CN113653531B - Method for dredging low-permeability roof water - Google Patents
Method for dredging low-permeability roof water Download PDFInfo
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- CN113653531B CN113653531B CN202111017975.1A CN202111017975A CN113653531B CN 113653531 B CN113653531 B CN 113653531B CN 202111017975 A CN202111017975 A CN 202111017975A CN 113653531 B CN113653531 B CN 113653531B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
- F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a method for dredging low-permeability roof water; according to the embodiment of the application, by utilizing the good permeability of the water-bearing layer to the gas, air is filled into the micro-pores of the water-bearing layer through the drill holes of the first lane (such as the upper lane) so as to replace underground water in the water-bearing layer, pore water is driven to flow in the direction of low pressure, and finally, the water flows out from the hydrophobic pores with the pressure of 0 in the second lane (such as the lower lane), so that the drainage of roof water is realized; compared with the traditional hydraulic fracturing method, the method can effectively reduce the cost of draining the low-permeability roof water.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a method for draining low-permeability roof water.
Background
Coal mines are areas where mankind is mining coal resources in coal-rich mining areas, and are generally divided into underground coal mines and open pit coal mines; when the coal seam is far away from the ground surface, coal is generally selected to be extracted from an underground excavation roadway, which is an underground coal mine; when the distance between the coal bed and the ground surface is very close, the earth surface soil layer is generally peeled off directly to excavate coal, and the coal is an open pit coal mine; most coal mines in China belong to underground coal mines; coal mines are reasonable spaces that humans excavate when excavating geologic formations rich in coal, and generally include roadways, shaft pits, face formations, and the like.
In the well construction and production process of a mine, the water damage of the mine is one of very important geological disasters, and the normal construction and production of the whole mine can be greatly interfered; the water spraying on the working surface affects the physical health of related workers, and prevents the further improvement of labor productivity; when the water inflow in the whole mine exceeds the drainage capacity of the mine, the whole mine is greatly disturbed, the local roadway is flooded or production is stopped when the water inflow is light, and the whole mine is submerged when the water inflow is heavy.
Taking inner Mongolia and Shaanxi provinces of China as an example, the water damage of the roof of the coal seam of the coal mine is very serious due to the large thickness of the water-bearing layer, and the huge water spraying of the roof of the working face causes the rapid corrosion of large-scale equipment, so that the service life of the large-scale equipment is shortened, the production cost is greatly increased, and the working environment, the occupational health environment and the ground ecological environment are also seriously deteriorated, so that the physical health of workers is greatly threatened.
For a long time, scientific researchers have studied the drainage technology, try to drain the aquifer before stoping, for example, adopt means such as pumping water, so that the working face is little or even no water drenching during stoping, but the permeability of the aquifer is poor, and the technical means have very little effect; during the stoping period of roof water which is difficult to drain in advance, the permeability coefficient is greatly increased due to mining deformation and damage, so that the roof water on the working surface is continuously changed like heavy rain; if the hydraulic fracturing method is adopted, although a better effect can be obtained, the cost is too high, and common enterprises cannot bear the hydraulic fracturing method; in view of this, there is a need for a low cost method of draining low permeability roof water.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method for draining low-permeability roof water, which at least solves the problems of low efficiency of the traditional draining method and the high cost technology for draining the low-permeability roof water by a hydraulic fracturing method.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for draining low-permeability roof water, which comprises the following steps:
drilling construction on a first roadway roof aquifer of a working face;
drilling a construction water hole (also called a drainage hole) in a second roadway roof aquifer of the working face;
inflating the drilled and constructed inflation hole to enable water of the aquifer to be discharged from a construction water hole of the aquifer of the second port roof;
wherein,
if the working surface is an obliquely arranged working surface, the first lane and the second lane are an upper lane and a lower lane respectively.
According to the embodiment of the application, the air is filled into the micro-pores of the aquifer by utilizing the good permeability of the aquifer to the gas so as to replace underground water in the aquifer, pore water is driven to flow in a direction with low pressure, and finally the water flows out of the hydrophobic pores with the pressure of 0 in a second lane (a lower lane), so that the drainage of roof water is realized; compared with the traditional drainage method, the hydraulic fracturing method can effectively improve the working efficiency, and can effectively reduce the cost of draining the low-permeability roof water, in particular:
due to the poor permeability of the aquifer, the traditional drainage is Kong Shuiliang small, and the drainage efficiency is low; the traditional hydraulic fracturing method is to pump the mixed solution of water, sand and chemical reagent into the rock in the depth of the stratum, so that a large amount of water resources, chemical reagent and the like are consumed, and the chemical reagent and the water are replaced by air, so that the cost of draining the low-permeability roof water is reduced; in addition, because sand is not needed to pass through the embodiment of the application, the cost of manpower and material resources is saved.
