CN104747075A - Anti-collapsing drilling method for grout spraying of soft coal seam - Google Patents
Anti-collapsing drilling method for grout spraying of soft coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
Abstract
An anti-collapsing drilling method for grout spraying of a soft coal seam includes the following steps that first, an anti-collapsing drilling device for grout spraying of the soft coal seam is machined and tested; second, technological parameters of the anti-collapsing drilling device for grout spraying are designed; third, hole reinforcing grout is prepared, and the solidification property of the grout is tested; fourth, the anti-collapsing drilling device for grout spraying of the soft coal seam is installed; fifth, anti-collapsing drilling for grout spraying is performed; sixth, drilling stops till the designed depth is achieved, clean water is used for cleaning a grout spraying pipeline and a spray nozzle, and a drill stem and a drill bit are withdrawn. Due to the adoption of the method, the efficiency for drilling bedding holes in the soft coal seam is substantially improved, the hole forming rate for drilling holes in 100 meters is substantially increased, and time for drilling the bedding holes in the soft coal seam is shortened; the gas drainage efficiency of the bedding holes in the soft coal seam is substantially improved, and time for gas pre-drainage of the soft coal seam is greatly shortened; the probability that gas exceeds the limit is greatly reduced in the tunneling and stoping period, and valuable time and a safety guarantee are provided for safe and efficient stoping and tunneling of a coal mine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Safety of Coal Mine Production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of weak seam and whitewash anti-collapse drilling method.
Background technology
On October 16th, 2011 is filled (2011) No. 163 with the total coal of safety supervision and is printed and distributed " coal mine gas drainage temporary provisions up to standard " by State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision, the National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Board, national Coal Mine Safety Supervision Bureau and have the mine of one of following situations to carry out gas pumping, and it is up to standard to realize extraction: (one) exploitation has coal and gas prominent dangerous coal seam; (2) coal-face absolute gas emission rates are greater than a 5m/min or driving face absolute gas emission rate and are greater than 3m/min's; (3) mine absolute gas emission rate is more than or equal to 40m/min's; (4) mine annual production is 1.0 ~ 1.5Mt, and its absolute gas emission rate is greater than 30m/min's; (5) mine annual production is 0.6 ~ 1.0Mt, and its absolute gas emission rate is greater than 25m/min's; (6) mine annual production is 0.4 ~ 0.6Mt, and its absolute gas emission rate is greater than 20m/min's; (7) mine annual production is equal to or less than 0.4Mt, and its absolute gas emission rate is greater than 15m/min's.
Because China's tectonic soft coal is widely distributed, gas bearing capacity is higher, needs to carry out region gas pre-drainage during exploitation.Current non-protruding coal-bed gas is taken out in advance and is mainly adopted concordant boring, however when construction concordant hole, tectonic soft coal region easy collapse hole, bit freezing, fall to bore, drilling construction difficulty is comparatively large, and meanwhile, after pore-forming, easy collapse hole blocks, and drill mash gas efficiency is low.For reducing cherry coal collapse hole, mainly at present adopting setting of casing guard aperture technology, just to comprise in pipe-following drilling, drilling rod the technology such as setting of casing.In addition drilling fluid guard aperture technology is also had.These soft seam guard aperture technology existing all have some limitations.
, existing pipe-following drilling guard aperture technology
Pipe-following drilling technology utilizes drill bit to draw the sleeve pipe connected below, and realizing drills synchronously completes setting of casing in process, creeps into and terminates after-contraction drill bit, drill bit and drilling rod are withdrawn from from sleeve pipe.Current pipe-following drilling technology is mainly used in ground surface works geology field broken ground and creeps into application, and creeps into field mainly theoretical research at cherry coal, and down-hole practical implementation is less.The subject matter existed in down-hole application is that hole drilling deslagging space is little, sleeve pipe easily by locking, be difficult to realize omnidistance setting of casing guard aperture, major diameter sleeve pipe cost is higher simultaneously.
