CN111421224A - Friction stir butt welding device for high-resistivity alloy and machining method thereof - Google Patents
Friction stir butt welding device for high-resistivity alloy and machining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111421224A CN111421224A CN202010375329.1A CN202010375329A CN111421224A CN 111421224 A CN111421224 A CN 111421224A CN 202010375329 A CN202010375329 A CN 202010375329A CN 111421224 A CN111421224 A CN 111421224A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention relates to a friction stir butt welding device for high-resistivity alloy and a processing method thereof, and the friction stir butt welding device comprises a workbench and a friction stir welding mechanism, wherein the workbench is used for placing and fixing a workpiece to be welded, the workpiece to be welded comprises a first workpiece and a second workpiece, the first workpiece and the second workpiece are flatly laid on the surface of the workbench in parallel, and the mutual contact positions form a butt interface; the device also includes a rolling electrode assembly. According to the invention, the copper core electrode, the copper plate electrode and the second power supply are arranged, so that large direct current is applied to the butt joint interface of the workpiece, the workpiece is softened by virtue of the joule heat generated by the large direct current, and meanwhile, the plasticity and the fluidity of the workpiece are improved, so that the purposes of prolonging the service life of the stirring head and accelerating the welding speed are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding, and particularly relates to a friction stir butt welding device for high-resistivity alloy and a processing method thereof.
Background
The composite friction stir welding utilizes an auxiliary heat source to provide additional heat input for friction stir welding, thereby improving the application range and the adaptability of the friction stir welding. In recent years, researchers have successively developed friction stir welding with the assistance of external energy such as laser, electric current, arc, induction, ultrasonic, and the like. The current-assisted friction stir welding technology is invented by utilizing the softening phenomenon of materials caused by high-strength current. A current output device is additionally arranged on the traditional stirring friction welding process, high-intensity current passes through a stirring pin and a weldment at the lower end of the stirring pin, joule heat generated by the current softens a material to be welded to a certain degree, and simultaneously, the electro-plasticity and the fluidity of the material are improved, so that the aims of improving the welding strength and reducing the welding stress are fulfilled.
Santos T G et al (Santos T G, Miranda R M, Visala P. front welding assisted by electrical J effect [ J ]. Journal of Materials processing technology,2014,214(10): 2127) 21336.) to eliminate the root defect of friction stir welding, high-intensity current is introduced to raise the temperature of the root so as to soften the material and improve the material viscoplasticity, and an analysis model is constructed for comparative analysis. In the test, the temperature of the aluminum alloy is increased by 200-300 ℃ when the current of 800A is applied. Under the tested conditions, the lack of penetration defect is reduced from 15.53 μm, where no auxiliary current is applied, to 3.37 μm, so that the current increases the plasticity of the material, inhibits the lack of penetration defect and improves the mechanical properties of the weld joint.
L iu X et Al (L iu X, L an S, Ni J. electrically assisted welding during welding for joining Al 6061to TRIP780 steel [ J ]. Journal of materials Processing Technology,2015,219:112-1239.) the system studies current-assisted friction stir welding of 6061 aluminum alloy and TRIP780 steel.
The current-assisted friction stir welding accelerates material softening by a method of generating joule heat and changing the electro-plasticity of the material through impressed current, but the welding objects of the friction stir welding are mostly metals, the resistivity is low, the joule effect is not obvious under weak current, and the effect can be generated only by introducing high-strength current. The high intensity current also causes the problem of high energy consumption, which also hinders the large-scale popularization and application of the current-assisted friction stir welding. The resistivity of the metal is smaller, and the resistivity of the alloy is larger, so the current-assisted friction stir welding is more suitable for high-resistivity alloy materials.