As an alternative implementation mode, the hole distance of the air charging hole is determined by analyzing the lithology of the roof aquifer of the roadway and measuring the water inflow of the roof aquifer in a segmented mode.
According to the embodiment of the application, the lithology of the roadway roof aquifer and the water inflow of the roof aquifer are analyzed in a segmented mode, so that the basis is that if the particles of the roof sandstone aquifer are coarse or the water inflow is large, the set interval between the inflation holes is large; otherwise, the water is smaller, so that the efficiency of the subsequent drainage of the low-permeability roof water is improved.
As an alternative embodiment, the pitch of the inflation holes further comprises a step of determining the inflation hole pitch based on the speed of advancement through the working surface.
According to the embodiment of the application, the pushing speed of the working face is used as a basis, namely if the pushing speed of the working face is higher, the distance between the air charging holes is smaller, otherwise, the distance is larger, and therefore the efficiency and the safety of the follow-up dredging of the low-permeability roof water are improved.
As an alternative embodiment, the air pressure for inflating the inflation holes needs to be greater than the water pressure of the aquifer.
As an alternative embodiment, the air pressure for inflating the inflation port is greater than 1.5 times the water pressure of the aquifer.
The principle is the same as that of the related description that the air pressure of the air inflation hole is larger than the water pressure of the water-bearing layer, and the description is not repeated here.
As an alternative embodiment, the inflation of the inflation holes is performed by means of a pressure device.
As an alternative embodiment, the pressure device is connected to the inflation port via a sealing capsule.
According to the embodiment of the application, the hole sealing capsule is arranged to prevent the inflated body from leaking out from the hole opening of the inflation hole, so that the inflated body can fully enter the aquifer, underground water existing in the hole and the crack of the aquifer is expelled to flow to the drainage hole of the lower lane, and further the efficiency of the drainage water is prevented from being influenced due to air leakage (discharging).
As an alternative embodiment, the pressure device comprises:
one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the hole sealing capsule;
the supercharging air pump is connected with the end part of the other end of the air inlet pipe;
one end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the hole sealing capsule;
and the booster water pump is connected with the other end of the water.
According to the embodiment of the application, the air inlet pipe and the pressurizing air pump are arranged to pressurize and inflate the inflation hole, so that water passing through the aquifer is discharged (dredged) from the drainage hole; through setting up inlet tube and booster pump to make its inflation with hole sealing capsule utilization water pressure, thereby play sealed inflation hole's effect, and then expel the groundwater that is assigned in aquifer hole and crack and flow down the lane hydrophobic hole effectively, prevent to influence the efficiency of dredging water because of gas leakage (unloading).
As an alternative embodiment, the number of the air charging holes is more than 2, and each air charging hole is arranged at intervals;
the more than 2 air charging holes are correspondingly connected with one end parts of more than 2 air inlet pipes and more than 2 water inlet pipes respectively, and the other end parts of the more than 2 air inlet pipes and the more than 2 water inlet pipes are connected with a supercharging air pump and a supercharging water pump respectively through a first multi-pass device and a second multi-pass device;
the other end parts of the more than 2 air inlet pipes and the more than 2 water inlet pipes are respectively connected with the first multi-pass device and the second multi-pass device through corresponding more than 2 valves.
According to the embodiment of the application, more than 2 air charging holes are arranged, so that the water drainage efficiency is improved; the arrangement of the air charging holes at intervals enlarges the range of the water to be discharged, thereby improving the efficiency of the water to be discharged; the first multipass device and the second multipass device are arranged to reduce the quantity of the booster air pumps and the booster water pumps, so that more than 2 air inflation holes can be inflated through 1 booster air pump and 1 booster water pump, and the cost of water drainage is saved; in addition, the independent control of the air pressure of the air charging hole is realized by arranging more than 2 valves, so that the regulation (transfer) of the air pressure is realized by using the valves, namely, the manual pressurization or pressure relief is realized by arranging the valves.
As an alternative embodiment, the first multiplexer is a gas distributor.
