CN111425249A - Tunnel wind power drainage system - Google Patents
Tunnel wind power drainage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111425249A CN111425249A CN202010237353.9A CN202010237353A CN111425249A CN 111425249 A CN111425249 A CN 111425249A CN 202010237353 A CN202010237353 A CN 202010237353A CN 111425249 A CN111425249 A CN 111425249A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 205
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000883990 Flabellum Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel wind power drainage system which comprises a drill hole and a drainage network, wherein the drill hole is a downward-inclined drill hole drilled from a tunnel arch wall to a drainage area, the drainage network is positioned on a soil body or a rock body near the bottom end of the drill hole, the drainage network comprises a plurality of cracks, permeable concrete is filled in each crack, all the cracks are mutually communicated, a drainage pipe is laid in the drill hole, a water inlet of the drainage pipe is communicated with the drainage network, a water outlet of the drainage pipe is communicated with a tunnel drainage ditch, a branch pipe is arranged on the drainage pipe, a wind power device is connected to the tail end of the branch pipe, and when a train drives into a tunnel, piston wind generated drives the wind power device to work to extract air in the drainage pipe. The drainage system utilizes the siphon action and maintains the vacuum degree of the drainage pipe by the wind power device to prevent the siphon action from losing efficacy, thereby continuously and automatically draining redundant underground water in the tunnel surrounding rocks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a wind power drainage system for a tunnel.
Background
With the rapid development of traffic industries such as railways, roads and the like, the number and mileage of tunnels are continuously increased, and a plurality of engineering diseases are encountered in the tunnel construction and operation process. Karst tunnels in southwest areas are widely distributed, karst water causes great harm to tunnel lining structures, water pressure acts on the lining to change the stress characteristics of the lining structures, the load on the back of the tunnel structures is increased by the large water pressure on the back of the lining, and diseases such as tunnel lining cracking, inverted arch rising, slurry pumping and mud pumping are caused. Therefore, the method is particularly important for draining underground water behind the lining. However, because karst fractures in a karst region are irregularly distributed, drainage blind spots often exist in drainage of the currently adopted lining back ring longitudinal blind pipes, and after a drainage channel formed by rock fractures in the later period is blocked, effective drainage can not be carried out for a long time, so that the problem that tunnel lining damage is caused by unsmooth drainage is caused.
Chinese patent application No. 201911387657.7 proposes a drainage system for karst tunnel, which utilizes drainage network to siphon drainage of underground water in tunnel, and has good drainage effect. However, when no water in the tunnel needs to be drained through the siphoning action, the siphoning drainage system is in a stop working state, air dissolved in the water gradually separates out in the form of bubbles, the air is continuously accumulated in the siphon, the vacuum degree in the siphon is reduced, and when the groundwater rises again, the siphoning is difficult to restart and even the siphoning phenomenon disappears, so that the tunnel drainage effect is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: when the tunnel siphon drainage technology is applied, air can be continuously accumulated in a siphon pipe, so that the vacuum degree in the siphon pipe is reduced, and the problem that siphon is difficult to restart and even siphon phenomenon disappears is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a wind power drainage system for a tunnel comprises a drill hole and a drainage network, wherein the drill hole is a declination drill hole which is punched from an arch wall of the tunnel to a drainage area, the drainage network is positioned on a soil body or a rock body near the bottom end of the drill hole, and the drainage network is at least partially positioned in the drainage area, the drainage network comprises a plurality of cracks, each crack is filled with pervious concrete, all the cracks are mutually communicated, a drain pipe is laid in the drill hole, a water inlet of the drain pipe is communicated with a drain network, a water outlet of the drain pipe is communicated with a tunnel drain ditch, the elevation of the water inlet of the drain pipe is lower than that of the water outlet, the elevation of the top end of the drilling hole is higher than that of the water outlet pipe, a branch pipe is arranged on the section, close to the water outlet, of the water outlet pipe, the tail end of the branch pipe is connected with a wind power device, when the train drives into the tunnel, the generated piston wind drives the wind power device to work to extract air in the drain pipe.