, setting of casing guard aperture technology in drilling rod
In drilling rod setting of casing guard aperture technology utilize middle part can open drill bit and comparatively large diameter drilling rod creep into, terminate recession drill bit and a bit of distance of drilling rod, small diameter sleeve pipe inserted in drilling rod and drill bit in boring and fix, then drill bit and drilling rod are withdrawn from boring.In drilling rod, setting of casing guard aperture technology is the collapse hole that can not solve in the process of drilling, bit freezing problem in the subject matter that down-hole application exists, and casing diameter is less simultaneously, and drainage efficient is limited.
, drilling fluid guard aperture technology
Drilling fluid (former title mud) refers to the working fluid used in drilling well.It can be liquid or gas.Therefore, drilling fluid should be called drilling fluid definitely.In drilling process, the cyclic flusher medium used in hole.Also known as drilling fluid.Drilling fluid can be divided into clear water, mud, free clay phase flushing liquor, emulsion, foam and compressed air etc. by constituent.Clear water is the drilling fluid used the earliest, without the need to process, easy to use, the area being applicable to complete rock stratum He having abundant water resources.Mud is widely used drilling fluid, is mainly applicable to the hole wall unstable formations such as loose, cranny development, easily collapsing and breaking, water-swellable peel off.Drilling fluid anti-sloughing hole is mainly used in ground and vertically creeps into, for horizontal well and down-hole horizontal boring anti sloughing effectiveness limited.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve weak point of the prior art, provides a kind of weak seam to whitewash anti-collapse drilling method.The main purpose of the method carries out whitewashing by grouting pump and rig to creep into, a layer concrete and accelerating admixture mixed serum is formed at drill hole wall in drilling process, pulsed water jet interval is injected in drill hole wall slurry layer simultaneously, air-vent is formed in drill hole wall slurry layer, reach the anti-collapse object of boring, reduce the impact on drill hole wall gas permeability simultaneously to greatest extent.The present invention realizes anti-collapse the creeping into of soft seam concordant gas extraction hole, improves drilling efficiency, improves gas drainage under suction efficiency, shortens the gas drainage under suction time, eliminates Gas Disaster to greatest extent.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: weak seam is whitewashed anti-collapse drilling method, comprises the following steps,
(1), processing and test weak seam are whitewashed anti-collapse drilling apparatus;
(2), to whitewash anti-collapse drilling technology parameter designing;
(3), solid hole slurries are prepared, test grout cures performance;
(4), weak seam is installed to whitewash anti-collapse drilling apparatus;
(5), carry out that whitewashing is anti-collapse creeps into;
(6), stop creeping into projected depth, utilize clean water whitewashing pipeline and nozzle, withdraw from rod bit.
Weak seam anti-collapse drilling apparatus of whitewashing adopts three wings alloy bit in described step (1), and chisel edge connects slurry nozzle and pulse jet nozzle; The weak seam drilling rod that anti-collapse drilling apparatus adopts of whitewashing is made up of internal layer drilling rod and outer drilling rod, and internal layer drilling rod adopts sheet steel pipe or plastic pipe; Support chip is adopted to be fixedly connected with between internal layer drilling rod and outer drilling rod; Connection between drilling rod adopts flat linking to connect, and the circular passage formed between outer drilling rod and internal layer drilling rod is for water flowing, deslagging and perforation, and internal layer drilling rod inside is axially arranged with for the slurry channels by concrete and accelerating admixture slurries.
