CN103540931A - Method and device for alloying composite processing of laser surface through mechanical vibration assisted induction heating - Google Patents
Method and device for alloying composite processing of laser surface through mechanical vibration assisted induction heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN103540931A CN103540931A CN201310535411.6A CN201310535411A CN103540931A CN 103540931 A CN103540931 A CN 103540931A CN 201310535411 A CN201310535411 A CN 201310535411A CN 103540931 A CN103540931 A CN 103540931A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for alloying composite processing of a laser surface through mechanical vibration assisted induction heating. The method comprises the steps of delivering alloy powder to a purified and activated metal matrix surface by adopting a preset material method or synchronous powder delivery method; under the protection of argon, assisting laser scanning of a sample surface through induction heating, and performing mechanical vibration at the same time to perform auxiliary processing so as to prepare an alloyed layer. A high-frequency induction heater is connected with an induction heating coil, the induction heating coil is fixed on a laser head, the laser emitted by the laser head is positioned in the center of a heating area of the induction heating coil, and the laser head is connected with a laser. The method and the device disclosed by the invention can achieve the effects of refining grains, improving the completeness of a crystal structure, uniformizing structures, improving the efficiency of alloying the laser surface, increasing the depth of the alloyed layer and reducing the tracking trend of the alloyed layer, and has the advantages of stable processing, high efficiency, high quality of the alloyed layer and the like; therefore, the method and the device are beneficial to industrial popularization and application of the alloying of the laser surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser surface alloying working method and device, in particular a kind of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying combined machining method and device.
Background technology
Laser surface alloying is a kind of novel method of metal surface properties modification, it is to utilize high energy laser beam that base metal surface is melted, add alloy element simultaneously, take matrix as solvent again, alloy element is on solute basis, to form the quite high and alloy layer quite uniformly of one deck concentration, thereby makes base metal surface have the properties such as desired wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, fire-resistant oxidation resistant.Laser surface alloying can be made surface alloying layer wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, fire-resistant oxidation resistant on the superior not substrate material surface of some low prices, surface property, for replacing expensive Integral alloy, save noble metal material and strategic material, cheap body material is used widely, thereby production cost is declined to a great extent.
In recent years, a large amount of manpowers has been dropped into and material resources are carried out the research of laser surface alloying in many countries and regions.Aspect base material, except having studied multiple ferrous metal, Al alloy, Ti alloy, Cu alloy, Ni base alloy etc. have also been studied.The alloying element adding has Ni, Cr, W, Ti, Co, Mn, Mo, B etc.Research emphasis mainly contains following four aspects:
1) technical study.Comprise the research work such as apolegamy of processing method, alloying element and processing parameter (laser facula shape and size, power, sweep velocity).
2) theoretical analysis.The heat transfer of laser surface alloying, mathematical Model of Heat Transfer are calculated.
3) microstructure and property of credit union's layer research.Emphasis lays particular emphasis on Study on Wear-resistance.What have has also carried out corrosion-resistant and oxidation resistant research.
4) applied research.As the application on the parts such as drain tap, valve seat, speedy steel cutting-tool and piston of automobile.
In laser surface alloying process, because laser and matrix metal top layer interact, the temperature of top layer metal sharply increases, and then the effect quenching by its matrix is to room temperature.Owing to there being the physicals differences such as larger linear expansivity, Young's modulus, thermal conductivity between surface alloying layer and body material, therefore thermograde is very large between the two, be easy to cause the formation of crackle and grow up, final generation crack of surface layer (macrocrack) or micro-crack, so alloying layer crack problem is the main bugbear of restriction laser surface alloying technology range of application.
The measure that suppresses at present Laser Surface Alloyed Layer crackle mainly contains: by adjusting slow cooling or the temper after the processing parameter, preheating, alloying of laser surface alloying, solution treatment and adjustment alloying constituent etc., in laser surface alloying process, matrix is carried out to ultrasonic vibration in addition, can significantly reduce internal stress and the tearing tendency of alloying layer.When the difference of matrix metal and alloying layer Material Physics parameter hour, above-mentioned measure can obtain good effect, but when both physicalies differ greatly, aforesaid method acts on ftractureing limited suppressing alloying layer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying combined machining method and device are provided, improve Laser Surface Alloyed Layer quality and expand its range of application.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and working method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) adopt preset material method or synchronous powder feeding system method that powdered alloy is delivered to the metal base surface after purification and activation treatment;
(2), under argon shield, by induction heating auxiliary laser scanned sample surface, carry out mechanical vibration simultaneously and carry out secondary process and make alloying layer.