According to the invention, the pervious concrete is pressed into the surrounding rock of the tunnel under high pressure, a drainage network with high porosity is formed after the pervious concrete is solidified, so that underground water is gathered near a water inlet of a drainage pipe, and when the underground water level line at the water inlet is increased, the underground water can be conveyed to a drainage ditch of the tunnel through the drainage pipe under the siphon action until the water level at the water inlet of the drainage pipe is equal to the water level at the water outlet of the drainage pipe; when the train runs into the tunnel, the generated piston wind drives the wind power device to work to extract the air in the drainage pipe; the drainage system utilizes the siphon action and maintains the vacuum degree of the drainage pipe by the wind power device to prevent the siphon action from losing efficacy, redundant underground water in the surrounding rock of the tunnel can be automatically and efficiently drained in real time as long as the underground water is gathered, no external power is needed, and manual maintenance is not needed.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the wind power device comprises a shell and a driving part, a piston cavity, a water inlet chamber and a water outlet chamber are arranged in the shell, a matched piston is arranged in the piston cavity, a water inlet valve is arranged between the water inlet chamber and the piston cavity, a water outlet valve is arranged between the water outlet chamber and the piston cavity, the water inlet chamber is communicated with the branch pipe, and the driving part drives the piston to reciprocate through natural wind or piston wind in the tunnel. The piston is driven to move up and down by the driving part, when the piston moves down, negative pressure is generated in the piston cavity, the water inlet valve is opened, the water outlet valve is closed, and air in the water discharge pipe is sucked into the piston cavity through the water inlet chamber; when the piston moves upwards, the pressure in the piston cavity rises, the water outlet valve is opened, the water inlet valve is closed, air is discharged from the wind power device through the water outlet chamber, the air accumulated in the drain pipe is continuously discharged, the vacuum degree of the drain pipe is kept, the siphon effect is prevented from losing effectiveness, and tunnel drainage is continuously performed.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the driving part comprises a rotating shaft arranged on the shell, an eccentric section is arranged on the rotating shaft, the eccentric section is positioned below the piston and deviates in parallel relative to the axis of the rotating shaft, a rotating wheel is arranged on the eccentric section, the rotating wheel is rotatably connected with the piston, one end of the rotating shaft extending out of the shell is connected with a fan blade, and the fan blade faces the train track. When the train drives into the tunnel, the generated piston wind drives the fan blades to rotate, the fan blades drive the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the rotating wheels to move, and then the piston is driven to move up and down.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are one-way valves.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the water outlet chamber is provided with a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the tunnel drainage ditch so as to discharge water pumped by the wind power device to the tunnel drainage ditch.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drainage area is a karst development area.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the lift of the drain pipe is smaller than the height of a water column corresponding to the atmospheric pressure of a construction site.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the inclination angle of the drill hole is 10-30 degrees, and the diameter of the drill hole is larger than or equal to 70 mm.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the drain pipe is a PU pipe, and the diameter of the drain pipe is more than or equal to 4 mm.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the tunnel drainage ditch is a tunnel side ditch, a water collection tank is arranged in the tunnel side ditch, and a water outlet of the drainage pipe is located in the water collection tank.
The invention also provides a tunnel wind power drainage method, which utilizes the tunnel wind power drainage system to drain water and comprises the following steps:
firstly, preliminarily determining a drainage area of a tunnel according to a geological survey result, and drilling a downward inclined drill hole facing the drainage area from a tunnel arch wall;
placing a multi-nozzle sleeve at the bottom end of the drilled hole, wherein the multi-nozzle sleeve comprises a grouting hole, a plurality of injection holes and a movable sleeve, the movable sleeve is respectively connected with the grouting hole and a high-pressure pump, and the high-pressure pump is used for injecting pervious concrete into the multi-nozzle sleeve;
step three, after the pervious concrete is injected, the movable sleeve is dismantled, and a water inlet of a drain pipe is placed at the bottom end of the drilled hole;
step four, reversely irrigating water from a water outlet of the water drainage pipe, stopping irrigating water after all air is discharged, communicating the branch pipe with a water inlet chamber of the wind power device, placing a water outlet end of the water drainage pipe into the tunnel drainage ditch, communicating one end of a water outlet pipe with a water outlet chamber of the wind power device, and placing the other end of the water outlet pipe into the tunnel drainage ditch;
and fifthly, arranging the wind power device in the tunnel arch wall, enabling the fan blades to be located at the position with the maximum wind speed, and after the train runs into the tunnel, generating piston wind to drive the fan blades to rotate, wherein the wind power device works to discharge air accumulated in the drainage pipe.
