CN210683943U - Laser cladding device of cladding crackle self-healing - Google Patents
Laser cladding device of cladding crackle self-healing Download PDFInfo
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- CN210683943U CN210683943U CN201921439580.9U CN201921439580U CN210683943U CN 210683943 U CN210683943 U CN 210683943U CN 201921439580 U CN201921439580 U CN 201921439580U CN 210683943 U CN210683943 U CN 210683943U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a laser cladding device for self-healing of cladding layer cracks, which comprises a laser cladding mechanism and a pulse current mechanism, wherein the laser cladding mechanism comprises a fixed seat and a laser head which are arranged above a workbench; the pulse current mechanism comprises adjustable electrode assemblies which are respectively arranged at two ends of the laser cladding mechanism, and the adjustable electrode assemblies are connected with the fixed seat through adjustable connecting pieces. The utility model discloses a set up pulse current mechanism, improve and melt and cover efficiency, can refine the cladding layer crystalline grain again, reduce its porosity to evenly melt the cladding layer tissue, can reduce the residual thermal stress of cladding layer and the fracture sensitivity simultaneously, especially pulse heavy current density can realize the online self-healing of cladding layer crackle at the streaming effect and the joule thermal effect that cladding layer crackle point formed, can prepare high quality, high performance's laser cladding coating.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser beam machining equipment, concretely relates to cladding layer crackle self-healing's laser cladding device.
Background
Laser cladding is a complex physical chemistry and metallurgical process, and due to the process characteristics of rapid heating and solidification (rapid heating and rapid cooling) and the difference of physical properties (such as thermal expansion coefficient, elastic modulus, thermal conductivity and the like) between a cladding layer material and a base material, residual internal stress exists in a cladding layer and between the cladding layer and a base body, and when the residual stress is greater than the tensile strength of the cladding layer, stress concentration is easily generated at air holes, inclusions, tips and the like, so that the cladding layer is cracked.
In order to obtain a laser cladding coating with good quality, few defects and even no defects, on one hand, the theory of theoretical basis rapid solidification of a laser cladding technology and the fine structure of a coating interface should be studied deeply in theory so as to reveal the essence of the laser cladding process; on the other hand, the composition and the quality of the coating are controlled and improved from the process, and the thermal stress in the laser cladding process is reduced; in addition, the establishment of the integrated evaluation indexes of the laser cladding process, the coating structure and the performance is a hot point of research. The main measures adopted at present for controlling the cracks and the peeling of the laser cladding coating are as follows: optimizing process methods and parameters; reasonably designing a coating; adjusting the stress state, reducing the tensile stress as much as possible, changing the laser action mode or energy distribution, adopting a composite laser cladding process and the like.
In the process of metal solidification, the structure and performance of a material can be improved by applying current, the laser processing assisted by the applied current is commonly carried out in current-reinforced laser welding, and because direct current can continuously heat a molten pool, crystal grains are enlarged, and the pulse current has a better reinforcing effect. However, research on the influence of the pulse current on laser cladding is still few, and currently, researchers have studied the influence of the pulse current on laser cladding and found that the research has the effect of refining tissues. However, the electrode position of the experimental device is fixed, and considering that the position of the laser beam and the workpiece move relatively in the laser cladding process, if the position of the electrode applying current and the workpiece are relatively fixed, the molten pool only occupies a small part of the conductor, most of the current does not pass through the molten pool, the current density is not favorably improved, and the actual effect of the current is greatly reduced.
Therefore, the development and design of the laser cladding device which can enable the electrode to be always positioned close to the molten pool and keep the relative position with the molten pool unchanged, improve the current utilization efficiency, enhance the laser cladding effect and reduce the cracks of the cladding layer have important economic, social and practical significance.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a cladding layer crackle self-healing's laser cladding device simple structure, reasonable in design just for solving above-mentioned problem.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes above-mentioned purpose:
a laser cladding device for cladding layer crack self-healing comprises a laser cladding mechanism and a pulse current mechanism, wherein the laser cladding mechanism is arranged above a workbench and comprises a fixed seat arranged above the workbench and a laser head connected with the fixed seat;
the pulse current mechanism comprises adjustable electrode assemblies which are respectively arranged at two ends of the laser cladding mechanism, the adjustable electrode assemblies are connected with the fixed seat through adjustable connecting pieces, each adjustable connecting piece comprises a sliding groove which is arranged at the bottom of each of the two ends of the fixed seat, sliding blocks which are matched with the sliding grooves are arranged in the sliding grooves, fixing holes are arranged at one sides of the sliding grooves and one sides of the sliding blocks, and the fixing holes are provided with threaded nails which are matched with the fixing holes;
the inner part of the sliding block is hollow, a slotted hole is formed in the bottom of the sliding block, an adjusting rod penetrates through the slotted hole, and the top end of the adjusting rod is arranged in the sliding block and connected with the sliding block through an elastic connecting piece;
the bottom end of the adjusting rod is provided with an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly is connected with the adjusting rod through a plurality of connecting plates and connecting bolts penetrating through the surfaces of the connecting plates, and carbon brushes are further arranged on the connecting plates and used for being connected with power output ends arranged outside the fixed seat;
the electrode assembly and the bottom end of the connecting plate are connected with each other through a fixing nail and a cover plate, and the rolling electrode assembly sequentially comprises a connecting shaft, an insulating sleeve and a rolling electrode from inside to outside.
