CN111423270A - Base fertilizer for pasture planting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Base fertilizer for pasture planting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111423270A CN111423270A CN202010219507.1A CN202010219507A CN111423270A CN 111423270 A CN111423270 A CN 111423270A CN 202010219507 A CN202010219507 A CN 202010219507A CN 111423270 A CN111423270 A CN 111423270A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and discloses a base fertilizer for pasture planting and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting comprises the following steps: selecting plant ash, farmyard manure, quicklime, wheat straw, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and adhesive as raw materials; respectively treating wheat straws, plant ash and farmyard manure, and then mixing the wheat straws, the plant ash and the farmyard manure to obtain a blend A; adding a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and quicklime into the blend A, stirring, adding an adhesive into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain a blend B; passing the blend B through a granulator to obtain a granular fertilizer; and drying the granular fertilizer to obtain base fertilizer granules. The base fertilizer disclosed by the invention is convenient in raw material acquisition, low in preparation cost and small in chemical component addition amount, can realize soil fertility maintenance and is beneficial to sustainable development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a base fertilizer for pasture planting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Pasture currently refers to grass or other herbaceous plants that are consumed by the feeding livestock. The pasture has strong regeneration capacity, can be harvested for many times in one year, and is rich in various trace elements and vitamins, so the pasture becomes the first choice for raising livestock. During the growth of the pasture, a large amount of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and other elements are needed, and meanwhile, trace elements such as boron, manganese, iron, zinc, molybdenum and the like are needed. The nutrient elements absorbed by the pasture from the soil can not meet the growth requirement of the pasture, and the nutrient requirement of the growth and development of the pasture can be met only by scientific fertilization. However, the currently used pasture fertilizer has the problem of large addition of chemical substances, which affects the soil fertility and reduces the regeneration capacity of pasture.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the currently used forage fertilizer has the problem of large addition of chemical substances, influences the soil fertility and reduces the regeneration capacity of the forage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a base fertilizer for pasture planting and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized in such a way that the preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials: selecting plant ash, farmyard manure, quicklime, wheat straw, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and adhesive as raw materials;
step two, respectively treating the wheat straws, the plant ash and the farmyard manure, and then mixing the wheat straws, the plant ash and the farmyard manure to obtain a blend A;
adding a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and quicklime into the blend A, stirring, adding an adhesive into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain a blend B;
step four, the blend B is processed by a granulator to obtain granular fertilizer;
and step five, drying the granular fertilizer to obtain base fertilizer granules.
Further, the preparation method of the blend A comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the wheat straws, crushing and sieving to obtain wheat straw powder with the particle size of less than 1 mm;
(2) placing the plant ash in a stirrer, adding purified water, stirring, standing, filtering, and removing upper-layer impurities to obtain a plant ash solution;
(3) mixing the plant ash solution and the wheat straw powder, and uniformly stirring by a stirrer;
(4) after completely decomposing the farmyard manure, introducing the farmyard manure into liquid which is uniformly stirred;
(5) stirring is continued until the mixture is pasty, and the stirring is stopped, so that the blend is obtained.
Further, the complete decomposition of the farmyard manure comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing carbendazim powder and purified water according to the mass ratio of 1:600 to obtain a carbendazim aqueous solution;
(2) uniformly spraying the carbendazim aqueous solution on the surface of the farmyard manure, and uniformly stirring;
(3) piling the farmyard manure, wherein the piling width is 1m and the height is 0.6 m; after the building pile is built, the slurry is smeared and covered tightly, and farmyard manure fermentation is carried out.
Further, the method for fermenting the farmyard manure comprises the following steps:
step 1), fermenting for 4 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃, and then fermenting for 10 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃; stirring the materials in the fermentation tank once every 2 days during the fermentation period;
step 2), after fermenting for 14 days, turning and throwing, and building and smearing again;
and 3) repeating the step 1) once, and obtaining completely decomposed farmyard manure after 14 days.
Further, the preparation of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer comprises the following specific steps:
1) placing excessive sulfuric acid and potassium chloride in a reaction kettle, and reacting to generate potassium bisulfate slurry containing excessive sulfuric acid;
2) mixing potassium bisulfate slurry containing excessive sulfuric acid with monoammonium phosphate solution;
3) adding the potassium bisulfate slurry, the monoammonium phosphate solution and the synthetic ammonia into a reactor together, and generating compound fertilizer slurry containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium under the condition of temperature rise;
4) mixing the compound fertilizer slurry containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium obtained in the step 3) with a solution of nitric acid and water, adding the mixture into a granulator, and granulating under the condition of heating to obtain compound fertilizer granules containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Further, the temperature conditions of the reaction of the sulfuric acid and the potassium chloride in the reaction kettle are as follows: 80-130 ℃; the sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of over 90 percent.
Further, the mass mixing ratio of the potassium bisulfate slurry to the monoammonium phosphate solution to the synthetic ammonia is 2.4-2.5: 1.