The method comprises the steps of drilling a downward-inclined drill hole facing a drainage area from a tunnel arch wall, injecting pervious concrete into a tunnel surrounding rock at the bottom end of the drill hole to form a drainage network, collecting underground water at the bottom end of the drill hole, then placing a water inlet of a drain pipe into the bottom end of the drill hole, reversely filling water from a water outlet of the drain pipe to drain air, conveying the underground water to a tunnel drainage ditch through the drain pipe by means of siphoning, communicating a branch pipe with a water inlet chamber of a wind power device, driving a fan blade to rotate by piston wind generated after a train runs into the tunnel, discharging air accumulated in the drain pipe by the operation of the wind power device, and preventing siphoning from losing efficacy.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the pervious concrete is pressed into the surrounding rock of the tunnel under high pressure, a drainage network with high porosity is formed after the pervious concrete is solidified, so that underground water is gathered near a water inlet of a drainage pipe, and when the underground water level line at the water inlet is increased, the underground water can be conveyed to a drainage ditch of the tunnel through the drainage pipe under the siphon action until the water level at the water inlet of the drainage pipe is equal to the water level at the water outlet of the drainage pipe; when the train runs into the tunnel, the generated piston wind drives the wind power device to work to extract the air in the drainage pipe; the drainage system utilizes the siphon action, maintains the vacuum degree of the drainage pipe by virtue of the wind power device, prevents the siphon action from losing efficacy, can automatically and efficiently drain redundant underground water in the surrounding rock of the tunnel in real time as long as the underground water is gathered, does not need any external power and does not need manual maintenance;
2. according to the invention, the pervious concrete is pressed into the tunnel surrounding rock under high pressure, a drainage network with high porosity is formed after the pervious concrete is solidified, so that underground water is gathered near the drilled hole, the influence range of a single drainage hole for generating a dropping funnel is enlarged, the drainage is efficiently performed at one time, the drainage efficiency can be obviously improved, and meanwhile, the pervious concrete is injected into the drilled hole, so that the karst development area is more easily and accurately positioned along the crack direction of a rock-soil body under the condition that the karst development area is uncertain;
3. the wind power device drives the fan blades to rotate through piston wind generated by train running, the fan blades drive the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the rotating wheels to move, and then the piston is driven to move up and down, when the piston moves downwards, negative pressure is generated in the piston cavity, the water inlet valve is opened, the water outlet valve is closed, and air in the water discharge pipe is sucked into the piston cavity through the water inlet chamber; when the piston moves upwards, the pressure in the piston cavity rises, the water outlet valve is opened, the water inlet valve is closed, air is discharged from the wind power device through the water outlet chamber, the air accumulated in the drainage pipe is continuously discharged, the vacuum degree of the drainage pipe is kept, the siphon effect is prevented from losing efficacy, and the tunnel drainage is continuously carried out; piston wind can be generated when a high-speed train runs in a tunnel, the wind speed of the piston wind is in direct proportion to the speed of the train, the piston wind in the tunnel can reach 10m/s under the theoretical condition, the piston wind utilization technology is blank at present, and the piston wind generated when the train runs in the tunnel is used as power to drain water, so that energy is saved;