In described step (1), preset material method is selected from a kind of in cakingagent coating, galvanic deposit, thermospray, vapour deposition, ion implantation, brushing, infiltration layer remelting.
In described step (2), the direction of vibration of mechanical vibration is perpendicular to specimen surface, and amplitude is 0.05～0.2mm, and vibrational frequency is 80～200HZ.
In described step (2), laser power is 800～1500W, and laser scanning speed is 300～800mmmin
-1, focal length is 105mm, and spot size is 3mm * 2mm, and overlapping rate is 30%.
In described step (2), the power of induction heating is 12～20kw, and induction heating district is of a size of 30mm * 20mm.
The thickness of described alloying layer is 0.3～1.0mm.
A kind of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying complex machining device, comprise numerical control supervisory control desk, laser apparatus, laser head, mechanical vibration platform, high frequency induction heater, load coil, alloying sample is positioned on mechanical vibration platform, high frequency induction heater is connected with load coil, load coil is fixed on laser head, the laser of laser head transmitting is positioned at the heating region central authorities of load coil, laser head is connected with laser apparatus, and CNC controller is connecting laser and high frequency induction heater respectively.
Principle of work of the present invention is: the forming core that adopts mechanical vibration can affect crystal in alloying molten bath is grown up, and can promote grain refining, and improve Crystalline Quality; There is " stratosphere " effect in the Zhong Ge region, molten bath of mechanical vibration auxiliary laser alloying in addition, causes rate of cooling, thermograde to change and slow down, and microstructure homogenization degree improves.And adopt induction heating auxiliary laser surface alloying recombining process, can make up the shortcoming of simple laser surface alloying laser energy deficiency, thereby improve surface alloying efficiency and increase the alloying layer degree of depth; Laser beam is acted on to middle part, induction heating region, can make up the disadvantageous deficiency of LASER HEAT source distribution, thereby reduce region, alloying molten bath and thermograde around, larger induction heating region is equivalent to molten bath to play the gentle cold-working use of preheating in addition, thereby can effectively reduce alloying layer cracking trend.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology: the present invention reaches crystal grain thinning, improves Crystalline Quality, uniform formation; And improve the efficiency of laser surface alloying, increase the degree of depth of alloying layer and reduce the effect of alloying layer cracking trend, have that processing is stable, efficiency is high and alloying layer quality advantages of higher, thereby the industry that is conducive to laser surface alloying is applied.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is implemented take technical solution of the present invention under prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the processing unit (plant) of the present embodiment, comprise numerical control supervisory control desk 1, laser apparatus 6, laser head 3, mechanical vibration platform 8, high frequency induction heater 4, load coil 2, mechanical vibration platform 8 is arranged on worktable 7, alloying sample 5 is positioned on mechanical vibration platform 8, high frequency induction heater 4 is connected with load coil 2, load coil 2 is fixed on laser head 3, the laser of laser head 3 transmittings is positioned at the heating region central authorities of load coil 2, laser head 3 is connected with laser apparatus 6, CNC controller is connecting laser 6 and high frequency induction heater 4 respectively.
The present embodiment is processed for the 40Cr matrix surface of the preset Mo powder of cakingagent being carried out to mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) Wire EDM to the 40Cr matrix surface of 20mm * 20mm * 8mm is polished, the pre-treatment such as oil removing, sandblast and cleaning;
(2) the Mo powder with the preset 0.2mm of cakingagent left and right at 40Cr matrix surface, is of a size of 36～74 μ m;
(3) mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying adopts STS2000 type CO
2laser machine, Hac high frequency induction heater 4, the mechanical vibration platform 8 of employing HEV-500 vibrator, direction of vibration is perpendicular to specimen surface, laser spot size is realized by focusing, and the power of laser power, sweep velocity and high frequency induction heater 4 is regulated by numerical control supervisory control desk 1.For anti-oxidation, during laser surface alloying, adopt argon gas to protect molten bath, concrete technology parameter is in Table 1.After mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying is processed, formed alloying layer thickness is about 0.8mm, alloying specimen surface is smooth, the defects such as dense structure is even, crystal grain is tiny, flawless, pore, impurity, have effectively reduced the cracking trend of alloying layer in laser treatment process.