In described step (2), anti-collapse drilling technology parameter of whitewashing mainly comprises slurries initial setting time, grouting pressure, shotcrete thickness, grout cures intensity, jet pressure, perforation diameter, perforation spacing, rate of penetration;
1. the slurries initial setting time
The slurries initial setting time is that concrete and accelerating admixture are mixed to the required time T1 that tentatively condenses, the slurries initial setting time should slightly larger than concrete and accelerating admixture mixed serum flowing time T2 in drilling rod; When grouting pressure is constant, T2 increases along with the increase of drilling depth; For remaining that slightly T1 is greater than T2, progressively should increase grouting pressure, to increase the flow velocity of slurries in drilling rod, T2 keeps stable;
2. grouting pressure
In nozzle diameter one timing, slurries flowing velocity in drilling rod increases with grouting pressure and increases; Along with the increase of run of steel, the lengthening distance of slurries flowing, for keeping stable slurry flowing time in drilling rod, needs progressively to increase grouting pressure;
3. shotcrete thickness
Slurries thickness has considerable influence to the solid hole strength of boring, and different shotcrete thickness has different requirement to drill bit structure and type; When adopting common conjunction three wings gold drill bit to creep into, require that shotcrete thickness is no more than 0.5mm, slurry configurations concentration is less, mainly by infiltrating borehole wall surfaces, by borehole wall surfaces loose coal grain bonding and reinforcement; When the larger shotcrete thickness thickness of employing, when strengthening slurry layer to drill hole wall supporting intensity, need to strengthen concentration of slurry, and adopt collapsible drill bit, drill bit can be withdrawn from boring when grout cures;
4. grout cures intensity
Grout cures intensity comprises initial setting strength and final strength; Slurry layer should have certain initial setting strength, the slag or be caving so that loose coal of holing when can prevent from creeping into stands like a wall; Final strength should be large as far as possible, to strengthen slurry layer as far as possible to drill hole wall later stage, supporting intensity later stage;
5. pulsed is interrupted water jet pressure
Because before slurry layer initial set, intensity is lower, in 3-6MP, low water jet can be interrupted water jet pore-forming in drill hole wall slurry layer pulsed, and simultaneously, low water jet is used for creeping into deslagging;
6. perforation diameter and spacing
Perforation diameter and spacing should be moderate, if perforation diameter is excessive, spacing is too small, then cause slurry layer supporting intensity to decline to a great extent; If perforation diameter is too small, spacing is excessive, then cause boring gas permeability greatly to reduce; The boring of external diameter 75mm, perforation diameter is 3-6mm; Perforation spacing is relevant to rate of penetration and rod rotation speed, and rate of penetration is less, rod rotation speed is larger, and perforation spacing is less, and under the reasonable drilling efficiency condition of maintenance, perforation spacing general control is in 10-20mm scope.
In described step (3), Gu hole slurries adopt concrete slurry, accelerating admixture, the adding proportion of debugging concrete slurry and accelerating admixture, makes to mix rear slurry initial setting time 1-5min, final setting time 5-10min.When spraying thin layer slurries guard aperture, concrete slurry adopts cement grout or the sub-mixed serum of cement fine sand; When spraying thick-layer slurries guard aperture, concrete slurry adopts cement and coarse sand mixed serum.Accelerating admixture adopts sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate aluminate class accelerating admixture, and for wet mixing sprayed mortar guard aperture layer, common dose is generally 2.5% ~ 5.5% of concrete amount.
In described step (4), install rig, drilling rod and drill bit, two joints covered by the rotatory sealing of drilling rod end connect grouting pump and pulsed water pump respectively; In drilling rod connection procedure, needing by twining unsintered tape in internal layer tool joint, strengthening internal layer drilling rod connection sealing.
In described step (5), startup grouting pump and pulsed water pump carry out whitewashing and creep into, and sprayed, form a layer concrete and accelerating admixture slurries at drill hole wall after concrete slurry and accelerating admixture mix in slurries shower nozzle by slurry nozzle; Pulsed jet nozzle on rear side of slurry nozzle, at drill hole wall slurry layer intermittent jet, forms a series of air-vent at drill hole wall.