According to the embodiment of the application, the first multi-way device is arranged as the gas distributor, so that people can freely and dynamically adjust the flow of the multi-way output gas.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly describe the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some implementations of the embodiments of the present application, and it is also possible for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings according to these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for draining low-permeability top water according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure device, a first multiplexer, a second multiplexer, and a valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a first lane;
2. a second lane;
3. a top plate;
4. an air filling hole;
5. a hydrophobic hole;
6. sealing the hole capsule;
7. a pressure device; 71. an air inlet pipe; 72. a booster air pump; 73. a water inlet pipe; 74. a booster water pump;
8. a first multipass;
9. a second multipass;
10. a valve;
11. a water-resistant layer;
12. an aquifer;
13. and (3) a coal seam.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the embodiments of the present application, are within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," etc. indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
As used herein, the terms water injection pressurization hose and air charge pressurization hose refer to the water inlet pipe and air inlet pipe, respectively.
In the traditional technology, the water damage of the roof of the coal seam of the coal mine is very serious due to the large thickness of the water-bearing layer, and taking inner mongolia and Shaanxi provinces of China as examples, the huge water spraying of the roof of the working face not only causes the rapid corrosion of large-scale equipment, so that the service life of the large-scale equipment is shortened, the production cost is greatly increased, and the working environment, the occupational health environment and the ground ecological environment are also seriously deteriorated, thereby greatly threatening the physical health of staff.
For a long time, scientific researchers have studied the drainage technology, try to drain the aquifer before stoping, for example, adopt means such as pumping water, so that the working face is little or even no water drenching during stoping, but the permeability of the aquifer is poor, and the technical means have very little effect; roof water which is difficult to drain in advance, and during stoping, the permeability coefficient is greatly increased due to mining deformation and damage, so that the roof water on the working surface is continuously kept as in heavy rain; if the hydraulic fracturing method is adopted, although a better effect can be obtained, the cost is too high, and common enterprises cannot bear the hydraulic fracturing method;
in view of this, there is a need for a low cost method of draining low permeability roof water.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present embodiment provides a method for draining low-permeability roof water, by using the good permeability of the aquifer 12 to gas, filling air into the micro-pores of the aquifer 12 to replace the groundwater therein, and driving the pore water to flow in a direction of low pressure, and finally flowing out in the hydrophobic hole 5 with the pressure of 0 in the second lane 2 (such as the following lane) (the pressure of 0 is merely for the people skilled in the art to understand the present embodiment, and not by way of limitation), thereby realizing draining roof water; compared with the traditional dewatering method, the dewatering efficiency can be obviously improved, and compared with the hydraulic fracturing method, the cost for dewatering the low-permeability roof water can be effectively reduced, so that the technology with high cost for dewatering the low-permeability roof water by the traditional hydraulic fracturing method is at least solved.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present application, a working surface of an inner mongolia mine will be still taken as an example for explanation, and the water-resisting layer 11 and the coal seam 13 are also schematically shown in the drawings; specifically, the old near-line lignite is mined in the coal mine, the thickness of the coal seam 13 is 6m, the inclination angle is about 5 degrees, the coal seam is towards a longwall type arrangement working face, the old near-line lignite is mined by a comprehensive roof caving method, and the roof 3 is managed in a free-falling mode; the coal seam roof 3 is an ancient near-series fine-grained sandstone aquifer 12, the thickness is 80m, the permeability coefficient is 0.0095, and the water pressure is 2MPa; in the past, the working face adopts an advanced drainage method to treat water damage, the average water inflow of a single hole is 0.85m < 3 >/d (d is day), and the water inflow is very small; during the stoping, the tunnel face top plate 3 is very much sprayed with water, and the average water is about 400m3/h (h refers to a hour), so that the working environment is bad; the method of the embodiment of the application is adopted to treat the water damage of the working surface, wherein the working surface is an obliquely arranged working surface.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a method of draining low permeability roof water according to an embodiment of the present application includes drilling an aeration hole 4 in an aquifer 12 of a roof 3 of a first lane 1 of a working surface; drilling a drainage hole 5 in an aquifer 12 of a top plate 3 of a second lane 2 of the working surface; inflating the inflation holes 4 to drain water from the hydrophobic holes 5 through the aquifer; if the working surface is an inclined working surface, the first lane 1 and the second lane 2 are an upper lane and a lower lane respectively.