In addition, because the direct current can continuously heat the welding area, the crystal grains are enlarged, and the performance of the welding seam is influenced. For example, patent CN 205393809U discloses a pulse current assisted friction stir welding device, which applies pulse current to a weld through a current synchronous applying device, can refine weld tissues, reduce residual stress, and improve weldment quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a friction stir butt welding device for high-resistivity alloy and a processing method thereof, which have simple structure and reasonable design.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a friction stir butt welding device for high-resistivity alloy comprises a workbench and a friction stir welding mechanism, wherein the workbench is used for placing and fixing a workpiece to be welded, the workpiece to be welded comprises a first workpiece and a second workpiece, the first workpiece and the second workpiece are flatly laid on the surface of the workbench in parallel, and mutual contact positions form a butt interface; the device still includes rolling electrode subassembly, rolling electrode subassembly including set up in the regulation seat of workstation top, the bottom of adjusting the seat is provided with the rolling electrode, the rolling electrode set up in the rear portion of stirring head welding movement track, just rolling electrode bottom with wait to weld the welding seam contact that the work piece formed after the welding, the top of rolling electrode is connected with the one end that sets up in the outside power of workstation, the other end of a power is connected with the one end of copper electrode.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a heat insulation plate is arranged between the workbench and the copper plate electrode, a placing groove is also arranged at the contact position of the heat insulation plate and the butt joint interface of the workpiece to be welded, an elastic insulating and heat insulating pad matched with the placing groove is arranged in the placing groove, a rectangular groove is arranged on the upper surface of the elastic insulating and heat insulating pad, and the copper plate electrode is embedded into the rectangular groove.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the welding movement track of the stirring head and the butt joint interface of the workpiece to be welded are coincident, a blind hole is formed in the stirring head, a copper core electrode is arranged in the blind hole, an insulating sleeve is wrapped on the side surface of the copper core electrode, the top end of the copper core electrode is connected with one end of a second power supply arranged outside the workbench, and the other end of the second power supply is connected with one end of a copper plate electrode.
A method of manufacturing a friction stir butt welding apparatus for high resistivity alloys as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
step S1: sequentially placing a heat insulation plate, an elastic insulating heat insulation pad, a copper plate electrode and a workpiece to be welded on a workbench, fixing the heat insulation plate, the elastic insulating heat insulation pad, the copper plate electrode and the workpiece to be welded on the workbench, and adjusting the positions of a stirring head and a rolling electrode on the workbench;
step S2: setting working parameters of a friction stir welding mechanism and a rolling electrode assembly;
step S3: and starting a power supply, softening the butt joint interface below the stirring head, rotating the stirring head under the axial downward pressure, relatively feeding the stirring head along the direction of the butt joint interface, starting a rolling electrode assembly, performing pulse current action on a welding line formed after welding, refining welding line grains, and finally finishing the friction stir welding operation of the workpiece.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the workpiece to be welded in the step S1 is a high-resistivity workpiece, and the resistivity of the workpiece is more than 5 × 10-7And omega m, the thickness of the workpiece to be welded is 2-15mm, the rolling electrode is arranged at the rear part of the welding moving track of the stirring head, and the distance L between the rolling electrode and the stirring head is 20-40 mm.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the operating parameters of the stirring head in the step S2 are that the output direct current is obtained, the current I1 is 300-1500A, the pulse current of the rolling electrode is rectangular square wave, the mean value I2 of the pulse current is 200-1000A, the pulse width is η -50-5000 mus, and the pulse frequency is f-40-4000 Hz
As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the axial downward pressure F applied to the stirring head in the step S3 is 4000--1The welding speed is between 8 and 50 mm.min-1。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the invention, the copper core electrode, the copper plate electrode and the second power supply are arranged, large direct current is applied to the butt joint interface of the workpiece, the workpiece is softened by virtue of the joule heat generated by the large direct current, and meanwhile, the plasticity and the fluidity of the workpiece are improved, so that the purposes of prolonging the service life of the stirring head and accelerating the welding speed are achieved;
2) according to the invention, by applying a large-current pulse current to the welding seam, the welding seam structure can be refined, the residual stress is reduced, and the quality of a weldment is improved;
3) according to the invention, the insulating and heat insulating plate is arranged at the bottom of the welding object, so that the temperature gradient in the thickness direction of the plate to be welded can be reduced, and the bottom of the plate also has a sufficient softening effect, thereby increasing the flow and flow quantity of materials in the welding process of the bottom area, fully mixing the materials to be welded at the bottom, reducing various welding defects at the bottom and improving the quality of a welding seam;
4) the invention has simple structure, high stability, reasonable design and convenient realization, and is particularly suitable for friction stir butt welding of high resistivity alloy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a heat insulation plate; 2. a first workpiece; 3. a second workpiece; 4. a stirring head; 5. an adjusting seat; 11. an elastic insulating heat-insulating pad; 12. a copper plate electrode; 13. a first power supply; 23. a docking interface; 41. a copper core electrode; 42. an insulating sleeve; 43. a second power supply; 51. and rolling the electrode.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention; in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" or "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a friction stir butt welding device for high resistivity alloy comprises a workbench, a friction stir welding mechanism and a rolling electrode assembly, wherein the workbench is used for placing and fixing workpieces to be welded, the workpieces to be welded comprise a first workpiece 2 and a second workpiece 3, the first workpiece 2 and the second workpiece 3 are laid on the surface of the workbench in parallel, and the mutual contact positions form a butt interface 23; still be provided with heat insulating board 1 between waiting to weld work piece and the workstation, can reduce the temperature gradient of waiting to weld work piece thickness direction through setting up heat insulating board 1, make the bottom of waiting to weld the work piece also have sufficient softening effect to reinforcing the regional material of work piece bottom flow and the flow volume when the welding, making the bottom material intensive mixing, reducing the welding defect of work piece bottom, improving welding quality.