4. the drainage method comprises the steps of drilling a downward-inclined drill hole facing a karst development area from a tunnel arch wall, injecting pervious concrete into a tunnel surrounding rock at the bottom end of the drill hole to form a drainage network, collecting underground water at the bottom end of the drill hole, then placing a water inlet of a drain pipe into the bottom end of the drill hole, reversely filling water from a water outlet of the drain pipe to discharge air, conveying the underground water to a tunnel drainage ditch through the drain pipe by means of siphoning, communicating a branch pipe with a water inlet chamber of a pneumatic power device, driving a tunnel by a train, generating piston wind to drive a fan blade to rotate, discharging the air accumulated in the drain pipe by the work of the pneumatic power device, and preventing siphoning from losing efficacy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a tunnel wind power drainage system in the invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel wind power drainage system in the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a multiple nozzle cartridge according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel side trench of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the tunnel lateral groove in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the downward movement of the wind power unit piston of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the upward movement of the piston of the wind power plant of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1-tunnel, 2-drilling, 3-multi-nozzle casing, 31-grouting hole, 32-injection hole, 33-movable casing, 4-pervious concrete, 5-wind power device, 51-water inlet chamber, 511-water inlet valve, 52-water outlet chamber, 521-water outlet valve, 53-fan blade, 54-rotating shaft, 55-rotating wheel, 56-piston, 57-shell, 58-piston cavity, 59-water outlet pipe, 6-water outlet pipe, 61-branch pipe, 7-karst development area, 8-underground water level line, 9-tunnel side ditch and 91-water collecting tank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a wind power drainage system for a tunnel;
as shown in fig. 1-7, the tunnel wind power drainage system in this embodiment includes a drilling hole 2 and a drainage network, where the drilling hole 2 is a downward-inclined drilling hole drilled from an arch wall of a tunnel 1 to a drainage area, the drainage area is preferably a karst development area 7, the drainage network is located on a soil body or a rock body near the bottom end of the drilling hole 2, and at least a part of the drainage network is located in the karst development area 7, the drainage network includes a plurality of cracks, each crack is filled with permeable concrete 4, all the cracks are mutually communicated, a drainage pipe 6 is laid in the drilling hole 2, a water inlet of the drainage pipe 6 is communicated with the drainage network, a water outlet of the drainage pipe 6 is communicated with a tunnel drainage ditch, a water inlet elevation of the drainage pipe 6 is lower than a water outlet, and a water outlet elevation of the top end of the drilling hole 2 is, a branch pipe 61 is arranged on one section of the drain pipe 6 close to the water outlet, the height difference between the intersection point position of the branch pipe 61 and the drain pipe 6 and the drainage ditch of the tunnel is larger than the height of a water column corresponding to the atmospheric pressure in the tunnel, the tail end of the branch pipe 61 is connected with a wind power device 5, and after a train drives into the tunnel, generated piston wind drives the wind power device 5 to work to extract the air accumulated in the drain pipe 6.
According to the invention, the pervious concrete is pressed into the surrounding rock of the tunnel under high pressure, a drainage network with high porosity is formed after the pervious concrete is solidified, so that underground water is gathered near a water inlet of a drainage pipe, and when the underground water level line at the water inlet is increased, the underground water can be conveyed to a drainage ditch of the tunnel through the drainage pipe under the siphon action until the water level at the water inlet of the drainage pipe is equal to the water level at the water outlet of the drainage pipe; when the train runs into the tunnel, the generated piston wind drives the wind power device to work to extract the air in the drainage pipe; the drainage system utilizes the siphon action and maintains the vacuum degree of the drainage pipe by the wind power device to prevent the siphon action from losing efficacy, redundant underground water in the surrounding rock of the tunnel can be automatically and efficiently drained in real time as long as the underground water is gathered, no external power is needed, and manual maintenance is not needed.