Adopt technique scheme,
being distinguished as of the present invention and other prior art be close:
1) with the difference of existing pipe-following drilling guard aperture technology
Pipe-following drilling technology utilizes sleeve pipe to carry out omnidistance guard aperture, and the subject matter existed in down-hole application is that hole drilling deslagging space is little, drilling efficiency is low, and sleeve pipe, easily by locking, is difficult to realize omnidistance setting of casing guard aperture, and major diameter sleeve pipe cost is higher simultaneously.Whitewashing is crept into guard aperture technology and can be improved original drilling efficiency and drill mash gas efficiency, and technique is comparatively simple, and cost is lower.
2) with the difference of setting of casing guard aperture technology in drilling rod
In drilling rod, setting of casing guard aperture technology utilizes minor diameter sleeve pipe guard aperture, can not solve the collapse hole in the process of drilling, bit freezing problem, drills can not to carry out with setting of casing simultaneously, and efficiency is low, and casing diameter is less simultaneously, and drainage efficient is limited.It is synchronous that whitewashing creeps into that guard aperture technology realizes drilling with guard aperture, and technique is comparatively simple, and efficiency is high, can improve original drilling efficiency and drill mash gas efficiency simultaneously.
3) with the difference of existing drilling fluid guard aperture technology
Drilling fluid is mainly applicable to the hole wall unstable formations such as loose, cranny development, easily collapsing and breaking, water-swellable peel off.Drilling fluid anti-sloughing hole is mainly used in ground and vertically creeps into, for horizontal well and down-hole horizontal boring anti sloughing effectiveness limited.Whitewashing is crept into guard aperture technology and is realized soft seam horizontal drilling and creep into and guard aperture, and less on the impact of drill hole wall gas permeability, drilling efficiency is high, can improve drill mash gas efficiency.
The present invention carries out whitewashing by grouting pump and rig and creeps into, a layer concrete and accelerating admixture mixed serum is formed at drill hole wall in drilling process, reach the anti-collapse object of boring, pulsed water jet interval is injected in drill hole wall slurry layer simultaneously, form air-vent in drill hole wall slurry layer, reduce slurry layer to greatest extent to the impact of drill hole wall gas permeability.Soft seam concordant hole drilling efficiency of the present invention and gas drainage under suction efficiency high, technique is simple, and cost is low.The present invention realizes anti-collapse the creeping into of soft seam concordant gas extraction hole, improves drilling efficiency, improves gas drainage under suction efficiency, shortens the gas drainage under suction time, eliminates Gas Disaster to greatest extent.The present invention can be widely used in soft seam concordant hole, down-hole and efficiently creep into the efficient extraction with gas.
The present invention can increase soft seam concordant hole drilling efficiency and gas drainage under suction efficiency greatly.Down-hole the results showed, after adopting soft seam whitewashing to creep into guard aperture technology, soft seam concordant hole drilling efficiency improves more than 30%, hundred meters of Completion of Drilling Hole rates improve more than 40%, soft seam concordant hole gas drainage under suction efficiency improves more than 45%, and spent time, manpower and material resources are less than 50% needed for existing setting of casing guard aperture technology, simultaneously also creep into time spent by guard aperture technology, manpower and material resources lower than other soft seam concordant.After adopting soft seam whitewashing to creep into guard aperture technology, soft seam concordant hole drilling efficiency and hundred meters of Completion of Drilling Hole rates significantly improve, and shorten the soft seam concordant hole engineering time; Soft seam concordant hole gas drainage under suction efficiency significantly improves, and greatly reduces the soft seam gas pre-drainage time; The gas exceeding limit probability of driving and stoping period is greatly reduced, for safety of coal mines high winning technology, driving provide quality time and safety guarantee.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in the present invention, weak seam is whitewashed the structural representation of anti-collapse drilling apparatus.
Detailed description of the invention
Weak seam of the present invention is whitewashed anti-collapse drilling method, comprises the following steps:
(1), processing and test weak seam are whitewashed anti-collapse drilling apparatus.