By adopting the technical scheme, the follow-up feeding type pulse current mechanism is arranged, the whole follow-up device is fixed on the laser head, so that the follow-up of the electrode and the laser head is realized, and in addition, the close electrode distance is utilized, so that the large current density can be acted on the cladding area, and the laser cladding layer with few defects and good performance is obtained.
As the utility model discloses a further optimization scheme, the input of laser head still is provided with the powder feeder, the powder feeder is used for carrying the powder body to the base member surface.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the coaxial powder feeding laser cladding or the synchronous side powder feeding laser cladding is carried out, the powder feeder conveys cladding powder to the position of the laser head.
As the utility model discloses a further optimization scheme, when the operation of precast coating laser cladding, need not dispose the powder feeder, or when the precast coating laser cladding, the powder feeder is out of work.
By adopting the technical scheme, various cladding operations can be conveniently carried out.
As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the connecting plate is horizontal "Z" font connecting plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the Z-shaped connecting plate is connected with the rolling electrode assembly, so that the rolling electrode can still be in good contact with a workpiece when the size of a light spot is changed.
As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, each the horizontal distance that adjustable electrode subassembly was arrived between the laser cladding mechanism respectively is equidistance or equidistance.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the adjustable electrode assembly is symmetrically arranged by taking the laser cladding mechanism as a symmetry axis, the enhancement effect of the adjustable electrode assembly on laser cladding is not good, otherwise, the better enhancement effect of the adjustable electrode assembly on laser cladding can be obtained.
As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the rolling electrode with it is adjustable to set up the angle between the laser scanning direction of laser cladding mechanism.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
1) the utility model discloses a set up the pulse current mechanism, improve and melt and cover efficiency, can refine the cladding layer crystalline grain again, reduce its porosity, and the even cladding layer tissue, can reduce the residual thermal stress of cladding layer and the fracture sensitivity simultaneously, especially the streaming effect and the joule heat effect that pulse heavy current density formed at the cladding layer crackle tip can realize the online self-healing of cladding layer crackle, can prepare high quality, high performance laser cladding coating;
2) the utility model is provided with the follow-up feeding type pulse current mechanism, the whole follow-up device is fixed on the laser head, thereby realizing the follow-up of the electrode and the laser head, and in addition, the large current density can be acted on the cladding area by utilizing the closer electrode distance, so as to obtain the laser cladding layer with less defects and good performance;
3) the utility model discloses simple structure, stability is high, reasonable in design, the realization of being convenient for.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the laser cladding of the prefabricated coating of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention during coaxial powder feeding laser cladding;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adjustable electrode assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure of comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of the structure of Experimental example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a macrocrack flaw detection diagram of comparative example 1 in the present invention;
fig. 7 is a macrocrack flaw detection diagram of experimental example 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fixed seat; 2. a laser head; 3. a work table; 11. a power source; 12. a chute; 13. an elastic connecting member; 14. a slider; 15. adjusting a rod; 16. a connecting plate; 17. a connecting shaft; 18. an insulating sleeve; 19. a rolling electrode; 21. a laser beam; 22. a molten pool; 23. a powder feeder; 31. an insulating plate; 32. a substrate; 33. a powder body; 34. a cladding layer; 141. a set screw; 151. a connecting bolt; 161. a cover plate; 162. fixing nails; 171. a carbon brush.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a laser cladding device that cladding layer 34 crackle self-healing, including laser cladding mechanism and pulse current mechanism, the laser cladding mechanism sets up in the top of workstation 3, including setting up in the fixing base 1 of workstation 3 top and the laser head 2 of being connected with fixing base 1, laser head 2 is used for launching laser beam 21, carries out laser cladding to base body 32 and cladding layer 34, the input of laser head 2 still is provided with powder feeder 23, powder feeder 23 is used for carrying powder body 33 to base body 32 surface to carry out the transport and cladding of cladding layer 34 powder simultaneously at the laser cladding in-process.