In this embodiment, the wind power device 5 includes a housing 57 and a driving part, a piston cavity 58, a water inlet chamber 51 and a water outlet chamber 52 are arranged in the housing 57, a piston 56 adapted to the piston cavity 58 is arranged in the piston cavity 58, a water inlet valve 511 is arranged between the water inlet chamber 51 and the piston cavity 58, a water outlet valve 521 is arranged between the water outlet chamber 52 and the piston cavity 58, the water inlet valve 511 and the water outlet valve 521 are one-way valves, the water inlet chamber 51 is communicated with the branch pipe 61, and the driving part drives the piston 56 to reciprocate through natural wind or piston wind in the tunnel 1. The piston is driven by the driving part to move up and down, when the piston 56 moves down, negative pressure is generated in the piston cavity 58, the water inlet valve 511 is opened, the water outlet valve 521 is closed, and air in the water outlet pipe 6 is sucked into the piston cavity 58 through the water inlet chamber 51; when the piston 56 moves upwards, the pressure in the piston cavity 58 rises, the water outlet valve 521 is opened, the water inlet valve 511 is closed, air is discharged from the wind power device through the water outlet chamber 52, air accumulated in the drain pipe is continuously discharged, the vacuum degree of the drain pipe is maintained, siphon effect failure is prevented, and tunnel drainage is continuously performed.
In this embodiment, the driving part includes the pivot 54 of locating on casing 57, be equipped with eccentric section on the pivot 54, eccentric section is located piston 56 below and the parallel skew of pivot 54 axis relatively, be equipped with runner 55 on the eccentric section, runner 55 is connected with piston 56 rotation, the one end that the pivot 54 stretches out outside casing 57 even has flabellum 53, flabellum 53 is towards the train track. When the train enters the tunnel 1, the generated piston wind drives the fan blades 53 to rotate, the fan blades 53 drive the rotating shaft 54 to rotate, the rotating shaft 54 drives the rotating wheels 55 to move, and then the piston 56 is driven to move up and down.
In this embodiment, the wind power device 5 is disposed in the arch wall of the tunnel 1, so that the installation and maintenance are convenient, civil construction is not required, and preferably, the wind power device 5 is made of a corrosion-resistant material, so that the durability is improved, and the service life of the wind power device is prolonged.
In this embodiment, the water outlet chamber 52 is provided with a water outlet pipe 59, and the water outlet pipe 59 is communicated with the tunnel drainage ditch to discharge water pumped by the wind power device to the tunnel drainage ditch.
In this embodiment, drain pipe 6's lift is less than the water column height that construction site atmospheric pressure corresponds, drain pipe 6 is the PU pipe, and drain pipe 6 diameter is greater than or equal to 4mm, partly the laying of drain pipe 6 is in drilling 2, another part of drain pipe 6 is fixed on 1 inner wall in tunnel.
In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the drilling hole 2 is 10-30 °, the diameter of the drilling hole 2 is greater than or equal to 70mm, and the depth of the drilling hole 2 is greater than the height of the water column corresponding to the atmospheric pressure in the tunnel. The bore hole 2 is driven directly into the karst development zone 7 of the tunnel, as shown in figure 1; or the borehole 2 is not driven into the karst development zone 7 of the tunnel but is located adjacent to the karst development zone 7, as shown in figure 2.
In this embodiment, the tunnel escape canal is tunnel side ditch 9, just be equipped with water catch bowl 91 in the tunnel side ditch 9, the delivery port of drain pipe and the delivery port of last outlet pipe of wind power device all is located in the water catch bowl.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a tunnel wind power drainage method;
a tunnel wind power drainage method utilizes the tunnel wind power drainage system of embodiment 1 to drain water, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, preliminarily determining a karst development area 7 of the tunnel according to a geological survey result, and drilling downwards inclined drill holes 2 facing the karst development area 7 from the arch wall of the tunnel 1. And if the drill hole can be directly drilled to the karst development area, directly drilling to the karst development area, and if the drill hole can not be directly drilled to the karst development area, drilling to the position near the karst development area as much as possible, so that after the pervious concrete is injected, at least part of the formed drainage network can be positioned in the karst development area, and the underground water of the karst development area is led out.
And step two, placing a multi-nozzle sleeve 3 at the bottom end of the drill hole 2, wherein the multi-nozzle sleeve 3 comprises a grouting hole 31, a plurality of injection holes 32 and movable sleeves 33, all the injection holes 32 are annularly arranged along the multi-nozzle sleeve 3, the movable sleeves are respectively connected with the grouting hole and a high-pressure pump, and the high-pressure pump is used for injecting permeable concrete 4 into the multi-nozzle sleeve. The permeability coefficient of the pervious concrete 4 is greater than or equal to 0.01m/d, and the pervious concrete is made of aggregate, cement, a reinforcing agent and water. The pervious concrete 4 develops along the weak area of the soil body or rock body, and when stratum rock and soil are fractured, the whole fracture space is filled and solidified to form a spatial high-permeability drainage network.