As shown in Figure 1,1 is outer drilling rod, and 2 is intake tunnel, and 3 is tool joint, and 4 is support chip, 5 is internal layer drilling rod, and 6 is slurry channels, and 7 is pulse jet nozzle, and 8 is slurry nozzle, and 9 is deslagging limbers, 10 is drill bit leading portion drill, and 11 is inlet pipe, and 12 is water inlet pipe, and 13 is rotation seal joint.
In drilling process, drilling rod connects inlet pipe 11 and water inlet pipe 12 respectively by rotation seal joint 13, and inlet pipe 11 is connected slush pump and Pulsed Jet Pump respectively with water inlet pipe 12.
Soft seam anti-collapse drilling apparatus of whitewashing adopts three wings alloy bits, and chisel edge connects slurry nozzle 8 and pulse jet nozzle 7; Weak seam whitewash anti-collapse drilling apparatus adopt drilling rod be made up of internal layer drilling rod 5 and outer drilling rod 1, internal layer drilling rod 5 adopts sheet steel pipe or plastic pipe; Support chip 4 is adopted to be fixedly connected with between internal layer drilling rod 5 and outer drilling rod 1; Connection between drilling rod adopts flat linking to connect (tool joint 3), the circular passage formed between outer drilling rod 1 and internal layer drilling rod 5 is used for water flowing, deslagging and perforation (deslagging limbers 9), and internal layer drilling rod 5 inside is axially arranged with for the slurry channels 6 by concrete and accelerating admixture slurries.
(2), to whitewash anti-collapse drilling technology parameter designing
Anti-collapse drilling technology parameter of whitewashing mainly comprises slurries initial setting time, grouting pressure, shotcrete thickness, grout cures intensity, jet pressure, perforation diameter, perforation spacing, rate of penetration.
1. the liquid initial setting time
The liquid initial setting time is that concrete and accelerating admixture are mixed to the required time T1 that tentatively condenses, the initial setting time should slightly larger than concrete and accelerating admixture mixed serum flowing time T2 in drilling rod.When grouting pressure is constant, T2 increases along with the increase of drilling depth, and for remaining that slightly T1 is greater than T2, progressively should increase grouting pressure, to increase the flow velocity of slurries in drilling rod, T2 keeps stable.
2. grouting pressure
In nozzle diameter one timing, slurries flowing velocity in drilling rod increases with grouting pressure and increases.Along with the increase of run of steel, the lengthening distance of slurries flowing, for keeping stable slurry flowing time in drilling rod, needs progressively to increase grouting pressure.
3. shotcrete thickness
Slurries thickness has considerable influence to the solid hole strength of boring, and different shotcrete thickness has different requirement to drill bit structure and type.When adopting common conjunction three wings gold drill bit to creep into, require that shotcrete thickness is no more than 0.5mm, slurry configurations concentration is less, mainly by infiltrating borehole wall surfaces, by borehole wall surfaces loose coal grain bonding and reinforcement.When the larger shotcrete thickness thickness of employing, when strengthening slurry layer to drill hole wall supporting intensity, need to strengthen concentration of slurry, and adopt collapsible drill bit, drill bit can be withdrawn from boring when grout cures.
4. grout cures intensity
Grout cures intensity comprises initial setting strength and final strength.Slurry layer should have certain initial setting strength, the slag or be caving so that loose coal of holing when can prevent from creeping into stands like a wall.Final strength should be large as far as possible, to strengthen slurry layer as far as possible to drill hole wall later stage, supporting intensity later stage.
5. pulsed is interrupted water jet pressure
Because before slurry layer initial set, intensity is lower, in low water jet (3-6MP) water jet pore-forming can be interrupted in drill hole wall slurry layer pulsed, simultaneously, low water jet is used for creeping into deslagging.