A placing groove is further formed in the contact position of the heat insulation board 1 and the butt joint interface 23 of the workpiece to be welded, an elastic insulating and heat insulating pad 11 matched with the placing groove is arranged in the placing groove, a rectangular groove is formed in the upper surface of the elastic insulating and heat insulating pad 11, a copper plate electrode 12 matched with the rectangular groove is arranged in the rectangular groove, the copper plate electrode 12 and the butt joint interface 23 of the workpiece to be welded are attached to each other, and one end of the copper plate electrode 12 is connected with one end of a second power supply 43 arranged outside the workbench; the friction stir welding mechanism comprises friction stir welding equipment arranged above a workbench, a stirring head 4 of the friction stir welding equipment is positioned right above a butt joint interface 23 of a workpiece to be welded, and the welding moving track of the stirring head 4 is superposed with the butt joint interface 23 of the workpiece to be welded, a blind hole is arranged in the stirring head 4, a copper core electrode 41 is arranged in the blind hole, the side surface of the copper core electrode 41 is wrapped by an insulating sleeve 42, the top end of the copper core electrode 41 is connected with the other end of the second power supply 43, a second power supply 43, a copper core electrode 41, a copper plate electrode 12 and a workpiece to be welded form a passage, current is transmitted to the workpiece to be welded from a stirring pin at the tail end of a stirring head 4, the workpiece is softened by joule heat generated by large current, meanwhile, the plasticity and the fluidity of the material are improved, and the purposes of prolonging the service life of the stirring head 4 and accelerating the stirring welding speed are achieved.
The rolling electrode assembly comprises an adjusting seat 5 arranged above the workbench, a rolling electrode 51 is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting seat 5, the rolling electrode 51 is arranged at the rear part of a welding moving track of the stirring head 4, the bottom of the rolling electrode 51 is in contact with a welding seam formed after a workpiece to be welded is welded, the top end of the rolling electrode 51 is connected with one end of a power supply 13 arranged outside the workbench, the other end of the power supply 13 is connected with one end of a copper plate electrode 12, a passage is formed by the power supply 13, the rolling electrode 51, the workpiece to be welded and a companion electrode, and a large-current pulse current is applied to the welding seam formed after welding, so that the welding seam structure can be refined, the residual stress is reduced, and the quality of the workpiece to be welded is improved.
A method for manufacturing a friction stir butt welding apparatus for high resistivity alloys as described above, comprising the steps of:
step S1: placing a heat insulation plate 1, an elastic insulating and heat insulation pad 11, a copper plate electrode 12 and a workpiece to be welded on a workbench in sequence, fixing the workpiece to be welded on the workbench, and adjusting the positions of a stirring head 4 and a rolling electrode 51 on the workbench;
step S2: setting working parameters of a friction stir welding mechanism and a rolling electrode assembly;
step S3: and starting a power supply, softening the butt joint interface 23 below the stirring head 4, rotating the stirring head 4 under the axial downward pressure, relatively feeding the stirring head 4 along the direction of the butt joint interface 23, starting a rolling electrode assembly, performing pulse current action on a welding line formed after welding, refining welding line grains, and finally completing friction stir welding operation of the workpiece.
It should be noted that the workpiece to be welded in the step S1 is a high-resistivity workpiece, and the resistivity thereof is greater than 5 × 10-7Omega m, the thickness of the workpiece to be welded is 2-15mm, the rolling electrode 51 is arranged on the welding moving rail of the stirring head 4The rear of the trace and the distance L between the rolling electrode 51 and the paddle 4 is 20-40 mm.
The operating parameters of the stirring head 4 in the step S2 include that a direct current is output, the current I1 is 300-.