Step three, after the pervious concrete 4 is injected, the movable sleeve 33 is removed, and the water inlet of the drain pipe 6 is placed at the bottom end of the drill hole 2;
and step four, reversely filling water from the water outlet of the water discharge pipe 6, stopping filling water after all air is discharged, communicating the branch pipe 61 with the water inlet chamber 51 of the wind power device 5, placing the water outlet end of the water discharge pipe 6 into the tunnel drainage ditch, communicating one end of the water outlet pipe 59 with the water outlet chamber 52 of the wind power device 5, and placing the other end of the water outlet pipe 59 into the tunnel drainage ditch. According to the calculated volume of the drain pipe, the amount of water greater than or equal to the volume is injected, so that all the air in the drain pipe can be discharged.
And step five, arranging the wind power device 5 in the arch wall of the tunnel 1, testing wind speed values generated at different positions of a train in the tunnel during operation, determining the position with the maximum wind speed, enabling the fan blades 53 to be located at the position with the maximum wind speed, driving the fan blades 53 to rotate by generated piston wind after the train enters the tunnel, driving the rotating shaft 54 to rotate by the fan blades 53, driving the rotating wheel 55 to move up and down by the rotating shaft 54, driving the piston 56 to move up and down by the rotating wheel 55, and discharging air accumulated in the water discharge pipe 6.
The method comprises drilling downward inclined holes towards karst development region from tunnel arch wall, injecting pervious concrete into tunnel surrounding rock at the bottom of the holes to form drainage network, collecting underground water at the bottom of the holes, then the water inlet of the drain pipe is placed at the bottom end of the drill hole, and the water is reversely filled from the water outlet of the drain pipe to discharge air, the underground water is conveyed to the tunnel drain ditch through the drain pipe by means of siphon action, through the intake chamber intercommunication with bleeder and wind power device, after going to get into the tunnel through the train, the piston wind that produces drives the flabellum and rotates, and wind power device work can be with the air escape of the intraductal accumulation of drainage, prevents that the siphon effect from becoming invalid, adopts this drainage method after, only need once be under construction, just can be during whole tunnel operation, continuously with unnecessary groundwater discharge in the tunnel country rock, the drainage process takes place automatically, does not need the manual maintenance.
When the invention is used, the drained water is gradually concentrated to the vicinity of the water inlet of the drain pipe 6 through the drain network, when the underground water level 8 at the water inlet is increased, the underground water is conveyed to the tunnel side ditch 9 through the drain pipe 6 due to the siphon action until the water level at the water inlet of the drain pipe 6 is equal to the water level at the water outlet of the drain pipe 6, and then the automatic drainage is finished once. The above automatic drainage process will occur many times during the operation of the tunnel. When the train is in the drainage intermittence stage, air in the drainage pipe 6 is gradually accumulated, so that the siphoning effect disappears, after the train runs into the tunnel, the generated piston wind drives the fan blades 53 to rotate, the fan blades 53 drive the rotating shaft 54 to rotate, the rotating shaft 54 drives the rotating wheels 55 to move up and down, the rotating wheels 55 drive the piston 56 to move up and down, and the air accumulated in the drainage pipe 6 is discharged. After the train leaves the tunnel, the fan blades 53 stop rotating, the wind power device 5 stops working, the next train enters the tunnel, the wind power device 5 continues working, the processes are repeated circularly, accumulated air in the drain pipe 6 is continuously discharged, the vacuum degree of the drain pipe 6 is kept, the siphon effect is prevented from losing effectiveness, and redundant underground water in the tunnel surrounding rock is automatically discharged.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A tunnel wind power drainage system is characterized by comprising a drilling hole and a drainage network, wherein the drilling hole is a declination drilling hole which is drilled from a tunnel arch wall to a drainage area, the drainage network is positioned on a soil body or a rock body near the bottom end of the drilling hole, at least part of the drainage network is positioned in the drainage area, the drainage network comprises a plurality of cracks, permeable concrete is filled in each crack, all the cracks are mutually communicated, a drainage pipe is paved in the drilling hole, a water inlet of the drainage pipe is communicated with the drainage network, a water outlet of the drainage pipe is communicated with a tunnel drainage ditch, the water inlet elevation of the drainage pipe is lower than the water outlet elevation, the elevation of the top end of the drilling hole is higher than the water outlet elevation of the drainage pipe, a branch pipe is arranged on a section, close to the water outlet, of the drainage pipe, the tail end of the, the generated piston wind drives the wind power device to work to extract air in the drain pipe.