The pulse current mechanism comprises adjustable electrode assemblies which are respectively arranged at two ends of the laser cladding mechanism, the adjustable electrode assemblies are connected with the fixed seat 1 through adjustable connecting pieces, each adjustable connecting piece comprises a sliding groove 12 which is arranged at the bottom of each end of the fixed seat 1, sliding blocks 14 which are matched with the sliding grooves 12 are arranged in the sliding grooves 12, the sliding blocks 14 can horizontally move in the sliding grooves 12, fixing holes are formed in one sides of the sliding grooves 12 and one sides of the sliding blocks 14, the fixing holes are provided with threaded nails which are matched with the fixing holes, and the sliding blocks 14 can be fixed after moving to proper positions through the matching of the fixing holes and the threaded nails, so that the stability during operation is facilitated; the inside of the sliding block 14 is hollow, a slotted hole is formed in the bottom of the sliding block 14, an adjusting rod 15 penetrates through the slotted hole, the top end of the adjusting rod 15 is arranged inside the sliding block 14 and is connected with the sliding block 14 through an elastic connecting piece 13, the elastic connecting piece 13 comprises a spring, but the adjusting rod 15 is not limited to the spring, the elastic connecting piece 13 is arranged between the sliding block 14 and the adjusting rod 15, the elastic connecting piece 13 is compressed and stretched, the adjusting rod 15 can move up and down inside the sliding block 14, and the distance from the adjusting rod 15 to the workbench 3 is further changed, so that a proper working position can be found; the electrode assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the adjusting rod 15, the electrode assembly is connected with the adjusting rod 15 through a plurality of connecting plates 16 and connecting bolts 151 arranged on the surfaces of the connecting plates 16 in a penetrating way, the connecting plates 16 are horizontal Z-shaped connecting plates 16, and the horizontal distance between the two electrode assemblies can be kept to be minimum by connecting the electrode assemblies through the horizontal Z-shaped connecting plates 16.
The electrode assembly and the bottom end of the connecting plate 16 are connected with each other through a fixing nail 162 and a cover plate 161, the electrode assembly sequentially comprises a connecting shaft 17, an insulating sleeve 18 and a rolling electrode 19 from inside to outside, and the rolling electrode 19 can roll on the surface of the base body 32 when contacting with the base body 32 by arranging the connecting shaft 17, so that the friction resistance between the electrode and the base body 32 is reduced; the connecting plate 16 is further provided with a carbon brush 171, the carbon brush 171 is used for being connected with an output end of a power supply 11 arranged outside the fixed seat 1, and power is transmitted to the rolling electrode 19 through the power supply 11, so that the rolling electrode 19 outputs pulse current outwards.
It should be noted that, during the laser cladding operation of the pre-coating, the powder feeder 23 does not need to be configured, or during the laser cladding of the pre-coating, the powder feeder 23 does not work; the horizontal distance between each adjustable electrode assembly and the laser cladding mechanism is equal or unequal, and it needs to be emphasized that when the adjustable electrode assemblies are symmetrically arranged by taking the laser cladding mechanism as a symmetry axis, the enhancement effect of the adjustable electrode assemblies on laser cladding is not good, otherwise, the better enhancement effect of the adjustable electrode assemblies on laser cladding can be obtained.
The arrangement direction of the rolling electrode 19 and the laser scanning direction of the laser cladding mechanism are adjustable, and the included angle between the mixed electrode and the laser scanning direction can be changed according to the specific operation during laser cladding, wherein the crack of the cladding layer 34 is vertical to the laser scanning direction during laser cladding, so that the effect of repairing and healing the crack of the cladding layer 34 is optimal when the rolling electrode 19 is arranged in parallel to the laser scanning direction.
A processing method of a laser cladding device for self-healing of cracks of a cladding layer 34 comprises the following steps:
step S1: an insulating plate 31 and a matrix 32 to be clad are sequentially placed on the workbench 3, and the positions of the pulse current mechanism and the laser cladding mechanism, namely the workbench 3, are adjusted;
step S2: setting laser cladding process parameters and pulse current process parameters according to a laser cladding sample;
step S3: and starting the power supply 11, and carrying out pulse current enhanced laser cladding operation on the sample to obtain the product.