Further, the preparation method of the granular fertilizer in the fifth step comprises the following steps:
(1) pouring the mixture into a drum granulator;
(2) pre-drying the mixture in a rotary drum granulator at 30 deg.C for 10 min;
(3) the temperature is lowered to room temperature and the mixture is cooled to produce a granular fertilizer.
Further, the method for drying the granular fertilizer comprises the following steps:
putting the granular fertilizer into a dryer, and drying for 2 hours at 40 ℃;
stirring the granular fertilizer during drying;
the granulated fertilizer was taken out, laid flat and air-dried at room temperature for 24 hours.
The invention also aims to provide a base fertilizer for pasture planting, which specifically comprises the following components:
8-10 parts of plant ash, 7-8 parts of completely decomposed farmyard manure, 2-3 parts of quicklime, 2-3 parts of wheat straw, 1-2 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 1-2 parts of adhesive.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the wheat straw, the plant ash, the farmyard manure and the quicklime added into the base fertilizer have wide sources and lower cost, and can effectively reduce the cost of the pasture base fertilizer; the substances contain a large amount of nutrient components, so that the growth of pasture can be effectively promoted; the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements of the pasture can be supplemented by adding the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, so that the growth of the pasture is promoted. The base fertilizer disclosed by the invention is convenient in raw material acquisition, low in preparation cost and small in chemical component addition amount, can realize soil fertility maintenance and is beneficial to sustainable development.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a base fertilizer for pasture planting provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of making blend A provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart for completely decomposing farmyard manure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for fermenting farmyard manure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the preparation of NPK compound fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a granular fertilizer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a base fertilizer for pasture planting and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, preparing raw materials: selecting plant ash, farmyard manure, quicklime, wheat straw, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and adhesive as raw materials;
s102, respectively treating the wheat straw, the plant ash and the farmyard manure, and then mixing the three to obtain a blend A;
s103, adding a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and quicklime into the blend A, stirring, adding an adhesive into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain a blend B;
s104, passing the blend B through a granulator to obtain a granular fertilizer;
and S105, drying the granular fertilizer to obtain base fertilizer granules.
As shown in fig. 2, the preparation method of the blend a provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s201, drying the wheat straws, crushing and sieving to obtain wheat straw powder with the particle size of less than 1 mm;
s202, placing the plant ash into a stirrer, adding purified water, stirring, standing, filtering, and removing upper-layer impurities to obtain a plant ash solution;
s203, mixing the plant ash solution with the wheat straw powder, and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
s204, completely decomposing the farmyard manure, and introducing the farmyard manure into uniformly stirred liquid;
and S205, continuing stirring until the mixture is pasty, and stopping stirring to obtain the blend.
As shown in fig. 3, the complete decomposition of the farmyard manure provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s301, mixing carbendazim powder and purified water according to the mass ratio of 1:600 to obtain a carbendazim aqueous solution;
s302, uniformly spraying the carbendazim aqueous solution on the surface of the farmyard manure, and uniformly stirring;
s303, stacking the farmyard manure, wherein the stacking width is 1m, and the stacking height is 0.6 m; after the building pile is built, the slurry is smeared and covered tightly, and farmyard manure fermentation is carried out.
As shown in fig. 4, the method for fermenting farmyard manure provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises:
s401, fermenting for 4 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃, and then fermenting for 10 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃; stirring the materials in the fermentation tank once every 2 days during the fermentation period;
s402, after fermenting for 14 days, turning and throwing, and building and smearing again;
and S403, repeating S401 once, and obtaining completely decomposed farmyard manure after 14 days of the second time.
As shown in fig. 5, the preparation of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following specific steps:
s501, placing excessive sulfuric acid and potassium chloride in a reaction kettle, and reacting to generate potassium bisulfate slurry containing excessive sulfuric acid;
s502, mixing potassium bisulfate slurry containing excessive sulfuric acid with monoammonium phosphate solution;
s503, adding the potassium bisulfate slurry, the monoammonium phosphate solution and the synthetic ammonia into a reactor together, and generating compound fertilizer slurry containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium under the condition of temperature rise;
and S504, mixing the compound fertilizer slurry containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium obtained in the step S503 with a solution of nitric acid and water, adding the mixture into a granulator, and granulating under the condition of temperature rise to obtain compound fertilizer granules containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
As shown in fig. 6, the preparation method of the granular fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s601, pouring the mixture into a rotary drum granulator;
s602, pre-drying the mixture in a rotary drum granulator at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 10 min;
s603, reducing the temperature to room temperature, and cooling the mixture to obtain the granular fertilizer.