Table 1 mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying recombining process parameter
The present embodiment is processed for the LY16 aluminium alloy matrix surface of deposit N i-P layer being carried out to mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) LY16 aluminium alloy matrix surface is polished, the pre-treatment such as oil removing, sandblast and cleaning;
(2) at aluminium alloy matrix surface deposit N i-P layer, electric depositing solution forms in Table 2, and electro-deposition process parameter is in Table 3, galvanic deposit bed thickness approximately 15 μ m;
(3) by induction heating auxiliary laser surface alloying, sample is carried out to Alloying Treatment, processing parameter is in Table 1.After mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying is processed, formed alloying layer thickness is about 0.3mm, alloying specimen surface is smooth, the defects such as dense structure is even, crystal grain is tiny, flawless, pore, impurity, have effectively reduced the cracking trend of alloying layer in laser treatment process.
Other embodiments are identical with embodiment 1.
The composition of table 2 electric depositing solution
| Liquation composition | Concentration |
| Single nickel salt (NiSO 4·6H 2O)/（g·L -1） | 240 |
| Nickelous chloride (NiCl 2·6H 2O)/（g·L -1） | 40 |
| Boric acid (H 3BO 3)/（g·L -1） | 30 |
| Phosphorous acid (H 3PO 3)/（g·L -1） | 15 |
| Wetting agent (C 12H 25SO 4Na)/（g·L -1） | 0.2 |
| Brightening agent (asccharin)/(gL -1） | 2 |
Table 3 electro-deposition process parameter
| Pulsewidth/ |
2 |
| Average current density/(Adm -2) | 4 |
| Dutycycle | 1：6 |
| Water bath heating temperature/℃ | 70 |
| Electrodeposition time/min | 60 |
The present embodiment is that the processing of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying is carried out in the titanium alloy-based surface of TC4 of the preset Al-Nb layer of microstructure of plasma sprayed, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) polished in the titanium alloy-based surface of TC4, the pre-treatment such as oil removing, sandblast and cleaning;
(2) the 3710 type air plasma spraying system spraying Al-15Nb(massfractions of producing with U.S. Praxair company in titanium alloy-based surface, %) mechanically mixing powder, spraying parameter is in Table 4;
(3) by induction heating auxiliary laser surface alloying, sample is carried out to Alloying Treatment, processing parameter is in Table 1.After mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying is processed, formed alloying layer thickness is about 1.0mm, alloying specimen surface is smooth, the defects such as dense structure is even, crystal grain is tiny, flawless, pore, impurity, have effectively reduced the cracking trend of alloying layer in laser treatment process.
Other embodiments are identical with embodiment 1.
Table 4 Plasma Spray Parameters
| Processing parameter | Al-Nb |
| Electric current/A | 700 |
| Voltage/V | 42 |
| Main gas, Ar/PSI | 60 |
| Auxiliary gas, He/PSI | 120 |
| Carrier gas, Ar/PSI | 45 |
| Powder feeding rate/(rmin -1) | 2 |
| Spray distance/mm | 110 |
| Spray gun translational speed/(mms -1) | 100 |
| Coat-thickness/μ m | 300 |
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is processed for the AZ91D magnesium alloy matrix surface of the preset Al-Y powder of cakingagent being carried out to mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) AZ91D magnesium alloy matrix surface is polished, the pre-treatment such as oil removing, sandblast and cleaning;
(2) the Al-5Y powder (massfraction, %, granularity 36～74 μ m) with the preset 0.2mm of cakingagent left and right at magnesium alloy matrix surface;
(3) by induction heating auxiliary laser surface alloying, sample is carried out to Alloying Treatment, processing parameter is in Table 1.After mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying is processed, formed alloying layer thickness is about 0.9mm, alloying specimen surface is smooth, the defects such as dense structure is even, crystal grain is tiny, flawless, pore, impurity, have effectively reduced the cracking trend of alloying layer in laser treatment process.
Other embodiments are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is for processing synchronously sending the stainless steel-based surface of 1Cr18Ni9Ti of TiC powder to carry out mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) polished in the stainless steel-based surface of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, the pre-treatment such as oil removing, sandblast and cleaning;
(2) by mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser synchronization powder-feeding method surface alloying, sample is carried out to Alloying Treatment, adopt the powder feeding of XSL-PF-01A-2 type bin double suction type coaxial powder feeding device, powder is granularity 200 object TiC powder, powder feeding rate 11.7gmin
-1, all the other processing parameters are in Table 1.After mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying is processed, formed alloying layer thickness is about 0.8mm, alloying specimen surface is smooth, the defects such as dense structure is even, crystal grain is tiny, flawless, pore, impurity, have effectively reduced the cracking trend of alloying layer in laser treatment process.