In step S1, the powder feeder 23 is not required to be configured during the laser cladding operation of the pre-coating layer; the substrate 32 is a conductive substrate 32, a semiconductor substrate 32 or an insulating substrate 32, and for the non-conductive substrate 32, the surface of the substrate 32 needs to be subjected to conductive treatment before laser cladding; the laser cladding operation is one of coaxial powder feeding laser cladding, synchronous side powder feeding laser cladding and preset coating laser cladding.
The following experimental products were prepared according to the apparatus provided in example 1 above:
experimental example 2
In this experimental example, the Ni60A coating is prepared on the surface of the 42CrMo substrate by using the laser cladding device for self-healing of the cladding layer crack in the above example 1, and the method includes the following steps:
step S1: selecting a YLS-6000 high-power fiber laser and an XSL-PF-01B-2 double-bin negative pressure type coaxial powder feeder produced by Germany IPG company, carrying out coaxial powder feeding laser cladding on the surface of a 42CrMo alloy structure steel substrate to form a Ni60A coating, sequentially placing an insulating plate and the 42CrMo alloy structure steel substrate on a workbench, and adjusting the positions of a pulse current mechanism, a laser cladding mechanism and the workbench;
step S2: setting laser cladding process parameters and pulse current process parameters, wherein two rolling electrodes are arranged along a laser scanning direction, one rolling electrode is 15mm at the front end of the center of a laser beam, and the other rolling electrode is 20mm at the rear end of the center of the laser beam;
and step S3, starting a power supply, and performing pulse current enhanced laser cladding operation on the sample to obtain a laser cladding product.
Experimental example 3
In this embodiment, the laser cladding apparatus for self-healing of cracks in the cladding layer in the above embodiment 1 is used to prepare the MCrAlY coating on the surface of the GH4169 substrate, and the method includes the following steps:
step S1: an MCrAlY bonding layer is sprayed on a GH4169 matrix by using a 3710 type atmospheric plasma spraying system produced by the American Plax company, and the MCrAlY powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ni-20Co-18Cr-15Al-2Y2O3(ii) a Sequentially placing an insulating plate and a GH4169 substrate on a workbench, and adjusting the positions of a pulse current mechanism, a laser cladding mechanism and the workbench;
step S2: SLCF-X12X 25 type CO is selected2Carrying out laser cladding by a laser processing machine, and setting laser cladding process parameters and pulse current process parameters; two rolling electrodes are arranged along the laser scanning direction, one rolling electrode is 15mm at the front end of the center of the laser beam, and the other rolling electrode is 23mm at the rear end of the center of the laser beam;
step S3: and starting a power supply, and carrying out pulse current enhanced laser cladding operation on the sample to obtain a laser cladding product.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is a laser cladding device which is used for preparing a Ni60A coating on the surface of a 42CrMo substrate by using a conventional laser cladding device, namely, the laser cladding device does not use the cladding layer crack self-healing in the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: selecting a YLS-6000 high-power fiber laser and an XSL-PF-01B-2 double-bin negative pressure type coaxial powder feeder produced by Germany IPG company, carrying out coaxial powder feeding laser cladding on the surface of a 42CrMo alloy structure steel matrix to form a Ni60A coating, sequentially placing an insulating plate and the 42CrMo alloy structure steel matrix on a workbench, and adjusting the positions of a laser cladding mechanism and the workbench;
step S2: setting laser cladding process parameters;
and step S3, starting a power supply, and performing pulse current enhanced laser cladding operation on the sample to obtain a laser cladding product.