6. perforation diameter and spacing
Perforation diameter and spacing should be moderate, if perforation diameter is excessive, spacing is too small, then cause slurry layer supporting intensity to decline to a great extent.If perforation diameter is too small, spacing is excessive, then cause boring gas permeability greatly to reduce.Therefore, the boring of external diameter 75mm, perforation diameter 3-6mm; Perforation spacing is relevant to rate of penetration and rod rotation speed, and rate of penetration is less, rod rotation speed is larger, and perforation spacing is less, and under the reasonable drilling efficiency condition of maintenance, perforation spacing general control is in 10-20mm scope.
(3), solid hole slurries are prepared, test grout cures performance.
Gu hole slurries adopt concrete slurry, accelerating admixture, the adding proportion of debugging concrete slurry and accelerating admixture, makes to mix rear slurry initial setting time 1-5min, final setting time 5-10min.When spraying thin layer slurries guard aperture, concrete slurry adopts cement grout or the sub-mixed serum of cement fine sand; When spraying thick-layer slurries guard aperture, concrete slurry adopts cement and coarse sand mixed serum.Accelerating admixture adopts sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate aluminate class accelerating admixture, and for wet mixing sprayed mortar guard aperture layer, common dose is generally 2.5% ~ 5.5% of concrete amount.
(4), weak seam is installed to whitewash anti-collapse drilling apparatus.
Install grouting pump, pulsed water pump, connecting line, rig, drilling rod and drill bit, connect grouting pump and pulsed water pump by drilling rod end rotation seal joint.In drilling rod connection procedure, needing by twining unsintered tape in internal layer tool joint, strengthening internal layer drilling rod 5 connection sealing.
(5), carry out that whitewashing is anti-collapse creeps into.
Startup grouting pump and pulsed water pump carry out whitewashing and creep into, and sprayed, form a layer concrete and accelerating admixture slurries at drill hole wall after concrete slurry and accelerating admixture mix in slurries shower nozzle by slurry nozzle; Pulsed jet nozzle on rear side of slurry nozzle, at drill hole wall slurry layer intermittent jet, forms a series of air-vent at drill hole wall.
(6), stop creeping into projected depth, utilize clean water whitewashing pipeline and nozzle, withdraw from rod bit.
Above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although with reference to above-described embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can modify to the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. weak seam is whitewashed anti-collapse drilling method, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
(1), processing and test weak seam are whitewashed anti-collapse drilling apparatus;
(2), to whitewash anti-collapse drilling technology parameter designing;
(3), solid hole slurries are prepared, test grout cures performance;
(4), weak seam is installed to whitewash anti-collapse drilling apparatus;
(5), carry out that whitewashing is anti-collapse creeps into;
(6), stop creeping into projected depth, utilize clean water whitewashing pipeline and nozzle, withdraw from rod bit.
2. weak seam according to claim 1 is whitewashed anti-collapse drilling method, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), weak seam anti-collapse drilling apparatus of whitewashing adopts three wings alloy bit, and chisel edge connects slurry nozzle and pulse jet nozzle; The weak seam drilling rod that anti-collapse drilling apparatus adopts of whitewashing is made up of internal layer drilling rod and outer drilling rod, and internal layer drilling rod adopts sheet steel pipe or plastic pipe; Support chip is adopted to be fixedly connected with between internal layer drilling rod and outer drilling rod; Connection between drilling rod adopts flat linking to connect, and the circular passage formed between outer drilling rod and internal layer drilling rod is for water flowing, deslagging and perforation, and internal layer drilling rod inside is axially arranged with for the slurry channels by concrete and accelerating admixture slurries.