For example, during roadway driving of the working face, hydrogeological observation of the working face finds that the lithology of the top plate 3 is 15m outwards from the tangential eye, the water spraying amount of the top plate 3 per 10m in the middle-grain sandstone section can be 1.5h, the lithology of the top plate 3 of other areas is fine-grain sandstone, and the water inflow amount per 10m can be 0.1m < 3 >/h; accordingly, the arrangement scheme of the air charging holes 4 is formulated as follows: the upper lane inflation hole 4 is numbered from the start of cutting: c1 C2, … …, cn; similarly, the numbers of the hydrophobic holes 5 corresponding to the lower lane are S1, S2, … … and Sn; the distance between the C1 air charging holes 4 and the inner wall of the cutting hole can be 20m, the distance between the C1 air charging holes 4 and the C2 air charging holes 4 can be 80m, and the hole distance between other air charging holes 4 can be 50m; correspondingly, the distance between the S1 hydrophobic holes 5 and the cutting holes can be 20m, the distance between the S1 and the S2 hydrophobic holes 5 can be 80m, and the distance between the other hydrophobic holes 5 can be 50m.
Constructing a huge-thickness hypotonic aquifer 12 of a top plate 3 from a cutting hole to a working surface, and drilling a plurality of air charging holes 4 for air charging according to the determined air charging hole 4 spacing; the air charging hole 4 can point to the inner side of the working surface, the inclination angle can be 45-60 degrees, and the final hole can be positioned at the top interface of the water-bearing layer 12; constructing a huge-thickness hypotonic aquifer 12 of the top plate 3 from the hole cutting at the same interval of the drainage holes 5 in the lower lane, wherein a plurality of drainage holes 5 are used for drainage; the air charging hole 4 can point to the working surface, the inclination angle can be 60-75 degrees, and the final hole can be positioned at the top interface of the aquifer 12;
wherein the air pressure for inflating the inflation hole 4 is larger than the water pressure of the aquifer 12; specifically, the air pressure for inflating the inflation port 4 may be 1.5 times or more the water pressure of the aquifer 12, and in other examples, 1.5 times or 1.8 times the water pressure, as long as the corresponding function/action/effect is achieved.
According to the embodiment of the application, air is filled into the micro-pores of the aquifer 12 by utilizing the good permeability of the aquifer 12 to gas so as to replace underground water in the aquifer 12, pore water is driven to flow in a direction with low pressure, and finally the pore water flows out of the hydrophobic holes 5 with the pressure of 0 in the second lane 2 (the lower lane), so that roof water is discharged; compared with the traditional hydrophobic method, the hydrophobic efficiency is obviously improved, and compared with the hydraulic fracturing method, the cost of draining the low-permeability roof water can be effectively reduced, and specifically:
because the hydraulic fracturing method is usually to pump the mixed solution of water, sand and chemical reagent into the rock in the depth of the stratum, a large amount of water resources, chemical reagent and the like are required to be consumed, and the chemical reagent and the water are replaced by air, so that the cost of dredging the low-permeability roof water is reduced; in addition, because sand is not needed to pass through the embodiment of the application, the cost of manpower and material resources is saved.
In addition, the lithology of the aquifer 12 of the roadway roof 3 is analyzed, and the water inflow of the aquifer 12 of the roof 3 is measured in a segmented manner, so that the set interval of the air charging holes 4 is larger if the particles of the sandstone aquifer 12 of the roof 3 are coarse or the water inflow is large; otherwise, the water is smaller, so that the efficiency of the subsequent drainage of the low-permeability roof water is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, the inflation of the inflation port 4 according to the embodiment of the present application may be performed by the pressure device 7; the pressure device 7 is connected with the inflation hole 4 through the hole sealing capsule 6; the pressure device 7 may include an intake pipe 71, a booster air pump 72, a water inlet pipe 73, and a booster water pump 74, the booster air pump 72 being connected to the other end of the intake pipe 71; one end of the water inlet pipe 73 is connected with the hole sealing capsule 6;
for example, a hose may be used to connect with the air inlet of the booster air pump 72 at a roadway distance of 100m from the cut-out; the air outlet of the booster air pump 72 can be connected with a four-way (also called a four-way shunt) by a high-pressure hose or a hard tube; a booster pump 74 may be placed on the side immediately adjacent to the booster pump 72; a 1in tap can be installed on the existing water pipe in the roadway near the booster water pump 74; the faucet may be used to fill the booster pump 74 until full.
According to the embodiment of the application, the hole sealing capsule 6 is arranged to prevent the gas to be filled from leaking out from the orifice of the gas filling hole 4, so that the gas to be filled can fully enter the water-bearing layer 12, the underground water in the pores and cracks of the water-bearing layer 12 is expelled to flow to the drainage hole 5 of the lower lane, and the efficiency of the drainage water is prevented from being influenced due to gas leakage (discharging).
