surface is 6-12 m.

4. The retaining wall with a drainage function of claim 1, wherein the distance between two adjacent retaining walls (4) is 1/4-1/2 of the height of the main body wall surface, the height of the retaining wall is greater than 1/2 of the height of the main body wall surface, the thickness of the retaining wall is 1/10-1/4 of the distance between the retaining walls, and the thickness of the retaining wall is not less than 0.3 m.

5. The buttress wall with a drainage function of claim 1, wherein the buttress section adopts a variable section which is gradually thickened downwards along with the height, or a constant thickness section.

6. The buttress wall with a drainage function of claim 1, wherein the width of the heel plate (5) is 1/4-1/2 of the height of the main body wall surface and is not less than 0.5 m.

7. The buttress-type retaining wall with a drainage function of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the water conduit is 50mm-100mm, the wall of the water conduit is provided with water inlet holes at equal intervals and is wrapped by geotextile, and the length of the water conduit penetrating into the earth-retaining body is not less than 5 m.

8. A method of constructing the buttress wall with a water-draining function of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s2, measurement and paying-off: dividing construction sections according to a construction drawing, measuring the center line of a roadbed, the main axis of the foundation, the axis of the wall top, the origin-destination point and the cross section of a retaining wall at the positions of the toe boards of the wall, and noting the elevation and the excavation depth;

s5, drain hole construction: adopting a PVC pipe with the diameter of 10-50mm, wrapping the PVC pipe with a permeable geotextile, fixing the PVC pipe through a steel bar when the PVC pipe is installed, and arranging a filter screen at one side close to the gravel water collecting tank;

s9, when the height of the crushed stones and the filled soil reaches 1/2 of the main wall surface, arranging the water guide pipes in an inclined mode, punching holes on the surfaces of the water guide pipes at equal intervals, and wrapping the water guide pipes with gauze;