3. weak seam according to claim 2 is whitewashed anti-collapse drilling method, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), anti-collapse drilling technology parameter of whitewashing mainly comprises slurries initial setting time, grouting pressure, shotcrete thickness, grout cures intensity, jet pressure, perforation diameter, perforation spacing, rate of penetration;
1. the slurries initial setting time
The slurries initial setting time is that concrete and accelerating admixture are mixed to the required time T1 that tentatively condenses, the slurries initial setting time should slightly larger than concrete and accelerating admixture mixed serum flowing time T2 in drilling rod; When grouting pressure is constant, T2 increases along with the increase of drilling depth; For remaining that slightly T1 is greater than T2, progressively should increase grouting pressure, to increase the flow velocity of slurries in drilling rod, T2 keeps stable;
2. grouting pressure
In nozzle diameter one timing, slurries flowing velocity in drilling rod increases with grouting pressure and increases; Along with the increase of run of steel, the lengthening distance of slurries flowing, for keeping stable slurry flowing time in drilling rod, needs progressively to increase grouting pressure;
3. shotcrete thickness
Slurries thickness has considerable influence to the solid hole strength of boring, and different shotcrete thickness has different requirement to drill bit structure and type; When adopting common conjunction three wings gold drill bit to creep into, require that shotcrete thickness is no more than 0.5mm, slurry configurations concentration is less, mainly by infiltrating borehole wall surfaces, by borehole wall surfaces loose coal grain bonding and reinforcement; When the larger shotcrete thickness thickness of employing, when strengthening slurry layer to drill hole wall supporting intensity, need to strengthen concentration of slurry, and adopt collapsible drill bit, drill bit can be withdrawn from boring when grout cures;
4. grout cures intensity
Grout cures intensity comprises initial setting strength and final strength; Slurry layer should have certain initial setting strength, the slag or be caving so that loose coal of holing when can prevent from creeping into stands like a wall; Final strength should be large as far as possible, to strengthen slurry layer as far as possible to drill hole wall later stage, supporting intensity later stage;
5. pulsed is interrupted water jet pressure
Because before slurry layer initial set, intensity is lower, in 3-6MP, low water jet can be interrupted water jet pore-forming in drill hole wall slurry layer pulsed, and simultaneously, low water jet is used for creeping into deslagging;
6. perforation diameter and spacing
Perforation diameter and spacing should be moderate, if perforation diameter is excessive, spacing is too small, then cause slurry layer supporting intensity to decline to a great extent; If perforation diameter is too small, spacing is excessive, then cause boring gas permeability greatly to reduce; The boring of external diameter 75mm, perforation diameter is 3-6mm; Perforation spacing is relevant to rate of penetration and rod rotation speed, and rate of penetration is less, rod rotation speed is larger, and perforation spacing is less, and under the reasonable drilling efficiency condition of maintenance, perforation spacing general control is in 10-20mm scope.
4. the weak seam according to Claims 2 or 3 is whitewashed anti-collapse drilling method, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), Gu hole slurries adopt concrete slurry, accelerating admixture, the adding proportion of debugging concrete slurry and accelerating admixture, make to mix rear slurry initial setting time 1-5min, final setting time 5-10min.
5. when spraying thin layer slurries guard aperture, concrete slurry adopts cement grout or the sub-mixed serum of cement fine sand; When spraying thick-layer slurries guard aperture, concrete slurry adopts cement and coarse sand mixed serum.
6. accelerating admixture adopts sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate aluminate class accelerating admixture, and for wet mixing sprayed mortar guard aperture layer, common dose is generally 2.5% ~ 5.5% of concrete amount.
7. weak seam according to claim 4 is whitewashed anti-collapse drilling method, and it is characterized in that: in described step (4), install rig, drilling rod and drill bit, two joints covered by the rotatory sealing of drilling rod end connect grouting pump and pulsed water pump respectively; In drilling rod connection procedure, needing by twining unsintered tape in internal layer tool joint, strengthening internal layer drilling rod connection sealing.
8. weak seam according to claim 5 is whitewashed anti-collapse drilling method, it is characterized in that: in described step (5), startup grouting pump and pulsed water pump carry out whitewashing and creep into, sprayed by slurry nozzle after concrete slurry and accelerating admixture mix in slurries shower nozzle, form a layer concrete and accelerating admixture slurries at drill hole wall; Pulsed jet nozzle on rear side of slurry nozzle, at drill hole wall slurry layer intermittent jet, forms a series of air-vent at drill hole wall.
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