Other embodiments are identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (7)
1. a mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying combined machining method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) adopt preset material method or synchronous powder feeding system method that powdered alloy is delivered to the metal base surface after purification and activation treatment;
(2), under argon shield, by induction heating auxiliary laser scanned sample surface, carry out mechanical vibration simultaneously and carry out secondary process and make alloying layer.
2. a kind of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction according to claim 1 heats laser surface alloying combined machining method, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), preset material method is selected from a kind of in cakingagent coating, galvanic deposit, thermospray, vapour deposition, ion implantation, brushing, infiltration layer remelting.
3. a kind of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction according to claim 1 heats laser surface alloying combined machining method, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), the direction of vibration of mechanical vibration is perpendicular to specimen surface, amplitude is 0.05～0.2mm, and vibrational frequency is 80～200HZ.
4. a kind of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying combined machining method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), laser power is 800～1500W, and laser scanning speed is 300～800mmmin
-1, focal length is 105mm, and spot size is 3mm * 2mm, and overlapping rate is 30%.
5. a kind of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying combined machining method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), the power of induction heating is 12～20kw, and induction heating district is of a size of 30mm * 20mm.
6. a kind of mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heating laser surface alloying combined machining method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described alloying layer is 0.3～1.0mm.
7. a mechanical vibration auxiliary induction heats laser surface alloying complex machining device, it is characterized in that, comprise numerical control supervisory control desk, laser apparatus, laser head, mechanical vibration platform, high frequency induction heater, load coil, alloying sample is positioned on mechanical vibration platform, high frequency induction heater is connected with load coil, load coil is fixed on laser head, the laser of laser head transmitting is positioned at the heating region central authorities of load coil, laser head is connected with laser apparatus, and CNC controller is connecting laser and high frequency induction heater respectively.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN107104171A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 常州大学 | A kind of preparation method of micro nano structure bismuth ferrite photovoltaic device |
| CN107287588A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-24 | 通用电气公司 | Forging apparatus and method and laser melting coating system and method |
| WO2019144843A1 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-08-01 | 华中科技大学 | Method for laser-assisted heat source efficient hybrid cladding reinforcing steel rail |
| CN110306184A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-08 | 华中科技大学 | A method of taking into account the molten note efficiency of laser, compound layer depth and metallurgical quality |
| CN110819984A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-21 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser and electric co-heating thermal spraying device |
| CN112139574A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-29 | 长春理工大学 | Inductively coupled laser-assisted milling device and method |
| CN112518130A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-03-19 | 兰州理工大学 | Metal surface alloying method for promoting molten pool convection by non-uniform heat source |
| CN115283702A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-04 | 武汉大学 | Method and device for inhibiting anisotropy and crack of laser energy deposition high-temperature alloy |
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| CN101070595A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2007-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Method and apparatus for preparing material coating by laser inductive composite melt-coating |
| CN102719823A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for improving microstructure of laser remelting composite coating through vibration |
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| CN101070595A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2007-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Method and apparatus for preparing material coating by laser inductive composite melt-coating |
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Cited By (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107287588A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-24 | 通用电气公司 | Forging apparatus and method and laser melting coating system and method |
| CN107104171A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 常州大学 | A kind of preparation method of micro nano structure bismuth ferrite photovoltaic device |
| CN107104171B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-06-04 | 常州大学 | A kind of preparation method of micro nano structure bismuth ferrite photovoltaic device |
| WO2019144843A1 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-08-01 | 华中科技大学 | Method for laser-assisted heat source efficient hybrid cladding reinforcing steel rail |
| CN110306184A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-08 | 华中科技大学 | A method of taking into account the molten note efficiency of laser, compound layer depth and metallurgical quality |
| CN110819984A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-21 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser and electric co-heating thermal spraying device |
| CN112518130A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-03-19 | 兰州理工大学 | Metal surface alloying method for promoting molten pool convection by non-uniform heat source |
| CN112518130B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-11-16 | 兰州理工大学 | Metal surface alloying method for promoting molten pool convection by non-uniform heat source |
| CN112139574A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-29 | 长春理工大学 | Inductively coupled laser-assisted milling device and method |
| CN115283702A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-04 | 武汉大学 | Method and device for inhibiting anisotropy and crack of laser energy deposition high-temperature alloy |
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Application publication date: 20140129 |