The invention selects plant ash, farmyard manure, quicklime, wheat straw, nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer and adhesive as raw materials; respectively treating wheat straws, plant ash and farmyard manure, and then mixing the wheat straws, the plant ash and the farmyard manure to obtain a blend A; adding a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and quicklime into the blend A, stirring, adding an adhesive into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain a blend B; passing the blend B through a granulator to obtain a granular fertilizer; and drying the granular fertilizer to obtain base fertilizer granules.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a base fertilizer for pasture planting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials: selecting plant ash, farmyard manure, quicklime, wheat straw, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and adhesive as raw materials;
step two, respectively treating the wheat straws, the plant ash and the farmyard manure, and then mixing the wheat straws, the plant ash and the farmyard manure to obtain a blend A;
adding a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and quicklime into the blend A, stirring, adding an adhesive into the mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain a blend B;
step four, the blend B is processed by a granulator to obtain granular fertilizer;
and step five, drying the granular fertilizer to obtain base fertilizer granules.
2. The method for preparing a base fertilizer for pasture planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the blend A comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the wheat straws, crushing and sieving to obtain wheat straw powder with the particle size of less than 1 mm;
(2) placing the plant ash in a stirrer, adding purified water, stirring, standing, filtering, and removing upper-layer impurities to obtain a plant ash solution;
(3) mixing the plant ash solution and the wheat straw powder, and uniformly stirring by a stirrer;
(4) after completely decomposing the farmyard manure, introducing the farmyard manure into liquid which is uniformly stirred;
(5) stirring is continued until the mixture is pasty, and the stirring is stopped, so that the blend is obtained.
3. The preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting as claimed in claim 2, wherein the complete decomposition of the farmyard manure comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing carbendazim powder and purified water according to the mass ratio of 1:600 to obtain a carbendazim aqueous solution;
(2) uniformly spraying the carbendazim aqueous solution on the surface of the farmyard manure, and uniformly stirring;
(3) piling the farmyard manure, wherein the piling width is 1m and the height is 0.6 m; after the building pile is built, the slurry is smeared and covered tightly, and farmyard manure fermentation is carried out.
4. The preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting as claimed in claim 3, wherein the farmyard manure fermentation method comprises the following steps:
step 1), fermenting for 4 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃, and then fermenting for 10 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃; stirring the materials in the fermentation tank once every 2 days during the fermentation period;
step 2), after fermenting for 14 days, turning and throwing, and building and smearing again;
and 3) repeating the step 1) once, and obtaining completely decomposed farmyard manure after 14 days.
5. The preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer comprises the following specific steps:
1) placing excessive sulfuric acid and potassium chloride in a reaction kettle, and reacting to generate potassium bisulfate slurry containing excessive sulfuric acid;
2) mixing potassium bisulfate slurry containing excessive sulfuric acid with monoammonium phosphate solution;
3) adding the potassium bisulfate slurry, the monoammonium phosphate solution and the synthetic ammonia into a reactor together, and generating compound fertilizer slurry containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium under the condition of temperature rise;
4) mixing the compound fertilizer slurry containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium obtained in the step 3) with a solution of nitric acid and water, adding the mixture into a granulator, and granulating under the condition of heating to obtain compound fertilizer granules containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
6. The preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting as claimed in claim 5, wherein the temperature conditions of the reaction of sulfuric acid and potassium chloride in the reaction kettle are as follows: 80-130 ℃; the sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of over 90 percent.
7. The preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mass mixing ratio of the potassium bisulfate slurry to the monoammonium phosphate solution and the synthetic ammonia is 2.4-2.5: 1.
8. The base fertilizer for pasture planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the granular fertilizer in the fifth step is as follows:
(1) pouring the mixture into a drum granulator;
(2) pre-drying the mixture in a rotary drum granulator at 30 deg.C for 10 min;
(3) the temperature is lowered to room temperature and the mixture is cooled to produce a granular fertilizer.
9. The base fertilizer for pasture grass planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method of drying the granulated fertilizer comprises:
putting the granular fertilizer into a dryer, and drying for 2 hours at 40 ℃;
stirring the granular fertilizer during drying;
the granulated fertilizer was taken out, laid flat and air-dried at room temperature for 24 hours.
10. The base fertilizer for pasture planting prepared by the preparation method of the base fertilizer for pasture planting is characterized by specifically comprising the following components in parts by weight:
8-10 parts of plant ash, 7-8 parts of completely decomposed farmyard manure, 2-3 parts of quicklime, 2-3 parts of wheat straw, 1-2 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 1-2 parts of adhesive.
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CN202010219507.1A CN111423270A (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2020-03-25 | Base fertilizer for pasture planting and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102898221B (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2015-05-20 | 戴威农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Preparation method of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer |
CN104725138A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-06-24 | 戴威农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Carbon matrix compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN104761343A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-08 | 戴威农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Carbon-based composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN106518340A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 潘克稳 | Special fertilizer for pitaya and preparation method therefor |
CN110698254A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-17 | 冯小平 | Rice biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-03-25 CN CN202010219507.1A patent/CN111423270A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102898221B (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2015-05-20 | 戴威农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Preparation method of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer |
CN104725138A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-06-24 | 戴威农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Carbon matrix compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN104761343A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-08 | 戴威农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Carbon-based composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN106518340A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 潘克稳 | Special fertilizer for pitaya and preparation method therefor |
CN110698254A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-17 | 冯小平 | Rice biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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