In the step S3, the axial downward pressure F applied to the stirring head 4 is 4000--1The welding speed is between 8 and 50 mm.min-1。
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a friction stir butt welding device for high resistivity alloy, includes workstation and friction stir welding mechanism, the workstation is used for placing and fixes the work piece of treating welding, treat that welding workpiece includes work piece (2) and No. two work pieces (3), No. one work piece (2) and No. two work pieces (3) are parallel to be spread on the workstation surface, and mutual contact position forms butt joint interface (23), friction stir welding mechanism is including setting up the friction stir welding equipment in the workstation top, the stirring head (4) of friction stir welding equipment are located directly over the butt joint interface (23) of treating welding workpiece, its characterized in that: the bottom of the butt joint interface (23) is also provided with a copper plate electrode (12); the device still includes rolling electrode subassembly, rolling electrode subassembly including set up in regulation seat (5) of workstation top, the bottom of adjusting seat (5) is provided with rolling electrode (51), rolling electrode (51) set up in the rear portion of stirring head (4) welding movement track, just rolling electrode (51) bottom with wait to weld the welding seam contact that the work piece welding back formed, the top of rolling electrode (51) is connected with the one end that sets up in the outside power (13) of workstation, the other end and the one end of copper electrode (12) of a power (13) are connected.
2. The friction stir butt welding apparatus for high resistivity alloys of claim 1 wherein: the welding device is characterized in that a heat insulation plate (1) is arranged between the workbench and the copper plate electrode (12), a placing groove is further formed in the contact position of the heat insulation plate (1) and a butt joint interface (23) of a workpiece to be welded, an elastic insulation heat insulation pad (11) matched with the placing groove is arranged in the placing groove, a rectangular groove is formed in the upper surface of the elastic insulation heat insulation pad (11), and the copper plate electrode (12) is embedded into the rectangular groove.
3. The friction stir butt welding apparatus for high resistivity alloys of claim 2 wherein: the welding moving track of stirring head (4) and the butt joint interface (23) of waiting to weld the work piece coincide each other, stirring head (4) inside is provided with the blind hole, be provided with copper core electrode (41) in the blind hole, the side surface parcel of copper core electrode (41) has insulating cover (42), the top of copper core electrode (41) with set up in the outside one end of No. two power (43) of workstation and be connected, the other end of No. two power (43) is connected with the one end of copper electrode (12).
4. A method of forming a friction stir butt welding apparatus for high resistivity alloys according to any one of claims 1to 3 including the steps of:
step S1: a heat insulation plate (1), an elastic insulation heat insulation pad (11), a copper plate electrode (12) and a workpiece to be welded are sequentially placed on a workbench and fixed on the workbench, and the positions of a stirring head (4) and a rolling electrode (51) on the workbench are adjusted;
step S2: setting working parameters of a friction stir welding mechanism and a rolling electrode assembly;
step S3: and starting a power supply, softening the butt joint interface (23) below the stirring head (4), rotating the stirring head (4) under the axial downward pressure, relatively feeding the stirring head (4) along the direction of the butt joint interface (23), starting a rolling electrode assembly, performing pulse current action on a welding line formed after welding, refining welding line grains, and finally completing the friction stir welding operation of the workpiece.
5. The method for manufacturing a friction stir butt welding apparatus for high resistivity alloy as recited in claim 4, wherein said step S1 is a step of welding a high resistivity alloy to be welded, the high resistivity alloy being a high resistivity alloy having a resistivity of more than 5 × 10-7And omega m, the thickness of the workpiece to be welded is 2-15mm, the rolling electrode (51) is arranged at the rear part of the welding moving track of the stirring head (4), and the distance L between the rolling electrode (51) and the stirring head (4) is 20-40 mm.
6. The processing method of the friction stir butt welding device for the high resistivity alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein the operating parameters of the stirring head (4) in the step S2 are that a direct current is output, the current I1 is 300-.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the friction stir butt welding device comprises: the axial downward pressure F applied to the stirring head (4) in the step S3 is 4000--1The welding speed is between 8 and 50 mm.min-1。
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| CN202010375329.1A CN111421224B (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Friction stir butt welding device for high-resistivity alloy and processing method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111907069A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-10 | 大连理工大学 | Robot-assisted continuous resistance welding equipment and welding method for thermoplastic materials |
| CN114951956A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for eliminating surface thinning amount and root weak connection defects of friction stir welding |
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2020
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| CN101323054A (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2008-12-17 | 罗键 | Electric conduction-stirring friction composite heat power supply welding method and equipment |
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| CN111421224B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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