In addition, in the embodiment of the application, the air inlet pipe 71 and the pressurizing air pump 72 are arranged to pressurize and inflate the inflating hole 4, so that water of the aquifer is discharged through the hydrophobic hole 5; through setting up inlet tube 73 and booster pump 74 to make it swell with hole sealing capsule 6 utilizing water pressure, thereby play sealed gas filling hole 4's effect, and then expel the groundwater that exists in aquifer 12 hole and crack and flow down the lane hydrophobic hole 5, prevent to influence the efficiency of dredging water because of the gas leakage (unloading).
With continued reference to fig. 2, the number of inflation holes 4 in the embodiments of the present application may be more than 2, and each inflation hole 4 is disposed at a distance from each other; the more than 2 air charging holes 4 are correspondingly connected with one end parts of more than 2 air inlet pipes 71 and more than 2 water inlet pipes 73 respectively, and the other end parts of the more than 2 air inlet pipes 71 and the more than 2 water inlet pipes 73 are connected with a booster air pump 72 and a booster water pump 74 respectively through a first multi-way device 8 and a second multi-way device 9; the other end parts of the more than 2 air inlet pipes 71 and the more than 2 water inlet pipes 73 are respectively connected with the first multipass device 8 and the second multipass device 9 through the corresponding more than 2 valves 10.
According to the embodiment of the application, more than 2 air charging holes 4 are arranged, so that the water drainage efficiency is improved; the arrangement of the air charging holes 4 at intervals enlarges the range of the water to be discharged, thereby improving the efficiency of the water to be discharged; the first multipass device 8 and the second multipass device 9 are arranged to reduce the number of the booster air pumps 72 and the booster water pumps 74, so that more than 2 air inflation holes 4 can be inflated through 1 booster air pump 72 and 1 booster water pump 74, and the cost of dredging water is further saved; in addition, by arranging more than 2 valves 10, the independent control of the air pressure of the air charging hole 4 is realized, so that the adjustment (transfer) of the air pressure is realized by using the valves 10, namely, the valves 10 are arranged to play a role in manual pressurization or pressure relief.
For example, the following operations may be performed:
in the upper lane, hole sealing capsules 6 are installed in C1 to C4 of the air charging holes 4 by drill rods with the diameter of 42mm, the installation depth is 10m, one end of a water injection pressurizing hose (with the inner diameter of about 5-10 mm) which is long enough is connected with the hole sealing capsules 6, and the other end of the water injection pressurizing hose is connected with a four-way joint at the outlet of a pressurizing water pump 74, so that a complete water flow system for pressurizing and filling the hole sealing capsules 6 is formed; meanwhile, one end of a long enough air charging pressurizing hose with the diameter of 25mm is connected with the pressurizing air pump 72, and the other end of the long enough air charging hose is connected with the tail end of a drill rod of the air charging hole 4, so that a complete air charging system is formed;
starting a booster pump 74 to boost the pressure of the hole sealing capsules 6 until the pressure of the hole sealing capsules 6 of each air filling hole 4 reaches 5MPa, and maintaining the pressure; if the water level of the water tank of the booster water pump 74 is too low, water should be timely supplemented.
Opening the valve 10 to supply air to the booster air pump 72; starting the gas pressurizing pump 72, and inflating the installed inflation hole 4 at a pressure of 3MPa through the four-way valve; when the air is inflated for a certain time, the flow of the drainage holes 5 of the lower roadway is gradually increased, and the effect of inflation drainage is shown;
it should be noted that the water inflow of other open aeration holes 4 in the upper lane may be increased, which is a normal phenomenon; if the leakage gradually occurs, the sealing capsule 6 is used for sealing; if the air pressure of the air charging hole is not up to the preset requirement, but the flow rate of the water discharging hole 5 is obviously increased, the operation can be continued under the pressure.
If the air pressure of the air charging hole is not up to the preset pressure, and the flow rate of the water discharging hole 5 is not increased significantly, the booster pump needs to be increased until the pressure is reached or the flow rate of the water discharging hole 5 reaches the preset requirement.