2. The tunnel wind power drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the wind power device comprises a housing and a driving part, a piston cavity, a water inlet chamber and a water outlet chamber are arranged in the housing, a matched piston is arranged in the piston cavity, a water inlet valve is arranged between the water inlet chamber and the piston cavity, a water outlet valve is arranged between the water outlet chamber and the piston cavity, the water inlet chamber is communicated with the branch pipe, and the driving part drives the piston to reciprocate through natural wind or piston wind in the tunnel.
3. The tunnel wind power drainage system of claim 2, wherein the driving component comprises a rotating shaft arranged on the housing, the rotating shaft is provided with an eccentric section, the eccentric section is positioned below the piston and is parallel and deviated relative to the axis of the rotating shaft, the eccentric section is provided with a rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is rotatably connected with the piston, one end of the rotating shaft extending out of the housing is connected with a fan blade, and the fan blade faces the train track.
4. The tunnel wind-powered drainage system of claim 3, wherein the inlet valves and outlet valves are one-way valves.
5. The tunnel wind-powered drainage system of claim 4, wherein the outlet chamber is provided with an outlet pipe, the outlet pipe being in communication with a tunnel drain.
6. A tunnel wind power drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lift of the drainage pipe is less than the height of the water column corresponding to the atmospheric pressure of the construction site.
7. A tunnel wind power drainage system according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the angle of inclination of the bore hole is 10 to 30 ° and the bore hole diameter is greater than or equal to 70 mm.
8. A tunnel wind power drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drainage pipe is a PU pipe and has a diameter of 4mm or more.
9. The tunnel wind-powered drainage system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the tunnel drainage ditch is a tunnel side ditch, and a water collection tank is arranged in the tunnel side ditch, and the water outlet of the drainage pipe is positioned in the water collection tank.
10. A tunnel wind power drainage method is characterized in that the tunnel wind power drainage system of claim 5 is used for drainage, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preliminarily determining a drainage area of a tunnel according to a geological survey result, and drilling a downward inclined drill hole facing the drainage area from a tunnel arch wall;
placing a multi-nozzle sleeve at the bottom end of the drilled hole, wherein the multi-nozzle sleeve comprises a grouting hole, a plurality of injection holes and a movable sleeve, the movable sleeve is respectively connected with the grouting hole and a high-pressure pump, and the high-pressure pump is used for injecting pervious concrete into the multi-nozzle sleeve;
step three, after the pervious concrete is injected, the movable sleeve is dismantled, and a water inlet of a drain pipe is placed at the bottom end of the drilled hole;
step four, reversely irrigating water from a water outlet of the water drainage pipe, stopping irrigating water after all air is discharged, communicating the branch pipe with a water inlet chamber of the wind power device, placing a water outlet end of the water drainage pipe into the tunnel drainage ditch, communicating one end of a water outlet pipe with a water outlet chamber of the wind power device, and placing the other end of the water outlet pipe into the tunnel drainage ditch;
and fifthly, arranging the wind power device in the tunnel arch wall, enabling the fan blades to be located at the position with the maximum wind speed, and after the train runs into the tunnel, generating piston wind to drive the fan blades to rotate, wherein the wind power device works to discharge air accumulated in the drainage pipe.
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| CN202010237353.9A CN111425249A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Tunnel wind power drainage system |
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Application publication date: 20200717 |