The laser cladding products obtained in the experimental example 2 and the comparative example 1 are taken, the texture metallographic images of the products are obtained by a high power electron microscope, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, compared with the product of the comparative example 1, the crystal grains of the laser cladding product prepared by using the laser cladding device for self-healing of the cladding layer cracks in the experimental example 2 are finer, and the reason is that the degree of supercooling is increased during nucleation due to the introduction of the follow-up feeding type pulse current structure, the nucleation rate is increased, and the crystal grain size is reduced.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, which are the macrocrack flaw detection diagrams of experimental example 2 and comparative example 1, it can be seen that the surface of the product obtained in comparative example 1 has a plurality of transverse macrocracks perpendicular to the laser scanning, while the surface of the product obtained in experimental example 1 has no macrocracks, because the follow-up feeding type pulse current device greatly reduces the cracking sensitivity of the cladding layer, the product in experimental example 1 has more uniform structure, lower porosity and smaller grain size, thereby reducing the residual thermal stress and cracking tendency during the cladding process; in addition, the pulse current acting on the cladding layer can carry out on-line repair on a small amount of generated cracks, a streaming effect is formed at the tips of the cracks due to the fact that the current cannot pass through the cracks under the action of pulse high current density, the temperature of the tips of the cracks is obviously increased under the action of the joule heat effect, a local high-temperature area exceeding a melting point can be formed, but the thermal expansion of materials in the high-temperature area is limited by materials in areas with lower peripheral temperatures, high local compressive stress is generated in the areas near the tips of the cracks, the tips of the cracks are closed and repaired under the double action of the high temperature and the compressive stress, the length of the cracks is shortened, a new streaming effect is generated at the new tips of the cracks, and the whole crack is gradually repaired after a plurality of pulse high currents.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a cladding layer crackle self-healing's laser cladding device which characterized in that: the laser cladding mechanism is arranged above the workbench and comprises a fixed seat arranged above the workbench and a laser head connected with the fixed seat;
the pulse current mechanism comprises adjustable electrode assemblies which are respectively arranged at two ends of the laser cladding mechanism, the adjustable electrode assemblies are connected with the fixed seat through adjustable connecting pieces, each adjustable connecting piece comprises a sliding groove which is arranged at the bottom of each of the two ends of the fixed seat, sliding blocks which are matched with the sliding grooves are arranged in the sliding grooves, fixing holes are arranged at one sides of the sliding grooves and one sides of the sliding blocks, and the fixing holes are provided with threaded nails which are matched with the fixing holes;
the inner part of the sliding block is hollow, a slotted hole is formed in the bottom of the sliding block, an adjusting rod penetrates through the slotted hole, and the top end of the adjusting rod is arranged in the sliding block and connected with the sliding block through an elastic connecting piece;
the bottom end of the adjusting rod is provided with an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly is connected with the adjusting rod through a plurality of connecting plates and connecting bolts penetrating through the surfaces of the connecting plates, and carbon brushes are further arranged on the connecting plates and used for being connected with power output ends arranged outside the fixed seat;
the electrode assembly and the bottom end of the connecting plate are connected with each other through a fixing nail and a cover plate, and the electrode assembly sequentially comprises a connecting shaft, an insulating sleeve and a rolling electrode from inside to outside.
2. The laser cladding device for cladding layer crack self-healing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end of the laser head is also provided with a powder feeder which is used for conveying powder bodies to the surface of the substrate.
3. The laser cladding device for cladding layer crack self-healing according to claim 2, wherein: during the laser cladding operation of the prefabricated coating, the powder feeder does not need to be configured, or the powder feeder does not work during the laser cladding of the prefabricated coating.
4. The laser cladding device for cladding layer crack self-healing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting plate is a horizontal Z-shaped connecting plate.
5. The laser cladding device for cladding layer crack self-healing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal distance between each adjustable electrode assembly and the laser cladding mechanism is equal or unequal.
6. The laser cladding device for cladding layer crack self-healing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the setting angle between the rolling electrode and the laser scanning direction of the laser cladding mechanism can be adjusted.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921439580.9U CN210683943U (en) | 2019-09-02 | 2019-09-02 | Laser cladding device of cladding crackle self-healing |
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| CN201921439580.9U CN210683943U (en) | 2019-09-02 | 2019-09-02 | Laser cladding device of cladding crackle self-healing |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110453216A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-15 | 铜陵学院 | A kind of laser cladding apparatus and its processing method of cracks of cladding layer self-healing |
| CN113579452A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Electric shock regulation and control method for metal construction interface |
| CN115386845A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-25 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for pulse current assisted laser directional energy deposition |
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2019
- 2019-09-02 CN CN201921439580.9U patent/CN210683943U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110453216A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-15 | 铜陵学院 | A kind of laser cladding apparatus and its processing method of cracks of cladding layer self-healing |
| CN113579452A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Electric shock regulation and control method for metal construction interface |
| CN115386845A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-25 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for pulse current assisted laser directional energy deposition |
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Effective date of registration: 20230117 Address after: 241000 Chungu 3D Printing Industrial Park, Fanchang Economic Development Zone, Fanchang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Wuhu meitefang Material Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 244000 no.1335, Cuihu 4th Road, Tongling City, Anhui Province Patentee before: TONGLING University |
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