After the working face starts to stope, the inflation hole 4C1 near the cut-out cannot work firstly because of physical interference such as construction of the working face; at this point, the inflation of the C1 holes should be stopped; the sequence is as follows: closing an inflation valve 71 of the hole sealing capsule 6, closing a water inlet valve 10 of the hole sealing capsule 6, opening a pressure relief valve 10 of the hole sealing capsule 6 to drain the water pressure of the capsule, contracting the capsule, disassembling a drill rod of the inflation hole 4, and taking out the hole sealing capsule 6; the other air charge holes 4 remain in operation.
And installing a hole sealing capsule 6 in the C4 inflation hole 4, and the method is the same as the above.
The above operation is repeated so that the inflation holes 4 and the booster air pump 72 and the booster water pump 74 roll forward with the advance of the working surface until all the inflation holes 4 in the working surface are inflated.
It should be noted that, for a working face in a horizontal state, where the upper roadway and the lower roadway cannot be divided, a return air roadway can be selected as a roadway of the inflatable hole 4, and a transportation roadway is a roadway of the hydrophobic hole 5; conversely, the embodiments of the present application are not specifically limited thereto.
It should be noted that if the inflation and drain speed does not meet the production requirement, the number of inflation holes 4, the number of inflation pumps, and the pressure of inflation can be increased.
In an alternative example, the first multiplexer 8 may be a gas distributor;
according to the embodiment of the application, the first multipass device 8 is arranged as the gas distributor, so that people can freely and dynamically adjust the flow of the multi-output gas; for example, the gas distributor may be a chinese patent with publication number CN201431859, but may be any other suitable type.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. A method of draining low permeability roof water comprising:
drilling an air filling hole (4) in a roof water-bearing layer (12) of a first lane (1) of a working surface;
drilling a hydrophobic hole (5) in a roof aquifer (12) of a second lane (2) of the working surface;
inflating the inflation holes (4) to expel water through the hydrophobic holes (5);
wherein,
if the working surface is an obliquely arranged working surface, the first lane (1) and the second lane (2) are an upper lane and a lower lane respectively;
constructing a roof aquifer (12) from a cutting hole on the upper roadway according to the determined spacing between the air charging holes (4), and drilling a plurality of air charging holes for air charging; the air charging hole (4) points to the inner side of the working surface, the inclination angle of the air charging hole (4) is 45-60 degrees, and the final hole is positioned at the top interface of the roof aquifer (12); constructing the lower roadway from a cutting hole to the roof water-bearing layer (12) at the same interval of the water-repellent holes (5), wherein a plurality of the water-repellent holes (5) are used for water repellency; the air charging hole (4) points to the working surface, the inclination angle of the air charging hole (4) is 60-75 degrees, and the final hole is positioned at the top interface of the roof aquifer (12);
the hole distance of the air charging hole (4) is determined by analyzing lithology of the roadway roof aquifer (12) and measuring water inflow of the roof aquifer (12) in a sectional manner; the pitch of the air charging holes (4) is determined by taking the advancing speed of the working surface as a basis;
the air pressure of the air inflation hole (4) is larger than the water pressure of the water-bearing layer (12); the inflation of the inflation holes (4) is performed by a pressure device (7); the pressure device (7) is connected with the air charging hole (4) through a hole sealing capsule (6);
the pressure device (7) comprises:
an air inlet pipe (71), one end of which is communicated with the hole sealing capsule (6);
a supercharging air pump (72) connected with the other end of the air inlet pipe (71);
a water inlet pipe (73), one end of which is connected with the hole sealing capsule (6);
a booster water pump (74); is connected with the other end of the air inlet pipe (71).
2. The method of draining low permeability roof water according to claim 1, characterized in that the air pressure of the air filling hole (4) is not less than 1.5 times the water pressure of the aquifer (12).
3. The method of draining low permeability roof water according to claim 1, wherein the number of said aeration holes (4) is more than 2, each of said aeration holes (4) being spaced apart;
the more than 2 air charging holes (4) are correspondingly connected with one end parts of more than 2 air inlet pipes (71) and more than 2 water inlet pipes (73) respectively, and the other end parts of the more than 2 air inlet pipes (71) and the more than 2 water inlet pipes (73) are connected with the booster air pump (72) and the booster water pump (74) respectively through a first multi-way device (8) and a second multi-way device (9);
the other end parts of the air inlet pipe (71) and the water inlet pipe (73) are respectively connected with the first multi-way device (8) and the second multi-way device (9) through corresponding valves (10).
4. A method of draining low permeability roof water according to claim 3, wherein the first multiplexer (8) is a gas distributor.
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| CN114467704B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-09-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Near-surface soil sequence reconstruction strip mine waste dump and deep water replenishing method thereof |
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